Unit 5 Animals Around Us 二-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册期末词汇复习（冀教版）

期末词汇复习 必修3·冀教版·Unit5 AnimalsAroundUs二 一、 重点单词详解 1:negative 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.坏的；消极的；否定的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：neg-(表示”否定，如neglect忽视) 副词：negatively/negatrvli/(adv.消极地；否定地) 名词：negativity/,neg3 trvati/(n.消极性；否定态度) 反义词：positive/pDzetrv/(adj.积极的；肯定的) 三、用法与常见搭配 negative attitude(消极态度) negative effect（负面影响) negative feedback(负面反馈) be negative about sth.(对某事持否定态度) turn negative(变得消极/否定) negative number(负数，数学术语) 四、拓展用法 辨析：negative vs passive negative强调”否定的、负面的”（如negative comment);passive强调”被动的、不主动 的”（如passive acceptance)。 五、作文高级句型 Instead of focusing on negative outcomes,we should adopt a positive mindset to overcome challenges. 与其关注负面结果，我们不如采取积极心态去克服挑战。 2:aware 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：adj.意识到；明白；察觉到 一、 构词法（词性转换） 反义词：naware/,n'wea(r)/(adj.未意识到的) 名词：awareness/A'wens/(n.意识；认识) 副词：awarely'weali/(adv.有意识地，较少使用) 三、用法与常见搭配 be aware of sth.(意识到某事) be aware that+从句（意识到…） make sb.aware of(使某人意识到) raise awareness(提高意识，如raise environmental awareness) self-aware(adj.有自我意识的) 四、拓展用法 辨析：aware vs conscious aware侧重”感官上的察觉”（如aware of a noise);conscious侧重”心理上的清醒、故意 的”（如conscious decision)。 五、作文高级句型 It is crucial for teenagers to be aware of the potential risks of excessive internet use. 青少年意识到过度上网的潜在风险至关重要。 3:option 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.选择；可选择的事物：选择权 构词法（词性转换） 动词：opt/opt/(i.选择；决定) 形容词：optional/'ppnl/(adj.可选择的；非强制的) 副词：optionally/ppfenali/(adv.可选择地) 三、用法与常见搭配 have no option but to do sth.(别无选择只能做某事) keep/leave options open(保留选择余地) available option(可用选择)；viable option(可行选择) opt for sth.(选择某物，如opt for a career in medicine) opt to do sth.(选择做某事) 四、拓展用法 辨析：option vs choice option强调？供选择的选项”（如three options);choice强调”选择的行为或能力”（如 freedom of choice). 五、作文高级句型 When faced with tough decisions,weighing all available options can lead to more rational choices. 面临艰难决定时，权衡所有可选方案能带来更理性的选择。 4:narrow 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、形容词(adj.) 核心义：v.使窄小；变窄；缩小ad山.狭窄的；有限的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 副词：narrowly/'naerauli/(adv.勉强地；狭窄地) 名词：narrowness/'narounes/(n.狭窄；狭隘) 动词短语：narrow down(缩小范围，如narrow down the list) 三、用法与常见搭配 narrow road（狭窄的路)：narrow escape(九死一生；侥幸逃脱) narrow the ga即（缩小差距，如narrow the generation gap) narrow to（缩小到，如narrow to two candidates) 四、拓展用法 熟词僻义：narrow-minded(adj.心胸狭窄的，合成词) 五、作文高级句型 Technological advancements have narrowed the distance between people from different cul- tures. 科技进步缩小了不同文化背景人们之间的距离。 5:innate “、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.天生的；先天的；固有的 二、构词法（词性转换） 近义词：inborn/,m'bn/(ad.天生的)；inherent/m'horant/(adj.固有的) 反义词：acquired/a'kwaIad/(adj.后天获得的) 名词：innateness/'nertnas/(n.先天性；固有性) 三、 用法与常见搭配 innate ability（天赋能力)：innate quality(固有品质) innate in sb./sth.(某人/某物天生具有的，如kindness innate in children) 四、拓展用法 辨析：innate vs inherent innate强调”与生俱来的”（如innate talent);inherent强调”事物本身固有的属性？（如 inherent risk)。 五、作文高级句型 Some people believe that artistic talent is innate,while others argue it can be developed through practice. 有人认为艺术天赋是天生的，而其他人则认为它可以通过练习培养。 6:sharp 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：ad.锋利的；敏锐的；急剧的；尖锐的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：sharpen/apa/(v.使锋利；加剧；提高) 名词：sharpness/∫apns/(n.锋利；敏锐度) 副词：sharply/∫a:pli/（adv.急剧地；尖锐地) 三、 用法与常见搭配 sharp knife(锋利的刀) sharp mind(敏锐的头脑)：sharp eyesight(敏锐的视力) sharp increase（急剧增长)；sharp turn(急转弯) look sharp(赶快；留神) sharp contrast(鲜明对比) 四、拓展用法 熟词僻义：adv.(时间)整，准（如at8o'clock sharp八点整） 辨析：sharp vs acute sha1p侧重物理锋利或思维敏捷”(sha1 p tool/intelligence);acute侧重'严重的、敏锐的 (疾病、感官)”(acute pair/acute hearing)。 