Unit 2 Friendship 一-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册期末词汇复习（冀教版）

期末词汇复习 必修1·冀教版·Unit2 Friendship 一、重点单词详解 1:apologize 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.道歉：谢罪 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：apology/a'pDlad3i/(n.道歉；谢罪) 形容词：apologetic/a,pola'd3etk/（adj.道歉的；愧疚的) 副词：apologetically/,ppla'd3 etkli//(adv.道歉地；愧疚地) 三、用法与常见搭配 apologize to sb.for sth.(因某事向某人道歉) apologize for doing sth.(因做某事道歉) offer/make an apology to sb.(向某人道歉) accept/refuse an apology(接受/拒绝道歉) 四、拓展用法 apologize为不及物动词，后不可直接接宾语，需加介词to/for 五、作文高级句型 If you make a mistake,it is important to apologize sincerely,as a genuine apology can help repair relationships. 2:passive 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad.) 核心义：adj.消极的；被动的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：passivity /pae'srvati/(n.被动性；消极态度) 反义词：active/ektv/(adj.积极的；主动的) 副词：passively'paesrvli/(adv.被动地；消极地) 三、用法与常见搭配 passive voice(（被动语态) passive attitude(消极态度) be passive in..(在…方面消极) take a passive role(扮演被动角色) 四、拓展用法 passive可用于描述语态、态度、行为等，反义词active在语法和语义上均对应使用 五、作文高级句型 Instead of taking a passive approach to challenges,we should try to face them actively. 3:remind 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.提醒：使想起 、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：reminder'marnde(r)/(n.提醒物；提示) 形容词：reminding /u'mand/(ad.提醒的；使人想起的) 三、用法与常见搭配 remind sb.of sth.(使某人想起某事) remind sb.to do sth.(提醒某人做某事) remind sb.that.（提醒某人…) send/give a reminder(发出/给出提醒) 四、拓展用法 1 emind后接双宾语时，常用介词of引出被想起的内容，接不定式表示提醒做某事 五、作文高级句型 The old photograph reminds me of the happy days I spent with my friends in my childhood. 4:explore 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.探索；探究；勘探 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：exploration/,eksple'rer/(n.探索；勘探) 名词：explorer /Ik'splo:ro()/(n.探险家；探索者) 形容词：exploratory /ik'splpratri/（adj.探索性的；探究的) 三、用法与常见搭配 explore a place(探索一个地方) explore possibilities(探究可能性) explore the cause of..(探究…的原因) space exploration(太空探索) 四、拓展用法 explore可用于具体地点的勘探，也可用于抽象事物的探究，如问题、理论等 五、作文高级句型 Scientists are constantly exploring new ways to solve environmental problems. 5:original 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.有独创性的；原来的；起初的 、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：origin/pd3/(n.起源；出身) 副词：originally /a'd3nali/(adv.最初；本来) 名词：originality/a,rd33'naeloti/(n.独创性；创意) 三、用法与常见搭配 original idea(独到的想法) original plan（最初的计划) in the original(原文的；原版的) original work(原创作品) 四、拓展用法 original作”原来的”讲时，反义词为copied/reproduced;.作”有独创性的”讲时，近义词 为creative 五、作文高级句型 To succeed in art,one needs to have original ideas and the courage to express them. 6:stress 、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v) 核心义：n.压力；重读v.强调；重读 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：stressful/stresfl/(ad.充满压力的：紧张的) 形容词：stressed/strest/(adj.感到有压力的；紧张的) 副词：stressfully/stresfali/(adv.紧张地：有压力地) 三、用法与常见搭配 under stress(处于压力之下) stress the importance of..(强调…的重要性) reduce/.ease stress(减轻压力) lay/put stress on..（强调…；重视…) 四、拓展用法 sss作名词”压力”时不可数，作”重读”时可数：作动词”强调”时，可接名词、从句 或hat从句 五、作文高级句型 It is important to learn how to manage stress in our daily life to maintain physical and mental health 7:generous 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.慷慨的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：generosity/,d3ens'pseti/(n.慷慨；大方) 副词：generously/d3 enorasli/(adv.慷慨地；大方地) 反义词：stingy/'stmd3i/(adj.吝啬的；小气的) 三、用法与常见搭配 be generous with sth.(在某方面慷慨) be generous to sb.(对某人慷慨) generous donation(慷慨的捐赠) generous help(慷慨的帮助) 四、拓展用法 generous可用于描述人、行为、捐赠等，其名词generosity为不可数名词 五、作文高级句型 A generous person is always willing to help others,which makes them popular among friends. 