内容正文:
期末词汇复习
必修第三册·外研版·Unit5 Whatanadventure!三
、
重点单词详解
1:astonish
二、
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:v.使吃惊,使惊讶
二、构词法(词性转换)
形容词:astonished(adj.感到吃惊的,修饰人);astonishing(adj.令人吃惊的,修饰物)
名词:astonishment(n.惊讶,吃惊)
三、用法与常见搭配
be astonished at/by sth.(对某事感到吃惊)
be astonished to do sth.(做某事感到吃惊)
to one's astonishment(使某人吃惊的是)
in astonishment(吃惊地)
四、重点辨析
astonish:语气较强,指对意外事情的发生感到震惊,程度比surprise深。
surprise:普通用词,强调因未预料到或突然发生的事情而产生的惊讶感。
2:consume
一、
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:V.消耗;消费;吃;喝
二、构词法(词性转换)
名词:consumer(n.消费者);consumption(n.消耗,消费)
、
用法与常见搭配
consume time/noney/energy(消耗时间/金钱/精力)
be consumed with sth.(因某事而充满,如be consumed with anger/gief充满愤怒/悲伤)
四、拓展
派生词:consumerism(n.消费主义)
3:distinguish
、
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:v.看清;认出;区分,辨别
二、构词法(词性转换)
形容词:distinguished(adj.杰出的,著名的;高贵的);distinguishable(ad.可区分的,
可辨别的)
名词:distinction(n.差别,区别;杰出,卓越)
三、用法与常见搭配
distinguish A from B(区分A和B)
distinguish between A and B(区分A和B)
distinguish oneself(表现突出,使自己与众不同)
四、重点辨析
distinguish:指通过特征、细节等将事物区分开来,强调辨别能力。
differentiate:
语气较正式,指通过分析找出事物的不同之处,常与between搭配。
4:gradually
、核心考点
词性:副词(adv.)
核心义:adv.逐渐地,逐步地
、
构词法(词性转换)
形容词:gradual(ad.逐渐的,逐步的)
名词:gradation(n.等级;阶段;渐变)
E、
用法与常见搭配
常修饰动词,表示动作的缓慢进行,如change gradually(逐渐变化),improve gradually
(逐渐提高)
四、重点辨析
gradually:强调过程的缓慢和逐步性。
step by step:强调按步骤、一步一步地进行。
5:intensity
一、核心考点
词性:名词(.)
核心义:n(光、声等的)强度:强烈,剧烈
二、
构词法(词性转换)
形容词:intense(adj.强烈的,剧烈的;紧张的)
副词:intensely(adv.强烈地,极度地)
动词:intensif(v.加强,增强;变激烈)
三、用法与常见搭配
the intensity of light/sound(光/声的强度)
with intensity(强烈地,剧烈地)
四、拓展
派生词:intensification(n.加强,强化)
6:vibration
、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.震颤,震动:(情感的)共鸣
构词法(词性转换)
动词:vibrate(v.震动,颤动;共鸣)
形容词:vibrant(adj.充满活力的;震动的)
三、用法与常见搭配
feel the vibration(感觉到震动)
vibrations of sound(声音的震动)
四、拓展
派生词:vibrator(n.振动器)
7:depth
、
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.深度;深厚,深刻;深奥
二、构词法(词性转换)
形容词:deep(adj.深的;深厚的;深奥的)
副词:deeply(adv.深深地;强烈地)
三、用法与常见搭配
the depth of the sea(海洋的深度)
in depth(深入地,全面地)
depth of knowledge/feeling(知识的深度/情感的深厚)
四、拓展
反义词:shallow(ad.浅的),shallowness(n.浅;浅薄)
8:beneath
核心考点
词性:介词(prep.)、副词(adv.)
核心义:prep.在…之下,在…正下方;(地位、级别等)低于;不值得
adv在下方,在底下
、
用法与常见搭配
prep.:lie beneath the ground(躺在地下);beneath one's dignity(有失某人的尊严)
adv.:The sun is now beneath the horizon.(太阳现在落到地平线以下了。)
重点辨析
beneath:正式用词,指位置低于某物或在某物的正下方,也可用于抽象意义,表示”低
于”不值得”。
blow:普通用词,指位置低于某物,但不一定在正下方,也可用于数量、程度等方面。
under:普通用词,指在某物的正下方,也可表示从属关系等。
9:resident
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)、形容词(adj.)