五、作文高级句型 The report highlights the sharp contrast between urban and rural living standards in develop- ing countries. 该报告强调了发展中国家城乡生活水平的鲜明对比。 7:remove 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.去掉；拿开；消除；搬迁n.距离；间距（较少使用） 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：removal/'mu:v/(n.移除；搬迁；免职) 形容词：removable/'mu:vabl/(adj.可移动的；可去除的) 反义词：add/ed/(v.添加) 三、用法与常见搭配 remove sth.from sth.(从…中移除某物，如remove stains from clothes) remove oneself(离开某地，正式用法) remove doubts(消除疑虑)；1 emove obstacles(排除障碍) 四、拓展用法 熟词僻义：v.免除（职务）（如remove sb.from off伍ce) 辨析：remove vs eliminate 1 emove强调”物理或位置上的移除”(remove a book);eliminate强调？彻底消除、淘汰， (eliminate poverty)。 五、作文高级句型 To maintain a clean environment,we should actively remove litter and reduce waste. 为了保持清洁环境，我们应主动清除垃圾并减少浪费。 8:conservation 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.保护 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.Parents should help children develop a positive attitude instead of a_one towards chal- lenges. A)negative B)passive C)narrow D)sharp 2.We must beof the fact that social media can spread false information quickly. A)aware B)conscious C)innate D)optional 3.If you don't like the current plan,we still have other to consider. A)options B)choices C)removals D)conservations 4.The two countries have worked hard to_the gap in economic development A)narrow B)remove C)sharpen D)opt 5.Some scientists believe that language ability is in humans,while others think it is learned. A)innate B)inherent C)aware D)optional 6.Theincrease in housing prices has become a major concern for young people A)sharp B)acute C)negative D)narrow 7.It is necessary toall unnecessary files from your computer to free up space. A)remove B)eliminate C)narrow D)sharpen 8.Environmental has become a global issue requiring immediate action. A)conservation B)awareness C)option D)removal 9.She has no but to accept the job offer since she needs the money badly A)option B)choice C)awareness D)conservation 10.The teacher reminded us to be_of the grammar rules when writing essays. A)aware B)conscious C)innate D)sharp (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.Her_(aware)of the importance of exercise led her to join a gym. 2.The company is taking steps to reduce(negative)in the workplace 3.You have the_(choose)to work from home or in the office.(提示：option的动词转换) 4.The river_(narrow)as it flows through the mountains. 5.-(sharp)your pencil before the exam,or you won't be able to write clearly 6.The government aims to raise public-(aware)about mental health. 7.It is(option)to attend the extra lecture,it won't affect your final grade 8.The_(remove)of the old building caused controversy among local residents. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Staying positive can help you overcome n emotions like fear and anxiety. 2.Many students are not aof the resources available in the school library. 3.After discussing with her family,she decided to o_for a career in education. 4.The road became so n that only one car could pass at a time. 5.Some people are born with i talents,such as musical ability or artistic skill 6.The graph shows a srise in temperatures over the past decade. 7.Please ryour shoes before entering the house to keep the floor clean. 8.WWF is an organization dedicated to wildlife c_. 9.The manager left the oopen in case a better candidate applied later. 10.Developing self-a can help you understand your strengths and weaknesses. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AAAAAAAAAA 2.补全句子答案： awareness negativity opt narrows Sharpen awareness optional removal 3.首字母填空答案： negative aware opt narrow innate sharp remove conservation options awareness 英语词复习手册·必修3·Unit5 Animals Around Us二