8:grateful 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.表示感谢的；感激的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：gratitude/'graettju:d/（n.感激；感谢) 副词：gratefully'grertfali/(adv.感激地) 同义词：hankful/'0ekf/(adj.感谢的；感激的) 三、用法与常见搭配 be grateful to sb.for sth.(因某事感谢某人) express gratitude to sb.（向某人表达感谢) grateful for help（感谢帮助) with gratitude(满怀感激地) 四、拓展用法 grateful后接不定式时，表示”感激做某事”，如be grateful to do sth 、五、作文高级句型 We should be grateful for the help we receive from others and try to help them in return. 9:base “、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.以…为基础（或根据）n.根据；基地 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：basic/bersik/(adj.基本的；基础的) 名词：basis /'bersIs/(n.基础；根据，复数bases) 副词：basically /'bersikli/(adv.基本上；大体上) 三、用法与常见搭配 base sth.on sth.(以某事为某事的基础) on the basis of..（在…的基础上) military base(军事基地) basic knowledge(基础知识) 四、拓展用法 base作动词时常用被动语态be based on;basis为base的抽象名词形式，多用于on the basis of结构中 五、作文高级句型 Our conclusion should be based on sufficient evidence and careful analysis. 10:struggle 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v) 核心义：n.难事；奋斗；努力v.奋斗；争取 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.You should to your teacher for being late this morning A)apologize B)apology C)apologetic D)apologetically 2.In English grammar,the voice is used when the subject receives the action. A)actively B)passive C)passivity D)passively 3.The old song always me of my childhood in the countryside. A)reminds B)reminder C)reminding D)remind 4.Scientists are trying to new energy sources to reduce pollution. A)exploration B)explorer C)explore D)exploratory 5.Her_idea helped the company solve the problem successfully. A)origin B)original C)originally D)originality 6.Too much from work can affect your physical health. A)stress B)stressful C)stressed D)stressfully 7.My uncle is always_with his time when helping others A)generosity B)generous C)generously D)stingy 8.We areto our parents for their endless support and love. A)gratitude B)grateful C)gratefully D)thankful 9.This theory is_on years ofscientific research. A)base B)basis C)basic D)based 10.She has been_to finish the project before the deadline. A)struggling B)struggle C)struggled D)struggles (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.He wrote a letter of_(apologize)to his friend. 2.She took a_(passive)role in the discussion and didn't express her opinion. 3.The note on the desk is a(remind)of the meeting tomorrow 4.The(explore)of the ocean depths has revealed many new species. 5.The_(origin)plan was changed due to bad weather 6.It's important to manage(stress)properly to stay healthy. 7.His_(generous)towards the poor earned him respect from everyone. 8.We expressed our(gratitude)to the volunteers for their hard work. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.You must a to her for breaking her favorite cup 2.Don't be p in class;try to answer questions actively. 3.Please r me to buy some milk on the way home 4.They decided to ethe forest to find rare plants. 5.The painting is an owork by a famous artist,not a copy. 6.Students often feel sbefore important exams. 7.The millionaire was genough to donate half of his money to charity. 8.I am g for your help when I was in trouble 9.The company's success is bon its excellent team. 10.She has to swith her homework every night because she is slow. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：ABACBABBDA 2.补全句子答案： 1.apology 2.passive 3.reminder 4.exploration 5.original 6.stress 7.generosity 8.grati- tude 3.首字母填空答案： 1.apologize 2.passive 3.remind 4.explore 5.original 6.stress 7.generous 8.grateful 9 based 10.struggle 英语词汇复习手册·必修1·冀教版·Unit2 Friendship一