Unit 2 Lessons in life 二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（外研版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·外研版·Unit2 Lessonsinlife.二 一、 重点单词详解 1:pure 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.纯净的，洁净的 二、构词法（词性转换） 副词：purely /pjvali/(adv.纯粹地；仅仅) 名词：purity /'pjvarati/(n.纯净；纯度) 反义词：impure/m'pjUa)/(adj.不纯净的) 三、用法与常见搭配 pure water/air(纯净水/空气) pure gold/silver(纯金/银) pure chance/.coincidence(纯属偶然/巧合) purely personal(纯属个人的) purely by accident(纯属偶然) 四、易混辨析 pure vs.clean:pre强调”不含杂质”（如pure silk真丝）：clean强调”无污垢？（如clean hands干净的手) 2:transparent 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad.) 核心义：adj.透明的；易懂的 构词法 词根：-pa-（出现，看见) 前缀：trans-(穿过) →字面义”看穿的”→透明的 名词：transparency /traens'paerensi/(n.透明度；幻灯片) 三、用法与常见搭配 transparent glass/window(透明玻璃/窗户) transparent lies/excuses(明显的谎言/借口) transparent explanation（清晰易懂的解释) 四、拓展用法 比喻义：指事物”公开的；易识破的”（如ransparent corruption公然的腐败) 3:vexed 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.恼火的；棘手的 二、构词法 动词：vex/veks/(vt.使烦恼；使恼火) 形容词：vexed(由vex的过去分词转化而来) 副词：vexedly'vekstli/(adv.恼火地》 三、用法与常见搭配 be vexed witi山hsb.(对某人心烦) a vexed question/problem(棘手的问题) vexed look/expression(恼火的表情) 四、同义词替换 annoyed(恼火的)：puzzling(棘手的) 4:absurd 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.荒唐的，愚蠢的 二、构词法 名词：absurdity /ab's3:dati/(n.荒唐事；荒谬性) 副词：absurdly /ab's3:dli/(adv.荒唐地) 三、用法与常见搭配 absurd idea/suggestion(荒唐的想法/建议) absurd behavior/argument(愚蠢的行为/论点) It is absurd to do sth.(做某事很荒唐) 四、易混辨析 absurd vs.idiculous:absurd强调”逻辑上不合理”（如absurd theory荒谬理论）；ridiculous 强调引人发笑”（如ridiculous costume滑稽的服装） 5:lean core考点 词性：动词(v.):形容词(aj.) 核心义：v.倚，靠；adj.瘦的；贫瘠的 二、构词法（多词性） 动词过去式/过去分词：leaned/leant1ent/ 形容词比较级：leaner; 最高级：leanest 三、用法与常见搭配 动词（倚，靠) lean against/on sth.(倚在某物上) lean out of the window(探身窗外) 形容词（瘦的：贫瘠的） lean body/figure(瘦削的身材) lean meat(瘦肉) lean soil(贫瘠的土地) 四、熟词僻义 lean(v.)还可表示倾向于”（如lean towards a decision倾向于某个决定） 6:stroke 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v);名词(n.) 核心义：v.轻抚，抚摸；n.中风；笔画 、 构词法（多词性） 动词：stroke(vt.轻抚) 名词：stroke(n.中风；笔画；一击) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词（轻抚） stroke sb.'s hair/cheek(轻抚某人的头发/脸频) stroke a cat/dog(抚摸猫/狗) 名词（中风；笔画） suffer a stroke(中风) a brush stroke（一笔画) 四、易混辨析 stroke vs.touch:stroke强调”轻柔地持续触摸”；touch泛指”接触？（如light touch轻触） 7:instinctively 一、 核心考点 词性：副词(adv,) 核心义：adv.本能地 二、构词法 词根：instinct/mstkt/(n.本能) 形容词：instinctive/m'strktrv/(adj.本能的) 副词：instinctively(instinctive+-ly) 三、用法与常见搭配 act instinctively(本能地行动) instinctive reaction/reflex(本能反应/反射) instinct for survival(求生本能) 四、例句 She instinctively reached out to catch the falling cup.(她本能地伸手去接掉落的杯子。) 8:despair 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.):动词（v) 核心义：n.绝望；v.绝望，丧失信心 二、构词法 前缀：de-(否定)+spair(希望，源自拉丁语spes)→失去希望→绝望 形容词：despairing/dr'spearu)/(ad.绝望的) 副词：despairingly/dr'spearmli/(adv.绝望地) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词（不可数） in despair(绝望地) despair of sth.sb.（对…绝望) a feeling of despair(绝望感) 动词（不及物） despair of winning（对获胜绝望) despair at the situation（对局势绝望) 四、反义词 hope(希望)；optimism(乐观) 9:luxury 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.奢华，奢侈；奢侈品 二、构词法 形容词：luxurious /IAg'3wis/(ad.奢侈的；豪华的) 副词：luxuriously Aag'35isli/(adv.奢华地) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词（可数不可数） live in luxury(过着奢侈生活) a luxury hotel/car(豪华酒店/汽车) luxuries(奢侈品，如imported luxuries进口奢侈品) 形容词(1 ixurious) luxurious room/suite(豪华房间/套房) luxurious lifestyle(奢侈的生活方式) 四、易混辨析 luxury vs.comfort:1uxuy强调”超出必需的奢华”（如luxuy yacht豪华游艇）；comfort 强调”舒适”（如comfort food慰藉食品） 10:instinctively(补充说明) 一、重点说明 注：作为高频副词，需注意其与instinct'”的搭配使用，如by instinct'?(本能地) 与”instinctively”同义，但前者为介词短语，后者为副词。 例句：Birds learn to fly by instinct./Birds instinctively learn to fly.（鸟本能地学会飞翔。) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The water in this mountain area is so that people can drink it directly A)pure B)clean C)transparent D)clear 2.The company promised to make its financial records more_to the public A)pure B)t女ransparent C)absurd D)vexed 3.She was_with her brother for breaking her favorite vase. A)absurd B)vexed C)lean D)despair 4.It is_to think that we can solve this problem in just one day. A)absurd B)ridiculous C)instinctive D)luxurious 5.He likes to against the wall when he is thinking. A)stroke B)lean C)vex D)despair 6.The old lady gently her cat's fur while watching TV. A)leaned B)stroked C)vexed D)instinctively 7.Animals know how to find food when they are born. A)purely B)transparently C)instinctively D)despairingly 8.After failing the exam three times,he began to of passing it. A)despair B)vex C)lean D)stroke 9.Staying in a five-star hotel is afor most college students. A)purity B)transparency C)luxury D)absurdity 10.The_question of how to reduce pollution has not been solved yet. A)pure B)vexed C)lean D)instinctive (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The(pure)of the air in the countryside is much higher than that in the city. 2.She explained the theory in a(transparent)way so that everyone could understand. 3.His(vex)expression showed that he was not happy with the result. 4.It is_(absurd)to spend so much money on a single meal. 5.The little boy(lean)out of the window to wave goodbye to his mother. 6.The cat(stroke)by its owner purred happily. 7.He acted (instinctive)to save the child from falling into the river. 8.The team's_(despair)look after losing the game made everyone sad. 9.They live a (luxury)life in their big house with a swimming pool. 10.Birds learn to fly by(instinct),without being taught. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The water in the bottle is p,with no impurities. 2.The glass is so t that you can see through it easily 3.He was v because his friend forgot his birthday. 4.It's ato believe that the earth is flat in modern times. 5.Please don't 1on the table;it might break. 6.She s her baby's head to comfort him 7.We often react i to dangerous situations. 8.After the accident,he fell into d and didn't want to talk to anyone. 9.Having a private jet is a 1 that few people can afford. 10.The sproblem of global warming requires international cooperation. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A BB A BB C A C B 解析1（第1题）： 考查pre的用法。pure强调”不含杂质，符合句意”这个山区的水很纯净，人们可以直 接饮用”；clean强调”干净无污垢”，transparent强调”透明”，clear强调”清澈”，均不符 合语境，故选A。 解析2（第2题）： 考查ransparent的用法。transparent表示”透明的；公开的”，符合句意”公司承诺向公 众公开其财务记录”；pre强调”纯净”，absurd强调”荒谬”，vexed强调”恼火的”，均 不符合语境，故选B。 解析3（第3题）： 考查vexed的用法。be vexed wit山hsb.表示”对某人心烦，符合句意”她因为弟弟打碎了 她最喜欢的花瓶而恼火”；absurd强调”荒谬”，lean强调”倚靠”，despair强调”绝望”， 均不符合语境，故选B。 2.补全句子答案： 1.purity 2.transparent 3.vexed 4.absurd 5.leaned/leant 6.stroked 7.instinctively 8.de- spairing 9.luxurious 10.instinct 3.首字母填空答案： 1.pure 2.transparent 3.vexed 4.absurd 5.lean 6.stroked 7.instinctively 8.despair 9.lux- ury 10.vexed 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit2 Lessons in life二