专题01 完形填空（复习讲义）（山东专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题01 完形填空 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 03·题型通关·靶向突破 3 04·优题精选·练能提分 7 题型 考查形式 考情分析 近三年（2023-2025）山东中考英语完形填空稳中有进，聚焦语篇理解与思维品质，核心考情与备考要点如下： 一、核心考情总览 - 结构稳定：多数地市设10-15小题，每题1分；文章150-300词，难度以中等为主，少量偏难。 - 体裁集中：以记叙文/夹叙夹议为主（占比约80%），少量说明文；主题紧扣成长、助人、环保、文化自信，积极正向。 - 考点侧重：实词为主（约80%）——动词（约40%）、名词（约30%）、形容词/副词（约10%）；虚词为辅（约20%）——连词、介词，侧重语境逻辑。 - 能力导向：语境推断（约60%）>词汇辨析（约30%）>固定搭配（约10%），强调上下文逻辑与主旨把握。 二、分年命题特点（2023-2025） - 2023：侧重生活故事+科技适应（如老人学用手机），考查动词短语与转折/因果逻辑；个别地市（如潍坊）考科普说明文，难度略升。 - 2024：强化文化与环保（如京剧、塑料污染），增加近义词辨析（accept/receive），固定搭配（look forward to）占比稳定。 - 2025：融入跨文化与时代热点（如外国记者中国经历），突出让步/条件连词（Although/if），思维品质考查更明显 。 命题预测 主题预测 结合山东中考英语完形填空“素养立意、贴近生活、积极导向”的命题规律，2026年高频主题预测如下，按考查概率排序并附核心词汇与解题提示，方便你靶向备考👇 一、高频核心主题（★★★★★） 1. 成长与心理韧性 核心场景：克服考试焦虑、社交恐惧、兴趣坚持（如练乐器/运动）、亲子和解。 必背词：confidence、encourage、overcome、mature、forgive 逻辑提示：转折（but/however）、因果（so/because），情感从挫败到释然。 2. 科技与数字素养 核心场景：合理用手机/AI辅助学习、数字 detox、网络安全与真实社交。 必背词：screen time、balance、focus、digital、connection 逻辑提示：对比（while）、条件（unless），倡导适度与自律。 3. 文化自信与传承 核心场景：青少年参与非遗（剪纸/陶艺）、传统节日新过法、家乡文化传播。 必背词：tradition、culture、inherit、proud、local 逻辑提示：递进（and/furthermore），突出文化认同与创新。 4. 环保与社会责任 核心场景：校园垃圾分类、社区植树、旧物改造、低碳生活实践。 必背词：recycle、protect、volunteer、reduce、environment 逻辑提示：目的（to/so that）、因果（since），强调行动与影响。 二、次高频主题（★★★★） 1. 校园与团队协作 核心场景：小组项目分工、比赛失利后的互助、化解同学矛盾。 必背词：teamwork、share、apologize、effort、support 逻辑提示：并列（and）、转折（but），聚焦集体成长。 2. 社会温情与善意传递 核心场景：陌生人援手、邻里互助、关爱老人/残障群体。 必背词：kindness、help、warmth、grateful、community 逻辑提示：因果（because）、让步（though），传递正向价值观。 3. 健康生活方式 核心场景：规律作息、近视防控、运动习惯养成、均衡饮食。 必背词：healthy、exercise、diet、habit、energy 逻辑提示：条件（if）、对比（instead of），倡导科学自律。 三、命题与解题关键 - 体裁：仍以记叙文/夹叙夹议为主（约80%），少量说明文（科普/文化类）。 - 考点：实词（动词/名词/形容词）占比约80%，虚词侧重连词（逻辑）与介词（搭配）。 - 解题要点：先抓主旨（人物+事件+情感线），再用“前后呼应+逻辑词”锁定答案，最后复读验证连贯。 四、地市差异适配 - 济南/青岛：偏成长+文化主题，语篇稍长，逻辑题占比高。 - 潍坊/威海：偏科技+环保主题，科普类说明文概率上升。 - 菏泽/枣庄：偏校园+温情主题，文本简洁，基础题占比大。 考点一 题型破解 一、题型特点 1. 选材特点词数200词左右, 以记叙文为主; 选项考查实词为主, 虚词为辅, 一般为2～3个。主要考查动词、名词、形容词和副词的用法。 　(1)选材注重原汁原味, 体现新课标“关注学生情感, 提高人文素质”的理念。贴近考生生活实际, 积极、时尚, 融知识性、教育性和趣味性为一体。 　(2)体裁以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主, 说明文及议论文考查频率较少。 地区差异： - 济南/青岛：15小题，侧重夹叙夹议，难度中等偏上。 - 潍坊/威海：10小题，说明文占比略高，科普话题较多。 - 菏泽/枣庄：10小题，以简单记叙文为主，基础题占比大。 命题分布：常见的记叙文有小说、戏剧、传记、新闻报道和日记等类型。无论哪种记叙文，都囊括了事件的时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过和结果。记叙的手法写作顺序往往以时间顺序或按照事件的发展顺序来展开。最后升华总结作者的感悟。 难度分析：1.考查学生对词汇、句型和固定搭配的掌握，难度不大。　2.考查学生对篇章综合分析判断的能力，难度较大。 考点 解题要点 1. 解题步骤 1）. 重视首尾句, 把握主旨 解答完形填空的关键在于掌握理解短文大意。有时根据文章的首尾句就能抓住主题, 因为它是一个重要的“窗口”。通过它, 可以大致了解全文的概貌和作者的立意。考生应该充分利用此句的标志作用, 并将它作为一个解题的突破口, 据此展开思维。 2）. 速读全文, 把握脉络 　　跳过空格, 速读全文, 把握所叙述的人物或事件的脉络, 即who, when, where, what, how等信息。了解文章的内容、结构、时态、语态变化、情节的展开、结果的形成、文中人物的态度或作者的观点等。 3）. 细斟巧琢, 逐个敲定 　　在读懂、理解语篇的基础上, 综合调度所储存的语法、词汇、固定搭配等语言知识, 结合全文语境, 仔细斟酌、筛选、判定答案。 2. 解题原则 主旨优先原则：先通读全文（不看选项），把握文章体裁、主线情节和情感基调，避免“只见树木不见森林”。 语境至上原则：答案必须贴合上下文逻辑，优先通过前后句的复现词、因果/转折/条件等信号词锁定，而非单纯依赖语法或单词含义。 先易后难原则：先填明显有把握的空（如固定搭配、逻辑清晰的连词题），借助已填答案推进对语篇的理解，再攻克难题。 复读验证原则：全部填完后通读全文，检查语义是否连贯、时态语态是否一致、逻辑是否通顺，排除矛盾选项。 规避冗余原则：注意连词使用禁忌（如 because 和 so 不能连用），避免因忽略语法细节丢分。 【典例】 （2023·山东泰安·二模）Amy is 11 years old and lives in a city. She 1 much of her time at her grandmother’s home during the pandemic (疫情). The house has a large 2 that Amy explored (探索) when she wasn’t doing schoolwork online. One day, she saw her first four-leaf clover (四叶草) in the yard. “I was just walking, and I was so 3 because I know that they are not very common,” she said, “some people say they bring good luck.” Amy then researched 4 causes clovers to grow that fourth leaf. It’s because of the plant’s genes(基因). The plant’s genes tell the plant to grow three leaves. 5 sometimes the genes tell the plant to grow four leaves. Actually, a 2017 study found that just one in 5,000 clovers has four leaves. Amy has learned that four-leaf clovers grow in groups. “Then I wanted to find more of them,” she said. Amy began searching for more four-leaf clovers in the yard and it 6 her new hobby. By the summer of the next year, she had collected more than 500 of them. Her parents felt happy that Amy found a way to lower stress that many children were 7 during the pandemic. Her grandmother was also glad that Amy went outdoors and explored nature. “It’s a good thing that a city child was taking a(n) 8 in nature.” For her part, Amy said she has a way of 9 the loneliness she felt during the pandemic. “It gave me something to do because I didn’t have the 10 of being sad,” she said. “I got peace,” she added, “and this was wonderful because they were right in my backyard.” 1．A．disliked B．wasted C．spent D．forgot 2．A．kitchen B．yard C．room D．hall 3．A．excited B．sad C．bored D．afraid 4．A．when B．what C．how D．which 5．A．Because B．Then C．But D．So 6．A．became B．finished C．showed D．broke 7．A．organizing B．celebrating C．experiencing D．enjoying 8．A．trip B．interest C．role D．risk 9．A．dealing with B．talking with C．playing with D．helping with 10．A．shame B．chance C．problem D．meaning 3.备考重点 素材积累：精读近5年山东真题，每周2-3篇，标注动词短语+逻辑连词。 词汇突破：聚焦中考核心词的词义辨析+搭配，如put up/put off、since/because。 逻辑训练：刻意分析句间关系（转折/因果/条件），总结高频逻辑词（but/however/so/although/if）。 限时模拟：每篇控制在8-10分钟，训练速度与准确率。 Passage 1 （2025·山东滨州·中考真题）Last spring, our class planned a play for the school music festival. I was 1 to be a princess in the play. I was really glad because I had always dreamed of standing on the stage. I valued the 2 and practiced my lines (台词) every day. But during the rehearsal (排练), I was so nervous that every word disappeared from my head. Because of this, I was changed to play a small role, which made me really upset. 3 I didn’t tell my mother what had happened that day, she noticed my unhappiness and asked me if I wanted to take a walk in the garden. It was a lovely spring day. I walked slowly with my mother in the garden. I saw many flowers. 4 roses, there were also some small, unknown but beautiful flowers. My mother pointed at the small flowers and said, “I think I’ll 5 all these small flowers. In this way, we’ll only have beautiful roses in this garden.” “But I also like the small flowers,” I said. “All the flowers are beautiful, even the unknown ones! Each of them plays an important role in making a 6 garden.” My mother looked at me and said 7 , “Yes, every flower gives people pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it?” I nodded. “And the same goes for people, too,” she added. I realized that my mother had 8 why I was upset. “I can’t play a princess any more. I can only play a small role in the play.” I cried and told her the 9 . “But I believe you will be a good performer,” she said. Her words cheered me up. When the play finally came, everyone was amazed at my perfect performance. Thanks to my mother’s encouragement, I understood that 10 had his or her own value in the world. I was proud of my role in the play. 1．A．refused B．chosen C．warned D．punished 2．A．memory B．promise C．chance D．friendship 3．A．Until B．Unless C．Since D．Although 4．A．Besides B．Above C．Without D．Through 5．A．give out B．cut out C．find out D．clear out 6．A．colorful B．clean C．common D．comfortable 7．A．sadly B．seriously C．angrily D．politely 8．A．accepted B．explained C．guessed D．forgotten 9．A．standard B．theme C．victory D．reason 10．A．somebody B．everybody C．anybody D．nobody Passage 2 （2025·山东日照·中考真题）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Tim had always struggled with his weight. At school, his classmates would call him “Big Tim”. Every day, he wished he could be like other kids, running fast and playing sports 1 , but that always seemed out of reach. One day, a group of his classmates decided to play a 2 on him. They secretly entered him for the school’s long-distance race. They thought it would be fun to watch him 3 . On the race day, as Tim was about to 4 his classmates to watch the race in the stands (看台), he saw some of them holding posters of his face with big words “The Big Runner” and “Go Tim”. He realized he was tricked into the race. He froze there, 5 . The race started, and to everyone’s 6 , Tim began to jog. It was not fast. He kept moving, 7 he could hardly keep up with the other runners. His legs burned with each step, but he didn’t stop. As the race went on, something 8 . A few students started cheering for him. “Come on, Tim” they shouted. Their encouragement made Tim feel 9 . It wasn’t about winning anymore; it was about 10 to himself that he could finish. By the time he reached the final lap (圈), Tim was tired out, but he pushed through. As he 11 the finish line, he fell to the ground, completely out of breath. His classmates, who had once 12 him, were now clapping and shouting his name. Tim smiled. It didn’t matter that he hadn’t 13 the race. He had finished, and that was more than he ever thought 14 . From that day on, the teasing (取笑) stopped. Tim had shown everyone that strength wasn’t about 15 —it was about heart. 1．A．safely B．quickly C．easily D．properly 2．A．game B．trick C．part D．record 3．A．fail B．cry C．smile D．succeed 4．A．find B．cheer C．help D．join 5．A．relaxed B．excited C．embarrassed D．disappointed 6．A．surprise B．joy C．shame D．anger 7．A．since B．though C．when D．until 8．A．stopped B．worked C．disappeared D．changed 9．A．healthier B．luckier C．cooler D．lighter 10．A．suggesting B．explaining C．proving D．promising 11．A．crossed B．saw C．missed D．left 12．A．argued with B．laughed at C．competed with D．cared about 13．A．entered B．won C．completed D．watched 14．A．necessary B．interesting C．valuable D．possible 15．A．speed B．height C．size D．time Passage 3 （2026·山东·模拟预测）Over the past ten years, my hometown has changed beyond imagination. These changes make people’s lives happier and full of hope, thanks to good policies and people’s hard work. Thirty years ago, most families here were not 1 . Many kids even dropped out of school to help with farm work. But now, 2 has been greatly developed. The government built new schools with modern facilities, and every child can 3 good education. Teachers try their best to help students, and students all 4 to enter ideal high schools. People’s living habits have changed too. In the past, people had no 5 time for hobbies. They were busy making a living all day. Now, after work, they can take part in different activities, like dancing, reading 6 doing sports. There are also new parks and squares where people can relax. What’s more, people’s ideas become open. They reach 7 on building a greener hometown. Many families plant trees around their houses, and the environment is getting better. We 8 see some big changes in traffic—narrow roads turn into wide streets, and buses are more convenient. With these changes, people know they can 9 more dreams if they keep working hard. No one thought our hometown would become so great before, and we 10 a better future. We feel lucky to live in such a good time and will cherish it. 1．A．wealthy B．poor C．busy 2．A．health B．education C．traffic 3．A．bring B．lose C．get 4．A．plan B．refuse C．forget 5．A．spare B．happy C．relaxing 6．A．so B．or C．but 7．A．agreement B．problem C．decision 8．A．too B．also C．either 9．A．achieve B．give C．lose 10．A．hope B．wait C．expect Passage 4 （2022·山东青岛·中考真题）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Respecting teachers has always been a tradition in China. Yang Shi was a philosopher（哲学家）in the Northern Song Dynasty. One day, he and his schoolmates had different opinions on a question. To get a 1 answer, he went to visit Cheng Yi, the famous philosopher. At Cheng’s house,   2 , the guarding kid told him that Mr. Cheng was meditating（冥想）in his room and asked him to go back. Yang 3 to leave, so the little boy left him alone and went in. After a while, it began to snow 4 . The little boy came out again and reminded Yang that Mr. Cheng might spend the whole afternoon meditating. He invited Yang to 5 himself in the house to avoid the wind and snow. But Yang kept standing in the snow and waiting outside in order that he could ask Cheng’s 6 on the question. As soon as Cheng finished meditating, the boy reported that Yang was waiting outside. When 7 this, Cheng came out to see Yang. When the door was opened, everyone was 8 . The snow was more than a foot deep, but Yang stood still,   9 moving his feet. “Young man, why are you so silly? You could have come again someday!” Cheng took Yang to the room at once. “As a student…if I want to learn from the teacher…I should…of course…respectfully wait outside…” said Yang, shaking with cold. Cheng was very happy and accepted Yang as his student because of Yang’s politeness and effort to learn. He taught Yang all his philosophical thoughts. That made a big 10 to Yang’s life. Later, Yang really learned a lot and made great contributions（贡献）to his country. 1．A．similar B．correct C．wrong D．difficult 2．A．besides B．however C．anyway D．instead 3．A．hoped B．agreed C．refused D．wanted 4．A．heavily B．early C．deeply D．wisely 5．A．warm B．find C．cool D．hide 6．A．method B．rule C．record D．opinion 7．A．hearing B．seeing C．feeling D．receiving 8．A．excited B．relaxed C．shocked D．interested 9．A．by B．with C．on D．without 10．A．choice B．difference C．decision D．plan Passage 5 （2023·山东泰安·二模）Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most 1 things in the modern world, it is the result of thousands of years of human invention. First came the invention of 2 , probably about 5,500 years ago. With writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could share their knowledge with future generations and 3 with people that they never saw. Later, the Greeks were well-known for their literature and science, but their “books” looked very different. They were called scrolls（卷轴）. They were differently 4 and took up a lot of space. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages 5 . For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made with animal skin. And that changed in 6 century. At that time, the Europeans learnt about a 7 Chinese invention: paper. Then the biggest change for books in Europe came in the 1440s; 8 Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing machine. Before that, people in Europe copied books by hand, so they were very expensive. With a printing machine, people were able to produce more books easily. So it was possible for more and more people to afford the books. These days 9 is difficult to imagine a world without books. But human invention never 10 . Every year, more and more people buy e-books to read stories on the screen. Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future, or will books, like scrolls, soon disappear? 1．A．another B．other C．the others 2．A．write B．wrote C．writing 3．A．communicated B．communicate C．communicating 4．A．to use B．use C．used 5．A．appear B．appeared C．would appear 6．A．thirteen B．thirteenth C．the thirteenth 7．A．practical B．practice C．practically 8．A．if B．when C．but 9．A．that B．this C．it 10．A．stops B．to stop C．stopped Passage 6 （2023·山东聊城·三模）Born in 1037, Su Shi was a great poet in the Song Dynasty. He left his hometown for the capital city at the age of 19. And one year later, he 1 because of his excellent performance in the examinations held by the emperor. During his lifetime, Su Shi created many wonderful works. One of the most famous 2 was Tune: Prelude to Water Melody (《水调歌头》). It was 3 in 1076 when Su Shi worked in Mizhou. It was the Mid-Autumn Festival. Su Shi missed his brother very much 4 he hadn’t seen him for seven years. He wrote this poem to 5 how he expected to see his brother again. In the poem, he wished that they 6 and all people would have long lives and be able to share the bright round moon even if they were far away. As an officer, Su Shi did many good things for people. When he was the officer in Hangzhou, he organized people to rebuild the West Lake. He even built a 7 bank with six bridges by using the earth from the lake. People called the bank “Su Bank” in memory of him. In the hearts of Chinese people, Su Shi was a great poet and officer. Actually, he was 8 a good cook. “Dongpo Pork” is even 9 after him. The 10 he went to and the things he did are still popular topics for today’s Chinese people. He will always be remembered. 1．A．came round B．fell away C．became famous 2．A．novels B．poems C．songs 3．A．written B．chosen C．bought 4．A．but B．because C．so 5．A．express B．excuse C．examine 6．A．both B．all C．neither 7．A．long B．high C．wide 8．A．also B．either C．neither 9．A．named B．went C．run 10．A．places B．palaces C．plans Passage 7 （2023·山东日照·一模）阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Sophie, 13, won the 2019 New Zealand’s “Think kind” competition for students. “I held a beach clean-up, because it really 1 me that marine（海洋的）life is hurt by thoughtless decisions of humans.” Sophie saw 2 on the sea floor while snorkeling（徒手潜泳）. “It was the first time I’d seen marine life 3 among plastics.” It was the trigger（起因）of her act. “We weren’t taking enough 4 . Everyone needs to do their 5 , otherwise we’re going to 6 our planet.” Sophie turned to media to get her 7 out and ask for volunteers at the clean-up. To her surprise, more than 200 people turned up. 200 kilograms of rubbish were 8 that day. “It was horrible. We knew rubbish was there but we didn’t realize how 9 the rubbish was until we started collecting.” Once ecological awareness（生态意识） 10 Sophie, she decided to do something different. On her 14th birthday, she decided to celebrate differently. 11 holding a party creating waste, she decided to reduce it. On her “party”, Sophie and her friends 12 to pick up the rubbish that stored up along the river bank near the town. “If there is one thing everyone could do, it is to 13 after yourself”, says Sophie. “It’s hard for some families to afford plastic alternatives, but just not buying things wrapped in plastic will help.” She suggests using 14 materials like metal straws. “When there are more alternatives on the market, it will be 15 for individuals to make a change.” 1．A．interests B．excites C．encourages D．bothers 2．A．rocks B．creatures C．garbage D．plants 3．A．increasing B．living C．dying D．eating 4．A．advice B．time C．patience D．action 5．A．lessons B．part C．work D．activities 6．A．put down B．deal with C．let down D．cut out 7．A．message B．text C．stories D．methods 8．A．recycled B．buried C．sold D．collected 9．A．smelly B．tough C．much D．far 10．A．thought B．reached C．hit D．found 11．A．In fear of B．In hope of C．Instead of D．Because of 12．A．claimed B．expected C．continued D．failed 13．A．pick up B．set up C．turn up D．back up 14．A．valuable B．recyclable C．inexpensive D．creative 15．A．better B．easier C．happier D．longer Passage 8 （2023·山东淄博·二模）阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。 Some people are not content（满足）with normal hobbies, such as collecting stamps or taking photos. They 1 doing things that most people would never do. My friend’s uncle has an unusual hobby like that. He enjoys 2 the oldest things. Several years ago, he went to see the oldest tree. Or at least, that was what he thought. The tree was in White Mountains, California and it was over 4,840 years old. You might 3 it to be a really big tree. But that was not the case at all. Actually, it was quite 4 . It was only 15 meters high. Then, why did it live so long? You might think that for a tree to live so long it would have perfect 5 , such as plenty of water, a good climate（气候）and rich soil（土壤）. 6 just the opposite was true. The place was really cold and sometimes there was no water and the soil was quite poor. In fact, this tree’s 7 life made it strong. Now, let me tell you something more interesting. When my friend’s uncle returned from his trip to see the tree, he read an article in a newspaper. It was 8 the world’s oldest tree, Old Tjikko. It was discovered in Sweden and it was over 9,550 years old. You couldn’t 9 how surprised he was! The next year, my friend’s uncle went to Sweden to see this tree. He said, “That’s the way 10 work. You set your goals, and you do what it takes to achieve them.” 1．A．are poor at B．are careful with C．are bored with D．are interested in 2．A．seeing B．making C．selling D．buying 3．A．record B．expect C．describe D．refuse 4．A．small B．weak C．heavy D．tall 5．A．methods B．instructions C．conditions D．experiences 6．A．So B．But C．And D．Because 7．A．difficult B．lonely C．happy D．busy 8．A．with B．from C．about D．over 9．A．remember B．imagine C．explain D．stand 10．A．ideas B．jobs C．messages D．hobbies Passage 9 （2023·山东济南·三模）I jumped, reached the lowest part of the maple tree, and lifted myself up. Then I got close to the tree house. “Angie, open up.” I 1 on the door. “No!” Angie said. I moved carefully and climbed in through the window opening Dad had cut in the wall. Angie sat in one corner, head against knees. “Mom says you’ve been here long enough. You have to come down.” I said. Angie shook her head. “I’m living in this tree forever and 2 going to school again.” “Oh? What happened?” I asked. Angie’s eyes filled with tears, and she 3 her face with her hands. “I told Dick at school we were getting a new baby 4 . He asked, ‘What color? Green?’ He said the baby won’t really be my brother, the 5 way you aren’t. He said our family isn’t a real family. All 6 colors—black and yellow and white.” “Well, we are a real family. You and I and the baby are adopted (收养). So what?” I sat down opposite her. I kept going, 7 the facts. “Who taught you to read, to skate, and to e-mail Grandma?”“You.” said Angie. “ 8 did I do all that?” I asked, and then I answered 9 own question. “Because I’m your brother.” “And who would climb this tree, 10 she’s the worst tree climber in the whole world, to make sure you were OK?” “Probably Mom.” Angie replied. “Finally, who built this tree house because you wanted one so badly, even after he’d hurt his hand badly with the hammer?” She let out a smile and said, “It’s a good thing Daddy doesn’t build tree houses for a 11 .” I knew what she meant. Nothing about the tree house was straight or even (平滑的). 12 , it was a great tree house. Like our family, it was one of a kind and built 13 love. “Hey, guys, are you coming 14 ?” Mom called. “Dad will be home for dinner any minute.” Dinner was a family event, where everyone shared the day’s news. I reached out my hand and 15 her to her feet. “The first time we see the new baby, we’ll know he’s part of our family.” “Even if he’s green?” Angie asked. “Even if,” I answered. 1．A．picked B．knocked C．listed D．fell 2．A．never B．always C．nearly D．just 3．A．made B．kissed C．washed D．covered 4．A．partner B．friend C．brother D．sister 5．A．same B．healthy C．good D．simple 6．A．valuable B．special C．different D．beautiful 7．A．eating out B．laying out C．cutting out D．coming out 8．A．Why B．What C．How D．When 9．A．his B．our C．her D．my 10．A．even if B．so that C．as long as D．by the time 11．A．study B．gift C．job D．hobby 12．A．Terribly B．Still C．Lately D．Almost 13．A．by B．with C．like D．during 14．A．down B．up C．away D．off 15．A．threw B．rushed C．pushed D．pulled 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 完形填空 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 03·题型通关·靶向突破 3 04·优题精选·练能提分 7 题型 考查形式 考情分析 近三年（2023-2025）山东中考英语完形填空稳中有进，聚焦语篇理解与思维品质，核心考情与备考要点如下： 一、核心考情总览 - 结构稳定：多数地市设10-15小题，每题1分；文章150-300词，难度以中等为主，少量偏难。 - 体裁集中：以记叙文/夹叙夹议为主（占比约80%），少量说明文；主题紧扣成长、助人、环保、文化自信，积极正向。 - 考点侧重：实词为主（约80%）——动词（约40%）、名词（约30%）、形容词/副词（约10%）；虚词为辅（约20%）——连词、介词，侧重语境逻辑。 - 能力导向：语境推断（约60%）>词汇辨析（约30%）>固定搭配（约10%），强调上下文逻辑与主旨把握。 二、分年命题特点（2023-2025） - 2023：侧重生活故事+科技适应（如老人学用手机），考查动词短语与转折/因果逻辑；个别地市（如潍坊）考科普说明文，难度略升。 - 2024：强化文化与环保（如京剧、塑料污染），增加近义词辨析（accept/receive），固定搭配（look forward to）占比稳定。 - 2025：融入跨文化与时代热点（如外国记者中国经历），突出让步/条件连词（Although/if），思维品质考查更明显 。 命题预测 主题预测 结合山东中考英语完形填空“素养立意、贴近生活、积极导向”的命题规律，2026年高频主题预测如下，按考查概率排序并附核心词汇与解题提示，方便你靶向备考👇 一、高频核心主题（★★★★★） 1. 成长与心理韧性 核心场景：克服考试焦虑、社交恐惧、兴趣坚持（如练乐器/运动）、亲子和解。 必背词：confidence、encourage、overcome、mature、forgive 逻辑提示：转折（but/however）、因果（so/because），情感从挫败到释然。 2. 科技与数字素养 核心场景：合理用手机/AI辅助学习、数字 detox、网络安全与真实社交。 必背词：screen time、balance、focus、digital、connection 逻辑提示：对比（while）、条件（unless），倡导适度与自律。 3. 文化自信与传承 核心场景：青少年参与非遗（剪纸/陶艺）、传统节日新过法、家乡文化传播。 必背词：tradition、culture、inherit、proud、local 逻辑提示：递进（and/furthermore），突出文化认同与创新。 4. 环保与社会责任 核心场景：校园垃圾分类、社区植树、旧物改造、低碳生活实践。 必背词：recycle、protect、volunteer、reduce、environment 逻辑提示：目的（to/so that）、因果（since），强调行动与影响。 二、次高频主题（★★★★） 1. 校园与团队协作 核心场景：小组项目分工、比赛失利后的互助、化解同学矛盾。 必背词：teamwork、share、apologize、effort、support 逻辑提示：并列（and）、转折（but），聚焦集体成长。 2. 社会温情与善意传递 核心场景：陌生人援手、邻里互助、关爱老人/残障群体。 必背词：kindness、help、warmth、grateful、community 逻辑提示：因果（because）、让步（though），传递正向价值观。 3. 健康生活方式 核心场景：规律作息、近视防控、运动习惯养成、均衡饮食。 必背词：healthy、exercise、diet、habit、energy 逻辑提示：条件（if）、对比（instead of），倡导科学自律。 三、命题与解题关键 - 体裁：仍以记叙文/夹叙夹议为主（约80%），少量说明文（科普/文化类）。 - 考点：实词（动词/名词/形容词）占比约80%，虚词侧重连词（逻辑）与介词（搭配）。 - 解题要点：先抓主旨（人物+事件+情感线），再用“前后呼应+逻辑词”锁定答案，最后复读验证连贯。 四、地市差异适配 - 济南/青岛：偏成长+文化主题，语篇稍长，逻辑题占比高。 - 潍坊/威海：偏科技+环保主题，科普类说明文概率上升。 - 菏泽/枣庄：偏校园+温情主题，文本简洁，基础题占比大。 考点一 题型破解 一、题型特点 1. 选材特点词数200词左右, 以记叙文为主; 选项考查实词为主, 虚词为辅, 一般为2～3个。主要考查动词、名词、形容词和副词的用法。 　(1)选材注重原汁原味, 体现新课标“关注学生情感, 提高人文素质”的理念。贴近考生生活实际, 积极、时尚, 融知识性、教育性和趣味性为一体。 　(2)体裁以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主, 说明文及议论文考查频率较少。 地区差异： - 济南/青岛：15小题，侧重夹叙夹议，难度中等偏上。 - 潍坊/威海：10小题，说明文占比略高，科普话题较多。 - 菏泽/枣庄：10小题，以简单记叙文为主，基础题占比大。 命题分布：常见的记叙文有小说、戏剧、传记、新闻报道和日记等类型。无论哪种记叙文，都囊括了事件的时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过和结果。记叙的手法写作顺序往往以时间顺序或按照事件的发展顺序来展开。最后升华总结作者的感悟。 难度分析：1.考查学生对词汇、句型和固定搭配的掌握，难度不大。　2.考查学生对篇章综合分析判断的能力，难度较大。 考点 解题要点 1. 解题步骤 1）. 重视首尾句, 把握主旨 解答完形填空的关键在于掌握理解短文大意。有时根据文章的首尾句就能抓住主题, 因为它是一个重要的“窗口”。通过它, 可以大致了解全文的概貌和作者的立意。考生应该充分利用此句的标志作用, 并将它作为一个解题的突破口, 据此展开思维。 2）. 速读全文, 把握脉络 　　跳过空格, 速读全文, 把握所叙述的人物或事件的脉络, 即who, when, where, what, how等信息。了解文章的内容、结构、时态、语态变化、情节的展开、结果的形成、文中人物的态度或作者的观点等。 3）. 细斟巧琢, 逐个敲定 　　在读懂、理解语篇的基础上, 综合调度所储存的语法、词汇、固定搭配等语言知识, 结合全文语境, 仔细斟酌、筛选、判定答案。 2. 解题原则 主旨优先原则：先通读全文（不看选项），把握文章体裁、主线情节和情感基调，避免“只见树木不见森林”。 语境至上原则：答案必须贴合上下文逻辑，优先通过前后句的复现词、因果/转折/条件等信号词锁定，而非单纯依赖语法或单词含义。 先易后难原则：先填明显有把握的空（如固定搭配、逻辑清晰的连词题），借助已填答案推进对语篇的理解，再攻克难题。 复读验证原则：全部填完后通读全文，检查语义是否连贯、时态语态是否一致、逻辑是否通顺，排除矛盾选项。 规避冗余原则：注意连词使用禁忌（如 because 和 so 不能连用），避免因忽略语法细节丢分。 【典例】 （2023·山东泰安·二模）Amy is 11 years old and lives in a city. She 1 much of her time at her grandmother’s home during the pandemic (疫情). The house has a large 2 that Amy explored (探索) when she wasn’t doing schoolwork online. One day, she saw her first four-leaf clover (四叶草) in the yard. “I was just walking, and I was so 3 because I know that they are not very common,” she said, “some people say they bring good luck.” Amy then researched 4 causes clovers to grow that fourth leaf. It’s because of the plant’s genes(基因). The plant’s genes tell the plant to grow three leaves. 5 sometimes the genes tell the plant to grow four leaves. Actually, a 2017 study found that just one in 5,000 clovers has four leaves. Amy has learned that four-leaf clovers grow in groups. “Then I wanted to find more of them,” she said. Amy began searching for more four-leaf clovers in the yard and it 6 her new hobby. By the summer of the next year, she had collected more than 500 of them. Her parents felt happy that Amy found a way to lower stress that many children were 7 during the pandemic. Her grandmother was also glad that Amy went outdoors and explored nature. “It’s a good thing that a city child was taking a(n) 8 in nature.” For her part, Amy said she has a way of 9 the loneliness she felt during the pandemic. “It gave me something to do because I didn’t have the 10 of being sad,” she said. “I got peace,” she added, “and this was wonderful because they were right in my backyard.” 1．A．disliked B．wasted C．spent D．forgot 2．A．kitchen B．yard C．room D．hall 3．A．excited B．sad C．bored D．afraid 4．A．when B．what C．how D．which 5．A．Because B．Then C．But D．So 6．A．became B．finished C．showed D．broke 7．A．organizing B．celebrating C．experiencing D．enjoying 8．A．trip B．interest C．role D．risk 9．A．dealing with B．talking with C．playing with D．helping with 10．A．shame B．chance C．problem D．meaning 【解析】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 一、主旨优先原则 在做题前先通读全文，能快速把握这篇文章的主线：Amy疫情期间在奶奶家发现四叶草，进而研究、收集四叶草，以此缓解压力和孤独。 作用：后续遇到不确定的空时，能根据“Amy从四叶草中获得慰藉、爱好”的主旨排除偏离主题的选项，比如第9空排除“talking with/playing with”，因为它们和“应对孤独”的主旨无关。 二、语境至上原则 每道题的答案都要贴合上下文的逻辑、线索，而非只看单词本身 1. 第2空：后文反复出现“in the yard”，直接通过语境复现词锁定yard，而非依赖单独的单词含义。 2. 第5空：前句说“基因让植物长三片叶子”，后句说“有时长四片”，通过语境的转折逻辑选But。 3. 第8空：结合奶奶的态度“glad that Amy went outdoors and explored nature”，通过语境推出是“对自然产生兴趣”，选interest（固定搭配 take an interest in 也印证了这一点）。 三、先易后难原则 做题时先填有明确线索的简单空，再借助已填答案攻克难题： 先填第2空（yard有复现）、第3空（excited符合发现四叶草的心情）、第6空（became符合“成为新爱好”的语境）； 再用这些已确定的答案，进一步理解语篇，解决第4空（what引导宾语从句）、第9空（dealing with应对孤独）这类需要结合整体语境的难题。 四、复读验证原则 填完所有空后通读全文，检查语义和逻辑是否连贯： 若第7空误选“enjoying”（享受压力），通读时会发现与“lower stress”（缓解压力）的逻辑矛盾，从而修正为“experiencing”（经历压力）； 若第9空误选“helping with”，通读时会发现和“loneliness”（孤独）搭配不当，进而改为“dealing with”。 五、规避冗余原则 这篇题中未直接考查连词冗余，但需注意语法细节： 比如第5空选了But，就不会再出现though等转折连词重复使用的情况；若涉及because/so的考点，需牢记二者不能连用。 3.备考重点 素材积累：精读近5年山东真题，每周2-3篇，标注动词短语+逻辑连词。 词汇突破：聚焦中考核心词的词义辨析+搭配，如put up/put off、since/because。 逻辑训练：刻意分析句间关系（转折/因果/条件），总结高频逻辑词（but/however/so/although/if）。 限时模拟：每篇控制在8-10分钟，训练速度与准确率。 Passage 1 （2025·山东滨州·中考真题）Last spring, our class planned a play for the school music festival. I was 1 to be a princess in the play. I was really glad because I had always dreamed of standing on the stage. I valued the 2 and practiced my lines (台词) every day. But during the rehearsal (排练), I was so nervous that every word disappeared from my head. Because of this, I was changed to play a small role, which made me really upset. 3 I didn’t tell my mother what had happened that day, she noticed my unhappiness and asked me if I wanted to take a walk in the garden. It was a lovely spring day. I walked slowly with my mother in the garden. I saw many flowers. 4 roses, there were also some small, unknown but beautiful flowers. My mother pointed at the small flowers and said, “I think I’ll 5 all these small flowers. In this way, we’ll only have beautiful roses in this garden.” “But I also like the small flowers,” I said. “All the flowers are beautiful, even the unknown ones! Each of them plays an important role in making a 6 garden.” My mother looked at me and said 7 , “Yes, every flower gives people pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it?” I nodded. “And the same goes for people, too,” she added. I realized that my mother had 8 why I was upset. “I can’t play a princess any more. I can only play a small role in the play.” I cried and told her the 9 . “But I believe you will be a good performer,” she said. Her words cheered me up. When the play finally came, everyone was amazed at my perfect performance. Thanks to my mother’s encouragement, I understood that 10 had his or her own value in the world. I was proud of my role in the play. 1．A．refused B．chosen C．warned D．punished 2．A．memory B．promise C．chance D．friendship 3．A．Until B．Unless C．Since D．Although 4．A．Besides B．Above C．Without D．Through 5．A．give out B．cut out C．find out D．clear out 6．A．colorful B．clean C．common D．comfortable 7．A．sadly B．seriously C．angrily D．politely 8．A．accepted B．explained C．guessed D．forgotten 9．A．standard B．theme C．victory D．reason 10．A．somebody B．everybody C．anybody D．nobody 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在校园音乐节排练中因紧张失去主要角色，通过母亲的花园比喻重拾信心，最终完美演出的故事。 1．句意：我被选为剧中的公主。 refused拒绝；chosen选择；warned警告；punished惩罚。根据“I was really glad because I had always dreamed of standing on the stage”可知，作者因被选中而高兴。故选B。 2．句意：我很珍惜这个机会，每天练习台词。 memory记忆；promise承诺；chance机会；friendship友谊。根据“practiced my lines (台词) every day”可知，作者重视这次演出机会。故选C。 3．句意：尽管那天我没有告诉母亲发生了什么，但她注意到我的不开心。 Until直到；Unless除非；Since因为；Although虽然。根据“I didn’t tell my mother what had happened that day”和“she noticed my unhappiness and asked me if I wanted to take a walk in the garden”可知，前后句为转折关系，应用although引导让步状语从句，故选D。 4．句意：除了玫瑰，还有一些不知名但美丽的小花。 Besides除了；Above在……上方；Without没有；Through通过。根据“there were also some small, unknown but beautiful flowers”可知，花园里除了玫瑰还有其他的小花，故选A。 5．句意：我想我会把这些小花都清除掉。 give out分发；cut out剪掉；find out发现；clear out清除。根据“we’ll only have beautiful roses”可知，母亲假装要把所有的小花都清除掉，只留下玫瑰。故选D。 6．句意：每一朵花都在打造一个多彩的花园中扮演着重要的角色。 colorful多彩的；clean干净的；common普通的；comfortable舒适的。根据“All the flowers are beautiful”可知，强调花园的色彩丰富。故选A。 7．句意：母亲看着我，认真地说：“是的，每一朵花都以其独特的方式给人带来愉悦，不是吗？” sadly悲伤地；seriously认真地；angrily生气地；politely礼貌地。根据“Yes, every flower gives people pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it?”可知，母亲在认真地和作者说话，故选B。 8．句意：我意识到母亲猜到了我难过的原因。 accepted接受；explained解释；guessed猜测；forgotten忘记。根据上文“she noticed my unhappiness”可知，母亲是通过观察推测的。故选C。 9．句意：我哭着告诉了她原因。 standard标准；theme主题；victory胜利；reason原因。根据前文“why I was upset”可知，此处指解释原因。故选D。 10．句意：多亏了母亲的鼓励，我明白了每个人在世界上都有自己的价值。 somebody某人；everybody每个人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据“I was proud of my role in the play.”可知，作者明白了每个人都有自己的价值，故选B。 Passage 2 （2025·山东日照·中考真题）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Tim had always struggled with his weight. At school, his classmates would call him “Big Tim”. Every day, he wished he could be like other kids, running fast and playing sports 1 , but that always seemed out of reach. One day, a group of his classmates decided to play a 2 on him. They secretly entered him for the school’s long-distance race. They thought it would be fun to watch him 3 . On the race day, as Tim was about to 4 his classmates to watch the race in the stands (看台), he saw some of them holding posters of his face with big words “The Big Runner” and “Go Tim”. He realized he was tricked into the race. He froze there, 5 . The race started, and to everyone’s 6 , Tim began to jog. It was not fast. He kept moving, 7 he could hardly keep up with the other runners. His legs burned with each step, but he didn’t stop. As the race went on, something 8 . A few students started cheering for him. “Come on, Tim” they shouted. Their encouragement made Tim feel 9 . It wasn’t about winning anymore; it was about 10 to himself that he could finish. By the time he reached the final lap (圈), Tim was tired out, but he pushed through. As he 11 the finish line, he fell to the ground, completely out of breath. His classmates, who had once 12 him, were now clapping and shouting his name. Tim smiled. It didn’t matter that he hadn’t 13 the race. He had finished, and that was more than he ever thought 14 . From that day on, the teasing (取笑) stopped. Tim had shown everyone that strength wasn’t about 15 —it was about heart. 1．A．safely B．quickly C．easily D．properly 2．A．game B．trick C．part D．record 3．A．fail B．cry C．smile D．succeed 4．A．find B．cheer C．help D．join 5．A．relaxed B．excited C．embarrassed D．disappointed 6．A．surprise B．joy C．shame D．anger 7．A．since B．though C．when D．until 8．A．stopped B．worked C．disappeared D．changed 9．A．healthier B．luckier C．cooler D．lighter 10．A．suggesting B．explaining C．proving D．promising 11．A．crossed B．saw C．missed D．left 12．A．argued with B．laughed at C．competed with D．cared about 13．A．entered B．won C．completed D．watched 14．A．necessary B．interesting C．valuable D．possible 15．A．speed B．height C．size D．time 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．D 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，蒂姆因体重常被同学捉弄，被哄骗参加长跑比赛却坚持跑完，最后他用行动证明力量源于内心，也赢得了同学们的尊重。 1．句意：每天，他都希望自己能像其他孩子一样，轻松地快速奔跑和做运动，但这似乎总是遥不可及。 safely安全地；quickly快速地；easily轻松地；properly适当地。根据“Every day, he wished he could be like other kids, running fast and playing sports...”可知，从“but that always seemed out of reach”可推断，他希望能像其他孩子一样毫无困难、“轻松地”进行运动，此处选easily。 故选C。 2．句意：有一天，他的一群同学决定捉弄他。 game游戏；trick诡计，玩笑；part部分；record记录。根据“One day, a group of his classmates decided to play a...on him.”以及后文“They secretly entered him for the school’s long-distance race”可知，这里是说同学们决定对他搞个“恶作剧”，“play a trick on sb.”是固定搭配，表示“捉弄某人”，此处选trick。故选B。 3．句意：他们觉得看他失败会很有趣。 fail失败；cry哭泣；smile微笑；succeed成功。根据“They thought it would be fun to watch him...”以及他们捉弄他让他参加不擅长的长跑比赛这一行为可知，他们想看他在比赛中“失败”出丑，此处选fail。故选A。 4．句意：比赛当天，蒂姆正要和同学们一起去看台观看比赛，这时他看到他们中的一些人举着印有他头像的海报，上面写着“大长跑健将”和“蒂姆加油”等大大的字。 find找到；cheer欢呼；help帮助；join加入。根据“On the race day, as Tim was about to...his classmates to watch the race in the stands (看台)”可知，这里表示蒂姆正要“加入”同学们一起去看台看比赛，此处选join。故选D。 5．句意：他尴尬地僵在那里。 relaxed放松的；excited兴奋的；embarrassed尴尬的；disappointed失望的。根据“He realized he was tricked into the race. He froze there...”可知，被同学骗去参加比赛，这种情况会让他感到“尴尬”，此处选embarrassed。故选C。 6．句意：比赛开始了，令每个人惊讶的是，蒂姆开始慢跑。 surprise惊讶；joy快乐；shame羞愧；anger愤怒。根据“The race started, and to everyone’s...”以及大家原本以为他不会跑或跑不下来，结果他开始跑了，这一情况让大家感到“惊讶”，“to one’s surprise”是固定短语，表示“令某人惊讶的是”，蒂姆的行为让人感到惊讶，此处选surprise。故选A。 7．句意：他一直在跑，尽管他几乎跟不上其他选手。 since自从；though尽管；when当……时候；until直到。根据“He kept moving,...he could hardly keep up with the other runners.”可知，前后句子存在转折让步关系，即“虽然”他几乎跟不上其他选手，但他一直在跑，此处选though引导让步状语从句。故选B。 8．句意：随着比赛的进行，情况发生了变化。 stopped停止；worked工作；disappeared消失；changed改变。根据“As the race went on, something...”以及后文“A few students started cheering for him.”可知，比赛过程中情况和之前不一样了，发生了“改变”，此处选changed。故选D。 9．句意：他们的鼓励让蒂姆感觉更轻松。 healthier更健康；luckier更幸运；cooler更酷；lighter更轻松。根据“Their encouragement made Tim feel...”可知，同学们的鼓励让蒂姆在心理上负担减轻，更有动力去跑，这里用“lighter”比较合适，可理解为心理上“更轻松”，此处选lighter。故选D。 10．句意：这不再是关于获胜；而是关于向自己证明他能完成比赛。 suggesting建议；explaining解释；proving证明；promising承诺。根据“It wasn’t about winning anymore; it was about...to himself that he could finish.”可知，蒂姆坚持跑下去的目的是“证明”自己有能力完成比赛，此处选proving。故选C。 11．句意：当他冲过终点线时，他倒在地上，完全喘不过气来。 crossed穿过；saw看见；missed错过；left离开。根据“As he...the finish line, he fell to the ground, completely out of breath.”可知，这里描述他“穿过”终点线这一动作，“cross the finish line”是常用表达“冲过终点线”，此处选crossed。故选A。 12．句意：他那些曾经嘲笑他的同学，现在都在鼓掌并呼喊他的名字。 argued with与……争论；laughed at嘲笑；competed with与……竞争；cared about关心。根据“His classmates, who had once...him, were now clapping and shouting his name.”以及前文同学们捉弄他、叫他“Big Tim”等内容可知，曾经同学们是“嘲笑”他的，此处选laughed at。故选B。 13．句意：蒂姆没有赢得比赛也没关系。 entered进入；won赢得；completed完成；watched观看。根据“It didn’t matter that he hadn’t...the race.”可知，这里说的是他没有“赢得”比赛，此处选won。故选B。 14．句意：他跑完了，这比他曾经认为的可能的事情要多得多。 necessary必要的；interesting有趣的；valuable有价值的；possible可能的。根据“He had finished, and that was more than he ever thought...”可知，他完成比赛这件事超出了他之前认为自己能做到的“可能性”范围，此处选possible。故选D。 15．句意：蒂姆向每个人表明，力量不在于体型大小——而在于内心。 speed速度；height高度；size尺寸，体型；time时间。根据“From that day on, the teasing (取笑) stopped. Tim had shown everyone that strength wasn’t about...—it was about heart.”以及前文围绕他因体重问题被捉弄展开可知，这里说的是力量不是由“体型”决定的，此处选size。故选C。 Passage 3 （2026·山东·模拟预测）Over the past ten years, my hometown has changed beyond imagination. These changes make people’s lives happier and full of hope, thanks to good policies and people’s hard work. Thirty years ago, most families here were not 1 . Many kids even dropped out of school to help with farm work. But now, 2 has been greatly developed. The government built new schools with modern facilities, and every child can 3 good education. Teachers try their best to help students, and students all 4 to enter ideal high schools. People’s living habits have changed too. In the past, people had no 5 time for hobbies. They were busy making a living all day. Now, after work, they can take part in different activities, like dancing, reading 6 doing sports. There are also new parks and squares where people can relax. What’s more, people’s ideas become open. They reach 7 on building a greener hometown. Many families plant trees around their houses, and the environment is getting better. We 8 see some big changes in traffic—narrow roads turn into wide streets, and buses are more convenient. With these changes, people know they can 9 more dreams if they keep working hard. No one thought our hometown would become so great before, and we 10 a better future. We feel lucky to live in such a good time and will cherish it. 1．A．wealthy B．poor C．busy 2．A．health B．education C．traffic 3．A．bring B．lose C．get 4．A．plan B．refuse C．forget 5．A．spare B．happy C．relaxing 6．A．so B．or C．but 7．A．agreement B．problem C．decision 8．A．too B．also C．either 9．A．achieve B．give C．lose 10．A．hope B．wait C．expect 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文描述家乡十年间的巨变，涵盖经济、教育、生活及环境等方面，体现政策与努力带来的幸福生活。 1．句意：三十年前，这里大多数家庭都不富有。 wealthy富有的；poor贫穷的；busy忙碌的。根据后文“Many kids even dropped out of school to help with farm work.”可知，很多孩子辍学帮忙做农活，说明家庭不富有，所以选wealthy，故选A。 2．句意：但是现在，教育得到了极大的发展。 health健康；education教育；traffic交通。根据后文“The government built new schools with modern facilities...”可知，政府建了新学校，说明教育得到了发展，所以选education，故选B。 3．句意：政府建了带有现代化设施的新学校，并且每个孩子都能得到良好的教育。 bring带来；lose失去；get得到。根据“The government built new schools with modern facilities”可知，建了新学校，孩子们能得到良好教育，所以选get，故选C。 4．句意：老师们尽最大努力帮助学生，并且学生们都计划进入理想的高中。 plan计划；refuse拒绝；forget忘记。根据“enter ideal high schools”可知，是计划进入理想高中，所以选plan，表示“计划”，故选A。 5．句意：在过去，人们没有空闲时间培养爱好。 spare空闲的；happy开心的；relaxing令人放松的。根据“They were busy making a living all day.”可知，人们忙着谋生，没有空闲时间，所以选spare，故选A。 6．句意：现在，下班后，他们可以参加不同的活动，像跳舞、阅读或者做运动。 so所以；or或者；but但是。根据“dancing, reading...doing sports”可知，此处是选择关系，用or连接，故选B。 7．句意：他们在建设一个更绿色的家乡上达成一致。 agreement一致；problem问题；decision决定。根据“on building a greener hometown”以及后文人们种树等行为可知，是在建设绿色家乡上达成一致，reach agreement“达成一致”，所以选agreement，表示“一致”，故选A。 8．句意：我们在交通方面也能看到一些大的变化——狭窄的道路变成了宽阔的街道，公交车更方便了。 too也，用于肯定句句末；also也，用于句中；either也，用于否定句句末。根据此空在句中可知，用also表示“也”，故选B。 9．句意：随着这些变化，人们知道如果他们继续努力工作，他们能实现更多梦想。 achieve实现；give给；lose失去。根据“more dreams”可知，是实现梦想，所以选achieve，故选A。 10．句意：以前没人想到我们的家乡会变得这么棒，并且我们期待一个更好的未来。 hope希望；wait等待；expect期待。根据“a better future”可知，是期待更好的未来，所以选expect，故选C。 Passage 4 （2022·山东青岛·中考真题）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Respecting teachers has always been a tradition in China. Yang Shi was a philosopher（哲学家）in the Northern Song Dynasty. One day, he and his schoolmates had different opinions on a question. To get a 1 answer, he went to visit Cheng Yi, the famous philosopher. At Cheng’s house,   2 , the guarding kid told him that Mr. Cheng was meditating（冥想）in his room and asked him to go back. Yang 3 to leave, so the little boy left him alone and went in. After a while, it began to snow 4 . The little boy came out again and reminded Yang that Mr. Cheng might spend the whole afternoon meditating. He invited Yang to 5 himself in the house to avoid the wind and snow. But Yang kept standing in the snow and waiting outside in order that he could ask Cheng’s 6 on the question. As soon as Cheng finished meditating, the boy reported that Yang was waiting outside. When 7 this, Cheng came out to see Yang. When the door was opened, everyone was 8 . The snow was more than a foot deep, but Yang stood still,   9 moving his feet. “Young man, why are you so silly? You could have come again someday!” Cheng took Yang to the room at once. “As a student…if I want to learn from the teacher…I should…of course…respectfully wait outside…” said Yang, shaking with cold. Cheng was very happy and accepted Yang as his student because of Yang’s politeness and effort to learn. He taught Yang all his philosophical thoughts. That made a big 10 to Yang’s life. Later, Yang really learned a lot and made great contributions（贡献）to his country. 1．A．similar B．correct C．wrong D．difficult 2．A．besides B．however C．anyway D．instead 3．A．hoped B．agreed C．refused D．wanted 4．A．heavily B．early C．deeply D．wisely 5．A．warm B．find C．cool D．hide 6．A．method B．rule C．record D．opinion 7．A．hearing B．seeing C．feeling D．receiving 8．A．excited B．relaxed C．shocked D．interested 9．A．by B．with C．on D．without 10．A．choice B．difference C．decision D．plan 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了“程门立雪”的故事。 1．句意：为了得到正确的答案，他去拜访了著名哲学家程颐。 similar相似的；correct正确的；wrong错误的；difficult困难的。根据“he and his schoolmates had different opinions on a question.”可知，意见不同所以是想要得到正确的答案。故选B。 2．句意：然而，在程的家里，守卫小孩告诉他，程先生正在他的房间里冥想，并请他回去。 besides此外；however然而；anyway无论如何；instead代替。根据“the guarding kid told him that Mr. Cheng was meditating（冥想）in his room and asked him to go back.”可知，此处表示转折，来到程颐的家，然而他却在家冥想。故选B。 3．句意：杨时拒绝离开，所以小男孩留下他一个人走了进去。 hoped希望；agreed同意；refused拒绝；wanted想要。根据“so the little boy left him alone and went in.”以及下文可知，杨时没有离开。故选C。 4．句意：过了一会儿，天开始下起大雪。 heavily大量地；early早地；deeply深地；wisely明智地。根据“The little boy came out again and reminded Yang that Mr. Cheng might spend the whole afternoon meditating”可知，雪下大了。snow heavily“下大雪”。故选A。 5．句意：他邀请杨时在屋里暖和暖和来躲避刮风和下雪。 warm（使）温暖；find发现；cool（使）冷却；hide隐藏。根据“He invited Yang to...himself in the house”可知，此处是指在屋子里暖和一下。warm oneself“取暖”。故选A。 6．句意：但杨时一直站在雪地里，在外面等着，以便他能问程对这个问题的看法。 method方法；rule规则；record记录；opinion看法。根据“ask Cheng’s...on the question.”可知，此处是指程对这个问题的看法。故选D。 7．句意：听到这个消息，程颐出来见了杨时。 hearing听到；seeing看见；feeling感觉；receiving收到。根据“the boy reported that Yang was waiting outside.”可知，此处是指程颐一听到这个消息。故选A。 8．句意：当门打开时，所有人都震惊了。 excited激动的；relaxed轻松的；shocked震惊的；interested感兴趣的。根据“The snow was more than a foot deep, but Yang stood still”可知，雪很深了但是杨时一动不动，这让所有人很震惊。故选C。 9．句意：雪有一英尺多深，但杨时站在那里一动不动，双脚一动也不动。 by借助；with和；on在上面；without没有。根据“Yang stood still”可知，杨时不一动不动，所以双脚也没动。故选D。 10．句意：这对杨时的生活产生了很大的影响。 choice选择；difference不同；decision决定；plan计划。根据“Later, Yang really learned a lot and made great contributions（贡献）to his country.”可知，此处是指对杨时生活产生了很大影响。固定短语make a difference to“对……产生影响”。故选B。 Passage 5 （2023·山东泰安·二模）Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most 1 things in the modern world, it is the result of thousands of years of human invention. First came the invention of 2 , probably about 5,500 years ago. With writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could share their knowledge with future generations and 3 with people that they never saw. Later, the Greeks were well-known for their literature and science, but their “books” looked very different. They were called scrolls（卷轴）. They were differently 4 and took up a lot of space. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages 5 . For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made with animal skin. And that changed in 6 century. At that time, the Europeans learnt about a 7 Chinese invention: paper. Then the biggest change for books in Europe came in the 1440s; 8 Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing machine. Before that, people in Europe copied books by hand, so they were very expensive. With a printing machine, people were able to produce more books easily. So it was possible for more and more people to afford the books. These days 9 is difficult to imagine a world without books. But human invention never 10 . Every year, more and more people buy e-books to read stories on the screen. Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future, or will books, like scrolls, soon disappear? 1．A．another B．other C．the others 2．A．write B．wrote C．writing 3．A．communicated B．communicate C．communicating 4．A．to use B．use C．used 5．A．appear B．appeared C．would appear 6．A．thirteen B．thirteenth C．the thirteenth 7．A．practical B．practice C．practically 8．A．if B．when C．but 9．A．that B．this C．it 10．A．stops B．to stop C．stopped 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲书的由来及发展史。 1．句意：就像现代世界的大多数东西一样，它是人类几千年来发明的结果。 another三者及以上的另一个；other其他的；the others其他的人或物。此处作定语修饰其后的名词“things”，没有特定范围，故选B。 2．句意：首先是书写的发明，大约在5500年前。 write动词原形；wrote动词过去式；writing动名词/现在分词/名词。介词of后接动名词，故选C。 3．句意：他们可以与后代分享他们的知识，并与他们从未见过的人交流。 communicated动词过去式；communicate动词原形；communicating动名词/现在分词。此处用于and连接的与“share”的并列结构中，用于情态动词could后，使用动词原形即可，故选B。 4．句意：它们使用起来很不一样，而且占用了很多空间。 to use动词不定式；use动词原形；used动词过去式/过去分词。根据were可知，此空应填过去分词，与其构成一般过去时被动语态，故选C。 5．句意：大约2000年前，出现了页数很多的书。 appear一般现在时；appeared动词过去式；would appear过去将来时。根据“About 2,000 years ago”可知，动作发生在过去，所以使用过去式，故选B。 6．句意：这种情况在13世纪发生了变化。 thirteen十三；thirteenth第十三；the thirteenth定冠词the+序数词。此处表示“第十三世纪”，用序数词表示顺序，其前需加定冠词the，故选C。 7．句意：当时，欧洲人了解到中国的一项实用发明：纸。 practical实际的；practice练习，名词/动词；practically实际地。此处作定语修饰其后的名词短语“Chinese invention”，所以使用形容词，故选A。 8．句意：1440年代，当Johannes Gutenberg发明印刷机时，欧洲书籍发生了最大的变化。 if如果；when当……时；but但是。分析句子结构可知，此空缺少时间状语从句连词when引导时间状语从句，故选B。 9．句意：如今很难想象一个没有书籍的世界。 that那个；this这个；it它。此处构成“it is+adj+to do sth”句型，使用it作形式主语，故选C。 10．句意：但是人类的发明从未停止过。 stops动词三单；to stop动词不定式；stopped动词过去式/过去分词。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是“human invention”，所以谓语使用动词三单，故选A。 Passage 6 （2023·山东聊城·三模）Born in 1037, Su Shi was a great poet in the Song Dynasty. He left his hometown for the capital city at the age of 19. And one year later, he 1 because of his excellent performance in the examinations held by the emperor. During his lifetime, Su Shi created many wonderful works. One of the most famous 2 was Tune: Prelude to Water Melody (《水调歌头》). It was 3 in 1076 when Su Shi worked in Mizhou. It was the Mid-Autumn Festival. Su Shi missed his brother very much 4 he hadn’t seen him for seven years. He wrote this poem to 5 how he expected to see his brother again. In the poem, he wished that they 6 and all people would have long lives and be able to share the bright round moon even if they were far away. As an officer, Su Shi did many good things for people. When he was the officer in Hangzhou, he organized people to rebuild the West Lake. He even built a 7 bank with six bridges by using the earth from the lake. People called the bank “Su Bank” in memory of him. In the hearts of Chinese people, Su Shi was a great poet and officer. Actually, he was 8 a good cook. “Dongpo Pork” is even 9 after him. The 10 he went to and the things he did are still popular topics for today’s Chinese people. He will always be remembered. 1．A．came round B．fell away C．became famous 2．A．novels B．poems C．songs 3．A．written B．chosen C．bought 4．A．but B．because C．so 5．A．express B．excuse C．examine 6．A．both B．all C．neither 7．A．long B．high C．wide 8．A．also B．either C．neither 9．A．named B．went C．run 10．A．places B．palaces C．plans 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．A 8．A 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了苏轼写《水调歌头》的背景、他组织人们修建苏堤及他独创的东坡肉。 1．句意：一年后，他因为在皇帝举行的考试中表现出色而出名。 came round回转；fell away消失；became famous变得出名。根据“because of his excellent performance in the examinations held by the emperor”可知因在科考中表现出色而出名。故选C。 2．句意：其中最著名的一首诗是《水调歌头》。 novels小说；poems诗歌；songs歌曲。根据“Tune: Prelude to Water Melody”可知是最著名的诗歌之一。故选B。 3．句意：它写于1076年，当时苏轼在密州工作。 written写；chosen选择；bought买。根据“One of the most famous ... was Tune: Prelude to Water Melody.”可知此处讲《水调歌头》写于1076年。故选A。 4．句意：苏轼很想念他的弟弟，因为他已经七年没有见到他了。 but但是；because因为；so因此。句子前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选B。 5．句意：他写这首诗是为了表达他多么盼望再次见到他的兄弟。 express表达；excuse借口；examine检查。根据“how he expected to see his brother again”可知是表达多想再见到自己的兄弟。故选A。 6．句意：在这首诗中，他希望他们和所有的人都能长寿，即使他们相隔遥远，也能共享明亮的圆月。 both两者都；all三者或三者以上都；neither两者都不。根据“how he expected to see his brother again”可知此处they指代苏轼和他的弟弟，两者都能共享圆月，用both。故选A。 7．句意：他甚至用湖中的泥土建了一座有六座桥的长堤。 long长的；high高的；wide宽的。根据“He even built a ... bank with six bridges by using the earth from the lake.”可知修建了长堤。故选A。 8．句意：事实上，他也是个好厨师。 also也；either也；neither两者都不。此处是肯定句中间，用also表达“也”。故选A。 9．句意：“东坡肉”甚至以他的名字命名。 named命名；went走；run跑。be named after sb.“以某人的名字命名”。故选A。 10．句意：他去过的地方和他所做的事情仍然是今天中国人的热门话题。 places地方；palaces宫殿；plans计划。根据“he went to”可知是去过的地方。故选A。 Passage 7 （2023·山东日照·一模）阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Sophie, 13, won the 2019 New Zealand’s “Think kind” competition for students. “I held a beach clean-up, because it really 1 me that marine（海洋的）life is hurt by thoughtless decisions of humans.” Sophie saw 2 on the sea floor while snorkeling（徒手潜泳）. “It was the first time I’d seen marine life 3 among plastics.” It was the trigger（起因）of her act. “We weren’t taking enough 4 . Everyone needs to do their 5 , otherwise we’re going to 6 our planet.” Sophie turned to media to get her 7 out and ask for volunteers at the clean-up. To her surprise, more than 200 people turned up. 200 kilograms of rubbish were 8 that day. “It was horrible. We knew rubbish was there but we didn’t realize how 9 the rubbish was until we started collecting.” Once ecological awareness（生态意识） 10 Sophie, she decided to do something different. On her 14th birthday, she decided to celebrate differently. 11 holding a party creating waste, she decided to reduce it. On her “party”, Sophie and her friends 12 to pick up the rubbish that stored up along the river bank near the town. “If there is one thing everyone could do, it is to 13 after yourself”, says Sophie. “It’s hard for some families to afford plastic alternatives, but just not buying things wrapped in plastic will help.” She suggests using 14 materials like metal straws. “When there are more alternatives on the market, it will be 15 for individuals to make a change.” 1．A．interests B．excites C．encourages D．bothers 2．A．rocks B．creatures C．garbage D．plants 3．A．increasing B．living C．dying D．eating 4．A．advice B．time C．patience D．action 5．A．lessons B．part C．work D．activities 6．A．put down B．deal with C．let down D．cut out 7．A．message B．text C．stories D．methods 8．A．recycled B．buried C．sold D．collected 9．A．smelly B．tough C．much D．far 10．A．thought B．reached C．hit D．found 11．A．In fear of B．In hope of C．Instead of D．Because of 12．A．claimed B．expected C．continued D．failed 13．A．pick up B．set up C．turn up D．back up 14．A．valuable B．recyclable C．inexpensive D．creative 15．A．better B．easier C．happier D．longer 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．C 11．C 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sophie因为号召和参与清理海滩和河岸垃圾的举动赢得了2019年新西兰学生“善良思考”竞赛的冠军。 1．句意：我举行了一次海滩清理活动，因为海洋生物被人类轻率的决定所伤害，这真的让我很烦恼。 interests感兴趣；excites使兴奋；encourages鼓励；bothers困扰。根据“that marine（海洋的）life is hurt by thoughtless decisions of humans”可知，此处意思是海洋生物被人类轻率的决定所伤害，这是“烦恼”。故选D。 2．句意：Sophie在徒手潜泳时看到了海底的垃圾。 rocks岩石；creatures生物；garbage垃圾；plants植物。根据“plastics”和下文“rubbish”可知，在海底看到的是“垃圾”。故选C。 3．句意：这是我第一次看到海洋生物生活在塑料之中。 increasing增加；living生活；dying死亡；eating吃。根据“I’d seen marine life... among plastics”可知，此处表示看到海洋生物“生活在”塑料之中。故选B。 4．句意：我们没有采取足够的行动。 advice建议；time时间；patience耐心；action行动。此处是固定搭配，take action“采取行动”。故选D。 5．句意：每个人都需要做自己的事，否则我们会让我们的星球失望。 lessons课程；part部分；work工作；activities活动。根据“Everyone needs to do their…”可知，此处意思是每个人都要尽自己的那“部分”责任。故选B。 6．句意：每个人都需要做自己的事，否则我们会让我们的星球失望。 put down放下；deal with处理；let down使失望；cut out切断。根据“otherwise”可知，如果我们不采取行动会使我们的地球“感到失望”。故选C。 7．句意：Sophie向媒体发出她的信息，并请求志愿者来清理。 message消息；text文本；stories故事；methods方法。根据“ask for volunteers at the clean-up.”可知，她想请求志愿者清理，所以她要放出去有关“消息”。故选A。 8．句意：那天收集了200公斤的垃圾。 recycled回收；buried埋葬；sold卖；collected收集。根据“200 kilograms of rubbish”可知，此处表示的是垃圾“被收集”。故选D。 9．句意：我们知道垃圾在那里，但我们没有意识到有多少垃圾，直到我们开始收集。 smelly臭的；tough坚韧的；much大量的；far远的。根据“200 kilograms of rubbish”可知有很多垃圾，故选C。 10．句意：Sophie意识到生态问题后，她决定做一些不同的事情。 thought想；reached到达；hit突然意识到；found找到。此处是固定搭配，something hit sb“使某人想起某事”，在此处符合语境。故选C。 11．句意：她决定减少聚会的浪费，而不是举办聚会制造浪费。 In fear of担心……；In hope of怀着……的希望；Instead of而不是；Because of因为。根据“holding a party creating waste, she decided to reduce it.”可知，逗号前后的句子是转折关系，表示“而不是”举办聚会制造浪费，她决定减少聚会的浪费。故选C。 12．句意：在她的“派对”上，Sophie和她的朋友们继续捡城镇附近河岸上堆积的垃圾。 claimed声称；expected期望；continued继续；failed失败。上文已经介绍了她的海滩清理计划，所以这里意思是她们继续坚持捡垃圾，故选C。 13．句意：如果有一件事是每个人都能做的，那就是自己捡起垃圾。 pick up捡起；set up建立；turn up出现；back up支持。此处是固定搭配，pick up after yourself“收拾自己的烂摊子”。故选A。 14．句意：她建议使用金属吸管等可回收材料。 valuable有价值的；recyclable可回收的；inexpensive便宜的；creative有创造力的。根据“materials like metal straws.”可知，表示使用“可回收”材料来保护环境。故选B。 15．句意：当市场上有更多的选择时，个人就更容易做出改变。 better更好的；easier更容易的；happier更开心的；longer更长的。根据“When there are more alternatives on the market”可知，因为有更多选择，所以人们改变起来更加“容易”。故选B。 Passage 8 （2023·山东淄博·二模）阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。 Some people are not content（满足）with normal hobbies, such as collecting stamps or taking photos. They 1 doing things that most people would never do. My friend’s uncle has an unusual hobby like that. He enjoys 2 the oldest things. Several years ago, he went to see the oldest tree. Or at least, that was what he thought. The tree was in White Mountains, California and it was over 4,840 years old. You might 3 it to be a really big tree. But that was not the case at all. Actually, it was quite 4 . It was only 15 meters high. Then, why did it live so long? You might think that for a tree to live so long it would have perfect 5 , such as plenty of water, a good climate（气候）and rich soil（土壤）. 6 just the opposite was true. The place was really cold and sometimes there was no water and the soil was quite poor. In fact, this tree’s 7 life made it strong. Now, let me tell you something more interesting. When my friend’s uncle returned from his trip to see the tree, he read an article in a newspaper. It was 8 the world’s oldest tree, Old Tjikko. It was discovered in Sweden and it was over 9,550 years old. You couldn’t 9 how surprised he was! The next year, my friend’s uncle went to Sweden to see this tree. He said, “That’s the way 10 work. You set your goals, and you do what it takes to achieve them.” 1．A．are poor at B．are careful with C．are bored with D．are interested in 2．A．seeing B．making C．selling D．buying 3．A．record B．expect C．describe D．refuse 4．A．small B．weak C．heavy D．tall 5．A．methods B．instructions C．conditions D．experiences 6．A．So B．But C．And D．Because 7．A．difficult B．lonely C．happy D．busy 8．A．with B．from C．about D．over 9．A．remember B．imagine C．explain D．stand 10．A．ideas B．jobs C．messages D．hobbies 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者朋友的叔叔不同寻常的爱好。 1．句意：他们对大多数人永远不会做的事情很感兴趣。 are poor at不擅长；are careful with小心；are bored with厌倦了；are interested in对……感兴趣。根据“Some people are not content(满足) with normal hobbies”（有些人不满足于正常的爱好）可知，他们对大多数人永远不会做的事情很感兴趣。故选D。 2．句意：他喜欢看最古老的东西。 seeing看见；making制作；selling卖；buying买。根据“Several years ago, he went to see the oldest tree.”（几年前，他去看最老的树。）可知，他喜欢看最古老的东西。故选A。 3．句意：你可能期望它是一棵很大的树。 record记录；expect期望；describe描述；refuse拒绝。根据“it was over 4,840 years old.”（它有4840多年的历史。）可知，指的是期望它是一棵很大的树，因此选expect，构成短语expect sb/sth to be“期望某人/某物是”。故选B。 4．句意：事实上，它相当小。 small小的；weak虚弱的；heavy重的；tall高的。根据“You might expect it to be a really big tree. But that was not the case at all.”（你可能期望它是一棵很大的树。但事实并非如此。）可知，它相当小。故选A。 5．句意：你可能会想，一棵树能活这么久，它应该有完美的条件，比如充足的水、良好的气候和肥沃的土壤。 methods方法；instructions说明；conditions条件；experiences经历。根据“such as plenty of water, a good climate (气候) and rich soil(土壤).”（比如充足的水、良好的气候和肥沃的土壤。）可知，此处指完美的条件。故选C。 6．句意：但是事实恰恰相反。 So所以；But但是；And并且；Because因为。根据“You might think that for a tree to live so long it would have perfect conditions”（你可能会想，一棵树能活这么久，它应该有完美的条件）和“The place was really cold and sometimes there was no water and the soil was quite poor.”（那个地方真的很冷，有时没有水，土壤也很贫瘠。）可知，前后之间构成转折关系。故选B。 7．句意：事实上，这棵树的艰苦生活使它变得强壮。 difficult困难的，艰难的；lonely孤独的；happy开心的；busy忙碌的。根据“The place was really cold and sometimes there was no water and the soil was quite poor.”（那个地方真的很冷，有时没有水，土壤也很贫瘠。）可知，这棵树的艰苦生活使它变得强壮。故选A。 8．句意：它是关于世界上最古老的树——老季科树。它是在瑞典发现的，有9550多年的历史了。 with和；from从；about关于；over在……上面。根据“he read an article in a newspaper”（他在报纸上读了一篇文章）可知，这个故事是关于世界上最古老的树。故选C。 9．句意：你无法想象他有多惊讶! remember记住；imagine想象；explain解释；stand站立。根据“it was over 9,550 years old”（它有超过9550年的历史）可知，此处指他很多惊讶。故选B。 10．句意：这就是爱好的作用。 ideas主意；jobs工作；messages信息；hobbies爱好。根据上文“Some people are not content (满足) with normal hobbies”（有些人不满足于正常的爱好）可知，此处指爱好的作用。故选D。 Passage 9 （2023·山东济南·三模）I jumped, reached the lowest part of the maple tree, and lifted myself up. Then I got close to the tree house. “Angie, open up.” I 1 on the door. “No!” Angie said. I moved carefully and climbed in through the window opening Dad had cut in the wall. Angie sat in one corner, head against knees. “Mom says you’ve been here long enough. You have to come down.” I said. Angie shook her head. “I’m living in this tree forever and 2 going to school again.” “Oh? What happened?” I asked. Angie’s eyes filled with tears, and she 3 her face with her hands. “I told Dick at school we were getting a new baby 4 . He asked, ‘What color? Green?’ He said the baby won’t really be my brother, the 5 way you aren’t. He said our family isn’t a real family. All 6 colors—black and yellow and white.” “Well, we are a real family. You and I and the baby are adopted (收养). So what?” I sat down opposite her. I kept going, 7 the facts. “Who taught you to read, to skate, and to e-mail Grandma?”“You.” said Angie. “ 8 did I do all that?” I asked, and then I answered 9 own question. “Because I’m your brother.” “And who would climb this tree, 10 she’s the worst tree climber in the whole world, to make sure you were OK?” “Probably Mom.” Angie replied. “Finally, who built this tree house because you wanted one so badly, even after he’d hurt his hand badly with the hammer?” She let out a smile and said, “It’s a good thing Daddy doesn’t build tree houses for a 11 .” I knew what she meant. Nothing about the tree house was straight or even (平滑的). 12 , it was a great tree house. Like our family, it was one of a kind and built 13 love. “Hey, guys, are you coming 14 ?” Mom called. “Dad will be home for dinner any minute.” Dinner was a family event, where everyone shared the day’s news. I reached out my hand and 15 her to her feet. “The first time we see the new baby, we’ll know he’s part of our family.” “Even if he’s green?” Angie asked. “Even if,” I answered. 1．A．picked B．knocked C．listed D．fell 2．A．never B．always C．nearly D．just 3．A．made B．kissed C．washed D．covered 4．A．partner B．friend C．brother D．sister 5．A．same B．healthy C．good D．simple 6．A．valuable B．special C．different D．beautiful 7．A．eating out B．laying out C．cutting out D．coming out 8．A．Why B．What C．How D．When 9．A．his B．our C．her D．my 10．A．even if B．so that C．as long as D．by the time 11．A．study B．gift C．job D．hobby 12．A．Terribly B．Still C．Lately D．Almost 13．A．by B．with C．like D．during 14．A．down B．up C．away D．off 15．A．threw B．rushed C．pushed D．pulled 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．B 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文主要讲作者的妹妹不愿接受有个新的小弟弟的事实，躲在树屋里，作者劝说其下来的事情。 1．句意：我敲了敲门。 picked捡起；knocked敲；listed列出；fell摔倒。根据“Angie, open up.”可知是在敲门。故选B。 2．句意：我要永远住在这棵树上，再也不去上学了。 never决不；always总是；nearly几乎；just仅仅。根据“I’m living in this tree forever”可知要永远住在树上，不再去上学了。故选A。 3．句意：安琪的眼睛里充满了泪水，她用手捂住了脸。 made制作；kissed亲吻；washed洗；covered遮盖。根据“her face with her hands”可推出是用手捂住脸。故选D。 4．句意：我在学校告诉迪克我们要有个小弟弟了。 partner搭档；friend朋友；brother弟弟；sister妹妹。根据“He said the baby won’t really be my brother”可知要有小弟弟了。故选C。 5．句意：他说孩子不会是我的弟弟，就像你不是一样。 same相同的；healthy健康的；good好的；simple简单的。根据“He said the baby won’t really be my brother, the ... way you aren’t.”可知此处讲作者同样不是自己的亲哥哥。故选A。 6．句意：全都不同的颜色——黑色、黄色和白色。 valuable有价值的；special特殊的；different不同的；beautiful美丽的。根据“black and yellow and white”可知颜色都不同。故选C。 7．句意：我继续讲，列举事实。 eating out出去吃；laying out摆放，清晰地表达；cutting out删掉；coming out出版。根据“Who taught you to read, to skate, and to e-mail Grandma?”等事实可知此处是在列出事实。故选B。 8．句意：我为什么要这么做？ Why为什么；What什么；How如何；When什么时候。根据“Because I’m your brother.”可知询问原因。故选A。 9．句意：我问，然后回答了我自己的问题。 his他的；our我们的；her她的；my我的。根据“I asked”可知是回答了“我自己的问题”。故选D。 10．句意：谁会爬上这棵树，即使她是世界上最糟糕的爬树者，来确保你没事？ even if即使；so that以便；as long as只要；by the time表示在某个时间点或某个事件发生之前。根据“she’s the worst tree climber in the whole world, to make sure you were OK”可知此处表让步，用even if引导让步状语从句。故选A。 11．句意：还好爸爸不是为了工作而建树屋。 study学习；gift礼物；job工作；hobby爱好。根据“Nothing about the tree house was straight or even.”可知树屋有些缺点，所以说还好不是为工作而建。故选C。 12．句意：不过，这是一个很棒的树屋。 Terribly糟糕地；Still仍然，尽管这样；Lately进来；Almost几乎。设空处前后句意出现转折，树屋有缺点，但还是一个很棒的树屋，用Still符合语境。故选B。 13．句意：就像我们的家庭一样，它是独一无二的，是用爱建立起来的。 by通过；with用；like像；during在……期间。根据“Like our family, it was one of a kind and built ... love.”可推出是用爱建立起来的。故选B。 14．句意：嘿，伙计们，你们下来吗？ down向下；up向上；away离开；off离开。根据“Dad will be home for dinner any minute.”可推出是问是否要从树屋上下来。故选A。 15．句意：我伸出手把她拉了起来。 threw扔；rushed冲；pushed推；pulled拉。根据“I reached out my hand”可知伸手是为了拉起来，pull sb. to one’s feet“把某人拉起来”。故选D。 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $