Unit 2 Lessons in life 一-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（外研版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·外研版·Unit2 Lessonsinlife一 一、 重点单词详解 1:weaken 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v,) 核心义：V.(使)虚弱；（使）减弱 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：weak(adj.虚弱的；弱的) 动词：weaken(由weak+-en构成，表”使…化) 形容词：weak(原词，adj.虚弱的)；weakened(weak+-ed,adj.被削弱的) 名词：weakness(weak+-ness,n.弱点；虚弱) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(weaken) weaken the body(使身体虚弱) weaken the argument(削弱论点) weaken one's1 esolve(动摇决心) be weakened by(因…而虚弱) 形容词(weak) a weak person/voice(虚弱的人/微弱的声音) be weak in(在…方面薄弱) 名词(weakness) have a weakness for（偏爱…) overcome one's weakness(克服弱点) 2:pessimistic 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.悲观的，悲观主义的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：pessimist(n.悲观主义者) 名词：pessimism/'pesrmIzam/(n.悲观主义) 形容词：pessimistic(pessimist+-ic构成) 副词：pessimistically/,pesr'mIstrkli/(pessimistic+-ally) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(pessimistic) be pessimistic about(对…悲观) a pessimistic view(悲观的看法) 副词(pessimistically) speak pessimistically(悲观地说) 名词(pessimism) show pessimism（表现出悲观) 3:anticipate 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.预期，预料；提前行动 二、 构词法（词性转换） 前缀：anti-(前)+cip（拿)+-ate(动词后缀)→”提前拿住”→预期 名词：anticipation/en,tsr'pein/(anticipate+-ion） 形容词：anticipatory/en,t女sr'pertari/.(anticipate+-oy) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(anticipate) anticipate sth.(预料某事) anticipate doing sth.(预料做某事) anticipate that从句（预料…) anticipate sb.'s needs(预见某人的需求) 名词(anticipation) in anticipation of(预料到；期待) with great anticipation(满怀期待) 4:abnormal 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：adj.不正常的，反常的 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀：ab-(离开)+normal(adj.正常的)→”偏离正常”→反常的 名词：abnormality/,ebn:'maelati/(abnormal+-ity) 副词：abnormally/eb'no:meli/(abnormal+-ly) 反义词：normal/noml/(adj.正常的) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(abnormal) abnormal behavior(反常行为) abnormal levels(异常水平) be abnormal in（在…方面不正常) 副词(abnormally) abnormally high（异常高的) 名词(abnormality) genetic abnormality(基因异常) 5:widespread 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.广泛流传的；普遍的 构词法（词性转换） 合成词：wide(adj.广泛的)+spread(v.传播)→”广泛传播的” 副词：widely/wardli/(wide的副词形式，广泛地) 动词：spread/spred/(v.传播；展开) 三、 用法与常见搭配 形容词(widespread) widespread support(广泛支持) widespread damage（大面积破坏) 副词(widely) be widely used(被广泛使用) 动词(spread) spread out(展开；扩散) spread across(传遍) 6:recognition 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.承认，认可；认出 一、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：recognize/'1 ekagnaIz/(v.认出；承认) 动词：recognize(1e-再+cogn知道+-ize) 名词：recognition(recognize+-ition) 形容词：recognizable/'1 rekagnarzab/(recognize+-able) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词(1 ecognition) gain/win recognition（获得认可) in recognition of(作为对…的认可) beyond recognition（面日全非) 动词(1 ecognize) recognize sb./sth.(认出某人/某物) recognize..as.（承认…为…) 7:cooperate 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v,) 核心义：V.合作，协作 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀：co-(共同)+operate(v.操作)→”共同操作→合作 名词：cooperation /kau,Dp3'rerfn/(cooperate+-iom) 形容词：cooperative/kaU'Dperetrv/(cooperate+-ive) 副词：cooperatively /kau'Dparatrvli/(cooperative+-ly) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词（cooperate) cooperate with sb.(与某人合作) cooperate in doing sth.(合作做某事) cooperate to do sth.(为做某事而合作) 名词(cooperation) in cooperation with（与…合作) 形容词(cooperative) a cooperative effort(共同努力) 8:phrase 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词（v.) 核心义：n.成语，习语；警句：短语v.用短语表达 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：phrase(n.短语；习语) 动词：phrase(v.表达) 形容词：phrasal /'frerzl/(phrase+-al,adj.短语的) 名词：phrasing/frerz1/(phrase+-ing,n.措辞) 三、 用法与常见搭配 名词phrase) set phrase(固定短语) verb phrase(动词短语) prepositional phrase（介词短语) 动词(phrase) phrase sth.carefully(仔细措辞) be phrased as(被表达为) 形容词(phrasal) phrasal verb(短语动词) 9:cram 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.挤满；死记硬背n.拥挤：死记硬背 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词/名词：cram(词性兼类) 形容词：crammed /kraemd/(cram+-ed,adj.挤满的) 名词：cramming/kem/(cram的动名词，n.死记硬背) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(cram) cram into(挤进…) cram for an exam(临时抱佛脚备考) cram sth.with sth.(用某物塞满某物) 形容词(crammed) a crammed bus(拥挤的公交车) 名词（cramming) do a lot of cramming(大量死记硬背) 10:outstretched 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.张开的，伸开的 二、构词法（词性转换） 合成词：out(向外)+stretch(v.伸展)+-ed(形容词后缀)→”向外伸展的 动词：stretch/stretf/(v.伸展；延伸) 名词：stretch/stret/(n.伸展；一段时间) 形容词：stretched/stet/（stretch+-ed,adj.拉伸的) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(outstretched) outstretched arms(张开的双臂) with outstretched hands 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The long illness has his body,making him very thin. A)weakened B)weakened C)weakness D)weak 2.Many people are__about the future of the economy due to the recent crisis A)pessimist B)pessimistic C)pessimism D)pessimistically 3.We need to_potential problems before they arise. A)anticipate B)anticipation C)anticipatory D)anticipated 4.The doctor found levels of sugar in his blood during the check-up A)abnommally B)abnormality C)abnormal D)normal 5.The new policy has gainedsupport from the general public. A)widely B)widespread C)spread D)wide 6.Her achievements finally won her theshe deserved. A)recognize B)recognizable C)recognition D)recognizing 7.The two companies decided to_to develop new technology. A)cooperation B)cooperative C)cooperate D)cooperatively 8.Please_your request clearly to avoid misunderstanding. A)phrase B)phrasing C)phrasal D)phrases 9.Students often_for exams by staying up late to memorize facts. A)cram B)crammed C)cramming D)crams 10.She ran towards him witharms,ready for a hug. A)outstretched B)stretched C)stretch D)stretching (二)根据提示补全句子(6题) 1.The team's(cooperate)led to their success in the project. 2.She has a(weak)for chocolate,especially dark chocolate. 3.The company showed(pessimistic)about reaching its sales target this year. 4.In_(recognize)of her contributions,she was awarded a medal 5.The (anticipate)of the holiday made the children excited. 6.His (abnormal)behavior caught the attention of the teacher. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Lack of sleep can wthe immune system,making you more likely to get sick. 2.Don't be so pabout everything-things might get better soon! 3.We athat the journey would take about three hours,so we left early. 4.The test results showed a high levels of pollution in the river 5.The news of their victory spread w_across the country. 6.After years of hard work,she finally gained ras a talented artist. 7.To solve this problem,we need to cwith other departments effectively. 8.The article was carefully pto avoid any misunderstanding. 9.Many students cfor exams the night before,which is not a good habit. 10.The child ran to his mother with oarms,eager to be held. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AB ACB CCAA A 2.补全句子答案： 1.cooperation 2.weakness 3.pessimism 4.recognition 5.anticipation 6.abnormal 3.首字母填空答案： 1.weaken 2.pessimistic 3.anticipated 4.abnormally 5.widespread 6.recognition 7.cooper- ate 8.phrased 9.cram 10.outstretched 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit2 Lessons in life