Unit 3 The world meets China 二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（外研版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·外研版·Unit3 TheworldmeetsChina二 一、重点单词详解 1:scholar 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.学者；奖学金获得者 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：scholarly/skpleli/(adj.学术的；博学的) 动词：scholarize/'skolerarz/(vi.做学术研究；使有学者风度) 名词：scholarship/'skplefip/(n.奖学金；学术研究，由scholar+-ship构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 scholar+领域：a history scholar(历史学者) scholarship搭配：wi/receive a scholarship(获得奖学金)：academic scholarship(学术奖 学金) 四、重点辨析 scholar vs..scientist:scholar侧重人文社科领域学者，scientist指自然科学领域科学家。 2:department 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.(大学的)系，部；部门 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：pat(n.部分) 动词：depart/dr'pa:t/(i.离开；出发，de-(离开)+pat) 形容词：departmental/,dipa:t'mentl/(adj.部门的；系的，由department+-al构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 大学院系表达：the English Department(英语系)；the Department of Physics(物理系) 机构部门：government department(政府部门)；sales department(销售部) 四、拓展用法 缩写形式：Dept.(用于书面简称，如Dept.of Education) 3:institute core考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v) 核心义：n.学院；研究院：v.建立；制定 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：institution/,nst'jun/(n.机构；制度，由institute+ion构成) 形容词：institutional/Imst'junl/(adj.机构的：制度的) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词用法：research institute(研究院)；institute of technology(理工学院) 动词用法：institute policies/rules(制定政策/规则)institute legal proceedings(提起法律 诉讼) 四、重点辨析 institute vs.university:institute侧重专业性学院（如理工、艺术)，university指综合性大 学。 4:sinologist 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.汉学家（研究中国文化、历史等领域的学者） 构词法（词性转换） 词根：Sino-(表示中国的”，如Sino-US relations中美关系) 名词：sinology/sar'npled3i/(n.汉学，中国学，logy表学科) E、 用法与常见搭配 领域搭配：a famous sinologist（著名汉学家)；sinologist specializing in Tang poetry(研 究唐诗的汉学家) 四、拓展用法 同类构词：biologist(生物学家，bio-(生命)+-logist);psychologist(心理学家，psycho- (心理)+-logist) 5:prior 、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.先前的；较早的；优先的 二、构词法（词性转换） 副词：priorly/prarsli/(adv.先前地；优先地) 名词：priority/prar'Drati/（n.优先权；重点，由pior+-ity构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 固定短语：prior to(在…之前，后接名词/动名词，如prior to departure出发前；pioI to doing sth. 形容词搭配：prior experience（先前经验)：a prior commitment(事先约定) priority搭配：give priority to（优先考虑，如give priority to education优先发展教育)； high/low priority（高/低优先级) 四、重点辨析 prior to vs.before:prior to更正式，多用于书面语；before口语和书面语通用。 6:genius 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.天才，天赋；天资 构词法 词性转换)形容词：genius /'d3i:nis/(adj.天才的，仅用于名词前作定语) 近形词：genuine/'d3 enjum/(adj.真正的；真诚的) 用法与常见搭配 表示”天才”（可数）：a mathematical genius(数学天才)；geniuses(复数形式) 表示”天赋”（不可数）：have a genius for music(有音乐天赋) 四、重点辨析 genius vs.talent: genius指极高的天赋（近乎超凡），talent侧重某方面的才能（可通过 培养获得)。 7:chamber 、核心考点 词性：名词(.) 核心义：.房间：（身体或器官内的)腔；会议厅 二、构词法（词性转换） 复合词：chambermaid/t∫ermbamerd/(n.女服务员，chamber+maid);chamber music (室内乐，指小型乐器演奏的音乐) 三、用法与常见搭配 特定场所：bed chamber(卧室，古用法)；he Chamber of Commerce(商会) 科学术语：heart chamber(心腔)；anterior chamber(前房，眼睛部位) 四、拓展用法 固定搭配：in chamber(秘密地；在法官办公室内，如a trial in chamber秘密审判) 8:stratagem 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.计谋，策略；诡计 一、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：strategy/'straetad3i(n.战略；策略，-egy与-agem均表”行动/方法”) 形容词：strategicrt:d3k/(adj.战略的；关键的，由strategy+-ic构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 军事/竞争场景：military stratagems(军事计谋)；devise a stratagem(策划策略) 四、重点辨析 stratagem vs.strategy:stratagem侧重具体的”小计谋”（多含巧思或欺骗性），strategy指 宏观的”战略规划”。 9:enormous 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：ad.巨大的，庞大的： 极大的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：nom(n.标准；规范) 前缀：e(=ex-,超出)+nom+-ous(形容词后缀)→超出标准的→巨大的 名词：enormity个'no:mati/(n.巨大；暴行，注意：表示”巨大”时为不可数，如the enormity of the task任务的艰巨性) 三、用法与常见搭配 修饰具体事物：an enormous building(巨大的建筑)；enormous amounts of money(巨额 资金) 修饰抽象概念：enormous pressure（巨大压力)：enormous influence(极大影响) 四、重点辨析 enormous vs..huge vs.vast:enormous侧重体积、数量或程度”超乎寻常的大：huge强 调尺寸或规模”庞大”；vast多指面积或范围”广阔无边”（如vast desert)。 10:tune 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词（v.) 