核心义:n.居民,住户;(旅馆的)住宿者adj.居住的,定居的
二、构词法(词性转换)
动词:reside(vi.居住,定居)
名词:residence(n.住所,住宅;居住)
三、用法与常见搭配
n.:local residents(当地居民):permanent residents(永久居民)
adj.:resident population(常住人口);resident doctor(住院医生)
四、拓展
派生词:residential(adj.住宅的,与居住有关的)
10:male
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)、形容词(adj.)
核心义:n雄性动物:男性adj.男性的:雄性的;男(性)的
二、用法与常见搭配
n.:a male of the species((该物种的雄性)
adj.:male voice(男声);male/female students(男/女学生)
三、重点辨析
male:指性别为男的或雄性的,可修饰人或动物。
masculine:指具有男性特征的,如男性气质、行为等,多形容抽象概念。
反义词:female(n.女性;雌性动物adj.女性的;雌性的)
二、词汇巩固练习
(一)单项选择(10题)
1.The news of his success_everyone in the office.
A)surprised
B)astonished
C)moved
D)interested
2.It is important tobetween right and wrong at a young age.
A)distinguish
B)differ
C)separate
D)divide
3.The company's profits have beenincreasing over the past five years.
A)suddenly
B)gradually
C)immediately
D)recently
4.The_of the storm caused severe damage to the coastal area.
A)intensity
B)intensive
C)intention
D)interaction
5.We could feel theof the engine as the plane took off.
A)vibrate
B)vibration
C)vibrant
D)vibrator
6.The ocean's in this area reaches over 2,000 meters.
A)deep
B)deeply
C)depth
D)deepen
7.The treasure was buried the old oak tree in the garden.
A)below
B)under
C)beneath
D)above
8.Local have complained about the noise from the construction site
A)residents
B)residence
C)resident
D)residential
9.Thepopulation of the city has grown by 10%in the last decade.
A)male
B)female
C)human
D)adult
10.The factory large amounts of water every day for production.
A)consumes
B)consumer
C)consumption
D)consuming
(二)根据提示补全句子(10题)
1.To her_(astonish),she found her lost necklace under the bed.
2.The(consume)of fossil fuels has led to serious environmental problems
3.He is a_(distinguish)scientist who has made great contributions to medicine.
4.The_(gradual)change of the seasons is a natural phenomenon.
5.The color of the sky varies in(intense)throughout the day.
6.The machine produces a lot of(vibrate)when it is running at full speed.
7.We need to study this issue in greater(deep)before making a decision.
8.The hotel offers special discounts to(resident)guests
9.The_(male)students in the class outnumber the female ones by two to one.
10.She was_(intense)interested in the history of ancient civilizations.
(三)首字母填空(10题)
1.The movie's ending was so unexpected that it aall the audience.
2.It takes time and e to learn a foreign language well.
3.Can you dthe difference between these two similar-looking plants?
4.The sun rises g in the east and sets slowly in the west.
5.The i of the light in the room can be adjusted with this switch
6.The v from the passing trains sometimes shakes the old house.
7.The diver went to a dof 50 meters to explore the sunken ship.
8.There is a secret door bthe bookshelf in the study.
9.All r are required to show their ID cards when entering the building.
10.The company is looking for a mnurse to work in the men's ward.
(四)答案与解析
1.单项选择答案:BA B A B CCA AA
解析1(第1题):
考查astonish的用法。astonish表示”使吃惊,使惊讶”,语气比surprise强,符合句意”
他成功的消息让办公室里的每个人都感到震惊;surprised表示”惊讶”,moved表示”
感动”,interested表示”感兴趣”,均不符合语境,故选B。
解析2(第2题):
考查distinguish的固定用法。distinguish between A and B表示'区分A和B”,符合句
意”在年轻时区分对错很重要;differ表示”不同”,separate表示”分离”,divide表示”
划分”,均不符合语境,故选A。
解析3(第4题):
考查intensity的用法。intensity表示”强度”,符合句意风暴的强度对沿海地区造成了
严重破坏;intensive表示”密集的”,intention表示意图”,interaction表示互动”,均
不符合语境,故选A。
2.补全句子答案:
1.astonishment 2.consumption 3.distinguished 4.gradual 5.intensity 6.vibration 7.depth
8.resident 9.male 10.intensely
3.首字母填空答案:
1.astonished 2.energy 3.distinguish 4.gradually 5.intensity 6.vibration 7.depth 8.be-
neath 9.residents 10.male
英语词汇复习手册·必修第三册·Unit5 What an adventure!三