Unit 1 Face values 二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册期末词汇复习（外研版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第三册·外研版·Unit1 Facevalues.二 一、 重点单词详解 1:psychology 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.心理，心理过程 二、构词法 词根：psych-(心灵，精神)+-ology(学科)→研究心灵的学科→心理学 三、 词汇变形 形容词：psychological/.saka'lDd3k/(心理的；心理学的) 副词：psychologically/,sarke'lpd3rkli/(心理上地) 四、常见搭配 psychological problems(心理问题) psychological research（心理学研究) have a psychological effect on(对…产生心理影响) 五、重点辨析 psychology(n.心理学；心理)vs.mentality(n.心态；思维方式) She studies psychology at university.(她在大学学习心理学。) His mentality is very positive.(他的心态非常积极。) 2:comprehension 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.理解（力） 构词法 词根：com-（共同)+prehend(抓，握)+-sion(名词后缀)→共同抓住（意义）→理 解 三、 词汇变形 动词：comprehend/,kpmprI'hend/（理解；领悟) 形容词：comprehensible/,kvmpI'henssbl/(可理解的) 反义词：incomprehensible/,Inkompr'hensabl/(难以理解的) 四、常见搭配 reading comprehension(阅读理解) beyond comprehension(无法理解) develop comprehension skills(培养理解能力) 五、词性转换对比 She comprehends the passage easily.(她轻松理解了这篇文章。) Her comprehension of English is good.(她的英语理解力很好。) 3:predicament 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.尴尬的处境；困境 二、构词法 词根：pre-（在前)+dic-(说)+-ment(名词后缀)→预先说出（的困境）→窘境 三、常见搭配 in a predicament(陷入困境) face a predicament(面临窘境) solve a predicament(解决困境) 四、重点辨析 predicament(n.尴尬的困境)vs.dilemma(n.两难境地) He was in a predicament when he lost his keys.(他丢了钥匙，陷入了窘境。) She faced the dilemma of choosing between job and family..（她面临着工作与家庭之间的 两难选择。) 4:repulsive 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：adj.令人厌恶的；排斥的 二、构词法 词根：re-(反向)+pls(推)+ive(形容词后缀)→反向推的→令人反感的 三、 词汇变形 动词：repulse h'pls/(排斥；击退) 名词：repulsion/'pl(厌恶；排斥) 四、常见搭配 repulsive behavior(令人厌恶的行为) a repulsive smell(令人作呕的气味) feel repulsive towards(对…感到厌恶) 五、反义词 att虹ractive/a'traektrv/(有吸引力的) appealing/a'pilu/(吸引人的)》 5:melancholy 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、形容词（ad.) 核心义：n.忧郁，无名的伤感；adj.忧郁的 二、构词法 源自希腊语melas(黑)+chole(胆汁)→古代认为黑胆汁过多导致忧郁忧郁 三、词汇变形 副词：melancholically/meln'kolikli/(忧郁地) 四、常见搭配 a sense of melancholy(一种忧郁感) melancholy music(忧郁的音乐) feel melancholy about(因…感到忧郁) 五、词性转换 Her melancholy made everyone worried..(她的忧郁让所有人担心。) He looked at the sky with a melancholy expression.(他带着忧郁的表情望着天空。) 6:defect 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v.) 核心义：n.缺点，缺陷，毛病 二、构词法 词根：de-(向下)+fct(做)→做得不够好→缺陷 三、词汇变形 形容词：defective/dr'fektrv/(有缺陷的：有毛病的) 名词：defectiveness/dr'fektrvnes/(缺陷；不完美) 四、常见搭配 genetic defects(基因缺陷) defects in design(设计缺陷) correct defects(纠正缺陷) 五、词性转换对比 The product has a defect.(这个产品有一个缺陷。) He defected to the enemy.(他叛逃到了敌方。)（注意动词含义） 7:welfare 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.福利；帮助 二、 构词法 词根：well(好)+fare(生活；进展)→美好的生活→福利 三、词汇变形 形容词：welfare-oriented/welfea()'o:rientrd/(以福利为导向的) 四、常见搭配 social welfare(社会福利) welfare system(福利制度) on welfare(靠福利救济) 五、重点辨析 welfare(n.福利；救济)vs.benefit(n.利益；好处) The government provides welfare for the poor.(政府为穷人提供福利。) Regular exercise has many benefits.(定期锻炼有很多好处。) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The study of mind and behavior is known as_ A)psychology B)mentality C)comprehension D)welfare 2.Reading is an important skill for language learners. A)comprehension B)comprehend C)comprehensible D)in comprehension 3.The team faced a difficult when their funding was suddenly cut. A)defect B)predicament C)melancholy D)repulsion 4.The smell from the garbage was sothat no one could stand near it. A)attractive B)repulsive optCmelancholy D)psychological 5.She felt a deep sense ofafter hearing the sad news. A)welfare B)predicament C)melancholy D)comprehension 6.The_effects of stress on the body are well-documented in research A)psychology B)psychological C)psychologically D)mentality 7.It is beyondwhy he would quit such a good job. A)comprehension B)comprehend C)comprehensible D)in comprehension 8.The product was recalled due to ain its design. A)defect B)predicament C)welfare D)repulsion 9.The government has introduced new policies to improve social_ A)benefit B)welfare C)welfare-oriented D)comprehension 10.His_of the problem helped him find a quick solution. A)comprehend B)comprehension C)comprehensible D)in comprehension (二)根据提示补全句子(6题) 1.She has a good(comprehend)of advanced mathematics. 2.The patient's(psychology)state improved after therapy. 3.He looked at the old photo(melancholy),remembering his childhood. 4.The(defect)product was returned to the manufacturer. 5.The_(repulse)sight made her turn away immediately 6.The charity focuses on the(welfare)of homeless children. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The study of human behavior and mental processes is called p 2.Rcomprehension exercises can help students learn new vocabulary. 3.Lost in the forest with no phone,they were in a terrible p. 4.The rotten food gave off a r smell that filled the room. 5.After the failure,he fell into a state ofmfor weeks. 6.The company recalled all cars with a design d to ensure safety. 7.Social wprograms aim to support vulnerable groups in society 8.Her poor c_of the instructions led to many mistakes. 9.The medicine had a peffect on his mood,making him calmer. 10.It is hard to understand his mbehind such a risky decision. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AA BB C B AA BB 2.补全句子答案： 1.comprehension 2.psychological 3.melancholically 4.defective 5.repulsive 6.welfare 3.首字母填空答案： 1.psychology 2.Reading 3.predicament 4.repulsive 5.melancholy 6.defect 7.welfare 8. comprehension 9.psychological 10.mentality 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第三册·Unit 1 Face values二