核心义：n.曲调，旋律；v.调音：调整 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：tuneful/'tju:nfl/（adj.音调优美的，由tne+-fl构成) 动词短语：tnen（收听；收看，une in to the radio收听广播) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词用法：hum a tune(哼曲调)：change the tune（改变调子) 动词用法：tune a piano(给钢琴调音)；tune up（调试乐器；热身，如The band is tuning p.乐队正在调音。) 四、固定搭配 out of tune（走调；不协调，如The piano is out of tune.);in tune with(与…协调，如 in tune with nature) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The professor is a well-known_who specializes in ancient Chinese history. A)scientist B)scholar C)physicist D)chemist 2.The new policy was_to improve public health in rural areas. A)instituted B)departed C)tuned D)strategized 3.Please submit your application form_the deadline,which is next Friday. A)before B)prior to C)ago D)since 4.The research team has made anbreakthrough in the treatment of cancer. A)enormous B)huge C)vast D)large 5.The_of Music at this university offers courses in both classical and modemn composition. A)Institute B)Department C)Institution D)Chamber 6.As a Dr.Lee has spent 30 years studying Tang Dynasty poetry and culture. A)biologist B)psychologist C)sinologist D)strategist 7.The pianist spent hours her instrument before the concert to ensure it sounded perfect. A)tuning B)instituting C)prioritizing D)scholarizing 8.Winning the national math competition showed that she had a real for numbers. A)talent B)genius C)skill D)ability 9.The company's success was largely due to its clever marketing-to attract young cus- tomers A)strategy B)stratagem C)plan D)method 10.The_of Commerce announced new measures to support small businesses during the economic cnisis. A)Chamber B)Department C)Institute D)Institution (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.Her_(scholar)in art history earned her a reputation as an expert in the field. 2.The(depart)of the flight was delayed due to bad weather. 3.The government plans to(institute)stricter laws to protect endangered species. 4.He has a(prior)to finish his thesis before applying for jobs 5.The(strategic)location of the warehouse allows for efficient distribution of goods. 6.The _(enormous)of the task became clear when we realized how much work was needed. 7.She has a(genius)for languages and can speak five fluently 8.The hotel's_(chamber)staff ensures that all rooms are cleaned thoroughly every day. 9.The team used a clever(stratagem)to win the final match against their rivals. 10.The orchestra played a_(tuneful)melody that brought the audience to their feet (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.A s from Oxford University will give a lecture on Shakespeare tomorrow. 2.The English D_offers a variety of courses,including literature and linguistics. 3.The research i focuses on developing new technologies for renewable energy 4.Professor Wang is a famous s_who has written many books on Chinese philosophy 5.All employees must attend the meeting pto the annual conference. 6.Her musical gwas discovered when she was just five years old. 7.The heart has four cthat pump blood throughout the body 8.The general devised a clever sto outwit the enemy during the battle 9.The project requires an eamount of time and resources to complete 10.The radio station plays t from the 1980s every Saturday evening (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：B A B A B C AB B A 解析1（第1题）： 考查scholar的词义辨析。scholar表示？学者，特指在学术领域有深入研究的人，符合 句意这位教授是专门研究中国古代历史的著名学者”；scientist指”科学家”，physicist 指”物理学家”，chemist指”化学家”，均不符合语境，故选B。 解析2（第2题）： 考查institute的动词用法。institute作动词表示”建立；制定”，符合句意”新政策是为了 改善农村地区的公共卫生而制定的”；depart表示”离开”，tne表示”调音”，strategize 表示”制定战略”，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析3（第3题）： 考查prior to的固定搭配。prior to表示”在…之前”，是正式用语，符合句意”请在下 周五截止日期前提交申请表；before虽然意思相近但不如prior to正式，ago和since不 符合语法，故选B。 2.补全句子答案： 1.scholarship 2.departure 3.institute 4.priority 5.strategic 6.enormity 7.genius 8.cham- bermaid 9.stratagem 10.tuneful 3.首字母填空答案： 1.scholar 2.Department 3.institute 4.sinologist 5.prior 6.genius 7.chambers 8.stratagem 9.enormous 10.tunes 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit3 The world meets China二