精品解析：福建省厦门市第十中学2025-2026学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题

厦门十中2025级高一年第一学期英语科12月份测试卷 英语试题 满分150分 考试时间120分钟 班级：______ 姓名：______ 座号：______ 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. Who will come to the ball? A. Michelle. B. Karen. C. Lisa. 2. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Doctor and patient. C. Waitress and customer. 3. Where are the speakers most probably? A. At an office. B. At a restaurant. C. At a convenience store. 4. What are the speakers going to do at the beach? A. Enjoy the sunset. B. Take a walk. C. Attend a party. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Dale’s travel experience. B. The beautiful weather. C. The Statue of Liberty. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is Grace’s plan for tomorrow? A. Washing clothes. B. Visiting her uncle. C. Going to Disneyland. 7. Why does the man talk to Grace? A. To ask a favor. B. To express thanks. C. To extend an invitation. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the magazine about? A. Photography skills. B. Travel stories. C. Famous cities. 9. What does Alan plan to do for the magazine? A Write his personal travel experiences. B. Provide his daily life photos. C. Draw some pictures. 10. What does Alan want to be in the future? . A. A photographer. B. A tour guide. C. A writer. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does Emma usually do from 9:00 am to 10:30 am? A. She eats snacks. B. She plays outside. C. She watches cartoons. 12. When does Emma begin to take a nap? A. At 12:40 pm. B. At 1:15 pm. C. At 2:15 pm. 13. What is an essential requirement for the babysitter? A. Knowing CPR. B. Being fluent in English. C. Having some experience. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What does blue stand for in James’ design? A. Freedom. B. Courage. C. Peace 15. What does James think of Nadira Ganji’s design? A. Amazing. B. Awful. C. Simple. 16. What is the woman doing? A. Attending a lecture. B. Hosting a ceremony. C. Conducting an interview. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What will the tourists do this morning? A. Eat at the largest restaurant in Shanghai. B. Visit the tallest building in the world. C. Try the fastest elevator worldwide. 18. Where will the tourists go this afternoon? A. The Bund. B. Yu Garden. C. The Shanghai Tower. 19. How will the tourists get to Zhujiajiao Water Town? A. By bus. B. By boat. C. By train. 20. How long will the trip last? A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A More than just shelter for weary travelers, these lodges (乡间小屋) double as a base for adventurers to explore the surrounding wilderness. Puketui Forest Escape Best for: Couples world Enveloped in podocarp forest, Puketui feels a world away despite being a short drive from Taupō. Solar power keeps the lights on, water is sourced from a spring, and heating is fed by a comfortable, freestanding fireplace. Explore the forest via walking tracks, then walk to the house to stargaze. From NZ£ 108 a night. Awaroa Lodge Best for: Wifi-free Without wifi and phones or TV signals, you’ll have little to disturb you at Awaroa Lodge. Available only by hiking or water taxi, the lodge produces its own power and grows organic food for the restaurant: It also protects the national park’s wetlands for the return of white herons (白鹭) in 2020 after years of absence. From NZ£ 108 a night. Lake Moeraki Wilderness Lodge Best for: Wildlife spotting Wilderness Lodge at Lake Moeraki is surrounded by coastal rainforest and guests can join lessons in kayaking, stargaze and feed giant eels with recycled waste. The members at the lodge protect unique Tawaki penguins and run guided penguin-watching tours from July to December. From NZ £235, which includes breakfast, dinner, and twice-daily guided activities. Timber Trail Lodge Best for: Fresh forest air Timber Trail Lodge is fantastic for weary cyclists and hikers, with cosy lounges (休息室) flooded with natural light during the day and then lit by the glow of the fireplace by night. Nearly all power is solar, rainwater is harvested and profits are spent on trail conservation. From NZ £205 a night, with all meals. 1. How much will you at least pay for one-week stay in Awaroa Lodge? A. £1,456. B. £1,442. C. £1,435. D. £756. 2. Which place is most suitable for a wildlife lover? A. Lake Moeraki Wilderness Lodge. B. Awaroa Lodge. C. Puketui Forest Escape. D. Timber Trail Lodge. 3 What do the listed lodges have in common? A. Watersports. B. Organic food. C. Green lifestyle. D. Convenient transportation. B When I was a little boy, I always dreamed of becoming a doctor. My mother was an emergency room nurse, so I would often go to the hospital with her and watch her care for patients. When I was in high school and began taking biology, I realized how much I loved science and the idea of one day working with children. One experience that stands out to me was volunteering at a children’s hospital during my undergraduate years. I had the opportunity to work with children who had cancer and other life-threatening illnesses. These children had been through so much at such a young age, yet they were so brave and strong. I knew then that I wanted to help children like them. During my undergraduate years, I pursued my goal by majoring in biology and chemistry. These courses laid a solid groundwork in the sciences, which is necessary in the medical profession. In addition, I devoted time to shadowing pediatricians (儿科医生) and volunteering at clinics to gain a full understanding of the field. These experiences exposed me to the hands-on nature of pediatrics (儿科学) and the opportunity to assist families during challenging times. As I advanced in my studies, I developed a growing interest in the research aspect of medicine. I participated in multiple research projects, such as a study on childhood asthma (哮喘) and its correlation with academic performance. This involvement gave me insight into the significance of research in advancing our understanding of pediatric illnesses and their treatments. One of the aspects of pediatrics that I find most rewarding is the opportunity to build relationships with patients and their families. Children are not just patients; they are individuals with unique needs and personalities. As a pediatrician, I am responsible for understanding those needs and providing care tailored to each child. 4 What impressed the author most about the kids? A. Their optimism and patience. B. Their courage and toughness. C. Their kindness and curiosity. D. Their sincerity and cuteness. 5. What is implied in the author’s undergraduate years? A. He studied rare illnesses in kids. B. He published an academic paper. C. He combined learning and practice. D. He helped cure a child with asthma. 6. Why does the author find his job meaningful? A. He valued care between people. B. He could keep a youthful mind. C. He could hear kids’ laughter. D. He longed to try new things. 