专题01 选词填空（复习讲义）（上海专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语讲义聚焦中考“选词填空”专题，覆盖名词（单复数、不可数）、动词（原形、过去式、短语）、形容词、副词等核心考点，通过“考情剖析-题型通关-优题精选”架构梳理高频考点，设计“考点梳理-方法指导-真题训练”教学流程，助力学生突破词汇运用与语篇理解难点。 亮点在于“词不离句，句不离篇”的语境教学策略，如通过“a/an/the n.”“link v. adj.”等语法规则实例培养语言能力与思维品质，配套9篇分层语篇练习，结合真题典例精析，确保学生高效掌握解题技巧，教师可据此精准把控复习节奏，提升学生应考能力。

专题01 选词填空 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 03·题型通关·靶向突破 3 考点一 题型破解 3 核心考点 考查学生对于词汇的正确运用以及句子基本结构的分析能力。 解题规律 主要是判断所给单词的词性，再结合具体的句子结构需要进行选择。 考点二 解题要点 4 题型 1. 确定空格为名词 2. 确定空格为动词 3. 确定空格为形容词 4. 确定空格为副词 5. 确定空格为介词 6. 确定空格为词组 04·优题精选·练能提分 9 年份 文体与话题 词数 考察点 2023 记叙文 生活故事 257 1.名词(6年13考): 名词单数8次，名词复数4次，不可数名词1次; 2.动词及动词短语(6年13考): 动词原形9次，过去式2次，过去分词1次，动词短语1次; 3.形容词及形容词短语(6年11考)形容词10次，形容词短语1次; 4.副词(6年11考): l副词7次，地点副词2次，频度副词1次，时间副词1次。 2022 记叙文 生活故事 208 2021 记叙文 生活故事 227 2020 记叙文 生活故事 211 考点一 题型破解 【题型解读】 选词填空是上海中考必考题型之一，其目的是旨在考查学生对于词汇的正确运用以及句子基本结构的分析能力，也是容易得分的题型之一。通常情况下选词填空是英语综合试卷中词汇与语法相结合的一部分，在具体解题过程中，主要是判断所给单词的词性，再结合具体的句子结构需要进行选择。 该题型考查在阅读的语篇中词汇的运用，它突出了语境，强化了语言交际能力。给我们的备考启发就是平时记忆单词的时候，摈弃掉低效不科学的孤零零记忆单词光背词汇表的形式，而应增加在语境中学习记忆单词的机会。学习单词做到“词不离句，句不离篇”，在语篇中整体感知和运用单词。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。 【核心考查】 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 语篇选词填空 考查范围包括单词的用法与搭配、词义辨析、语法、语篇理解。 1. 词汇方面注重对于词汇和搭配的考察。 2. 语法方面考察词性之间关系和句子结构分析能力。 3. 逻辑方面考察上下文联系。 考点二 解题要点 1. 确定空格为名词 (1) a /an/the n. , adj. n. , vt. n. , 即空格处前面为冠词、形容词或者及物动词的，空格处应填入名词； (2) n. v., 即空格处后面是动词的，空格处应填入该动词的主语(名词)； (3) prep. n., 即空格处前面是介词的，空格处充当介词宾语，用填入一个名词或动名词。 A. released B. director C. amazing D. audiences E. still The film is known for its beautiful art and traditional Chinese music. It has become a favourite among ____14____ both in China and around the world. Learning about these stories can give us a deeper understanding of Chinese culture and history. They remind us of the power of creativity and storytelling in bringing cultures together. 【答案】 14. D 【导语】本文主要讲述了经典的中国动画是中国文化历史中精彩的一部分以及电影给我们带来的影响。 【14题详解】 句意：它已成为中国和世界各地观众的最爱。根据“It has become a favourite among...both in China and around the world.”及备选词可知，这里指成为中国和世界各地观众的最爱，audiences意为“观众”，故选D。 2. 确定空格为动词 (1) n. /pron. vt. n./pron., 即空格前面已有名词/代词作主语，后面又有名词/代词作为动词的宾语，空格处应为及物动词； (2) n. /pron. vi. , 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面没有宾语，空格处应填不及物动词； (3) n. /pron. vi. adv./prep., 即空格处前面是名词/代词，空格处后面是副词/介词，空格处应填入不及物动词，与副词/介词构成固定搭配； (4) n. /pron. link v./be. adj., 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面是形容词，空格处应填入系动词或be动词； (5) to v. , 即空格处前有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词。 【典例】 A. true B. just C. ready D. tastes E. discuss Films are a form of art and entertainment that can bring joy, excitement, and sometimes even tears to audiences around the world. Everyone has different ____15____ when it comes to films, which makes them such an interesting topic to ____16____. 【答案】 15. D 16. E 【15题详解】 句意：说到电影，每个人都有不同的品味，这使得电影成为一个讨论的有趣的话题。根据“Everyone has different...when it comes to films, which makes them such an interesting topic”及备选词可知，这里指每个人对电影的看法不同，有不同的品味，tastes意为“品味”，故选D。 【16题详解】 句意：说到电影，每个人都有不同的品味，这使得电影成为一个讨论的有趣的话题。根据“when it comes to films, which makes them such an interesting topic”及备选词可知，不同的人对电影有不同的看法，所以是一个可以讨论的有趣的话题，discuss意为“讨论”，故选E。 3. 确定空格为形容词 (1) adj. n. 或n. adj. , 即空格处前面或者后面为名词的，空格处应填入形容词； (2) adv. adj. , 即空格处前面是副词的，空格处应填入形容词； (3) link/be v. adj., 即空格处前面是系动词或be动词的，空格处应填入形容词作表语。 【典例】 A. suppose B. killed C. contact D. single E. guilty “The police are also wondering if the victim had any enemies. He was ___20___. He had many friends and a well-paid job. However, according to the record, he was charged with breaking into several computer systems over the last year,” said Detective Lu. “We’re not sure whether this made him any enemies. We ___21___ that the victim knew his murderer.” So far, the only suspect is a short thin man who was running down Corn Street at 10 p.m. last night. A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt. However, the suspect could prove that he was somewhere else at the time of the crime and insisted (坚持) that he was not ___22___. 【答案】20. D 22. E 【20题详解】 句意：“他是单身。” 根据“He had many friends and a well-paid job”可知，此处是在列举受害者的个人生活状况。single意为“单身的”，符合对受害者个人背景的描述。故填D。 【22题详解】 句意：不过，该嫌疑人能证明案发时自己在别处，并坚称自己是无辜的。根据“the suspect could prove that he was somewhere else”可知，他坚持自己是清白的，即“没有罪”。guilty意为“有罪的”，not guilty意为“无罪的”。故填E。 4. 确定空格为副词 (1) adv. v. 或v. adv. , 即空格处前面或者后面为动词的，空格处应填入副词； (2) adv. adj., 即空格处后面是形容词的，空格处应填入副词。 【典例】 A. no longer B. completely C. taken up D. given up E. call on Though the sale of bottled-water is still on the rise, certain lawmakers have taken steps to reduce it and ____20____ people to drink tap water. In September 2009, the Australian city of Bundanoon became the first city in the world to ____21____ stop bottled water from being sold in stores, building water fountains instead. 【答案】 21. B 【21题详解】 句意：2009年9月，澳大利亚小镇邦达努恩成为世界上第一个完全禁止商店销售瓶装水的城市，转而修建饮水机。根据“to…stop bottled water from being sold in stores”和备选词可知，这个城市“彻底”禁止销售瓶装水，completely是副词，修饰动词“stop”，表示“完全地”，符合语境，故填B。 Passage 1 将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每个空格只能填一次。 A．clues  B．scene  C． exciting  D．leaving  E. unusual Early today, the body of a 25-year-old man was found in West Town. The police have confirmed that the victim (受害者) was a computer engineer. He was last seen 1 his office in East Town at about 7 p.m. yesterday. He said he was going to visit his parents. The police believe that the murder happened between 9 p.m. last night and 1 a.m. this morning. They are still working at the 2 of the crime to find out whether the victim was killed somewhere else and then brought to West Town, or killed at the place where he was found. “We’re asking anyone who saw anything 3 near Corn Street last night to report to us,” said Detective Lu, West Town’s chief detective. “The victim was wounded with a knife and bled to death as a result. We’re now looking for more 4 which will help solve the case.” A．suppose  B．killed  C． contact  D．single  E. guilty “The police are also wondering if the victim had any enemies. He was 5 . He had many friends and a well-paid job. However, according to the record, he was charged with breaking into several computer systems over the last year,” said Detective Lu. “We’re not sure whether this made him any enemies. We 6 that the victim knew his murderer.” So far, the only suspect is a short thin man who was running down Corn Street at 10 p.m. last night. A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt. However, the suspect could prove that he was somewhere else at the time of the crime and insisted (坚持) that he was not 7 . The victim’s parents have offered a reward of ￥50,000 for any information that leads to the arrest of the murderer. Anyone who can provide useful information should 8 the police. Passage 2 A．essential   B．afterwards   C． before   D．in  prison   E. delivered In 1982, Thomas Gee was sentenced to twelve months in prison for committing a crime. After he had been 9 for two months, he decided to escape. Thomas worked in the jail's vegetable store, which gave him an idea. He noticed that a truck 10 fresh vegetables daily and decided to hide under it. When no one was watching, he crawled beneath the vehicle and held onto part of the chassis. Shortly 11 the truck drove out of the prison, with Gee still hidden beneath it. As the truck moved along the road, Gee held on tightly. He knew it was 12 that he not let go, or he would be seriously injured. A．questioned   B．suspect   C． discovered   D．extra   E. another Finally, the truck stopped at its next destination. Gee crawled out, covered in dirt, and to his shock 13 that he was at another jail! The truck made deliveries to two jails each day. A guard soon spotted him and arrested him on the spot. When the guard 14 Gee, he denied that he had tried to escape. However, the police didn’t believe him and continued to treat him as a dangerous 15 though Gee insisted he was innocent and  meant no harm. In the end, he was returned to the original jail, with 16 time added to his sentence. Passage 3 将下列单词或短语填入空格，每个单词或短语只能填一次。 A．choice    B．on average  C． plastic   D．fixed    E. tested The US public uses about 50 billion water bottles a year and most of those 17 bottles are not recycled, according to Elizabeth Royte’s book Bottlemania: How Water Went on Sale and Why We Bought It. More than $100 billion is spent every year on bottled water in the US. In many developing countries where tap water isn’t safe to drink, bottled water is the only 18 . In the US, although tap water is regularly 19 for harmful chemicals, each American still drinks 178 liters of bottled water per year 20 . The bottled-water industry is so successful that it now sells more than milk, coffee, and juice—second only to beer and soda. A．no longer  B．completely  C． taken up     D．given up   E. call on Though the sale of bottled-water is still on the rise, certain lawmakers have taken steps to reduce it and 21 people to drink tap water. In September 2009, the Australian city of Bundanoon became the first city in the world to 22 stop bottled water from being sold in stores, building water fountains instead. A number of cities in America have taken action. San Francisco and Seattle 23 rely on purchased water for city supply and Chicago adds a five-cent tax (税) on each bottle. Several restaurants in those cities have also 24 bottled water for tap water. Other cities are also considering taking action. Passage 4 将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空限填一词，每词只能填一次。 A．reached  B．got  C． sounds  D．something  E. shut Adam opened his eyes and pulled the blanket covers up to his mouth. He looked around his room searching in darkness for the thing that was making those frightening 25 . The closet door moved as something banged on it from inside. “Who’s there?” Adam asked in a shaky voice. The closet slowly began to open. Adam jumped out of bed and ran to the closet door, slammed it 26 with his hands. Then he ran out of his room and down the hall to his brother’s room. “Adam?” David yawned and asked in a weak voice. “What are you doing in here?” Adam pulled on David’s arm, “There’s 27 in my closet.” David sighed (叹气). He had worked hard preparing for his examinations and needed to rest. However, he decided to help his brother. He 28 into his desk drawer and pulled out of a torchlight. They then headed to Adam’s room. Adam stopped suddenly in the doorway. He had heard the same sound against his closet door. A．smelly  B．messy  C． stuck  D．off  E. slowly “Do you hear that?” Adam asked. David nodded. He walked over to Adam’s bed and pulled the case 29 one of the pillows. He held the pillowcase (枕头套) open. “You open the door very 30 , and I’ll take hold of whatever it is.” Adam took a deep breath and opened the door a few inches. A small furry creature ran right into the pillowcase. “I got it,” David said, closing the pillowcase and holding it in the air. David put the pillowcase on the bed and an orange cat climbed out. Adam picked the cat up. “My poor cat. How did you get 31 in my closet?” David laughed. “If I was locked in your closet with your 32 shoes, I’d be pounding on the door to get out, too!” Passage 5 A．similar to   B．familiar to   C． took off   D．exchange   E. place When it comes to mobile payments in China, the QR code is king. However, Alipay is trying to change that with Tap, a new payment function. With Tap, shoppers no longer need to scan a QR code. They simply 33 their phone close to a small machine, and with a beep, the payment is complete. It sounds like magic, doesn’t it? The secret here lies in a technology called NFC, or Near Field Communication. NFC is based on magnetic field induction (磁场感应). When two NFC-enabled devices are near each other, a magnetic field is created. This magnetic field enables the devices to 34 data quickly and easily. Imagine two devices whispering (低语) secrets to each other, but only when they’re very close. The “language” they use is radio waves, 35 how walkie-talkies (对讲机) work. NFC technology has been around for many years. Two technology giants, Sony and Philips, first developed it in 2002. However, it only 36 when Apple Pay was launched (投放市场) in 2014. A．expect   B．distance   C． direction   D．Besides   E. Instead “Tap and go” at the checkout is much more convenient than scanning a QR code. It’s also more secure. This is because payments through NFC use encryption— like a secret code that only your bank can read. 37 , its “whisper range” is very short. Thieves would need to press their device against yours to steal your data or money. However, experts don’t 38 NFC and QR codes to be rivals (对手). 39 , they can complement (补充) each other. “When paying at the exit of a parking lot, for example, QR codes are better,” says Liu Yuanju, a researcher at the Shanghai Institute of Finance and Law. “QR codes can be scanned from a(n) 40 , while NFC only works when the phone is a few centimeters from a payment terminal (终端),” Liu adds. Passage 6 A．show off  B．brave  C． end  D．anything  E. back A rich man loved crocodiles so much. Once he bought a new house. There was a large swimming pool in the 41 . However, it was filled with fierce crocodiles. One day the man had a party to 42 the big house as well as his favourite pets. As the man expected, no one dared to stand next to the pool. “I think a real hero should have courage,” shouted the man. “If anyone is 43 , enough to swim through the crocodiles and make it to the other side. I will give that person 44 he wants. I will give him my job, my money, my house, and my crocodiles!” A．swimming  B．finally  C． word  D．certainly  E. catch Everyone laughed at the crazy idea. They thought it was just a joke, and then left the pool area. Suddenly, they heard a loud splash. Everyone turned around and saw a man 45 for his life. The crocodiles tried to 46 him quickly, but he swam to the other end and escaped from them luckily. “Wow, unbelievable. He made it!” cried the rich man. “I keep my 47 . Tell me what you want and what I can do for you.” The friend 48 got his breath back. Then he looked up and said: “You can tell me who pushed me into the pool!” Passage 7 A．show off    B．spread    C． offered    D．services    E. call off The idea of “smart” cities started in the 1970s. Since then, it has 49 to more and more countries. People thought new technology could improve city life—making transportation faster, 50 more efficient, and daily living more convenient. Not just governments want to build smart cities. Many private companies see the smart city program as a great chance to make money. Companies like Tencent and Microsoft have all 51 their smart-city solutions. However, they don’t really know what problems they’re solving. They proudly 52 exciting new technologies like 5G, but they don’t know how to use them to solve real-world problems. In other words, they sound more like tech salespeople than city builders. They sell high-tech systems before understanding the city’s real problems. A．raising    B．shortage    C． vision    D．racing    E. interests This can cause many problems. City planning should always focus on one main question: How can we make life better for people? These companies, however, have to take care of their own business 53 first. Their solution to every problem is simply more technology. Their solutions often have nothing to do with people’s daily lives. Sometimes, the problem is not a 54 of “smart” technologies. What we need instead may just be smarter decision-making. For example, self-driving cars are certainly “smarter” than bicycles. However, in fact, they could create more traffic jams. Do they really make the city a better place to live? City managers should carefully decide what kind of life they want people to have. Planners and tech companies should follow that 55 . Instead of 56 to build “smarter” cities, we should focus on building better ones— cities designed for people, not just for technology. Passage 8 A．distance  B．control  C． according to  D．salary  E. except for Jane Goodall is a well-known scientist who loves animals, especially chimpanzees. When she was young, she went to Africa to study chimpanzees in the wild. She had no modern equipment at first, 57 some basic tools. She would sit quietly in the forest every day, waiting for the chimpanzees to get used to her. Many people told her to 58 the chimpanzees to make research easier, but she refused. She said studying animals needs patience-only by letting them be free could she learn the truth about their lives. She didn’t require a high 59 . She lived in a small tent far from cities, and the long 60 from her family made her feel lonely sometimes. But she kept going because she wanted to understand chimpanzees deeply. A．results  B．manage  C． mention  D．respect  E. depend on She found that chimpanzees use sticks to get bugs to eat and hug each other when they’re sad-facts that few people talked about before. When she wrote books or gave talks, she would always 61 these important findings to let more people know about chimpanzees. Her hard work brought good 62 ; more people started to care about protecting chimpanzees and stopping the destruction of their forest homes. Today, she is widely recognized as a great protector of animals, even by governments and big groups. Many organizations’ 63 her ideas to plan animal protection projects, like building safe areas for chimpanzees. Even in her old age, she still traveled around the world to tell kids about caring for nature. Jane Goodall shows us that if we love and 64 nature, we can make the world better for every living creature. Passage 9 A．best     B．better     C． clean      D．worst      E. reduce Do you have good teeth? We brush our teeth to keep them 65 and healthy. In fact, having good eating habits is also helpful for the health of our teeth! Eating too many sweets is the 66 thing you can do to your teeth. When you eat candies, for example, the bacteria in your mouth will produce some acids. These acids can damage your teeth and cause you to have tooth decay (蛀牙). You can try eating sugar-free snacks instead of sugary ones. Chewing xylitol gum (木糖醇口香糖), for example, can 67 the bacteria in your mouth. More or less, eating leaves food debris on your teeth. If you chew more while eating, the friction between your mouth and tongue will help to   68 clear out the food debris. A．smell         B．create        C． feel         D．idea         E. smile People often chew more when they eat high-fiber (高纤维的) foods, such as cabbage. When they eat low-fiber foods, such as white bread, they chew fewer times. Therefore, it’s a good idea to eat more high-fiber foods. You may think it’s okay to eat ice cubes because they’re just water. However, chewing ice can 69 tiny cracks in your teeth. These cracks can then weaken your teeth. While it may 70 good to break up ice cubes with your teeth, it’s better to let them melt in your drink. All in all, in order to have a brighter 71 , you should improve your eating habits as well as brush your teeth twice a day. Also remember to floss and make sure to visit your dentist often! Passage 10 将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。 A．saves        B．computer        C． evening        D．night        E. slower Are you able to send a letter with pictures and sounds to someone anywhere in the world without putting a stamp on it? With e-mail you can just do that. Using a 72 you can send e-mail quickly and easily. The post is much 73 than e-mail. E-mail is easy to use and it 74 time and money. The differences in time in different parts of the world do not matter when sending e-mail. It is twenty-four-hour service, so you can send e-mail at any time of the day or 75 . No one has to be there to receive e-mail. It doesn’t matter if your friends are in bed when you send e-mail to them, or you are seeing a film at the cinema when they send e-mail back. A．store        B．with        C． difficulty        D．happen to        E. instead of Oh, no, not again! I’ve forgotten my password again! We all have 76 remembering the passwords to unlock our electronic devices (电子设备). But, if you could take a pill that remembers all of your passwords, would you take it? Proteus Digital Health, a company from America came up with the idea to create such a powerful pill. It can 77 all of your passwords. So if you take the pill, you can open up your computers or smartphones 78 having to type in your passwords. How does it work? The pill has a small chip (芯片). It has all your passwords and works by the acid (酸) in your stomach. Then your smartphones or computers can read the passwords on the chip when you are near. So forgetting your passwords won’t 79 you in the future any longer. 25 / 25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 选词填空 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 03·题型通关·靶向突破 3 考点一 题型破解 3 核心考点 考查学生对于词汇的正确运用以及句子基本结构的分析能力。 解题规律 主要是判断所给单词的词性，再结合具体的句子结构需要进行选择。 考点二 解题要点 4 题型 1. 确定空格为名词 2. 确定空格为动词 3. 确定空格为形容词 4. 确定空格为副词 5. 确定空格为介词 6. 确定空格为词组 04·优题精选·练能提分 9 年份 文体与话题 词数 考察点 2023 记叙文 生活故事 257 1.名词(6年13考): 名词单数8次，名词复数4次，不可数名词1次; 2.动词及动词短语(6年13考): 动词原形9次，过去式2次，过去分词1次，动词短语1次; 3.形容词及形容词短语(6年11考)形容词10次，形容词短语1次; 4.副词(6年11考): l副词7次，地点副词2次，频度副词1次，时间副词1次。 2022 记叙文 生活故事 208 2021 记叙文 生活故事 227 2020 记叙文 生活故事 211 考点一 题型破解 【题型解读】 选词填空是上海中考必考题型之一，其目的是旨在考查学生对于词汇的正确运用以及句子基本结构的分析能力，也是容易得分的题型之一。通常情况下选词填空是英语综合试卷中词汇与语法相结合的一部分，在具体解题过程中，主要是判断所给单词的词性，再结合具体的句子结构需要进行选择。 该题型考查在阅读的语篇中词汇的运用，它突出了语境，强化了语言交际能力。给我们的备考启发就是平时记忆单词的时候，摈弃掉低效不科学的孤零零记忆单词光背词汇表的形式，而应增加在语境中学习记忆单词的机会。学习单词做到“词不离句，句不离篇”，在语篇中整体感知和运用单词。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。 【核心考查】 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 语篇选词填空 考查范围包括单词的用法与搭配、词义辨析、语法、语篇理解。 1. 词汇方面注重对于词汇和搭配的考察。 2. 语法方面考察词性之间关系和句子结构分析能力。 3. 逻辑方面考察上下文联系。 考点二 解题要点 1. 确定空格为名词 (1) a /an/the n. , adj. n. , vt. n. , 即空格处前面为冠词、形容词或者及物动词的，空格处应填入名词； (2) n. v., 即空格处后面是动词的，空格处应填入该动词的主语(名词)； (3) prep. n., 即空格处前面是介词的，空格处充当介词宾语，用填入一个名词或动名词。 A. released B. director C. amazing D. audiences E. still The film is known for its beautiful art and traditional Chinese music. It has become a favourite among ____14____ both in China and around the world. Learning about these stories can give us a deeper understanding of Chinese culture and history. They remind us of the power of creativity and storytelling in bringing cultures together. 【答案】 14. D 【导语】本文主要讲述了经典的中国动画是中国文化历史中精彩的一部分以及电影给我们带来的影响。 【14题详解】 句意：它已成为中国和世界各地观众的最爱。根据“It has become a favourite among...both in China and around the world.”及备选词可知，这里指成为中国和世界各地观众的最爱，audiences意为“观众”，故选D。 2. 确定空格为动词 (1) n. /pron. vt. n./pron., 即空格前面已有名词/代词作主语，后面又有名词/代词作为动词的宾语，空格处应为及物动词； (2) n. /pron. vi. , 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面没有宾语，空格处应填不及物动词； (3) n. /pron. vi. adv./prep., 即空格处前面是名词/代词，空格处后面是副词/介词，空格处应填入不及物动词，与副词/介词构成固定搭配； (4) n. /pron. link v./be. adj., 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面是形容词，空格处应填入系动词或be动词； (5) to v. , 即空格处前有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词。 【典例】 A. true B. just C. ready D. tastes E. discuss Films are a form of art and entertainment that can bring joy, excitement, and sometimes even tears to audiences around the world. Everyone has different ____15____ when it comes to films, which makes them such an interesting topic to ____16____. 【答案】 15. D 16. E 【15题详解】 句意：说到电影，每个人都有不同的品味，这使得电影成为一个讨论的有趣的话题。根据“Everyone has different...when it comes to films, which makes them such an interesting topic”及备选词可知，这里指每个人对电影的看法不同，有不同的品味，tastes意为“品味”，故选D。 【16题详解】 句意：说到电影，每个人都有不同的品味，这使得电影成为一个讨论的有趣的话题。根据“when it comes to films, which makes them such an interesting topic”及备选词可知，不同的人对电影有不同的看法，所以是一个可以讨论的有趣的话题，discuss意为“讨论”，故选E。 3. 确定空格为形容词 (1) adj. n. 或n. adj. , 即空格处前面或者后面为名词的，空格处应填入形容词； (2) adv. adj. , 即空格处前面是副词的，空格处应填入形容词； (3) link/be v. adj., 即空格处前面是系动词或be动词的，空格处应填入形容词作表语。 【典例】 A. suppose B. killed C. contact D. single E. guilty “The police are also wondering if the victim had any enemies. He was ___20___. He had many friends and a well-paid job. However, according to the record, he was charged with breaking into several computer systems over the last year,” said Detective Lu. “We’re not sure whether this made him any enemies. We ___21___ that the victim knew his murderer.” So far, the only suspect is a short thin man who was running down Corn Street at 10 p.m. last night. A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt. However, the suspect could prove that he was somewhere else at the time of the crime and insisted (坚持) that he was not ___22___. 【答案】20. D 22. E 【20题详解】 句意：“他是单身。” 根据“He had many friends and a well-paid job”可知，此处是在列举受害者的个人生活状况。single意为“单身的”，符合对受害者个人背景的描述。故填D。 【22题详解】 句意：不过，该嫌疑人能证明案发时自己在别处，并坚称自己是无辜的。根据“the suspect could prove that he was somewhere else”可知，他坚持自己是清白的，即“没有罪”。guilty意为“有罪的”，not guilty意为“无罪的”。故填E。 4. 确定空格为副词 (1) adv. v. 或v. adv. , 即空格处前面或者后面为动词的，空格处应填入副词； (2) adv. adj., 即空格处后面是形容词的，空格处应填入副词。 【典例】 A. no longer B. completely C. taken up D. given up E. call on Though the sale of bottled-water is still on the rise, certain lawmakers have taken steps to reduce it and ____20____ people to drink tap water. In September 2009, the Australian city of Bundanoon became the first city in the world to ____21____ stop bottled water from being sold in stores, building water fountains instead. 【答案】 21. B 【21题详解】 句意：2009年9月，澳大利亚小镇邦达努恩成为世界上第一个完全禁止商店销售瓶装水的城市，转而修建饮水机。根据“to…stop bottled water from being sold in stores”和备选词可知，这个城市“彻底”禁止销售瓶装水，completely是副词，修饰动词“stop”，表示“完全地”，符合语境，故填B。 Passage 1 将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每个空格只能填一次。 A．clues  B．scene  C． exciting  D．leaving  E. unusual Early today, the body of a 25-year-old man was found in West Town. The police have confirmed that the victim (受害者) was a computer engineer. He was last seen 1 his office in East Town at about 7 p.m. yesterday. He said he was going to visit his parents. The police believe that the murder happened between 9 p.m. last night and 1 a.m. this morning. They are still working at the 2 of the crime to find out whether the victim was killed somewhere else and then brought to West Town, or killed at the place where he was found. “We’re asking anyone who saw anything 3 near Corn Street last night to report to us,” said Detective Lu, West Town’s chief detective. “The victim was wounded with a knife and bled to death as a result. We’re now looking for more 4 which will help solve the case.” A．suppose  B．killed  C． contact  D．single  E. guilty “The police are also wondering if the victim had any enemies. He was 5 . He had many friends and a well-paid job. However, according to the record, he was charged with breaking into several computer systems over the last year,” said Detective Lu. “We’re not sure whether this made him any enemies. We 6 that the victim knew his murderer.” So far, the only suspect is a short thin man who was running down Corn Street at 10 p.m. last night. A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt. However, the suspect could prove that he was somewhere else at the time of the crime and insisted (坚持) that he was not 7 . The victim’s parents have offered a reward of ￥50,000 for any information that leads to the arrest of the murderer. Anyone who can provide useful information should 8 the police. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．E 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．E 8．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了一起发生在西镇的谋杀案，警方正在调查一位25岁计算机工程师的死因，并呼吁公众提供线索，悬赏缉拿凶手。 1．句意：昨天晚上7点左右，有人最后看到他离开位于东镇的办公室。根据“He was last seen…his office”可知，此处是see sb. doing sth“看见某人正在做某事”的被动语态结构。结合语境，他是在离开办公室时被看到的。leaving意为“离开”，符合语境。故填D。 2．句意：他们仍在犯罪现场开展工作，以查明受害者是在别处遇害后被带到西镇，还是在发现他的地点被杀害。根据“working at the…of the crime”可知，警方正在案发地调查。scene of the crime是固定短语，意为“犯罪现场”。scene意为“现场”，符合语境。故填B。 3．句意：“我们恳请昨晚在玉米街附近看到任何异常情况的人向我们报案，” 西镇的首席侦探卢警官说道。根据“saw anything…near Corn Street”可知，此处需要形容词修饰不定代词anything，且置于其后。结合前文“the body of a 25-year-old man was found”以及“the murder happened”可知，这是一起谋杀案调查，警方需要知情者报告不寻常的情况。unusual意为“不寻常的”，符合语境。故填E。 4．句意：“我们目前正在寻找更多有助于破案的线索。” 根据“help solve the case”可知，能帮助破案的是线索。clues意为“线索”，且more后接复数名词。故填A。 5．句意：“他是单身。” 根据“He had many friends and a well-paid job”可知，此处是在列举受害者的个人生活状况。single意为“单身的”，符合对受害者个人背景的描述。故填D。 6．句意：“我们推测受害者认识凶手。” 根据“We…that the victim knew his murderer”可知，这是警方的一种推断或假设。suppose意为“推测；认为”，作谓语动词。故填A。 7．句意：不过，该嫌疑人能证明案发时自己在别处，并坚称自己是无辜的。根据“the suspect could prove that he was somewhere else”可知，他坚持自己是清白的，即“没有罪”。guilty意为“有罪的”，not guilty意为“无罪的”。故填E。 8．句意：任何能提供有用信息的人都应联系警方。根据“provide useful information should”可知，此处呼吁知情者去联系警方。contact意为“联系”，符合语境。故填C。 Passage 2 A．essential   B．afterwards   C． before   D．in  prison   E. delivered In 1982, Thomas Gee was sentenced to twelve months in prison for committing a crime. After he had been 9 for two months, he decided to escape. Thomas worked in the jail's vegetable store, which gave him an idea. He noticed that a truck 10 fresh vegetables daily and decided to hide under it. When no one was watching, he crawled beneath the vehicle and held onto part of the chassis. Shortly 11 the truck drove out of the prison, with Gee still hidden beneath it. As the truck moved along the road, Gee held on tightly. He knew it was 12 that he not let go, or he would be seriously injured. A．questioned   B．suspect   C． discovered   D．extra   E. another Finally, the truck stopped at its next destination. Gee crawled out, covered in dirt, and to his shock 13 that he was at another jail! The truck made deliveries to two jails each day. A guard soon spotted him and arrested him on the spot. When the guard 14 Gee, he denied that he had tried to escape. However, the police didn’t believe him and continued to treat him as a dangerous 15 though Gee insisted he was innocent and  meant no harm. In the end, he was returned to the original jail, with 16 time added to his sentence. 【答案】9．D 10．E 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．B 16．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了Thomas Gee在1982年因犯罪被判入狱12个月，入狱两个月后他决定逃跑，他藏在一辆运送新鲜蔬菜的卡车下，结果被送到了另一所监狱，最后又被送回原监狱且刑期增加的故事。 9．句意：在他入狱两个月后，他决定逃跑。根据前文“In 1982, Thomas Gee was sentenced to twelve months in prison for committing a crime.”可知他因犯罪被判入狱，“in prison”表示“在监狱里”，符合语境。故填D。 10．句意：他注意到一辆卡车每天运送新鲜蔬菜，于是决定藏在它下面。根据“fresh vegetables daily”可知，此处指每天运送新鲜蔬菜，“deliver”有“运送，递送”之意，这里用一般过去时“delivered”。故填E。 11．句意：不久之后，卡车驶出监狱，Gee仍然藏在车下。“Shortly afterwards”是固定短语，意为“不久之后”，符合语境。故填B。 12．句意：他知道他绝对不能松手，否则他会严重受伤。根据“or he would be seriously injured”可知，不松手是绝对必要的，“it is essential that...”表示“……是绝对必要的”，符合语境。故填A。 13．句意：Gee爬了出来，浑身是土，令他震惊的是，他发现自己到了另一所监狱！根据“he was at another jail”可知，他发现自己到了另一所监狱，“discover”表示“发现”，符合语境，且此处用一般过去时。故填C。 14．句意：当警卫质问Gee时，他否认自己试图逃跑。根据“he denied that he had tried to escape”可知，警卫对他进行了质问，“question”表示“质问，询问”，符合语境，且此处用一般过去时“questioned”。故填A。 15．句意：然而，警察不相信他，仍然把他当作一个危险的嫌疑犯对待，尽管Gee坚称自己无辜，并无恶意。“suspect”作为名词时，表示“嫌疑犯”，符合语境。故填B。 16．句意：最后，他被送回原来的监狱，刑期又增加了。“extra”表示“额外的”，“extra time”即“额外的时间”，这里指刑期增加，符合语境。故填D。 Passage 3 将下列单词或短语填入空格，每个单词或短语只能填一次。 A．choice    B．on average  C． plastic   D．fixed    E. tested The US public uses about 50 billion water bottles a year and most of those 17 bottles are not recycled, according to Elizabeth Royte’s book Bottlemania: How Water Went on Sale and Why We Bought It. More than $100 billion is spent every year on bottled water in the US. In many developing countries where tap water isn’t safe to drink, bottled water is the only 18 . In the US, although tap water is regularly 19 for harmful chemicals, each American still drinks 178 liters of bottled water per year 20 . The bottled-water industry is so successful that it now sells more than milk, coffee, and juice—second only to beer and soda. A．no longer  B．completely  C． taken up     D．given up   E. call on Though the sale of bottled-water is still on the rise, certain lawmakers have taken steps to reduce it and 21 people to drink tap water. In September 2009, the Australian city of Bundanoon became the first city in the world to 22 stop bottled water from being sold in stores, building water fountains instead. A number of cities in America have taken action. San Francisco and Seattle 23 rely on purchased water for city supply and Chicago adds a five-cent tax (税) on each bottle. Several restaurants in those cities have also 24 bottled water for tap water. Other cities are also considering taking action. 【答案】17．C 18．A 19．E 20．B 21．E 22．B 23．A 24．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过引用数据和案例，客观说明了全球（尤其是美国）瓶装水消费的现状、环境问题以及部分城市为减少瓶装水使用所采取的举措，旨在引发读者对瓶装水过度消费及其环境影响的思考。 17．句意：据伊丽莎白·罗伊特的著作《瓶装水狂热：水如何成为商品以及我们为何购买它》称，美国公众每年大约使用 500 亿个水瓶，而这些塑料瓶中的大多数都没有被回收。根据“most of those…bottles are not recycled”和备选词可知，瓶装水的瓶子大多是塑料材质，plastic作形容词表示“塑料的”，符合语境，故填C。 18．句意：在许多自来水不安全的发展中国家，瓶装水是唯一的选择。根据“bottled water is the only…”和备选词可知，此处需要填名词表示“选择”，choice符合语境，故填A。 19．句意：在美国，尽管自来水会定期被检测是否含有有害化学物质，但平均每个美国人每年仍然饮用 178 升瓶装水。根据“tap water is regularly…for harmful chemicals”和备选词可知，自来水需要“被检测”是否安全，tested符合语境，故填E。 20．句意：在美国，尽管自来水会定期被检测是否含有有害化学物质，但平均每个美国人每年仍然饮用 178 升瓶装水。根据“each American still drinks 178 liters of bottled water per year…”和备选词可知，此处表示“平均”，on average符合语境，故填B。 21．句意：尽管瓶装水的销量仍在上升，但一些立法者已经采取措施减少瓶装水的使用，并呼吁人们饮用自来水。根据“and…people to drink tap water”和备选词可知，立法者在倡导大众喝自来水，固定搭配“call on sb. to do sth.”表示“呼吁某人做某事”，call on符合语境，故填E。 22．句意：2009年9月，澳大利亚小镇邦达努恩成为世界上第一个完全禁止商店销售瓶装水的城市，转而修建饮水机。根据“to…stop bottled water from being sold in stores”和备选词可知，这个城市“彻底”禁止销售瓶装水，completely是副词，修饰动词“stop”，表示“完全地”，符合语境，故填B。 23．句意：旧金山和西雅图不再依赖外购水作为城市供水，芝加哥则对每个瓶子征收5美分的税。根据“San Francisco and Seattle…rely on purchased water for city supply”和备选词可知，这两个城市采取了减少瓶装水的措施，不再外购水，no longer表示“不再”，符合语境，故填A。 24．句意：这些城市的多家餐厅也放弃了瓶装水，转而提供自来水。根据“have also…bottled water for tap water”和备选词可知，餐厅放弃了瓶装水，“give up sth. for sth.”表示“放弃某物而选择某物”，given up符合语境，故填D。 Passage 4 将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空限填一词，每词只能填一次。 A．reached  B．got  C． sounds  D．something  E. shut Adam opened his eyes and pulled the blanket covers up to his mouth. He looked around his room searching in darkness for the thing that was making those frightening 25 . The closet door moved as something banged on it from inside. “Who’s there?” Adam asked in a shaky voice. The closet slowly began to open. Adam jumped out of bed and ran to the closet door, slammed it 26 with his hands. Then he ran out of his room and down the hall to his brother’s room. “Adam?” David yawned and asked in a weak voice. “What are you doing in here?” Adam pulled on David’s arm, “There’s 27 in my closet.” David sighed (叹气). He had worked hard preparing for his examinations and needed to rest. However, he decided to help his brother. He 28 into his desk drawer and pulled out of a torchlight. They then headed to Adam’s room. Adam stopped suddenly in the doorway. He had heard the same sound against his closet door. A．smelly  B．messy  C． stuck  D．off  E. slowly “Do you hear that?” Adam asked. David nodded. He walked over to Adam’s bed and pulled the case 29 one of the pillows. He held the pillowcase (枕头套) open. “You open the door very 30 , and I’ll take hold of whatever it is.” Adam took a deep breath and opened the door a few inches. A small furry creature ran right into the pillowcase. “I got it,” David said, closing the pillowcase and holding it in the air. David put the pillowcase on the bed and an orange cat climbed out. Adam picked the cat up. “My poor cat. How did you get 31 in my closet?” David laughed. “If I was locked in your closet with your 32 shoes, I’d be pounding on the door to get out, too!” 【答案】25．C 26．E 27．D 28．A 29．D 30．E 31．C 32．A 【导语】本文讲述了Adam半夜被衣柜里的奇怪声响吓到，和哥哥David一起“捉鬼”，结果发现是自家猫咪被困在衣柜里的温馨趣事。 25．句意：他在黑暗中环顾房间，寻找发出那些可怕声音的东西。根据“The closet door moved as something banged on it from inside.”可知柜子里有声音，用sounds表示“声音”，故选C。 26．句意：Adam跳下床冲到衣柜门前，用手把门猛地关上。“slam shut”是固定搭配，表示“砰地关上”，故选E。 27．句意：我的衣柜里有某种东西。根据“The closet door moved as something banged on it from inside.”及“The closet slowly began to open.”可知衣柜里有东西，something用于肯定句表示“某物”，故选D。 28．句意：他把手伸进书桌抽屉，拿出一个手电筒。根据“into his desk drawer”可推出是把手伸进书桌抽屉，“reach into...”表示“把手伸进……”，故选A。 29．句意：他走到亚当的床边，把一个枕头的枕套拿下来。“pull...off”是固定搭配，意为“把……从……上取下”，故选D。 30．句意：你慢慢地把门打开，不管它是什么，我都要抓住。修饰动词open需用副词，slowly表示“缓慢地”，符合情境，故选E。 31．句意：你是怎么被困在衣柜里的？“get stuck in...”是常用表达，意为“被困在……”，故选C。 32．句意：如果我和你那双难闻的鞋子一起被锁在衣柜里，我也会拼命敲门！根据“shoes”可知此处用形容词修饰名词，结合常识可推出应是难闻的鞋子，用smelly表示“难闻的”，故选A。 Passage 5 A．similar to   B．familiar to   C． took off   D．exchange   E. place When it comes to mobile payments in China, the QR code is king. However, Alipay is trying to change that with Tap, a new payment function. With Tap, shoppers no longer need to scan a QR code. They simply 33 their phone close to a small machine, and with a beep, the payment is complete. It sounds like magic, doesn’t it? The secret here lies in a technology called NFC, or Near Field Communication. NFC is based on magnetic field induction (磁场感应). When two NFC-enabled devices are near each other, a magnetic field is created. This magnetic field enables the devices to 34 data quickly and easily. Imagine two devices whispering (低语) secrets to each other, but only when they’re very close. The “language” they use is radio waves, 35 how walkie-talkies (对讲机) work. NFC technology has been around for many years. Two technology giants, Sony and Philips, first developed it in 2002. However, it only 36 when Apple Pay was launched (投放市场) in 2014. A．expect   B．distance   C． direction   D．Besides   E. Instead “Tap and go” at the checkout is much more convenient than scanning a QR code. It’s also more secure. This is because payments through NFC use encryption— like a secret code that only your bank can read. 37 , its “whisper range” is very short. Thieves would need to press their device against yours to steal your data or money. However, experts don’t 38 NFC and QR codes to be rivals (对手). 39 , they can complement (补充) each other. “When paying at the exit of a parking lot, for example, QR codes are better,” says Liu Yuanju, a researcher at the Shanghai Institute of Finance and Law. “QR codes can be scanned from a(n) 40 , while NFC only works when the phone is a few centimeters from a payment terminal (终端),” Liu adds. 【答案】33．E 34．D 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．A 39．E 40．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了在中国移动支付领域，支付宝正尝试用新的支付功能“Tap”改变二维码支付的现状，介绍了“Tap”支付所运用的NFC技术原理、发展历程、优势，还提及专家对NFC和二维码支付关系的看法。 33．句意：他们只需将手机靠近一台小型机器，随着一声哔哔声，支付就完成了。根据“their phone close to a small machine”及语境可知，此处指把手机靠近机器，take off“拿掉、脱掉”不符合语境，这里应是把手机放置在机器附近，place“放置”符合，主语They是复数，动词用原形。故填E。 34．句意：这个磁场使设备能够快速轻松地交换数据。根据“data quickly and easily”可知，此处指设备之间能够快速轻松地交换数据，exchange“交换”，符合语境。故填D。 35．句意：它们使用的“语言”是无线电波，类似于对讲机的工作方式。根据“how walkie-talkies work.”可知，此处指NFC设备之间交换数据的方式类似于对讲机的工作方式，similar to“与……相似”，符合语境。故填A。 36．句意：然而，直到2014年苹果支付推出，它才流行起来。根据“when Apple Pay was launched in 2014”及语境可知，此处指NFC技术在苹果支付推出后才流行起来，took off有“（产品、活动等）突然成功”的意思，符合语境，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填C。 37．句意：此外，它的“低语范围”非常短。根据“This is because payments through NFC use encryption—like a secret code that only your bank can read.”和“its “whisper range” is very short.”可知，前后两句之间为递进关系，besides“此外”，符合语境。故填D。 38．句意：然而，专家们并不认为NFC和二维码是对手。根据“NFC and QR codes to be rivals.”可知，此处指专家们并不认为NFC和二维码是对手，expect“认为，期待”，符合语境。故填A。 39．句意：相反，它们可以相互补充。根据下文“they can complement each other.”可知，此处指NFC和二维码可以相互补充，instead“相反”，符合语境。故填E。 40．句意：“二维码可以从远处扫描，而NFC只有在手机距离支付终端几厘米时才起作用，”刘补充道。根据“while NFC only works when the phone is a few centimeters from a payment terminal,”可知，此处指二维码可以从远处扫描，与NFC的近距离工作形成对比，distance“距离”，符合语境。故填B。 Passage 6 A．show off  B．brave  C． end  D．anything  E. back A rich man loved crocodiles so much. Once he bought a new house. There was a large swimming pool in the 41 . However, it was filled with fierce crocodiles. One day the man had a party to 42 the big house as well as his favourite pets. As the man expected, no one dared to stand next to the pool. “I think a real hero should have courage,” shouted the man. “If anyone is 43 , enough to swim through the crocodiles and make it to the other side. I will give that person 44 he wants. I will give him my job, my money, my house, and my crocodiles!” A．swimming  B．finally  C． word  D．certainly  E. catch Everyone laughed at the crazy idea. They thought it was just a joke, and then left the pool area. Suddenly, they heard a loud splash. Everyone turned around and saw a man 45 for his life. The crocodiles tried to 46 him quickly, but he swam to the other end and escaped from them luckily. “Wow, unbelievable. He made it!” cried the rich man. “I keep my 47 . Tell me what you want and what I can do for you.” The friend 48 got his breath back. Then he looked up and said: “You can tell me who pushed me into the pool!” 【答案】41．E 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．E 47．C 48．B 【导语】本文讲述了一个富人因酷爱鳄鱼，在新家泳池中养了许多凶猛鳄鱼，他提出若有人能勇敢游过鳄鱼池就满足其任何愿望，不料真有人跳入池中拼命游泳逃生，最后才得知此人是被人推下去的故事。 41．句意：房子后面有一个大游泳池。根据“a large swimming pool”和备选词，此处指游泳池的位置，备选词E. back“后面”符合语境，故选E。 42．句意：有一天，这个人举办了一个派对，来炫耀他的大房子和他最喜欢的宠物。根据“the big house as well as his favourite pets”及富人的行为，可知是“炫耀”自己的财产和宠物，备选词A. show off“炫耀”符合语境，故选A。 43．句意：如果有人足够勇敢，能游过鳄鱼群并到达对岸。根据“swim through the crocodiles”可知，需要“勇敢的”人才能做到，备选词B. brave“勇敢的”符合语境，故选B。 44．句意：我会给那个人他想要的任何东西。根据后文“I will give him my job, my money, my house, and my crocodiles!”可知，是满足对方“任何”愿望，备选词D. anything“任何东西”符合语境，故选D。 45．句意：每个人转过身，看见一个人正在拼命游泳。根据“heard a loud splash”和“swam to the other end”可知，此人正在“游泳”逃生，备选词A. swimming“游泳”符合“see sb doing sth”（看见某人正在做某事）的结构，故选A。 46．句意：鳄鱼试图迅速抓住他，但他游到了另一端，幸运地逃脱了。根据“the crocodiles”和“escaped from them”可知，鳄鱼想“抓住”他，备选词E. catch“抓住”符合语境，try to后接动词原形，故选E。 47．句意：我信守诺言。根据前文富人的承诺及后文“Tell me what you want and what I can do for you.”可知，富人要“信守诺言”，keep one’s words“信守诺言”是固定短语，备选词C. words“话语、诺言”符合语境，故选C。 48．句意：这个人终于喘过气来。根据“got his breath back”可知，是“终于”缓过来了，备选词B. finally“最后、终于”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 7 A．show off    B．spread    C． offered    D．services    E. call off The idea of “smart” cities started in the 1970s. Since then, it has 49 to more and more countries. People thought new technology could improve city life—making transportation faster, 50 more efficient, and daily living more convenient. Not just governments want to build smart cities. Many private companies see the smart city program as a great chance to make money. Companies like Tencent and Microsoft have all 51 their smart-city solutions. However, they don’t really know what problems they’re solving. They proudly 52 exciting new technologies like 5G, but they don’t know how to use them to solve real-world problems. In other words, they sound more like tech salespeople than city builders. They sell high-tech systems before understanding the city’s real problems. A．raising    B．shortage    C． vision    D．racing    E. interests This can cause many problems. City planning should always focus on one main question: How can we make life better for people? These companies, however, have to take care of their own business 53 first. Their solution to every problem is simply more technology. Their solutions often have nothing to do with people’s daily lives. Sometimes, the problem is not a 54 of “smart” technologies. What we need instead may just be smarter decision-making. For example, self-driving cars are certainly “smarter” than bicycles. However, in fact, they could create more traffic jams. Do they really make the city a better place to live? City managers should carefully decide what kind of life they want people to have. Planners and tech companies should follow that 55 . Instead of 56 to build “smarter” cities, we should focus on building better ones— cities designed for people, not just for technology. 【答案】49．B 50．D 51．C 52．A 53．E 54．B 55．C 56．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了“智慧城市”概念的起源、发展及其存在的问题，指出一些公司在推销高科技系统时并未真正解决城市的实际问题。 49．句意：从那时起，它已经传播到越来越多的国家。根据“to more and more countries”以及语境可知，此处指的是“传播”，spread“传播”，has后接其过去分词形式，构成现在完成时结构。故选B。 50．句意：人们认为新技术可以改善城市生活——使交通更快、服务更高效、日常生活更便利。根据“making transportation faster...more efficient, and daily living more convenient”可知，此处指的是“服务”，service“服务”，此处应用复数形式。故选D。 51．句意：像腾讯和微软这样的公司都提供了他们的智慧城市解决方案。根据“their smart-city solutions”以及语境可知，此处指的是“提供”，offer“提供”，have后接其过去分词形式，构成现在完成时结构。故选C。 52．句意：他们自豪地炫耀5G等令人兴奋的新技术，但他们不知道如何利用这些技术来解决现实世界的问题。根据“exciting new technologies like 5G”以及语境可知，此处指的是“炫耀”，show off“炫耀”，主语是复数人称，动词用原形。故选A。 53．句意：然而，这些公司首先必须照顾好自己的商业利益。根据“have to take care of their own business...first”以及语境可知，此处指的是“商业利益”，interests“利益”，符合语境。故选E。 54．句意：有时，问题不在于智能技术的短缺。根据“What we need instead may just be smarter decision-making.”以及语境可知，此处指的是“技术的短缺”，shortage“短缺”，符合语境。故选B。 55．句意：规划者和技术公司应该遵循这一愿景。根据“City managers should carefully decide what kind of life they want people to have.”以及“Planners and tech companies should follow that...”可知，此处指的是“遵循这一愿景”，vision“愿景”，符合语境。故选C。 56．句意：我们不应该竞相建设“更智慧”的城市，而应该专注于建设更好的城市——为人们而设计的城市，而不仅仅是为了技术。根据“Instead of...to build ‘smarter’ cities, we should focus on building better ones”以及语境可知，此处指的是“竞相建设”，race“竞赛”，此处应用其现在分词形式。故选D。 Passage 8 A．distance  B．control  C． according to  D．salary  E. except for Jane Goodall is a well-known scientist who loves animals, especially chimpanzees. When she was young, she went to Africa to study chimpanzees in the wild. She had no modern equipment at first, 57 some basic tools. She would sit quietly in the forest every day, waiting for the chimpanzees to get used to her. Many people told her to 58 the chimpanzees to make research easier, but she refused. She said studying animals needs patience-only by letting them be free could she learn the truth about their lives. She didn’t require a high 59 . She lived in a small tent far from cities, and the long 60 from her family made her feel lonely sometimes. But she kept going because she wanted to understand chimpanzees deeply. A．results  B．manage  C． mention  D．respect  E. depend on She found that chimpanzees use sticks to get bugs to eat and hug each other when they’re sad-facts that few people talked about before. When she wrote books or gave talks, she would always 61 these important findings to let more people know about chimpanzees. Her hard work brought good 62 ; more people started to care about protecting chimpanzees and stopping the destruction of their forest homes. Today, she is widely recognized as a great protector of animals, even by governments and big groups. Many organizations’ 63 her ideas to plan animal protection projects, like building safe areas for chimpanzees. Even in her old age, she still traveled around the world to tell kids about caring for nature. Jane Goodall shows us that if we love and 64 nature, we can make the world better for every living creature. 【答案】57．E 58．B 59．D 60．A 61．C 62．A 63．E 64．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了动物学家珍·古道尔在非洲野外研究黑猩猩的经历，以及她为动物保护所做的贡献。 57．句意：起初她没有现代化设备，除了一些基础工具。根据“She had no modern equipment at first…some basic tools”以及备选词可知，前后是“没有现代化设备”和“有基础工具”的转折关系，方框中“except for”表示“除了……之外”，符合语境。故填E。 58．句意：很多人告诉她要控制黑猩猩，让研究更简单，但她拒绝了。根据“but she refused. She said studying animals needs patience-only by letting them be free could she learn the truth”以及备选词可知，别人建议她管控黑猩猩，而她主张让黑猩猩自由。方框中“control”表示“控制”，符合语境。故填B。 59．句意：她不要求高薪水。她住在远离城市的小帐篷里，与家人相隔的遥远距离有时让她感到孤独。根据“She lived in a small tent far from cities”以及备选词可知，她生活简朴，不追求高报酬。方框中“salary”表示“薪水”，符合语境。故填D。 60．句意：她不要求高薪水。她住在远离城市的小帐篷里，与家人相隔的遥远距离有时让她感到孤独。根据“the long…from her family made her feel lonely”以及备选词可知，和家人之间的距离让她孤独。方框中“distance”表示“距离”，符合语境。故填A。 61．句意：当她写书或做演讲时，她总会提及这些重要的发现，让更多人了解黑猩猩。根据“let more people know about chimpanzees”以及备选词可知，她会把研究发现告诉别人。方框中“mention”表示“提及”，符合语境。故填C。 62．句意：她的努力带来了好结果：更多人开始关心保护黑猩猩，阻止对它们森林家园的破坏。根据“more people started to care about protecting chimpanzees”以及备选词可知，这是她努力带来的成果。方框中“results”表示“结果”，符合语境。故填A。 63．句意：很多组织依靠她的想法来规划动物保护项目，比如为黑猩猩建立安全区域。根据“her ideas to plan animal protection projects”以及备选词可知，组织依据她的想法做项目。方框中“depend on”表示“依靠”，符合语境。故填E。 64．句意：珍·古道尔向我们展示，如果我们热爱并尊重自然，我们就能让世界变得更适合每一个生物。根据“love and...nature”以及备选词可知，此处是与“love”并列的积极态度。方框中“respect”表示“尊重”，符合语境。故填D。 Passage 9 A．best     B．better     C． clean      D．worst      E. reduce Do you have good teeth? We brush our teeth to keep them 65 and healthy. In fact, having good eating habits is also helpful for the health of our teeth! Eating too many sweets is the 66 thing you can do to your teeth. When you eat candies, for example, the bacteria in your mouth will produce some acids. These acids can damage your teeth and cause you to have tooth decay (蛀牙). You can try eating sugar-free snacks instead of sugary ones. Chewing xylitol gum (木糖醇口香糖), for example, can 67 the bacteria in your mouth. More or less, eating leaves food debris on your teeth. If you chew more while eating, the friction between your mouth and tongue will help to   68 clear out the food debris. A．smell         B．create        C． feel         D．idea         E. smile People often chew more when they eat high-fiber (高纤维的) foods, such as cabbage. When they eat low-fiber foods, such as white bread, they chew fewer times. Therefore, it’s a good idea to eat more high-fiber foods. You may think it’s okay to eat ice cubes because they’re just water. However, chewing ice can 69 tiny cracks in your teeth. These cracks can then weaken your teeth. While it may 70 good to break up ice cubes with your teeth, it’s better to let them melt in your drink. All in all, in order to have a brighter 71 , you should improve your eating habits as well as brush your teeth twice a day. Also remember to floss and make sure to visit your dentist often! 【答案】65．C 66．D 67．E 68．B 69．B 70．C 71．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了保护牙齿健康的方法，包括通过刷牙保持牙齿清洁，同时重点说明良好的饮食习惯对牙齿健康的作用——比如少吃甜食、选择无糖零食、多吃高纤维食物、避免咬冰块等，以此减少牙齿受损的可能，还提到了配合使用牙线、定期看牙医等护牙要点。 65．句意：我们刷牙是为了让牙齿保持干净且健康。根据“we brush our teeth”可知刷牙是为了保持牙齿干净，结合备选项可知形容词clean“干净的”符合语境，故选C。 66．句意：吃太多甜食是你能对你的牙齿做的最糟糕的事。根据“Eating too many sweets”可知这类行为对牙齿危害大，结合备选项可知worst “最糟糕的”符合语境，故选D。 67．句意：比如，嚼木糖醇口香糖可以减少口腔里的细菌。根据“You can try eating sugar-free snacks instead of sugary ones.”可知此处是举例说明一些对牙齿有好处的行为，结合备选项可知动词reduce“减少”符合语境，故选E。 68．句意：如果你吃饭时多咀嚼，口腔和舌头之间的摩擦会帮助更好地清理食物残渣。根据“will help”可知此处是说这种摩擦带来的好处，结合备选项可知副词better“更好地”修饰动词clear，符合语境，故选B。 69．句意：然而，咬冰块会在你的牙齿上产生细小裂纹。根据情态动词“can”可知此处应填动词原形，结合备选项可知动词create“产生”符合语境，故选B。 70．句意：虽然用牙齿咬碎冰块可能感觉不错，但最好让它们在饮品中融化。根据情态动词“may”可知此处应填动词原形，而由形容词“good”可知，此处应填系动词，结合备选项可知feel“感觉”，符合语境，故选C。 71．句意：总而言之，为了拥有更灿烂的笑容，你应该改善饮食习惯，并且每天刷牙两次。根据形容词“brighter”可知此处应填名词，由“you should improve your eating habits as well as brush yours teeth twice a day.”并结合备选项可知，smile“微笑”，符合语境，故选E。   Passage 10 将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。 A．saves        B．computer        C． evening        D．night        E. slower Are you able to send a letter with pictures and sounds to someone anywhere in the world without putting a stamp on it? With e-mail you can just do that. Using a 72 you can send e-mail quickly and easily. The post is much 73 than e-mail. E-mail is easy to use and it 74 time and money. The differences in time in different parts of the world do not matter when sending e-mail. It is twenty-four-hour service, so you can send e-mail at any time of the day or 75 . No one has to be there to receive e-mail. It doesn’t matter if your friends are in bed when you send e-mail to them, or you are seeing a film at the cinema when they send e-mail back. A．store        B．with        C． difficulty        D．happen to        E. instead of Oh, no, not again! I’ve forgotten my password again! We all have 76 remembering the passwords to unlock our electronic devices (电子设备). But, if you could take a pill that remembers all of your passwords, would you take it? Proteus Digital Health, a company from America came up with the idea to create such a powerful pill. It can 77 all of your passwords. So if you take the pill, you can open up your computers or smartphones 78 having to type in your passwords. How does it work? The pill has a small chip (芯片). It has all your passwords and works by the acid (酸) in your stomach. Then your smartphones or computers can read the passwords on the chip when you are near. So forgetting your passwords won’t 79 you in the future any longer. 【答案】72．B 73．E 74．A 75．D 76．C 77．A 78．E 79．D 【导语】①本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍电子邮件快速便捷、节省时间金钱、全天候服务的优势，以及不受时差和接收方状态影响的特点。 ②本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍美国一家公司推出可存储所有密码的药丸，说明其功能、工作原理及能解决人们忘记电子设备密码的问题。 72．句意：使用一台电脑，你可以快速便捷地发送电子邮件。这里需要一个名词，因为前面是“a”，所以应该是单数可数名词。电子邮件是通过计算机发送的。故选B。 73．句意：邮政邮件比电子邮件慢得多。这里需要一个形容词的比较级，因为“much”修饰比较级。这表示邮政比电子邮件慢。故选E。 74．句意：电子邮件使用方便，还能节省时间和金钱。这里需要一个动词，句子为一般现在时，用第三人称单数形式，因为主语是“it”。saves意思是节省时间和金钱，符合电子邮件的好处。故选A。 75．句意：它是24小时服务，所以你可以在白天或夜晚的任何时候发送。这里需要一个与“day”对应的词，表示夜晚。“day or night”是一个常见短语。故选D。 76．句意：我们所有人在记住解锁电子设备的密码时都有困难。这里需要一个名词或名词短语。 difficulty意思是“在记住密码方面有困难”，符合上下文，have difficulty doing“在做某事方面有困难”是固定搭配。故选C。 77．句意：它能存储你所有的密码。根据“It can…all of your passwords.”这里需要一个动词，表示存储。store意思是存储密码。故选A。 78．句意：所以只要服用了这种药丸，你无需输入密码，就能打开电脑或智能手机。这里需要一个词组，表示“而不是”用instead of，此处指“而不是需要输入密码”。故选E。 79．句意：这样一来，未来你就再也不会遭遇忘记密码的烦恼了。根据“Then your smartphones or computers can read the passwords on the chip when you are near.”可知，服用药丸解决了忘记密码的烦恼，即“忘记密码不会发生在你身上”，happen to“发生在某人身上”。故选D。 25 / 25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $