Unit 5 Into the unknown 二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（外研版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·外研版·Unit5 Intotheunknown.二 、 重点单词详解 1:expansion 二、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.扩大；增加 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：pan(-breadth,表示”宽度”) 动词：expand /k'spaend/(v.扩大；扩展；膨胀) 形容词：expansive /ik'spaensrv/(adj.广阔的；扩张的；健谈的) 名词：expansion(由expand+-ion名词后缀构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(expand) expand into.…(扩展到…领域/范围) expand on/upon(详细阐述) expand by...（增长了…比例/数量) 名词(expansion) economic expansion(经济扩张) territorial expansion（领土扩张) the expansion of..(…的扩大/发展) 四、重点辨析 expand vs extend:expand侧重体积、数量、范围的增长，也可指抽象概念（如业务）； extend侧重时间、空间的延长，或直线延伸（如道路、假期)。 2:subdue 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.克制，抑制（情绪）；征服；制服 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀：smb-（表示”下；次要；完全)+词根：due(-to lead,引导)→”引向下方”→ 压制 形容词：subdued/sab'dju:d/(adj.被抑制的；柔和的；低调的) 名词：subduement/sab'dju:mant/(n.征服；抑制) 三、用法与常见搭配 subdue one's anger/nerves/fear(克制愤怒/紧张/恐惧) subdue a country/rebellion（征服国家/平定叛乱) subdue the noise(降低噪音) 四、重点辨析 subdue vs suppress:二者均有”抑制”之意，subdue更强调通过努力使情绪、反抗等平静 下来；suppress侧重用强力或意志压制（如suppress a smile忍住笑，suppress news封锁 消息)。 3:delve 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.探索，探究；深入挖掘 二、构词法 词源：来自古英语delfan(挖掘)，与dig同源 三、用法与常见搭配 delve into sth.(深入研究/调查某事) delve for..(挖掘…) delve in...(钻研…领域) 例：delve into historical records（查阅历史记录) 四、拓展用法 常与抽象名词搭配：delve into the problem/.mystery(探究问题/谜团) 4:shrink 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.退缩，畏缩；（使）收缩；缩小 、二、构词法（词性转换） 过去式/过去分词：shrank/shnk;shnk/shrunken 名词：shrinkage /'frkid3/(n.收缩；缩水) 二、 用法与常见搭配 shrink from(避免做，不愿做) 例：shrink from responsibility(逃避责任) shrink in size/number(尺寸/数量缩小) shrink with cold/fear(因寒冷/恐惧而畏缩) 四、重点辨析 shrink vs contract:shik侧重因物理变化（如遇水、受热）或心理因素导致的收缩、退 缩；contract侧重物体因外力或自然过程而收缩（如金属冷却收缩），也可指协议”签 订”。 5:retreat 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.后退：离开；退避：n.撤退；隐居处 二、构词法 前缀：re-（表示”回；向后)+词根：teat(=to draw,拉)→”拉回”→后退 三、用法与常见搭配 动词（retreat) retreat from.（从…撤退；退出…) retreat to..(退到…地方) retreat into oneself(变得沉默寡言) 名词(retreat) make a retreat(撤退) a mountain retreat(山间隐居处) beat a retreat(匆忙撤退；溜之大吉) 四、重点辨析 retreat vs withdraw:retreat多指军队撤退或因困难、危险而主动后退；withdraw侧重从 活动、组织中退出，或收回（资金、言论等），也可指物理上的”移开”。 6:uncharted 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.地图上没有标明的：未知的：未经探索的 二、构词法 前缀：n-(否定前缀)+chat(n.地图：图表)+-ed形容词后缀→”未被绘制地图的”→ 未知的 三、用法与常见搭配 uncharted territory/waters（未知领域/水域) ncharted regions（未探索的地区) 例：The team ventured into uncharted scientific fields.(团队涉足了未知的科学领域。) 四、拓展用法 比喻义：指思想、知识等方面的”未知领域”，为书面语，常用于正式语境。 7:archaeological 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.考古学的；考古的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：archaeo-(表示”古代”)+-logy(学科后缀)→archaeology/,a:ki'Dlad3i/(n.考古 学) 名词：archaeologist/,a:ki'olad3Ist/(n.考古学家) 形容词：archaeological（由archaeology+-ical形容词后缀构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 archaeological site(考古遗址) archaeological research（考古研究) archaeological findings(考古发现) 8:investigation 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.调查；研究 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：investigate/In'vestIgert/(v.调查；研究) 形容词：investigative /in'vestrgatrv/(adj.调查的；探究的) 名词：investigation(由investigate+-ion名词后缀构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(investigate) investigate into sth.（调查某事) investigate a crime/murder(调查犯罪/谋杀案) 名词(investigation) conduct/cary out an investigation(进行调查) under investigation（在调查中) the investigation of..（对…的调查) 四、重点辨析 investigation vs inquiry:investigation指有系统、深入的调查，常涉及官方或学术研究； inquiry侧重为获取信息而询问，可指正式或非正式的调查（如police inquiry警方询问）。 9:steer 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.驾驶（船、车)；引导；掌控方向（短语steer clear of中为”避开”) 二、构词法（短语搭配） 常见短语：steer clear of..(避开…；从…处脱身) 例：steer clear of trouble(避开麻烦) steer the conversation towards..(把话题引向…) steer a car(开车) 三、用法与常见搭配 steer sb./sth.into..(引导某人/某物进入…) steer by.(根据…导航) steer a course(设定航线/道路) 四、拓展用法 比喻义：steer one's life/career(掌控人生/事业方向) 10:shrink 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.退缩，畏缩；（使）收缩；缩小 二、构词法（词性转换） 过去式/过去分词：shrank/shrunk;shrunk/shrunken 名词：shrinkage /'frmkid3/(n.收缩；缩水) 三、用法与常见搭配 hrink from（避免做，不愿做) 例：shrink from responsibility(逃避责任) shrink in size/number(尺寸/数量缩小) shrink with cold/fear 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The company plans to into the Asian market next year A)expand B)extend C)shrink D)retreat 2.She tried to her disappointment when she heard the bad news. A)suppress B)subdue C)shrink D)delve 3.Researchers need to into historical records to find evidence for this theory. A)）steer B)subdue C)delve D)retreat 4.The cloth in the wash,so it no longer fits A)shrank B)contracted C)retreated D)subdued 5.The army was forced to_after suffering heavy losses. A)withdraw B)retreat C)shrink D)subdue 6.This area is still territory for scientists studying deep-sea life. A)uncharted B)archaeological C)investigative D)expansive 7.The police have launched an into the cause of the accident. A)inquiry B)investigation C)subdue D)shrinkage 8.It's important to_clear of dangerous situations when traveling alone. A)steer B)delve C)expand D)retreat 9.Theteam discovered ancient pottery at the excavation site A)archaeological B)investigative C)expansive D)subdued 10.The government aims to promote economic-through new policies. A)shrinkage B)investigation C)expansion D)subdue (二)根据提示补全句子(6题) 1.The(expand)of the city has led to more traffic problems 2.He spoke in a(subdue)voice to avoid waking the baby. 3.The_(investigate)into the corruption case will take several months 4.The dress was too big,but after washing,it (shrink)to the right size. 5.She has a talent for_(steer)conversations towards meaningful topics. 6.The (archaeology)findings shed light on ancient civilizations. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The company's territorial e has caused tensions with neighboring countries. 2.He d into the history of the region to write his new book. 3.The patient's fear began to s_after the doctor explained the treatment. 4.The sailors had to s_the ship through stormy waters. 5.The research team is exploring uareas of quantum physics. 6.The police conducted a thorough i into the theft 7.The archaeologists found valuable artifacts at the a site 8.She managed to sher anger and respond calmly 9.The fabric's swas more severe than expected after washing. 10.The government decided to r its troops from the border area. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A B C A B AB AA C 2.补全句子答案： 1.expansion 2.subdued 3.investigation 4.shrank 5.steering 6.archaeological 3.首字母填空答案： 1.expansion 2.delved 3.subdue 4.steer 5.uncharted 6.investigation 7.archaeological 8. subdue 9.shrinkage 10.retreat 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit5 Into the unknown二