7. Which words can best describe the author? A. Considerate and modest. B. Observant and upright. C. Humorous and helpful. D. Determined and responsible. C In today’s busy world, lots of people often miss meals. Sometimes they do this on purpose. However, a new study shows that not having three regular meals a day might have a serious downside. This study surveyed 24,000 people. About three in ten of them usually ate two meals a day. The findings showed that younger people, and those with less education were more likely to miss meals. People who missed meals were also more likely to smoke more, drink more, eat less healthy food, snack more, and take in less energy overall. Compared to those who ate three meals regularly a day, participants (参与者) who ate one meal daily had a 30% higher risk of all-cause death and an 83% higher risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease (CVD) death. Those who ate two meals a day faced a 7% increased risk of all-cause death and a 10% higher risk of CVD death. Specifically, missing breakfast resulted in a 40% higher CVD death rate compared to those who didn’t. Missing lunch led to a 12% higher all-cause death risk, and not eating dinner brought a 16% higher risk. Interestingly, even people who ate all three meals but had them too close together faced risks. Eating two meals within 4.5 hours was also connected with a higher risk of death from all causes. While some think that intermittent (间歇的) fasting is good for us, the researchers hold that regular meals are important for the body to work well and stay healthy. 8. What does the new study find about missing meals? A. It is harmful to our health. B. It is a way to lose weight. C. It hardly attracts students. D. It saves people much time. 9. Which is the percentage of the participants eating two meals a day? A. 12%. B. About 30%. C. 40%. D. About 80%. 10. How does the author present the result of the study? A. By following time order. B. By describing goals. C. By explaining an idea. D. By listing numbers. 11. Which statement do the researchers probably agree with? A. Intermittent fasting works for all. B. Having dinner late sounds practical. C. Three well-timed meals matter to us. D. We can eat two meals close together. D Google Translate has improved significantly over the years. Initially, it relied on statistical machine translation (SMT), which analyzed many translated texts to predict the most likely translations. However, in recent years, Google has switched to neural (神经的) machine translation (NMT), which uses deep learning models to improve accuracy by understanding context rather than just individual words. The system works by translating entire sentences instead of translating word by word. This produces more natural-sounding results, especially for European languages, which share similar structures. However, for more complex language pairs, particularly those with major grammatical differences, the accuracy is lower. Several studies have been conducted to measure the accuracy of Google Translate, including research from the UCLA Medical Center. The results show that while the tool works well with commonly spoken languages, it has difficulty with complex sentence structures and less commonly translated texts. A study by Slator found that Google Translate’s accuracy largely depends on the specific language pairs. For example, translations between English and Spanish are often better than translations involving Asian or African languages, where grammatical structures and cultural differences are very different. Moreover, research from Smartling indicates that Google Translate is most suitable for basic communication rather than professional or legal translations. While it can provide a general idea of a text’s meaning, it often falls short of delivering correct translations for specialized fields like medicine, law, or marketing. Despite improvements, Google Translate is not free from errors. First, the tool sometimes translates phrases word-for-word, resulting in unnatural or incorrect meanings. Second, sentence structures may be incorrect, especially in non-European languages. Additionally, Google Translate has trouble with ambiguous (含糊的) words or cultural differences that require deeper understanding. AI translations often lose the meaning of phrases that are unique to a specific culture. 12. How does NMT differ from SMT? A. It takes advantage of big data. B. It focuses on structural changes. C. It gives diverse translation results. D. It stresses relations between lines. 13. What can be inferred from Google Translate-related studies? A. It works poorly for all non-European languages. B. Some language pairs produce better results than others. C. Its translations in legal fields are fully reliable. D. Cultural differences have little effect on translation. 14. What does the underlined phrase “falls short of” mean in paragraph 4? A. Try one’s best. B. Make a quick decision. C. Fail to meet the standard. D. Fall a very short distance. 15. What is an improvement direction for Google Translate? A. Fewer grammar mistakes. B. Unique user experiences. C. Quicker responses. D. Offline translation. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。 Boxing has been practiced for centuries — it was even one of the sports in the original Olympic Games in ancient Greece. ___16___ Hundreds of thousands of people from all walks of life participate in the sport every week. But why? The answer lies in the physical, mental and even social benefits boxing can bring. Its help for our body is clear. Whether it’s practicing with a punching (拳打) bag or facing an opponent in the ring, boxing can be an intense form of exercise and give a full-body workout. ___17___ And it can also increase anaerobic (无氧的) fitness — allowing someone to work out harder, for longer. These can, in turn, positively affect other aspects of physical well-being, like heart health and weight management. ___18___ Boxing can also positively affect someone’s mental well-being. Dr. Jessica Pinchbeck, Senior Lecturer in Sport and Fitness at the Open University, says that boxing can reduce some of the symptoms (症状) of anxiety and sadness. Exercising regularly is already widely known to be good for mental health, but boxing can also bring a sense of focus. And there is a third benefit to putting on boxing gloves. Practicing punches can be done alone, of course. ___19___ It also means working with others to train and stay safe. Dr. Gavin Williams, Senior Lecturer in Education at the Open University, says that this teamwork can create a sense of belonging. ___20___ A. It can improve our body strength. B. But boxing is not just a one-person activity. C. So the teamwork can make our society better. D. So boxing also strengthens a sense of group. E. More recently boxing has become popular in the UK. F. But the high demands of the sport aren’t just good for the body. G. It develops self-defense skills, helping build confidence to protect oneself. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Paul escaped White Island just minutes before the deadly eruption on the New Zealand island, but rather than ___21___ the danger, the hero turned his ___22___ around and raced straight back into the terrifying heart of the disaster. Paul was the first back on the island after the eruption. He ___23___ again and again, ignoring the ___24___ environment and personal risk, until he ensured there were no more obvious survivors ___25___ . After that, Paul took the immediate rescue actions, assisting ___26___ people back onto waiting boats. ___27___ , 13 people were rescued. Along with Paul, Mark Law also played an important role in the ___28___ . As a tour operator and helicopter pilot, he flew over, ___29___ where people were and found a place to land. He said, “A lot of people had clothes blown off and their burns were quite significant. Most of the folks were lying down or on their sides, some star-fished (四肢舒展开的), some sitting. No one was ____30____ . All I want to do is to make sure more people could survive with my ____31____ . ” “Paul and Mark step up and put their lives in danger,” said their mate Rick, who was moved by their ____32____ . As with most disasters there will be people, heroes if you will, who ____33____ like Paul and Mark. Sometimes the people will be the ones you expect, individuals with both strong mental and ____34____ strength. Other times it’s the ones you least expect who take ____35____ of a difficult situation to the benefit of all involved. 21. A. sensing B. avoiding C. preventing D. changing 22. A. motorcycle B. helicopter C. car D. boat 23. A. went back B. held back C. called back D. looked back 24. A. special B. noisy C. extreme D. enclosed 25. A. remaining B. running C. yelling D. hiding 26. A. frightened B. annoyed C. worried D. injured 27. A. Normally B. Finally C. Naturally D. Certainly 28. A. search B. activity C. rescue D. battle 29. A. tracked B. heard C. recorded D. spotted 30. A. lying B. talking C. standing D. crying 31. A. guidance B. efforts C. attempts D. inspiration 32. A. bravery B. honesty C. patience D. responsibility 33. A. come out B. show up C. stand out D. grow up 34. A. physical B. inner C. social D. spiritual 35. A. care B. control C. note D. picture 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 English has several chicken ___36___ (expression) that describe human ___37___ (behave). For example, if you are an early riser, we might say you wake up with the chickens. If you are ___38___ (frighten) of something, you might be called a chicken. And if you run around in a crazy way — or just very busy — you ___39___ (say) to be running around like a chicken with its head ___40___ (cut) off. But today we are going to explore ___41___ expression: “Your chickens have come home to roost.” with a little more meaning. For a chicken, to roost means to settle down for rest or sleep. But for us, the expression is not at all restful. When our chickens come home to roost it means that our past mistakes or wrongdoings have come back to cause us problems, ___42___ happened with a man named Alex. He was very good ___43___ one thing — lying. He ___44___ (lie) to people at work, to every woman he met, to his neighbors and even to his family. Then one day, he got into serious trouble with the police. He was accused of ____45____ (steal) from his workplace. And this time, no one came to help. After years of lying to people, his chickens had finally come home to roost. He was on his own. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 书面表达 (满分15分) 46. 上周你校邀请地震专家李教授来校做了有关地震防灾知识方面的讲座，请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.讲座的时间、地点；2. 讲座内容；3. 收获与感想。 注意： 1. 词数80词左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 概要写作 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Many couples who already have one healthy, happy child, are facing a dilemma（困境），that is, the issue of whether to have a second child or not. They have hard jobs and limited time and money, but they want to make sure that their only child does not become a lonely child. So, what are the advantages and disadvantages of having a second child? That is what so many couples are very much concerned about and eager to understand. One popular saying is that one child means a lonely child. That's why many single- child parents plan to have a second child. They feel guilty about their decision to have only one child because there are no other children in the family for their only child to play with, which may make the child feel lonely at times, especially during vacations. Another common argument against having just one child is that an only child may be more spoiled than one with brothers or sisters. If one couple have only one child, the child can't learn to share things with others and is less capable of getting along well with other children than one who grows up with brothers or sisters. However, in many parts of the world, more and more parents are still choosing not to have a second child because they argue that there are advantages for the child as well as the parents. With just one child, they suggest, there is little chance of family arguments concerned with children. Besides, as an only child in the family, the child can receive more quality time and attention. This often leads to increased self-respect and independence, which can lead to the child being more confident. Unluckily, there is no simple answer to the question of whether or not to have a second child. Every family is different, and what is suitable for one family may not be for another. The important thing, in the end, is to make a decision that both you and your spouse（配偶）feel confident about. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 厦门十中2025级高一年第一学期英语科12月份测试卷 英语试题 满分150分 考试时间120分钟 班级：______ 姓名：______ 座号：______ 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. Who will come to the ball? A. Michelle. B. Karen. C. Lisa. 2. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Doctor and patient. C. Waitress and customer. 3. Where are the speakers most probably? A. At an office. B. At a restaurant. C. At a convenience store. 4. What are the speakers going to do at the beach? A. Enjoy the sunset. B. Take a walk. C. Attend a party. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Dale’s travel experience. B. The beautiful weather. C. The Statue of Liberty. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is Grace’s plan for tomorrow? A. Washing clothes. B. Visiting her uncle. C. Going to Disneyland. 7. Why does the man talk to Grace? A. To ask a favor. B. To express thanks. C. To extend an invitation. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the magazine about? A. Photography skills. B. Travel stories. C. Famous cities. 9. What does Alan plan to do for the magazine? A. Write his personal travel experiences. B. Provide his daily life photos. C. Draw some pictures. 10. What does Alan want to be in the future? . A. A photographer. B. A tour guide. C. A writer. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does Emma usually do from 9:00 am to 10:30 am? A. She eats snacks. B. She plays outside. C. She watches cartoons. 12. When does Emma begin to take a nap? A. At 12:40 pm. B. At 1:15 pm. C. At 2:15 pm. 13. What is an essential requirement for the babysitter? A. Knowing CPR. B. Being fluent in English. C. Having some experience. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14 What does blue stand for in James’ design? A. Freedom. B. Courage. C. Peace 15. What does James think of Nadira Ganji’s design? A. Amazing. B. Awful. C. Simple. 16. What is the woman doing? A. Attending a lecture. B. Hosting a ceremony. C. Conducting an interview. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What will the tourists do this morning? A. Eat at the largest restaurant in Shanghai. B. Visit the tallest building in the world. C. Try the fastest elevator worldwide. 18. Where will the tourists go this afternoon? A. The Bund. B. Yu Garden. C. The Shanghai Tower. 19. How will the tourists get to Zhujiajiao Water Town? A. By bus. B. By boat. C. By train. 20. How long will the trip last? A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A More than just shelter for weary travelers, these lodges (乡间小屋) double as a base for adventurers to explore the surrounding wilderness. Puketui Forest Escape Best for: Couples world Enveloped in podocarp forest, Puketui feels a world away despite being a short drive from Taupō. Solar power keeps the lights on, water is sourced from a spring, and heating is fed by a comfortable, freestanding fireplace. Explore the forest via walking tracks, then walk to the house to stargaze. From NZ£ 108 a night. Awaroa Lodge Best for: Wifi-free Without wifi and phones or TV signals, you’ll have little to disturb you at Awaroa Lodge. Available only by hiking or water taxi, the lodge produces its own power and grows organic food for the restaurant: It also protects the national park’s wetlands for the return of white herons (白鹭) in 2020 after years of absence. From NZ£ 108 a night. Lake Moeraki Wilderness Lodge Best for: Wildlife spotting Wilderness Lodge at Lake Moeraki is surrounded by coastal rainforest and guests can join lessons in kayaking, stargaze and feed giant eels with recycled waste. The members at the lodge protect unique Tawaki penguins and run guided penguin-watching tours from July to December. From NZ £235, which includes breakfast, dinner, and twice-daily guided activities. Timber Trail Lodge Best for: Fresh forest air Timber Trail Lodge is fantastic for weary cyclists and hikers, with cosy lounges (休息室) flooded with natural light during the day and then lit by the glow of the fireplace by night. Nearly all power is solar, rainwater is harvested and profits are spent on trail conservation. From NZ £205 a night, with all meals. 1. How much will you at least pay for one-week stay in Awaroa Lodge? A. £1,456. B. £1,442. C. £1,435. D. £756. 2. Which place is most suitable for a wildlife lover? A. Lake Moeraki Wilderness Lodge. B. Awaroa Lodge. C. Puketui Forest Escape. D. Timber Trail Lodge. 3. What do the listed lodges have in common? A. Watersports. B. Organic food. C. Green lifestyle. D. Convenient transportation. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了新西兰四个不同乡间小屋或度假村的信息，包括各自的特色、环境、设施以及价格。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Awaroa Lodge部分“From NZ £108 a night.(每晚108新西兰元)”可知，在Awaroa Lodge住一周需要108×7=£756。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Lake Moeraki Wilderness Lodge部分“Best for: Wildlife spotting(适合人群：野生动物观察爱好者)”以及“Wilderness Lodge at Lake Moeraki is surrounded by coastal rainforest and guests can join lessons in kayaking, stargaze and feed giant eels with recycled waste. The members at the lodge protect unique Tawaki penguins and run guided penguin-watching tours from July to December.(莫拉基湖畔的荒野旅馆四周环绕着沿海雨林，客人可以参加皮划艇课程、观星活动以及用回收废弃物喂养巨型鳗鱼等活动。旅馆的成员们保护着独特的塔瓦基企鹅，并在每年7月至12月期间组织有导游陪同的企鹅观赏之旅)”可知，喜爱野生动物的人可以去Lake Moeraki Wilderness Lodge。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Puketui Forest Escape部分“Solar power keeps the lights on, water is sourced from a spring, and heating is fed by a comfortable, freestanding fireplace.(太阳能为房屋供电，泉水提供水源，舒适的独立壁炉则用于供暖)”；Awaroa Lodge部分中的“Without wifi and phones or TV signals, you’ll have little to disturb you at Awaroa Lodge. Available only by hiking or water taxi, the lodge produces its own power and grows organic food for the restaurant(在阿瓦罗亚旅馆，没有无线网络、电话信号或电视信号，所以您将不会受到任何干扰。该旅馆仅通过徒步或水上出租车到达，它自行生产电力，并为餐厅种植有机食品)”；Lake Moeraki Wilderness Lodge部分“Wilderness Lodge at Lake Moeraki is surrounded by coastal rainforest and guests can join lessons in kayaking, stargaze and feed giant eels with recycled waste.(莫拉基湖畔的“荒野旅馆”四周环绕着沿海雨林，客人可以参加皮划艇课程、观星活动以及用回收废弃物喂养巨型鳗鱼等项目)”以及Timber Trail Lodge部分“Nearly all power is solar, rainwater is harvested and profits are spent on trail conservation.(几乎所有的能源都是太阳能，雨水也被收集起来，所得利润则用于保护步道)”可知，这四个地方的共同之处在于其绿色环保的生活方式。故选C。 B When I was a little boy, I always dreamed of becoming a doctor. My mother was an emergency room nurse, so I would often go to the hospital with her and watch her care for patients. When I was in high school and began taking biology, I realized how much I loved science and the idea of one day working with children. One experience that stands out to me was volunteering at a children’s hospital during my undergraduate years. I had the opportunity to work with children who had cancer and other life-threatening illnesses. These children had been through so much at such a young age, yet they were so brave and strong. I knew then that I wanted to help children like them. During my undergraduate years, I pursued my goal by majoring in biology and chemistry. These courses laid a solid groundwork in the sciences, which is necessary in the medical profession. In addition, I devoted time to shadowing pediatricians (儿科医生) and volunteering at clinics to gain a full understanding of the field. These experiences exposed me to the hands-on nature of pediatrics (儿科学) and the opportunity to assist families during challenging times. As I advanced in my studies, I developed a growing interest in the research aspect of medicine. I participated in multiple research projects, such as a study on childhood asthma (哮喘) and its correlation with academic performance. This involvement gave me insight into the significance of research in advancing our understanding of pediatric illnesses and their treatments. One of the aspects of pediatrics that I find most rewarding is the opportunity to build relationships with patients and their families. Children are not just patients; they are individuals with unique needs and personalities. As a pediatrician, I am responsible for understanding those needs and providing care tailored to each child. 4. What impressed the author most about the kids? A. Their optimism and patience. B. Their courage and toughness. C. Their kindness and curiosity. D. Their sincerity and cuteness. 5. What is implied in the author’s undergraduate years? A. He studied rare illnesses in kids. B. He published an academic paper. C. He combined learning and practice. D. He helped cure a child with asthma. 6. Why does the author find his job meaningful? A. He valued care between people. B. He could keep a youthful mind. C. He could hear kids’ laughter. D. He longed to try new things. 7 Which words can best describe the author? A. Considerate and modest. B. Observant and upright. C. Humorous and helpful. D. Determined and responsible. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从童年受母亲影响立志成为医生，到本科阶段通过学习、实践和研究坚定儿科医生职业方向，并阐述了其认为儿科工作有意义的原因。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“These children had been through so much at such a young age, yet they were so brave and strong.(这些孩子在这么小的年纪就经历了这么多，但他们是如此勇敢和坚强)”可知，“勇敢和坚韧”是作者对孩子们最深刻的印象。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“During my undergraduate years, I pursued my goal by majoring in biology and chemistry.”和“In addition, I devoted time to shadowing pediatricians (儿科医生) and volunteering at clinics to gain a full understanding of the field.(在我的本科阶段，我追求我的目标，主修生物和化学。此外，我还花时间跟随儿科医生，在诊所做志愿者，以便对这个领域有充分的了解)”可推知，在本科阶段，作者将学习与实践结合。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“One of the aspects of pediatrics that I find most rewarding is the opportunity to build relationships with patients and their families.(我发现儿科最有价值的一个方面是有机会与患者及其家属建立关系)”和“As a pediatrician, I am responsible for understanding those needs and providing care tailored to each child.(作为一名儿科医生，我有责任了解这些需求，并为每个孩子提供量身定制的护理)”可知，作者认为在儿科工作中最有意义的是有机会与患者及其家人建立关系。他有责任了解这些需求，并为每个孩子提供量身定制的医疗服务。这表明，作者重视关怀以及人与人之间建立的关系。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“When I was in high school and began taking biology, I realized how much I loved science and the idea of one day working with children.(当我在高中开始学习生物时，我意识到我是多么热爱科学，以及有一天和孩子们一起工作的想法)”和三段中的“During my undergraduate years, I pursued my goal by majoring in biology and chemistry.”和“In addition, I devoted time to shadowing pediatricians (儿科医生) and volunteering at clinics to gain a full understanding of the field.(在我的本科阶段，我追求我的目标，主修生物和化学。此外，我还花时间跟随儿科医生，在诊所做志愿者，以便对这个领域有充分的了解)”可知，作者成为儿科医生的目标明确且意志坚定；根据最后一段中的“As a pediatrician, I am responsible for understanding those needs and providing care tailored to each child.(作为一名儿科医生，我有责任了解这些需求，并为每个孩子提供量身定制的护理)”可知，作者有责任心。故选D。 C In today’s busy world, lots of people often miss meals. Sometimes they do this on purpose. However, a new study shows that not having three regular meals a day might have a serious downside. This study surveyed 24,000 people. About three in ten of them usually ate two meals a day. The findings showed that younger people, and those with less education were more likely to miss meals. People who missed meals were also more likely to smoke more, drink more, eat less healthy food, snack more, and take in less energy overall. Compared to those who ate three meals regularly a day, participants (参与者) who ate one meal daily had a 30% higher risk of all-cause death and an 83% higher risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease (CVD) death. Those who ate two meals a day faced a 7% increased risk of all-cause death and a 10% higher risk of CVD death. Specifically, missing breakfast resulted in a 40% higher CVD death rate compared to those who didn’t. Missing lunch led to a 12% higher all-cause death risk, and not eating dinner brought a 16% higher risk. Interestingly, even people who ate all three meals but had them too close together faced risks. Eating two meals within 4.5 hours was also connected with a higher risk of death from all causes. While some think that intermittent (间歇的) fasting is good for us, the researchers hold that regular meals are important for the body to work well and stay healthy. 8. What does the new study find about missing meals? A. It is harmful to our health. B. It is a way to lose weight. C. It hardly attracts students. D. It saves people much time. 9. Which is the percentage of the participants eating two meals a day? A. 12%. B. About 30%. C. 40%. D. About 80%. 10. How does the author present the result of the study? A. By following time order. B. By describing goals. C. By explaining an idea. D. By listing numbers. 11. Which statement do the researchers probably agree with? A. Intermittent fasting works for all. B. Having dinner late sounds practical. C. Three well-timed meals matter to us. D. We can eat two meals close together. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究表明，跳餐会对健康产生严重的负面影响，研究人员强调规律三餐对健康的重要性。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, a new study shows that not having three regular meals a day might have a serious downside. (然而，一项新的研究表明，一日三餐不规律可能会有严重的负面影响)”和第三段中“Compared to those who ate three meals regularly a day, participants (参与者) who ate one meal daily had a 30% higher risk of all-cause death and an 83% higher risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease (CVD) death. (与每天规律吃三餐的人相比，每天吃一餐的人全因死亡的风险高出30%，患心血管疾病(CVD)死亡的风险高出83%)”可知，新研究发现，跳餐对健康有害。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This study surveyed 24,000 people. This study surveyed 24,000 people. About three in ten of them usually ate two meals a day. (这项研究调查了24000人。他们十个人里约有三个人通常每日两餐)”可知，约30%(=3÷10×100%)的参与者每日吃两餐。故选B项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Compared to those who ate three meals regularly a day, participants (参与者) who ate one meal daily had a 30% higher risk of all-cause death and an 83% higher risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease (CVD) death. Those who ate two meals a day faced a 7% increased risk of all-cause death and a 10% higher risk of CVD death. Specifically, missing breakfast resulted in a 40% higher CVD death rate compared to those who didn’t. Missing lunch led to a 12% higher all-cause death risk, and not eating dinner brought a 16% higher risk. (与每天规律吃三餐的人相比，每天吃一餐的人全因死亡的风险高出30%，患心血管疾病(CVD)死亡的风险高出83%。每天吃两餐的人全因死亡风险增加7%，心血管疾病死亡风险增加10%。具体来说，与吃早餐的人相比，不吃早餐者的心血管疾病死亡率高出40%。不吃午餐导致全因死亡风险增加12%，不吃晚餐导致全因死亡风险增加16%)”可知，作者通过列举数据呈现研究结果。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While some think that intermittent (间歇的) fasting is good for us, the researchers hold that regular meals are important for the body to work well and stay healthy. (虽然有些人认为间歇性禁食对我们有好处，但研究人员认为，有规律的饮食对身体的正常运转和保持健康很重要)”可知，即使间歇性断食流行，三餐的间隔时间也需合理。因此，研究者支持的是“三顿适时的餐食对健康至关重要”的观点。故选C项。 D Google Translate has improved significantly over the years. Initially, it relied on statistical machine translation (SMT), which analyzed many translated texts to predict the most likely translations. However, in recent years, Google has switched to neural (神经的) machine translation (NMT), which uses deep learning models to improve accuracy by understanding context rather than just individual words. The system works by translating entire sentences instead of translating word by word. This produces more natural-sounding results, especially for European languages, which share similar structures. However, for more complex language pairs, particularly those with major grammatical differences, the accuracy is lower. Several studies have been conducted to measure the accuracy of Google Translate, including research from the UCLA Medical Center. The results show that while the tool works well with commonly spoken languages, it has difficulty with complex sentence structures and less commonly translated texts. A study by Slator found that Google Translate’s accuracy largely depends on the specific language pairs. For example, translations between English and Spanish are often better than translations involving Asian or African languages, where grammatical structures and cultural differences are very different. Moreover, research from Smartling indicates that Google Translate is most suitable for basic communication rather than professional or legal translations. While it can provide a general idea of a text’s meaning, it often falls short of delivering correct translations for specialized fields like medicine, law, or marketing. Despite improvements, Google Translate is not free from errors. First, the tool sometimes translates phrases word-for-word, resulting in unnatural or incorrect meanings. Second, sentence structures may be incorrect, especially in non-European languages. Additionally, Google Translate has trouble with ambiguous (含糊的) words or cultural differences that require deeper understanding. AI translations often lose the meaning of phrases that are unique to a specific culture. 12. How does NMT differ from SMT? A. It takes advantage of big data. B. It focuses on structural changes. C. It gives diverse translation results. D. It stresses relations between lines. 13. What can be inferred from Google Translate-related studies? A. It works poorly for all non-European languages. B. Some language pairs produce better results than others. C. Its translations in legal fields are fully reliable. D. Cultural differences have little effect on translation. 14. What does the underlined phrase “falls short of” mean in paragraph 4? A. Try one’s best. B. Make a quick decision. C. Fail to meet the standard. D. Fall a very short distance. 15. What is an improvement direction for Google Translate? A. Fewer grammar mistakes. B. Unique user experiences. C. Quicker responses. D. Offline translation. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了谷歌翻译从统计机器翻译到神经机器翻译的发展，分析了其工作方式、不同语言对的翻译表现、适用场景及现存问题（如语法错误、文化差异处理不足等）。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Initially, it relied on statistical machine translation (SMT), which analyzed many translated texts to predict the most likely translations. However, in recent years, Google has switched to neural (神经的) machine translation (NMT), which uses deep learning models to improve accuracy by understanding context rather than just individual words.(最初，它依赖统计机器翻译（SMT），这种翻译方式会分析大量已翻译文本以预测最可能的译文。然而，近年来，谷歌转向了神经机器翻译（NMT），它使用深度学习模型，通过理解语境而非仅关注单个单词来提高准确性。)”可知，NMT与SMT的区别在于NMT注重理解语境，而非SMT仅依赖文本分析。故选D项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A study by Slator found that Google Translate’s accuracy largely depends on the specific language pairs. For example, translations between English and Spanish are often better than translations involving Asian or African languages, where grammatical structures and cultural differences are very different.(Slator的一项研究发现，谷歌翻译的准确性在很大程度上取决于特定的语言组合。例如，英语和西班牙语之间的翻译通常比涉及亚洲或非洲语言的翻译效果更好，因为这些语言的语法结构和文化差异非常大。)”可知，不同语言组合的翻译效果存在差异，部分语言组合的翻译结果优于其他组合。故选B项。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Moreover, research from Smartling indicates that Google Translate is most suitable for basic communication rather than professional or legal translations. While it can provide a general idea of a text’s meaning, it often falls short of delivering correct translations for specialized fields like medicine, law, or marketing.(此外，来自Smartling的研究表明，谷歌翻译最适合基础交流，而非专业或法律领域的翻译。虽然它能让人了解文本的大致意思，但在医学、法律或营销等专业领域，它往往______提供准确的译文。)”可知，前文明确谷歌翻译不适合专业领域，且“while”表转折，强调其在基础交流中能发挥作用，但在专业领域无法达到“提供准确译文”的要求，结合语境可推断，“falls short of”表达“无法达到某种标准或要求”的含义。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Despite improvements, Google Translate is not free from errors. First, the tool sometimes translates phrases word-for-word, resulting in unnatural or incorrect meanings. Second, sentence structures may be incorrect, especially in non-European languages. Additionally, Google Translate has trouble with ambiguous (含糊的) words or cultural differences that require deeper understanding.(尽管有所改进，谷歌翻译仍存在错误。首先，该工具有时会逐字翻译短语，导致意思不自然或不正确。其次，句子结构可能不正确，尤其是在非欧洲语言的翻译中。此外，谷歌翻译在处理需要深入理解的含糊单词或文化差异时存在困难。)”可知，谷歌翻译当前存在句子结构错误（语法错误）等问题，因此减少语法错误是其重要的改进方向，选项中“Fewer grammar mistakes”（更少的语法错误）与原文中“sentence structures may be incorrect”（句子结构可能不正确）的问题直接对应。故选A项。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。 Boxing has been practiced for centuries — it was even one of the sports in the original Olympic Games in ancient Greece. ___16___ Hundreds of thousands of people from all walks of life participate in the sport every week. But why? The answer lies in the physical, mental and even social benefits boxing can bring. Its help for our body is clear. Whether it’s practicing with a punching (拳打) bag or facing an opponent in the ring, boxing can be an intense form of exercise and give a full-body workout. ___17___ And it can also increase anaerobic (无氧的) fitness — allowing someone to work out harder, for longer. These can, in turn, positively affect other aspects of physical well-being, like heart health and weight management. ___18___ Boxing can also positively affect someone’s mental well-being. Dr. Jessica Pinchbeck, Senior Lecturer in Sport and Fitness at the Open University, says that boxing can reduce some of the symptoms (症状) of anxiety and sadness. Exercising regularly is already widely known to be good for mental health, but boxing can also bring a sense of focus. And there is a third benefit to putting on boxing gloves. Practicing punches can be done alone, of course. ___19___ It also means working with others to train and stay safe. Dr. Gavin Williams, Senior Lecturer in Education at the Open University, says that this teamwork can create a sense of belonging. ___20___ A. It can improve our body strength. B. But boxing is not just a one-person activity. C. So the teamwork can make our society better. D. So boxing also strengthens a sense of group. E. More recently, boxing has become popular in the UK. F. But the high demands of the sport aren’t just good for the body. G. It develops self-defense skills, helping build confidence to protect oneself. 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. F 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拳击的历史及现状，从身体、心理和社交三个维度深入剖析了拳击的好处。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Boxing has been practiced for centuries — it was even one of the sports in the original Olympic Games in ancient Greece.(拳击这项运动已经存在了数个世纪——它甚至曾是古希腊第一届奥运会的参赛项目之一)”以及后文“Hundreds of thousands of people from all walks of life participate in the sport every week. But why? The answer lies in the physical, mental and even social benefits boxing can bring.(每周都有成千上万来自各行各业的人参与这项运动。但为什么呢？答案在于拳击运动所能带来的身体、心理乃至社交方面的诸多益处)”可知，空前提到拳击有数百年历史，空后提到每周有数十万人参与其中。由此可推知，设空处既要承接空前提到的拳击的历史，又要引出空后拳击的现状。E项与此相关，该项中的“More recently”衔接拳击的历史与现状，且其中的“become popular in the UK”与空后每周有数十万人参与拳击的现状相呼应。故E选项“最近，拳击在英国也变得流行起来”符合语境，故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Its help for our body is clear. Whether it’s practicing with a punching (拳打) bag or facing an opponent in the ring, boxing can be an intense form of exercise and give a full-body workout.(它对我们身体的益处是显而易见的。无论是使用沙袋进行练习，还是在拳击台上与对手对抗，拳击都是一种高强度的锻炼方式，能让我们全身得到锻炼)”以及后文“And it can also increase anaerobic (无氧的) fitness — allowing someone to work out harder, for longer. These can, in turn, positively affect other aspects of physical well-being, like heart health and weight management.(而且它还能提高无氧运动能力——使人们能够更努力地锻炼，持续时间也更长。这些效果反过来又会对身体健康的其他方面产生积极影响，比如心脏健康和体重管理)”可知，空前提到拳击对身体的好处显而易见，空后提到拳击还会提高无氧适应性。由此可推知，设空处应该也是拳击对身体的好处的举例说明，并与空后内容为并列关系。A项与此相关，该项中的“can improve our body strength”与空后的“can also increase anaerobic fitness”构成并列关系，都是拳击对身体的好处的举例说明。故A选项“它能够增强我们的身体力量”符合语境，故选A。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Boxing can also positively affect someone’s mental well-being. Dr. Jessica Pinchbeck, Senior Lecturer in Sport and Fitness at the Open University, says that boxing can reduce some of the symptoms (症状) of anxiety and sadness. Exercising regularly is already widely known to be good for mental health, but boxing can also bring a sense of focus.(拳击运动还能对人的心理健康产生积极影响。开放大学体育与健身专业的高级讲师杰西卡·平奇贝克博士表示，拳击能够缓解一些焦虑和抑郁的症状。定期锻炼已众所周知对心理健康有益，而拳击还能让人集中注意力)”可知，空后提到拳击对心理健康的益处，设空处要点明本段拳击对心理健康有益处的主旨。F项与此相关，该项中的“But”将拳击对身体的益处过渡到下文对心理健康的益处，其中的“aren’t just good for the body”与空后的“positively affect someone’s mental well-being”衔接紧密，形成递进关系，共同点明本段主旨。故F选项“但这项运动的高要求不仅对身体有益”符合语境，故选F。 【19题详解】 根据上文“And there is a third benefit to putting on boxing gloves. Practicing punches can be done alone, of course.(而且戴上拳击手套还有第三个好处。当然，练习出拳动作是完全可以独自进行的)”以及后文“It also means working with others to train and stay safe. Dr. Gavin Williams, Senior Lecturer in Education at the Open University, says that this teamwork can create a sense of belonging.(这还意味着要与他人合作，共同进行训练并确保自身安全。开放大学教育学高级讲师加文·威廉姆斯博士表示，这种团队合作能够营造出归属感)”可知，空前提到可独自练习拳击，空后强调拳击需要与他人合作训练，前后内容形成转折关系，且后文肯定了社交和团队协作的重要性。由此可推知，设空处既要表明前后内容的转折关系，又要表明拳击对社交的好处。B项与此相关，该项中的“But”表转折，否定拳击仅为个人活动，自然引出后文对拳击的社交益处的介绍。故B选项“但拳击并非只是个人的活动”符合语境，故选B。 【20题详解】 根据上文“It also means working with others to train and stay safe. Dr. Gavin Williams, Senior Lecturer in Education at the Open University, says that this teamwork can create a sense of belonging.(这还意味着要与他人合作，共同进行训练并确保自身安全。开放大学教育学高级讲师加文·威廉姆斯博士表示，这种团队合作能够营造出归属感)”可知，本段强调拳击带来的社交益处，且空前提到了团队合作可以产生一种归属感。由此可推知，设空处既要总结本段主旨，又要与空前提到的拳击带来社交的归属感相呼应。D项与此相关, 该项以“So”开头总结本段主旨, 其中的“a sense of group”与空前“a sense of belonging”形成语义上的呼应, 完成社交层面的结论闭环。故D选项“所以拳击还能增强集体意识”符合语境，故选D。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Paul escaped White Island just minutes before the deadly eruption on the New Zealand island, but rather than ___21___ the danger, the hero turned his ___22___ around and raced straight back into the terrifying heart of the disaster. Paul was the first back on the island after the eruption. He ___23___ again and again, ignoring the ___24___ environment and personal risk, until he ensured there were no more obvious survivors ___25___ . After that, Paul took the immediate rescue actions, assisting ___26___ people back onto waiting boats. ___27___ , 13 people were rescued. Along with Paul, Mark Law also played an important role in the ___28___ . As a tour operator and helicopter pilot, he flew over, ___29___ where people were and found a place to land. He said, “A lot of people had clothes blown off and their burns were quite significant. Most of the folks were lying down or on their sides, some star-fished (四肢舒展开的), some sitting. No one was ____30____ . All I want to do is to make sure more people could survive with my ____31____ . ” “Paul and Mark step up and put their lives in danger,” said their mate Rick, who was moved by their ____32____ . As with most disasters there will be people, heroes if you will, who ____33____ like Paul and Mark. Sometimes the people will be the ones you expect, individuals with both strong mental and ____34____ strength. Other times it’s the ones you least expect who take ____35____ of a difficult situation to the benefit of all involved. 21. A. sensing B. avoiding C. preventing D. changing 22. A. motorcycle B. helicopter C. car D. boat 23. A. went back B. held back C. called back D. looked back 24. A. special B. noisy C. extreme D. enclosed 25. A. remaining B. running C. yelling D. hiding 26. A. frightened B. annoyed C. worried D. injured 27. A. Normally B. Finally C. Naturally D. Certainly 28. A. search B. activity C. rescue D. battle 29. A. tracked B. heard C. recorded D. spotted 30. A. lying B. talking C. standing D. crying 31. A. guidance B. efforts C. attempts D. inspiration 32. A. bravery B. honesty C. patience D. responsibility 33. A. come out B. show up C. stand out D. grow up 34. A. physical B. inner C. social D. spiritual 35. A. care B. control C. note D. picture 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Paul和Mark在新西兰白岛火山爆发时的英勇救援行为，展现了他们在灾难面前的勇敢和无私。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：保罗在新西兰怀特岛致命喷发前几分钟逃了出来，但他并没有避开危险，而是掉转船头，径直驶回灾难的核心。A. sensing感觉；B. avoiding避免；C. preventing防止；D. changing改变。根据下文“raced straight back into the terrifying heart of the disaster.”可知，保罗返回了灾区，可推理出他并没有避开危险，故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同第1题。A. motorcycle摩托车；B. helicopter直升机；C. car汽车；D. boat船。根据下文“back onto waiting boats”可知下文提到了船，可推理出保罗是调转船头。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他一次又一次地返回，无视恶劣的环境和个人风险，直到他确保没有更多的明显剩余的幸存者为止。A. went back回去；B. held back抑制；C. called back召回；D. looked back回顾。根据下文“until he ensured there were no more obvious survivors”可知下文提到了直到他确保没有更多的幸存者为止，可推理出保罗一次又一次地返回灾区。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同第3题。A. special特别的；B. noisy嘈杂的；C. extreme极端的；D. enclosed封闭的。根据上文“the deadly eruption on the New Zealand island”可知上文说的是新西兰白岛火山爆发，可推理出此处说的是灾区的环境非常恶劣。故选C项。 25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同第3题。A. remaining剩余；B. running跑；C. yelling喊叫；D. hiding隐藏。根据上文“until he ensured there were no more obvious survivors”可知上文提到了直到他确保没有更多的幸存者为止，可推理出空白处应填表示“剩余的”含义的表达。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：之后，保罗采取了立即的救援行动，协助受伤的人回到等待的船上。A. frightened害怕的；B. annoyed生气的；C. worried担心的；D. injured受伤的。根据下文“A lot of people had clothes blown off and their burns were quite significant”可知，Paul是在协助受伤的人，故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，13人获救。A. Normally正常地；B. Finally最终；C. Naturally自然地；D. Certainly当然。根据下文“13 people were rescued”可知下文说的是救援结果，可推理出此处表示最终的救援结果。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了保罗，马克·劳也在救援中发挥了重要作用。A. search搜索；B. activity活动；C. rescue救援；D. battle战斗。根据上文“After that, Paul took the immediate rescue actions”可知上文说的是救援行动，可推理出马克·劳在救援中发挥了重要作用。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名旅游运营商和直升机飞行员，他飞过岛上空，发现了人们的位置，并找到了一个降落的地方。A. tracked跟踪；B. heard听到；C. recorded记录；D. spotted发现。根据下文“where people were and found a place to land.”可知，马克·劳发现了人们的位置。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人是站着的。A. lying躺；B. talking说话；C. standing站立；D. crying哭泣。根据上文“Most of the folks were lying down or on their sides, some star-fished, some sitting.”可知上文说的是大多数人躺着或侧身，有的呈大字形，有的坐着，可推理出此处说的是没有人是站着的。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只想确保更多的人在我的努力下能够生存下来。A. guidance指导；B. efforts努力；C. attempts尝试；D. inspiration灵感。根据上文“Mark Law also played an important role”可知，马克·劳也在救援中起了重要作用，可推理出马克·劳希望通过自己的努力拯救更多的人。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“保罗和马克挺身而出，冒着生命危险，”他们的同伴瑞克说，他被他们的勇敢所感动。A. bravery勇敢；B. honesty诚实；C. patience耐心；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“Paul and Mark step up and put their lives in danger”可知保罗和马克站出来，把他们的生命置于危险之中，可推理出瑞克被保罗和马克的勇敢所感动。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：正如大多数灾难一样，总会有一些人，像保罗和马克这样的英雄，脱颖而出。A. come out出来；B. show up出现；C. stand out脱颖而出；D. grow up成长。根据上文“Paul and Mark step up and put their lives in danger” 可知保罗和马克站出来，把他们的生命置于危险之中，可推理出此处说的是保罗和马克在灾难中脱颖而出。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，这些英雄是你预料到的人，他们既有坚强的精神，也有强壮的体魄。A. physical身体的；B. inner内心的；C. social社会的；D. spiritual精神的。根据上文“individuals with both strong mental”可知上文说的是既有坚强的精神的人，可推理出此处表示强壮的体魄的人。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他时候，是你最意想不到的人，在困难的情况下，掌控局面，使所有涉及的人都受益。A. care关心；B. control控制；C. note笔记；D. picture图片。根据下文“a difficult situation”可知下文说的是困难的情况，可推理出这些人能够在困难的情况下掌控局面。故选B项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 English has several chicken ___36___ (expression) that describe human ___37___ (behave). For example if you are an early riser, we might say you wake up with the chickens. If you are ___38___ (frighten) of something, you might be called a chicken. And if you run around in a crazy way — or just very busy — you ___39___ (say) to be running around like a chicken with its head ___40___ (cut) off. But today we are going to explore ___41___ expression: “Your chickens have come home to roost.” with a little more meaning. For a chicken, to roost means to settle down for rest or sleep. But for us, the expression is not at all restful. When our chickens come home to roost it means that our past mistakes or wrongdoings have come back to cause us problems, ___42___ happened with a man named Alex. He was very good ___43___ one thing — lying. He ___44___ (lie) to people at work, to every woman he met, to his neighbors and even to his family. Then one day, he got into serious trouble with the police. He was accused of ____45____ (steal) from his workplace. And this time, no one came to help. After years of lying to people, his chickens had finally come home to roost. He was on his own. 【答案】36. expressions 37. behavior 38. frightened 39. are said 40. cut 41. an 42. which 43. at 44. lied 45. stealing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语中几个以“鸡（chicken）”为喻体的习语，并重点解析了“自食恶果（Your chickens have come home to roost）”的含义。 【36题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：英语中有几个与“鸡（chicken）”有关的表达，用来描述人类行为。空处作has的宾语，空前有several“若干”修饰，需用可数名词expression“表达”的复数形式。故填expressions。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。空处作describe的宾语，被human修饰，名词behavior符合题意，意为“行为”，是不可数名词。故填behavior。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如果你对某事感到害怕，你可能会被称为“胆小鬼（chicken）”。空处作表语，描述主语的心理感受，应用-ed结尾的形容词frightened，意为“害怕的”。故填frightened。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：如果你疯狂地四处奔波——或者只是很忙——人们会说你像只无头苍蝇一样跑来跑去。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，say“说”和主语you之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是you，be动词应用are。故填are said。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处用了with的复合结构，空处作宾语补足语，cut off“切断”和its head逻辑上是被动关系，且“切断”的行为已完成，因此用cut过去分词形式。故填cut。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：但今天我们要探讨一个更有深意的表达：“自食恶果”。空处表示泛指，意为“一个更有深意的表达”，应用不定冠词，且expression的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当我们“自食恶果”时，这意味着我们过去的错误或恶行终于回来困扰我们了，这是一个叫Alex的男人的遭遇。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：他擅长一件事——撒谎。结合空后的“one thing”可知，固定搭配be good at“擅长……”符合题意。故填at。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他对同事撒谎，对遇到的每个女性撒谎，对邻居甚至家人撒谎。空处作句子的谓语，此处在叙述发生在Alex身上的事，结合后文met可知事情发生在过去，时态应用一般过去时，因此用lie“说谎”的过去式lied。故填lied。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他被指控从工作场所盗窃。短语be accused of doing意为“被指控做某事”，空处应用steal“偷窃，盗窃”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填stealing。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 书面表达 (满分15分) 46. 上周你校邀请地震专家李教授来校做了有关地震防灾知识方面的讲座，请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.讲座的时间、地点；2. 讲座内容；3. 收获与感想。 注意： 1. 词数80词左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A Lecture on Earthquake Prevention Last week, our school invited Professor Li, an earthquake expert, to give a lecture on earthquake prevention knowledge. The lecture took place in the school hall at 3:00 p.m. last Friday. Professor Li introduced the causes and types of earthquakes, and then focused on how to prevent and deal with earthquakes. He also demonstrated some practical self-help skills, such as how to take cover during an earthquake and how to evacuate safely. The lecture was very informative and practical. We not only learned a lot of knowledge about earthquakes, but also improved our awareness of self-protection. We all felt that this lecture was very meaningful and helpful. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道。要求考生为校英文报写一篇关于地震专家李教授来校做讲座的报道，包括讲座的时间、地点、内容以及收获与感想。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 专家：expert → specialist 原因：cause → reason 专注于：focus on → concentrate on 撤离：evacuate → withdraw 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The lecture was very informative and practical. 拓展句：The lecture, which was given by Professor Li, was very informative and practical. 【点睛】[高分句型1] We not only learned a lot of knowledge about earthquakes, but also improved our awareness of self-protection. (运用了not only…but also…结构) [高分句型2] We all felt that this lecture was very meaningful and helpful. (运用了连词that引导的宾语从句作felt的宾语) 第二节 概要写作 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Many couples who already have one healthy, happy child, are facing a dilemma（困境），that is, the issue of whether to have a second child or not. They have hard jobs and limited time and money, but they want to make sure that their only child does not become a lonely child. So, what are the advantages and disadvantages of having a second child? That is what so many couples are very much concerned about and eager to understand. One popular saying is that one child means a lonely child. That's why many single- child parents plan to have a second child. They feel guilty about their decision to have only one child, because there are no other children in the family for their only child to play with, which may make the child feel lonely at times, especially during vacations. Another common argument against having just one child is that an only child may be more spoiled than one with brothers or sisters. If one couple have only one child, the child can't learn to share things with others and is less capable of getting along well with other children than one who grows up with brothers or sisters. However, in many parts of the world, more and more parents are still choosing not to have a second child because they argue that there are advantages for the child as well as the parents. With just one child, they suggest, there is little chance of family arguments concerned with children. Besides, as an only child in the family, the child can receive more quality time and attention. This often leads to increased self-respect and independence, which can lead to the child being more confident. Unluckily, there is no simple answer to the question of whether or not to have a second child. Every family is different, and what is suitable for one family may not be for another. The important thing, in the end, is to make a decision that both you and your spouse（配偶）feel confident about. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文l】 Whether to have a second child puzzle many couples. Some believe it means being no longer lonely and helps their children learn to share and become sociable. However. Having one child will let the child become more independent and confident due to more quality life and attention to the child. Of course, it’s decided by the couples. 【参考范文 2】 Opinions are divided as for whether to have a second child. To avoid their child being lonely and spoiled, many couples prefer to have a second child. But still more people would rather choose not to do so because it might increase family problems and “more children” means “less quality time and attention”, which in turn makes them less confident and self-respectful. Anyhow, it’s important to make the decision by the parents themselves. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文的概要写作。议论文一般都有论点、论据、论证，同学们只要把文章的结构理清楚了，写这篇概要写作就容易很多。 【详解】第一步：阅读文本，分析文章的写作结构。第一段提出文章议论的主题：what are the advantages and disadvantages of having a second child?（有二孩的好处和坏处有什么？）；第二段第三段论述的是有二孩的好处；第四段论述的是没有二孩的好处，最后一段表明结论：是否要二孩没有固定的答案，最重要的是夫妻双方做出适合自己的决定。 第二步：确定内容摘要的写作结构。第一句话点名主题，第二句写要二孩的好处（总结第二段与第三段），第三句写没有二孩的好处，最后一句总结文章中的结论。 第三步：列提纲 （重点词组） puzzle（使困惑）；being no longer lonely（不再孤单）；help… learn to share（帮……学会分享）；become sociable（变得善于交际）；become more independent and confident（变得更加独立和自信）；due to（由于）；be decided by…（被……决定）等。 第四步：遣词造句：同学们在写作时不能逐句翻译，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，同时要点表述要完整，文章要通顺，准确使用时态和语态。 第五步：连句成文：写作时要适当使用连词、过渡词和插入语，使文章浑然一体。同时恰当而合理地使用一些高级词汇和句型，如定语从句等，以提高文章档次。 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多句式，如：第一句使用了whether引导的主语从句；第二句使用了宾语从句；第三句使用了动名词作主语与表示原因的介词短语due to。此外本文还使用了一些高级词汇，puzzle；being no longer lonely；help… learn to share；become sociable；become more independent and confident（变得更加独立和自信）；due to；be decided by…等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $