第01讲 八年级下册Unit 1 Time to Relax 课内解析篇（寒假预习讲义）八年级英语新教材人教版

第01讲 八年级下册Unit 1 Time to Relax 课内解析篇（寒假预习讲义） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 一．课文解析 Section A 3a Peter: Hey Yaming! What are you up to? Yaming: Hi Peter. I'm doing calligraphy. Peter:"It's beautiful! What are you writing? Yaming: It's a poem by Li Bai. My grandmother taught me how to write it. Peter:What's this character? Yaming: It's yue. It means “moon”. Peter:It's nice! I like watching you write like that. But it looks difficult. Yaming: Well, the first step is always the hardest. When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single strokes. Peter:I know how that feels! My dad's teaching me to play the guitar. It's difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up. Yaming: Exactly. Now I do calligraphy to relax. I even like how the ink smells!Why did you choose to play the guitar? Peter:I think playing the guitar is cool. Will you teach me to write a poem? I can teach you to play a song in return. Yaming: It's a deal! 彼得：嘿，亚明！最近怎么样？亚明：嗨，彼得。我正在练书法呢。 彼得：“真美！你在写什么？亚明：这是李白的一首诗。我祖母教我怎么写的。 彼得：这个角色是什么？亚明：这是“月”字，意思是“月亮”。 彼得：真不错！我喜欢看你这样写。不过看起来有点难。 雅明：嗯，第一步总是最难的。刚开始学书法时，我花了很多时间练习单笔。 彼得：我太懂那种感觉了！我爸爸正在教我弹吉他。虽然很难，但他总是鼓励我不要放弃。 亚明：没错。现在我练书法是放松心情，甚至喜欢墨水的清香！你为什么选择弹吉他？彼得：我觉得弹吉他很酷。你能教我写首诗吗？作为回报，我可以教你弹首歌。 亚明：这可真是个好买卖！ 1.What are you up to? 你在做什么呢? up to 正在做；由某人决定 (1)常用于口语中，表示“正在做”，相当于doing。 The kids are being very quiet—what do you think they’re up to? 孩子们异常安静，你觉得他们在捣什么鬼? (2)由某人决定 —Shall we eat out or stay in? 咱们是到外面吃饭还是待在家里?—It’s up to you. 你决定吧。 up to的其他用法： (1)达到(某数量、程度等) ；至多有 The temperature went up to 35℃. 气温上升到了35摄氏度。 I’m a blue whale. I may eat up to 3.6 million krill per day!我是一头蓝鲸。我每天最多可以吃360万只磷虾! (2)直到 The store is open up to 9 p.m. on weekends. 这家店周末营业到晚上9点。 2.When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single strokes. 我刚开始练书法时，花了好几个小时练习单个的笔画。 spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事 动词 常用结构 spend Sb. spends time/money on sth. 某人在某事/物上花费时间/金钱。 Sb. spends time/money doing sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事。 take It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花费(某人)多长时间。 cost Sth. costs sb. money. 某物花费某人多少钱 pay Sb. pays money for sth. 某人为某物支付多少钱。 3.It's difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up.那很难，但他总是鼓励我不要放弃。 【详解】give up 放弃 可单独使用，也可跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。其中，up是副词，代词作宾语时，须置于give与up之间。 Why don't you give up smoking?你为什么不戒烟？ We never give it up, though English isn't easy to learn.虽然英语不容易学，但我们决不放弃。 【拓展】give构成的其他短语 give out 用完；耗尽 give off 发出；放出 give in 屈服；投降 give way to 让位于；让步 give back归还；使恢复 give away分发；捐赠；泄露 4.I can teach you to play a song in return.作为回报，我可以教你弹一首歌。 【详解】return ①[名词]回来；归还 常见搭配：in return意为“作为回报”。 » We had a party for him on his return from England. 　他从英国回来的时候,我们为他举办了一个聚会。 » I helped her with her homework, and in return, she invited me to dinner.我帮她辅导作业，作为回报，她邀请我共进晚餐。 ②[动词]回来；归还 作不及物动词，意为“回来”。相当于 come back。“return to十地点名词”表示“返回某地”。还可以作及物动词，意为“归还”。常用短语：return sth to sb“把某物还给某人”。 He returned home late last night. 他昨晚很晚才回家。 He returned the key to his father after using the car.用完车后，他把钥匙还给了他父亲。 5、It's a deal!成交！ 【详解】deal ①[名词]交易；协议 常见搭配：make/do a deal(with.)意为“（与..）达成协议”；It's a deal.意为“就这么办/一言为定。”　 » We make a deal that I'l help him with maths, and he'll teach me basketball.我们达成约定，我帮他学数学，他教我打篮球。 ②[动词]对付 常用短语：deal with“处理；应对”。其过去式和动词-ed形式都是dealt. »How did you deal with the bad milk? 你是怎么处理变质牛奶的？ 【辨析】deal with与do with deal with “处理”，侧重方式、方法，常与how连用 do with “处理”，侧重处理的对象，常与what连用 »I don't know how they deal with the problem. =I don't know what they do with the problem. 　我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。 课文解析 Section A 1b Hobbies That Are Good for You When work or school is over, what do you do to pass the time? Do you spend time on hobbies you love? Reading or listening to music can help us to calm down after a busy day. Physical hobbies, such as playing tennis or doing yoga, can help us to keep fit. And some hobbies are creative. For example,people sometimes paint pictures to remember a beautiful landscape or object, or reduce stress. Luca Bruno likes to be creative in his free time. But he doesn't make art or write stories. Instead, this Italian teenager finds it fun to make mobile phone apps. He thinks that apps can be a great way to help people. He started programming when he was ten, after he read about famous businessmen who started out as programmers. His latest app allows people around the world to find study partners for learning Italian. They can learn Italian and make friends at the same time! "It gives me such a sense of achievement to see people using the app," says Luca."I believe I'm helping people around the world to learn Italian!" Some people prefer not to make things. They prefer to collect them! In India, Maya Badal doesn't collect coins or stamps. Instead, this teenage girl collects postcards! "I know some people think postcards are rather old-fashioned, but I think they're a good way to learn about different places," Maya says."I think it's interesting to see the beautiful buildings and landscapes in foreign countries." Maya's first postcard shows the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. Her dad sent it to her when she was five, and she liked it so much that she put it up on her bedroom wall! Now there are over one hundred postcards from thirty-two countries on Maya's walls. She dreams of travelling to these places in the future! 有益健康的爱好工作或学习结束后，您通常如何消磨时间？是否参与喜爱的爱好活动？阅读或聆听音乐有助于在忙碌一天后放松身心。体育类爱好（如打网球或练习瑜伽）可维持身体健康。部分爱好具有创造性，例如人们有时会通过绘画来纪念美丽的风景或物品，或缓解压力。 卢卡·布鲁诺的业余时间总爱玩创意。不过这位意大利少年不搞艺术创作也不写小说，反而热衷开发手机应用。他认为编程能成为帮助他人的利器。十岁那年，他读到商界名流都从程序员起步的故事后，便开启了编程之路。最新推出的这款应用，能让全球用户找到意大利语学习伙伴，实现“边学边交友”的双重目标！“看到大家用上这个应用，我特别有成就感”，卢卡兴奋地说，“相信我，我正在帮助世界各地的人学习意大利语！” 有人更爱收藏而非创作。在印度，玛雅·巴达尔不收集硬币邮票，而是痴迷于明信片！“虽然觉得明信片有点老掉牙，但它们能让人了解异国风情”，玛雅解释道，“外国的建筑景观和风景美得让人眼前一亮”。 她的首张明信片是五岁时收到的敦煌莫高窟照片，被她当宝贝挂在卧室墙上！如今墙上已贴满来自32个国家的百余张明信片，未来她梦想着能亲自探访这些神奇之地！ 1.On the other hand, opinions express a feeling or belief. 另一方面，观点表达的是一种感觉或看法。 on the other hand另一方面 可单独使用，也可用于 on the one hand...on the other hand... 结构中，表示“一方面……，另一方面……”，引出不同的，尤指是对立的观点、思想等。 On the one hand, having a pet teaches us responsibility; on the other hand, taking care of it takes a lot of time.一方面，养宠物能教会我们责任感；另一方面，照顾它需要花很多时间。 2.① Physical hobbies, such as playing tennis or doing yoga, can help us to keep fit.体育类爱好，如打网球或做瑜伽，可以帮助我们保持健康。 ② For example, people sometimes paint pictures to remember a beautiful landscape or object , or reduce stress. 例如，人们有时会画画来记住美丽的风景或物体，或借此来缓解压力。 短语 相同点 不同点 such as  均表示部分列举，列举对象通常为同类的人或事物。 常位于列举对象之前，列举对象可以是名词(短语)或动词-ing (短语)。 常用逗号与列举对象隔开，可位于列举对象之前或之后。列举对象可以是名词(短语)、动词-ing(短语) ，还可以是句子。 for example 3. Instead, this Italian teenager finds it fun to make mobile phone apps. 相反，这位意大利少年觉得制作手机应用程序很有趣。 find it +adj. + to do sth. 发现做某事是……的 该结构中，it作 find 的形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语。可用于此结构的动词还有 think、make、consider、feel等。 You may find it hard to accept your weakness.你可能觉得难以接受自己的弱点。 I think it useless to talk about it with them. 我认为跟他们谈这件事没有用。 4. “ I know some people think postcards are rather old-fashioned, but I think they’re a good way to learn about different places,” Maya says. “我知道有些人觉得明信片相当过时，但我认为它们是了解不同地方的好方式。”马娅说 。 rather adv. 相当；更准确地说 (1)相当 多用于修饰形容词或副词。 The plants there are quite green, the water is very clear and the air is rather fresh. 那里的植物很绿，水很清澈，空气也非常清新。 (2)更准确地说 用于纠正所说的话或提供更确切的信息。 In the end he had to walk, or rather, run to the office. 最后他不得不走着，应该说是跑着，去办公室。 【拓】(1)would rather do sth. 宁愿做某事 I’d rather have a quiet night in front of the TV.我宁愿晚上安安静静地看看电视。 (2)rather than而不是 相当于 instead of。 I think I’ll have tea rather than coffee. 我想要茶，不要咖啡。 5.His latest app allows people around the world to find study partners for learning Italian.他最新的应用程序能让世界各地的人找到学习意大利语的伙伴。 【详解】allow[动词]使······成为可能；允许常见搭配：allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”；allow doing sth“允许做某事”。 »Pride would not allow him to accept the money. 自尊心不容他接受这笔钱。 »They allowed smoking in this room only.　他们只允许在这个房间里抽烟。 6. She dreams of travelling to these places in the future! 她梦想未来能去这些地方旅行 dream of 梦想 dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事 相当于 dream about doing sth. 。dream 此时意为“ 梦想 ”。 She dreams of visiting Yunnan one day. 她梦想着有一天能去云南。 7.Any suggestions?有什么建议吗？ 【详解】suggestion[名词]建议；提议 此处作可数名词。make a suggestion意为“提出建议”。 I have a suggestion to make. 我要提个建议。 【辨析】suggestion 与advice suggestion 表示“建议”时，为可数名词，可直接用a、some、many等词修饰，其复数形式为suggestions advice 不可数名词，不能直接用数词或many、a few等来修饰，表示“一条建议”应用 a piece of advice I made a few suggestions about how we could spend the afternoon.我提了几条关于我们如何度过下午的建议。 I’ll give you some advice, Mike; don't try. 迈克，我要给你些忠告，别去试。 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。 1. An old Chinese ________ (诗) says that ducks are the first ones to feel the coming spring. 2. Even a ________ (单个的) small act of kindness can brighten someone’s day. 3. Everyone started to cheer when the spaceship ________ (回来) to Earth successfully. 4. Mom is so great. She works full-time and still ________ (设法做到) to run a home. 5. The brush serves as the primary tool for writing is cherished for its graceful ________ (笔触). 6. He likes to go jogging every day because it helps to r________ stress. 7. I want to buy some s________. Would you like to go to the post office with me? 8. —The Greens are used to living in Changchun now. —We hope more and more f________ friends live a better life in Jilin. 9. My mom will go shopping for some everyday o________ such as soap in a store. 10. She will send p__________ to her friends when she gets to a new place. 【答案】1. poem 2. single 3. returned 4. manages 5. strokes 6. reduce 7. stamps 8. foreign 9. objects 10. postcards 二、从方框中选择适当的单词/短语，并用其正确形式填空。 deal; poet; calligraphy; practise; similar 1. Li Bai, the famous poet, has left many ________ for people to appreciate. 2. To learn English well, you have to spend some time ________ it every day. 3. You give me ten yuan, and I give you two notebooks. It’s a ________. 4. You have a ________ with your good friend. You are both good at English. 5. Shows of paintings, ________ works, and 3D artworks attracted many students. 【答案】1. poems 2. practising 3. deal 4. similarity 5. calligraphy 三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. My parents don’t allow me ________ (play) computer games for too long. 2. Shafi fell in love with coding after watching ________ (program) work at his father’s office. 3. We are very proud of the great ________ (achieve) that we have made in the space industry in the past years. 4. During your ________ (teenager) years, you might suddenly grow 10 centimeters or more in a single year. 5. I saw some ________ (Italian) eating Chinese hotpot happily in the restaurant yesterday. 【答案】1. to play 2. programmers 3. achievements 4. teenage 5. Italians 四、单项选择。 1. —Could you teach me ________ to solve this math problem? —Sure. Let me explain it step by step. A. how B. when C. why D. where 2. —Allen, you should not ________ so easily when you meet difficulties. —Thanks for your advice. I’ll try to keep going. A. give up B. wake up C. pick up D. get up 3. —I’m tired out. I have stayed up late the whole week. —You’d better ________ your time better and plan for each task. A. make B. have C. take D. manage 4. —My father has tried every possible way he can think of ________. But he’s still feeling tired. —Don’t worry. Maybe he needs a holiday. A. relaxing B. to relaxing C. to relax D. relax 5. —Let’s go to the countryside and do some social practices this summer holiday. —________. We can help the farmers sell their products. A. It’s a deal B. Not at all C. Don’t mention it D. Take it easy 6. Eating vegetables and fruit is good for our health. Through this, we can ________ the risk (风险) of heart attack. A. stop B. reduce C. encourage D. fight 7. The old man works in the musical field, or ________, he is a well-known pianist. A. rather B. instead C. however D. therefore 8. It’s reported that a school in the UK is going to allow students ________ lessons in the afternoon. A. start B. starting C. to start D. starts 9. In recent years, red phone boxes have become mini-libraries, cafes and even art spaces in Britain. People are finding creative ways ________ this symbol of British cultural heritage (文化遗产). A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protected 10. The weather was ________ bad ________ we couldn’t finish the work on time. A. so; that B. enough; that C. such an; that D. too; to 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 9.B 10.A 五、根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。 1. 在家里看电视还是去公园放风筝，由你来决定。 It’s ________ ________ ________ to watch TV at home or fly a kite in the park. 2. 当他遇到挑战的时候，他从不轻易放弃，而是更喜欢努力去解决它们。 When he faces challenges, he never ________ ________ easily, but prefers to try hard to solve them. 3. 为了感谢哈尔滨人民，他们送了20车的桔子作为回报。 In order to thank to the people in Harbin, they sent 20 trucks of oranges ________ ________. 4. 我们的英语老师总是鼓励我们自己寻找问题的答案。 Our English teacher always ________ us ________ find the answers to the questions by ourselves. 5. 万事开头难，但也是最为关键的。 The first step is always ________ ________, but it’s also the most important. 6. 我的表妹梦想将来成为一名科学家，研究太空。 My cousin ________ ________ becoming a scientist to study space in the future. 7. 遇到危险时，我们要先冷静下来再采取行动。 We should _________ _________ before taking action when we are in danger. 8. 人们在新婚夫妇家里张贴“双喜”以表达美好的祝愿。 People _________ _________ “double happiness” in the new couple’s home for good wishes. 9. 只要我们从小事做起，我们的校园会有所不同。 As long as we _________ _________ small, we can make a difference to our school. 10. 学习一项新技能起初可能很难，但熟能生巧。 It may be hard to _________ _________ _________ _________ at first, but practice makes perfect. 【答案】1. up to you 2. gives up 3. in return 4. encourage; to 5. the hardest 6. dreams of 7. calm down 8. put up 9. start out 10. learn a new skill 考点1：动词不定式的用法 1.We will attend the tea festival in our town_______more about tea culture. A. learning B. to learn C. learned 【答案】B句意：我们将参加我们镇上的茶文化节，以了解更多茶文化。根据“more about tea culture”可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式，故选B。 2.Go and have a good sleep,baby. Let me________(worry) about these things. 【答案】worry句意：去睡个好觉吧，宝贝。让我来担心这些事。let sb(not) do sth“让某人（不）做某事”，省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填 worry。 考点2：give up的用法 3.面对困难，我们应该永不放弃。 We should never_______ _______in the face of difficulties. 【答案】根据英汉对照可知，题线处表示“放弃”。故填 give up。 考点3：return的用法 4.We_______the books to the library after we read them. A. returned　 B. pointed　 C. waved　 D. caught 【答案】A句意：我们读完书之后把它们归还给图书馆了。return 归还；point 指向；wave 挥手；catch 抓住。根据后面的“after we read them”可知，此处指把书还给图书馆，故选A。 考点4：suggestion的用法 5.If you are a beginner of running, here are my_________ (suggestion) for you to avoid getting hurt. 【答案】suggestions句意：如果你是初跑者，以下是我给你的避免受伤的建议。suggestion 是可数名词，前面系动词用的are,此处应用其复数形式。故填 suggestions。 知识导图记忆 一．重点单词 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Verb动词 1. 滑雪ski 2. 表达；表示express 3. 完成（困难的事）；管理manage 4. 督促；推push 5. 减少reduce 6. 使……成为可能；允许allow 7. 激励；鼓舞inspire Noun 名词 1. 书法calligraphy 2. 教练；指导者instructor 3. 诗poem 4. 笔画；击球stroke 5. 墨水ink 6. 功夫kung fu 7. 出外游玩；远足outing 8. 精神压力；紧张stress 9. 瑜伽yoga 10. 物品；宾语 object 11. 程序设计员programmer 11. 感觉；感官sense 12. 成就achievement 13. 硬币coin 14. 邮票stamp 15. 明信片postcard 16. 建议；提议suggestion 17. 失败failure 18. 舞台；阶段stage Adjective 形容词 1. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌的scared 2. 单个的；单身的single 3. 青少年的teenage 4. 过时的；守旧的old-fashioned 5. 外国的；国外的foreign 6. 严厉的；严格的strict Adverb 副词 1. 相当；更准确地说rather 2. 出人意料地：惊人地surprisingly 3. 重要地importantly Pronoun 代词 1. 我自己myself 2. 多重词性词 1. v. 编写程序n. 程序；节目；项目program 2. n. & v. 害怕；担忧fear 3. n. & v. 回来；归还return 4. n. 交易；协议v. 对付deal 5. v. & n. 闲聊chat 6. adj. 意大利的；意大利人的；意大利语的 n. 意大利人；意大利语Italian 二．重点单词变形 1.program v．编写程序n．程序；→programme n.节目；项目→programmer n.程序设计员 2.express v．表达；表示→expression n.表情；表示；表达方式 3.instructor n．教练；指导者→instruct v.指导→instruction n.指示 4.poem n．诗；诗人→poetry n.诗歌 5.single adj．单个的；单身的 n.单程票；单曲→singles 单打比赛 6.achievement n．成就→achieve v.实现；取得 7.teenage adj．青少年的→teenager n.青少年 8.postcard n．明信片 9.foreign adj．外国的；国外的→foreigner n.外国人 10.suggestion n．建议；提议→suggest v.建议 11.failure n．失败→fail v.失败 12.inspire v．激励；鼓舞→inspiration n.灵感；激励 13.surprisingly adv．出人意料地；惊人地→surprising adj.令人惊讶的 14.importantly adv．重要地→important adj.重要的 三．重点短语 1. 吹笛子play the flute 2. 练书法do calligraphy 3. 在某人空闲的时候in one’s free time 4. 害怕；恐惧scared of 5. 克服（困难）；解决（问题）get over 6. 正在做；由某人决定up to 7. 放弃give up 8. 写一首诗write a poem 9. 作为回报in return 10. 设法做成某事manage to do sth 11. 开始做某事；进入get into 12. 试一试某事give it a go 13. 偶尔地；间或once in a while 14. 看起来很像look alike 15. 和朋友闲聊chat with friends 16. 出外游玩go on an outing 17. 平静下来calm down 18. 保持健康keep/stay fit 19. 减少压力reduce stress 20. 创作艺术make art 21. 同时at the same time 22. 成就感a sense of achievement 23. 梦想；希望dream of 24. 学着做，开始做take up 25. 到目前为止 so far 四．重点句子 1. 付兴过去害怕水，但是她开始游泳来克服她的恐惧。Fu Xing used to be scared of water, but she started swimming to get over her fear. 2. 当我开始练书法时，我花了几个小时练习单笔画。When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single strokes. 3. 这很难，但是他总是鼓励我不要放弃。It’s difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up. 4. 我看到我妈妈画画。我决定试一试。I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go. 5. ——我的父母告诉我不要对自己太苛刻。—My parents told me not to push myself too hard. ——是的，重要的是不要忘记偶尔放松一下。—Yes, it’s important not to forget to relax once in a while. 6.例如，人们有时画画来记住美丽的风景或物体，或减轻压力。For example, people sometimes paint pictures to remember a beautiful landscape or object, or reduce stress. 7. 我认为看到国外美丽的建筑和风景很有趣。I think it’s interesting to see the beautiful buildings and landscapes in foreign countries. 8. 她梦想着将来去这些地方旅行！She dreams of travelling to these places in the future! 9. 我应该克服对失败的恐惧，试着玩得开心。I should get over my fear of failure and just try to have fun. 10. 绘画也是一个发现你的创造性的好方法。Painting is a great way to discover your creative side too. 11. 我喜欢骑马，因为我喜欢置身于大自然中。I love horse riding because I enjoy being in nature. 12. 只工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子也变傻。All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 一．单项选择 1.—I’m too 　　　 to try paragliding (滑翔伞运动). —Just go for it. You never know what you can do until you try. A.scared　　 B.bored　　 C.related　　 D.excited 【答案】A解析　根据答语可知,不去尝试,永远不知道自己能做什么,应该是在鼓励因害怕而不敢玩滑翔伞运动的那个人。故选A。 2.During the journey, the little girl was cold and hungry, but she didn’t 　　　 halfway.  A.eat up　　 B.cheer up　     C.give up　　 D.tie up 【答案】C解析　根据but可知,小女孩又冷又饿,但她没有放弃。故选C。 3.Daniel 　　　 a book he likes and has kept it for over two weeks, so he has to 　　　 it to the library now.    A.lent; take 　　 B.borrowed; give C.borrowed; return 　　 D.lent; bring 【答案】C解析　句意:丹尼尔借了一本他喜欢的书,已经借了两个多星期了,所以他现在得把它归还给图书馆。第一空指借书,用borrowed;return sth. to...意为“把……归还给……”。故选C。 4.More and more people choose green travel to 　　　 air pollution.   A.drop　　 B.increase　　 C.cause　     D.reduce 【答案】D解析　句意:越来越多的人选择绿色出行是为了减少空气污染。根据句意可知,绿色出行是为了减少空气污染。故选D。 5.The internet 　　　 people to quickly find information about almost any subject they can imagine.   A.expects　     B.allows　　 C.warns　　 D.chooses 【答案】B解析　句意:互联网使人们能够快速找到他们能想到的几乎任何主题的信息。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。故选B。 二．根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 1.我妹妹害怕狗,所以她不会把狗当作她的宠物。 My sister is ___________ _______ dogs, so she won’t take a dog as her pet. 2.有了老师和家长的帮助,我们将更容易地克服任何难题。 With the help of teachers and parents, it will be easier for us to________ _________any problems. 3.我可以教你演奏一首歌作为回报。 I can teach you to play a song _______ ___________. 4.如果你放弃练习,你将永远不会进步。 If you _________ _______ practicing, you’ll never make progress. 5.他在忙什么呢? What is he _______ _______? 6.爱好,如打网球或做瑜伽,可以帮助我们保持健康。 Hobbies, _________ _______ playing tennis or __________ _________, can help us to keep fit. 7.当我还是个孩子的时候,我梦想环游世界。 When I was a child, I ___________________ _______ traveling around the world. 8.露西觉得制作手机应用程序很有趣。 Lucy __________ _______ ________ _______ make mobile phone apps. 9.有些人认为明信片相当过时,但我认为它们是了解过去的好方法。 Some people think postcards are _________ ________________, but I think they're a good way to __________ __________ the past. 【答案】1.scared of 2.get over 3.in get  4.give   up   5.up to   6.such as doing  yoga 7.dreamed/dreamt of 8.finds  it fun to 9.rather old-fashioned  learn about       三．选词填空 so, famous, treasure, one, usual, late, they, write, nation, valuable In ancient China, the study room of intellectuals (文人) was called wen fang in Chinese. Because the writing brush, ink, paper and ink stone (砚台) are used in the study room. They are called the “Four ___1___ of the Study” or wen fang si bao in Chinese. The writing brush is a special ___2___ and painting tool in ancient China. Brushes are ___3___ made of animal hair. Rabbit hair was the ___4___ to be used. According to record, the ancient Chinese also used human hair to make ___5___. Ink is a black material used in calligraphy (书法) and painting. It was born ___6___ than the writing brush. After the Han and Wei Dynasties, ink-making technology became more and more developed, and Huizhou became the ___7___ ink-making center in the Ming Dynasty. The “Hui Ink” produced there is famous all over the world. Papermaking was invented in the Western Han Dynasty and improved by Cai Lun during the Eastern Han Dynasty. After the Song Dynasty, more and more types of paper appeared. The ___8___ one is Xuan paper. Xuan paper is thin but tough, and doesn’t change color easily. ___9___, it’s known as the “thousand-year-old paper”. The ink stone is generally made of stones. In the Qing Dynasty, people carved (雕刻) some patterns on it. Since then, the ink stone has not only been practical, but also had the ___10___ of collection and appreciation. 【答案】1. Treasures 2. writing 3. usually 4. first 5. them 6. later 7. national 8. most famous 9. So 10. value 四．语法填空 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式填空。 We know everyone has his hobby and I enjoy travelling best. Here I’m glad to tell you one of my unforgettable 1 (trip) two weeks ago. Early in the morning, we started after saying goodbye 2 our parents. It took us one hour to arrive at the mountain by bus. We got off the bus, laughing and shouting. We 3 (jump) and ran to the top. It was the 4 (one) time that we stayed away from our parents. When we saw a river, we ran as fast as possible and jumped into it! We swam happily until we 5 (begin) to prepare for lunch. After lunch, we had a party. Li Ming recited two Tang poems with strong feelings. Xiao Fang told us 6 interesting story. Li Mei sang two English songs. Zhang Wei played the guitar 7 sang songs, and all of us believed that he could give a concert. It was so exciting that we 8 (complete) forgot the time. When we 9 (realize) this, it was already eight at night. “Snake!” Wang Li shouted suddenly. We were shocked and afraid. But later we found there was no snake at all. She said it just for 10 (kid). 【答案】1．trips 2．to 3．jumped 4．first 5．began 6．an 7．and 8．completely 9．realized 10．kidding 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了两周前作者一次难忘的旅行经历。 1．句意：在这里，我很高兴地告诉你两周前我难忘的一次旅行。根据“one of my unforgettable”可知，前面有“one of”，表示“众多难忘旅行中的一个”，因此用复数形式trips。故填trips。 2．句意：一大早，我们在和父母告别后就开始出发了。根据“saying goodbye…our parents”可知，此处表达的是“和……告别”，“say goodbye to sb”是固定短语，意为“和某人告别”，所以这里用介词to。故填to。 3．句意：我们跳着跑向山顶。根据“and ran to the top”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，and连接两个并列的动作，所以这里jump也用过去式jumped。故填jumped。 4．句意：这是我们第一次离开父母。根据“the…time”可知，此处表达的是“第一次”，“the first time”表示“第一次”，所以这里用序数词one的序数词first。故填first。 5．句意：我们高兴地游泳，直到我们开始准备午饭。根据“We swam happily until we…to prepare for lunch.”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，until引导的时间状语从句，从句也用一般过去时，begin的过去式是began。故填began。 6．句意：小芳给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。根据“interesting story”可知，此处表达的是“一个有趣的故事”，“story”是可数名词单数，前面用不定冠词修饰，interesting是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用an。故填an。 7．句意：张伟弹吉他并且唱歌，我们都相信他能开一场音乐会。根据“Zhang Wei played the guitar…sang songs”可知，此处表达的是“弹吉他并且唱歌”，play和sing是并列的动作，所以用并列连词and连接。故填and。 8．句意：它是如此令人兴奋以至于我们完全忘记了时间。根据“It was so exciting that we…forgot the time.”可知，此处表达的是“完全忘记”，“completely”是副词，意为“完全地”，修饰动词forgot。故填completely。 9．句意：当我们意识到这一点时，已经是晚上八点了。根据“it was already eight at night”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，when引导的时间状语从句，从句也用一般过去时，realize的过去式是realized。故填realized。 10．句意：她说那只是为了开玩笑。根据“She said it just for…”可知，此处表达的是“为了开玩笑”，“for”是介词，后面接名词或动名词，kid的名词形式是kidding，表示“开玩笑”。故填kidding。 五、任务型阅读 Sage of Calligraphy Wang Xizhi used to have a job as an officer of the Jin Dynasty. However, he is best known for his unbelievable skills in calligraphy (书法). He was so talented that he became the most famous calligrapher of his time. For his brilliant achievements, he is still remembered and respected as the “Sage (圣人) of Calligraphy”. Wang’s uncles and cousins were all famous calligraphers of their time. At seven, Wang began learning calligraphy from a female calligrapher, Wei Shuo. Wang was such a hard-working student that he tried his best to improve calligraphy. He kept copying the Wei-style calligraphy for years and learned much from her works. In addition, when coming up with some good ideas, he would write them down at any time. In 353, Wang invited famous people to gather at the Orchid Pavilion. The guests were asked to write poems while drinking. After collecting all the poems, Wang wrote xingshu-style Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection (《兰亭集序》) on his own, describing how happy these men were. Wang’s Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection is more popular than his other art works. His talents in calligraphy were fully shown in this work. Wang Xizhi set a great example for calligraphers who came after him. His style became the model that many calligraphers followed for centuries. His work, Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection, is more than a piece of art. It is a timeless treasure that continues to inspire all who love Chinese culture. Even now, his work is widely studied by students and artists because it symbolizes the Chinese culture. The Introduction to Wang Xizhi Background Information ▲ Living in a calligraphers’ family; ▲ ____1____ as an officer; ▲Studying calligraphy under Wei Shuo. Learning Experiences ▲Practicing and copying for years; ▲Writing down his good ideas ____2____ he comes up with some. Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection Introduction ▲Being created at the Orchid Pavilion; ▲Being ____3____ among all his art works; ▲Showing Wang’s calligraphy ____4____. Influence ▲Setting a good example for calligraphers; ▲Being studied and copied; ▲Serving as a ____5____ of Chinese culture. 【答案】1. Working2. when/whenever 3. the most popular 4. talents/skills 5. symbol/treasure $ 第01讲 八年级下册Unit 1 Time to Relax 课内解析篇（寒假预习讲义） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 一．课文解析 Section A 3a Peter: Hey Yaming! What are you up to? Yaming: Hi Peter. I'm doing calligraphy. Peter:"It's beautiful! What are you writing? Yaming: It's a poem by Li Bai. My grandmother taught me how to write it. Peter:What's this character? Yaming: It's yue. It means “moon”. Peter:It's nice! I like watching you write like that. But it looks difficult. Yaming: Well, the first step is always the hardest. When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single strokes. Peter:I know how that feels! My dad's teaching me to play the guitar. It's difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up. Yaming: Exactly. Now I do calligraphy to relax. I even like how the ink smells!Why did you choose to play the guitar? Peter:I think playing the guitar is cool. Will you teach me to write a poem? I can teach you to play a song in return. Yaming: It's a deal! 彼得：嘿，亚明！最近怎么样？亚明：嗨，彼得。我正在练书法呢。 彼得：“真美！你在写什么？亚明：这是李白的一首诗。我祖母教我怎么写的。 彼得：这个角色是什么？亚明：这是“月”字，意思是“月亮”。 彼得：真不错！我喜欢看你这样写。不过看起来有点难。 雅明：嗯，第一步总是最难的。刚开始学书法时，我花了很多时间练习单笔。 彼得：我太懂那种感觉了！我爸爸正在教我弹吉他。虽然很难，但他总是鼓励我不要放弃。 亚明：没错。现在我练书法是放松心情，甚至喜欢墨水的清香！你为什么选择弹吉他？彼得：我觉得弹吉他很酷。你能教我写首诗吗？作为回报，我可以教你弹首歌。 亚明：这可真是个好买卖！ 1.What are you up to? 你在做什么呢? up to 正在做；由某人决定 (1)常用于口语中，表示“正在做”，相当于doing。 The kids are being very quiet—what do you think they’re up to? 孩子们异常安静，你觉得他们在捣什么鬼? (2)由某人决定 —Shall we eat out or stay in? 咱们是到外面吃饭还是待在家里?—It’s up to you. 你决定吧。 up to的其他用法： (1)达到(某数量、程度等) ；至多有 The temperature went up to 35℃. 气温上升到了35摄氏度。 I’m a blue whale. I may eat up to 3.6 million krill per day!我是一头蓝鲸。我每天最多可以吃360万只磷虾! (2)直到 The store is open up to 9 p.m. on weekends. 这家店周末营业到晚上9点。 2.When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single strokes. 我刚开始练书法时，花了好几个小时练习单个的笔画。 spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事 动词 常用结构 spend Sb. spends time/money on sth. 某人在某事/物上花费时间/金钱。 Sb. spends time/money doing sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事。 take It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花费(某人)多长时间。 cost Sth. costs sb. money. 某物花费某人多少钱 pay Sb. pays money for sth. 某人为某物支付多少钱。 3.It's difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up.那很难，但他总是鼓励我不要放弃。 【详解】give up 放弃 可单独使用，也可跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。其中，up是副词，代词作宾语时，须置于give与up之间。 Why don't you give up smoking?你为什么不戒烟？ We never give it up, though English isn't easy to learn.虽然英语不容易学，但我们决不放弃。 【拓展】give构成的其他短语 give out 用完；耗尽 give off 发出；放出 give in 屈服；投降 give way to 让位于；让步 give back归还；使恢复 give away分发；捐赠；泄露 4.I can teach you to play a song in return.作为回报，我可以教你弹一首歌。 【详解】return ①[名词]回来；归还 常见搭配：in return意为“作为回报”。 » We had a party for him on his return from England. 　他从英国回来的时候,我们为他举办了一个聚会。 » I helped her with her homework, and in return, she invited me to dinner.我帮她辅导作业，作为回报，她邀请我共进晚餐。 ②[动词]回来；归还 作不及物动词，意为“回来”。相当于 come back。“return to十地点名词”表示“返回某地”。还可以作及物动词，意为“归还”。常用短语：return sth to sb“把某物还给某人”。 He returned home late last night. 他昨晚很晚才回家。 He returned the key to his father after using the car.用完车后，他把钥匙还给了他父亲。 5、It's a deal!成交！ 【详解】deal ①[名词]交易；协议 常见搭配：make/do a deal(with.)意为“（与..）达成协议”；It's a deal.意为“就这么办/一言为定。”　 » We make a deal that I'l help him with maths, and he'll teach me basketball.我们达成约定，我帮他学数学，他教我打篮球。 ②[动词]对付 常用短语：deal with“处理；应对”。其过去式和动词-ed形式都是dealt. »How did you deal with the bad milk? 你是怎么处理变质牛奶的？ 【辨析】deal with与do with deal with “处理”，侧重方式、方法，常与how连用 do with “处理”，侧重处理的对象，常与what连用 »I don't know how they deal with the problem. =I don't know what they do with the problem. 　我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。 课文解析 Section A 1b Hobbies That Are Good for You When work or school is over, what do you do to pass the time? Do you spend time on hobbies you love? Reading or listening to music can help us to calm down after a busy day. Physical hobbies, such as playing tennis or doing yoga, can help us to keep fit. And some hobbies are creative. For example,people sometimes paint pictures to remember a beautiful landscape or object, or reduce stress. Luca Bruno likes to be creative in his free time. But he doesn't make art or write stories. Instead, this Italian teenager finds it fun to make mobile phone apps. He thinks that apps can be a great way to help people. He started programming when he was ten, after he read about famous businessmen who started out as programmers. His latest app allows people around the world to find study partners for learning Italian. They can learn Italian and make friends at the same time! "It gives me such a sense of achievement to see people using the app," says Luca."I believe I'm helping people around the world to learn Italian!" Some people prefer not to make things. They prefer to collect them! In India, Maya Badal doesn't collect coins or stamps. Instead, this teenage girl collects postcards! "I know some people think postcards are rather old-fashioned, but I think they're a good way to learn about different places," Maya says."I think it's interesting to see the beautiful buildings and landscapes in foreign countries." Maya's first postcard shows the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. Her dad sent it to her when she was five, and she liked it so much that she put it up on her bedroom wall! Now there are over one hundred postcards from thirty-two countries on Maya's walls. She dreams of travelling to these places in the future! 有益健康的爱好工作或学习结束后，您通常如何消磨时间？是否参与喜爱的爱好活动？阅读或聆听音乐有助于在忙碌一天后放松身心。体育类爱好（如打网球或练习瑜伽）可维持身体健康。部分爱好具有创造性，例如人们有时会通过绘画来纪念美丽的风景或物品，或缓解压力。 卢卡·布鲁诺的业余时间总爱玩创意。不过这位意大利少年不搞艺术创作也不写小说，反而热衷开发手机应用。他认为编程能成为帮助他人的利器。十岁那年，他读到商界名流都从程序员起步的故事后，便开启了编程之路。最新推出的这款应用，能让全球用户找到意大利语学习伙伴，实现“边学边交友”的双重目标！“看到大家用上这个应用，我特别有成就感”，卢卡兴奋地说，“相信我，我正在帮助世界各地的人学习意大利语！” 有人更爱收藏而非创作。在印度，玛雅·巴达尔不收集硬币邮票，而是痴迷于明信片！“虽然觉得明信片有点老掉牙，但它们能让人了解异国风情”，玛雅解释道，“外国的建筑景观和风景美得让人眼前一亮”。 她的首张明信片是五岁时收到的敦煌莫高窟照片，被她当宝贝挂在卧室墙上！如今墙上已贴满来自32个国家的百余张明信片，未来她梦想着能亲自探访这些神奇之地！ 1.On the other hand, opinions express a feeling or belief. 另一方面，观点表达的是一种感觉或看法。 on the other hand另一方面 可单独使用，也可用于 on the one hand...on the other hand... 结构中，表示“一方面……，另一方面……”，引出不同的，尤指是对立的观点、思想等。 On the one hand, having a pet teaches us responsibility; on the other hand, taking care of it takes a lot of time.一方面，养宠物能教会我们责任感；另一方面，照顾它需要花很多时间。 2.① Physical hobbies, such as playing tennis or doing yoga, can help us to keep fit.体育类爱好，如打网球或做瑜伽，可以帮助我们保持健康。 ② For example, people sometimes paint pictures to remember a beautiful landscape or object , or reduce stress. 例如，人们有时会画画来记住美丽的风景或物体，或借此来缓解压力。 短语 相同点 不同点 such as  均表示部分列举，列举对象通常为同类的人或事物。 常位于列举对象之前，列举对象可以是名词(短语)或动词-ing (短语)。 常用逗号与列举对象隔开，可位于列举对象之前或之后。列举对象可以是名词(短语)、动词-ing(短语) ，还可以是句子。 for example 3. Instead, this Italian teenager finds it fun to make mobile phone apps. 相反，这位意大利少年觉得制作手机应用程序很有趣。 find it +adj. + to do sth. 发现做某事是……的 该结构中，it作 find 的形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语。可用于此结构的动词还有 think、make、consider、feel等。 You may find it hard to accept your weakness.你可能觉得难以接受自己的弱点。 I think it useless to talk about it with them. 我认为跟他们谈这件事没有用。 4. “ I know some people think postcards are rather old-fashioned, but I think they’re a good way to learn about different places,” Maya says. “我知道有些人觉得明信片相当过时，但我认为它们是了解不同地方的好方式。”马娅说 。 rather adv. 相当；更准确地说 (1)相当 多用于修饰形容词或副词。 The plants there are quite green, the water is very clear and the air is rather fresh. 那里的植物很绿，水很清澈，空气也非常清新。 (2)更准确地说 用于纠正所说的话或提供更确切的信息。 In the end he had to walk, or rather, run to the office. 最后他不得不走着，应该说是跑着，去办公室。 【拓】(1)would rather do sth. 宁愿做某事 I’d rather have a quiet night in front of the TV.我宁愿晚上安安静静地看看电视。 (2)rather than而不是 相当于 instead of。 I think I’ll have tea rather than coffee. 我想要茶，不要咖啡。 5.His latest app allows people around the world to find study partners for learning Italian.他最新的应用程序能让世界各地的人找到学习意大利语的伙伴。 【详解】allow[动词]使······成为可能；允许常见搭配：allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”；allow doing sth“允许做某事”。 »Pride would not allow him to accept the money. 自尊心不容他接受这笔钱。 »They allowed smoking in this room only.　他们只允许在这个房间里抽烟。 6. She dreams of travelling to these places in the future! 她梦想未来能去这些地方旅行 dream of 梦想 dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事 相当于 dream about doing sth. 。dream 此时意为“ 梦想 ”。 She dreams of visiting Yunnan one day. 她梦想着有一天能去云南。 7.Any suggestions?有什么建议吗？ 【详解】suggestion[名词]建议；提议 此处作可数名词。make a suggestion意为“提出建议”。 I have a suggestion to make. 我要提个建议。 【辨析】suggestion 与advice suggestion 表示“建议”时，为可数名词，可直接用a、some、many等词修饰，其复数形式为suggestions advice 不可数名词，不能直接用数词或many、a few等来修饰，表示“一条建议”应用 a piece of advice I made a few suggestions about how we could spend the afternoon.我提了几条关于我们如何度过下午的建议。 I’ll give you some advice, Mike; don't try. 迈克，我要给你些忠告，别去试。 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。 1. An old Chinese ________ (诗) says that ducks are the first ones to feel the coming spring. 2. Even a ________ (单个的) small act of kindness can brighten someone’s day. 3. Everyone started to cheer when the spaceship ________ (回来) to Earth successfully. 4. Mom is so great. She works full-time and still ________ (设法做到) to run a home. 5. The brush serves as the primary tool for writing is cherished for its graceful ________ (笔触). 6. He likes to go jogging every day because it helps to r________ stress. 7. I want to buy some s________. Would you like to go to the post office with me? 8. —The Greens are used to living in Changchun now. —We hope more and more f________ friends live a better life in Jilin. 9. My mom will go shopping for some everyday o________ such as soap in a store. 10. She will send p__________ to her friends when she gets to a new place. 二、从方框中选择适当的单词/短语，并用其正确形式填空。 deal; poet; calligraphy; practise; similar 1. Li Bai, the famous poet, has left many ________ for people to appreciate. 2. To learn English well, you have to spend some time ________ it every day. 3. You give me ten yuan, and I give you two notebooks. It’s a ________. 4. You have a ________ with your good friend. You are both good at English. 5. Shows of paintings, ________ works, and 3D artworks attracted many students. 三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. My parents don’t allow me ________ (play) computer games for too long. 2. Shafi fell in love with coding after watching ________ (program) work at his father’s office. 3. We are very proud of the great ________ (achieve) that we have made in the space industry in the past years. 4. During your ________ (teenager) years, you might suddenly grow 10 centimeters or more in a single year. 5. I saw some ________ (Italian) eating Chinese hotpot happily in the restaurant yesterday. 四、单项选择。 1. —Could you teach me ________ to solve this math problem? —Sure. Let me explain it step by step. A. how B. when C. why D. where 2. —Allen, you should not ________ so easily when you meet difficulties. —Thanks for your advice. I’ll try to keep going. A. give up B. wake up C. pick up D. get up 3. —I’m tired out. I have stayed up late the whole week. —You’d better ________ your time better and plan for each task. A. make B. have C. take D. manage 4. —My father has tried every possible way he can think of ________. But he’s still feeling tired. —Don’t worry. Maybe he needs a holiday. A. relaxing B. to relaxing C. to relax D. relax 5. —Let’s go to the countryside and do some social practices this summer holiday. —________. We can help the farmers sell their products. A. It’s a deal B. Not at all C. Don’t mention it D. Take it easy 6. Eating vegetables and fruit is good for our health. Through this, we can ________ the risk (风险) of heart attack. A. stop B. reduce C. encourage D. fight 7. The old man works in the musical field, or ________, he is a well-known pianist. A. rather B. instead C. however D. therefore 8. It’s reported that a school in the UK is going to allow students ________ lessons in the afternoon. A. start B. starting C. to start D. starts 9. In recent years, red phone boxes have become mini-libraries, cafes and even art spaces in Britain. People are finding creative ways ________ this symbol of British cultural heritage (文化遗产). A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protected 10. The weather was ________ bad ________ we couldn’t finish the work on time. A. so; that B. enough; that C. such an; that D. too; to 五、根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。 1. 在家里看电视还是去公园放风筝，由你来决定。 It’s ________ ________ ________ to watch TV at home or fly a kite in the park. 2. 当他遇到挑战的时候，他从不轻易放弃，而是更喜欢努力去解决它们。 When he faces challenges, he never ________ ________ easily, but prefers to try hard to solve them. 3. 为了感谢哈尔滨人民，他们送了20车的桔子作为回报。 In order to thank to the people in Harbin, they sent 20 trucks of oranges ________ ________. 4. 我们的英语老师总是鼓励我们自己寻找问题的答案。 Our English teacher always ________ us ________ find the answers to the questions by ourselves. 5. 万事开头难，但也是最为关键的。 The first step is always ________ ________, but it’s also the most important. 6. 我的表妹梦想将来成为一名科学家，研究太空。 My cousin ________ ________ becoming a scientist to study space in the future. 7. 遇到危险时，我们要先冷静下来再采取行动。 We should _________ _________ before taking action when we are in danger. 8. 人们在新婚夫妇家里张贴“双喜”以表达美好的祝愿。 People _________ _________ “double happiness” in the new couple’s home for good wishes. 9. 只要我们从小事做起，我们的校园会有所不同。 As long as we _________ _________ small, we can make a difference to our school. 10. 学习一项新技能起初可能很难，但熟能生巧。 It may be hard to _________ _________ _________ _________ at first, but practice makes perfect. 考点1：动词不定式的用法 1.We will attend the tea festival in our town_______more about tea culture. A. learning B. to learn C. learned 2.Go and have a good sleep,baby. Let me________(worry) about these things. 考点2：give up的用法 3.面对困难，我们应该永不放弃。 We should never_______ _______in the face of difficulties. 考点3：return的用法 4.We_______the books to the library after we read them. A. returned　 B. pointed　 C. waved　 D. caught 考点4：suggestion的用法 5.If you are a beginner of running, here are my_________ (suggestion) for you to avoid getting hurt. 知识导图记忆 一．重点单词 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Verb动词 1. 滑雪ski 2. 表达；表示express 3. 完成（困难的事）；管理manage 4. 督促；推push 5. 减少reduce 6. 使……成为可能；允许allow 7. 激励；鼓舞inspire Noun 名词 1. 书法calligraphy 2. 教练；指导者instructor 3. 诗poem 4. 笔画；击球stroke 5. 墨水ink 6. 功夫kung fu 7. 出外游玩；远足outing 8. 精神压力；紧张stress 9. 瑜伽yoga 10. 物品；宾语 object 11. 程序设计员programmer 11. 感觉；感官sense 12. 成就achievement 13. 硬币coin 14. 邮票stamp 15. 明信片postcard 16. 建议；提议suggestion 17. 失败failure 18. 舞台；阶段stage Adjective 形容词 1. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌的scared 2. 单个的；单身的single 3. 青少年的teenage 4. 过时的；守旧的old-fashioned 5. 外国的；国外的foreign 6. 严厉的；严格的strict Adverb 副词 1. 相当；更准确地说rather 2. 出人意料地：惊人地surprisingly 3. 重要地importantly Pronoun 代词 1. 我自己myself 2. 多重词性词 1. v. 编写程序n. 程序；节目；项目program 2. n. & v. 害怕；担忧fear 3. n. & v. 回来；归还return 4. n. 交易；协议v. 对付deal 5. v. & n. 闲聊chat 6. adj. 意大利的；意大利人的；意大利语的 n. 意大利人；意大利语Italian 二．重点单词变形 1.program v．编写程序n．程序；→programme n.节目；项目→programmer n.程序设计员 2.express v．表达；表示→expression n.表情；表示；表达方式 3.instructor n．教练；指导者→instruct v.指导→instruction n.指示 4.poem n．诗；诗人→poetry n.诗歌 5.single adj．单个的；单身的 n.单程票；单曲→singles 单打比赛 6.achievement n．成就→achieve v.实现；取得 7.teenage adj．青少年的→teenager n.青少年 8.postcard n．明信片 9.foreign adj．外国的；国外的→foreigner n.外国人 10.suggestion n．建议；提议→suggest v.建议 11.failure n．失败→fail v.失败 12.inspire v．激励；鼓舞→inspiration n.灵感；激励 13.surprisingly adv．出人意料地；惊人地→surprising adj.令人惊讶的 14.importantly adv．重要地→important adj.重要的 三．重点短语 1. 吹笛子play the flute 2. 练书法do calligraphy 3. 在某人空闲的时候in one’s free time 4. 害怕；恐惧scared of 5. 克服（困难）；解决（问题）get over 6. 正在做；由某人决定up to 7. 放弃give up 8. 写一首诗write a poem 9. 作为回报in return 10. 设法做成某事manage to do sth 11. 开始做某事；进入get into 12. 试一试某事give it a go 13. 偶尔地；间或once in a while 14. 看起来很像look alike 15. 和朋友闲聊chat with friends 16. 出外游玩go on an outing 17. 平静下来calm down 18. 保持健康keep/stay fit 19. 减少压力reduce stress 20. 创作艺术make art 21. 同时at the same time 22. 成就感a sense of achievement 23. 梦想；希望dream of 24. 学着做，开始做take up 25. 到目前为止 so far 四．重点句子 1. 付兴过去害怕水，但是她开始游泳来克服她的恐惧。Fu Xing used to be scared of water, but she started swimming to get over her fear. 2. 当我开始练书法时，我花了几个小时练习单笔画。When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single strokes. 3. 这很难，但是他总是鼓励我不要放弃。It’s difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up. 4. 我看到我妈妈画画。我决定试一试。I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go. 5. ——我的父母告诉我不要对自己太苛刻。—My parents told me not to push myself too hard. ——是的，重要的是不要忘记偶尔放松一下。—Yes, it’s important not to forget to relax once in a while. 6.例如，人们有时画画来记住美丽的风景或物体，或减轻压力。For example, people sometimes paint pictures to remember a beautiful landscape or object, or reduce stress. 7. 我认为看到国外美丽的建筑和风景很有趣。I think it’s interesting to see the beautiful buildings and landscapes in foreign countries. 8. 她梦想着将来去这些地方旅行！She dreams of travelling to these places in the future! 9. 我应该克服对失败的恐惧，试着玩得开心。I should get over my fear of failure and just try to have fun. 10. 绘画也是一个发现你的创造性的好方法。Painting is a great way to discover your creative side too. 11. 我喜欢骑马，因为我喜欢置身于大自然中。I love horse riding because I enjoy being in nature. 12. 只工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子也变傻。All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 一．单项选择 1.—I’m too 　　　 to try paragliding (滑翔伞运动). —Just go for it. You never know what you can do until you try. A.scared　　 B.bored　　 C.related　　 D.excited 2.During the journey, the little girl was cold and hungry, but she didn’t 　　　 halfway.  A.eat up　　 B.cheer up　     C.give up　　 D.tie up 3.Daniel 　　　 a book he likes and has kept it for over two weeks, so he has to 　　　 it to the library now.    A.lent; take 　　 B.borrowed; give C.borrowed; return 　　 D.lent; bring 4.More and more people choose green travel to 　　　 air pollution.   A.drop　　 B.increase　　 C.cause　     D.reduce 5.The internet 　　　 people to quickly find information about almost any subject they can imagine.   A.expects　     B.allows　　 C.warns　　 D.chooses 二．根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 1.我妹妹害怕狗,所以她不会把狗当作她的宠物。 My sister is ___________ _______ dogs, so she won’t take a dog as her pet. 2.有了老师和家长的帮助,我们将更容易地克服任何难题。 With the help of teachers and parents, it will be easier for us to________ _________any problems. 3.我可以教你演奏一首歌作为回报。 I can teach you to play a song _______ ___________. 4.如果你放弃练习,你将永远不会进步。 If you _________ _______ practicing, you’ll never make progress. 5.他在忙什么呢? What is he _______ _______? 6.爱好,如打网球或做瑜伽,可以帮助我们保持健康。 Hobbies, _________ _______ playing tennis or __________ _________, can help us to keep fit. 7.当我还是个孩子的时候,我梦想环游世界。 When I was a child, I ___________________ _______ traveling around the world. 8.露西觉得制作手机应用程序很有趣。 Lucy __________ _______ ________ _______ make mobile phone apps. 9.有些人认为明信片相当过时,但我认为它们是了解过去的好方法。 Some people think postcards are _________ ________________, but I think they're a good way to __________ __________ the past. 三．选词填空 so, famous, treasure, one, usual, late, they, write, nation, valuable In ancient China, the study room of intellectuals (文人) was called wen fang in Chinese. Because the writing brush, ink, paper and ink stone (砚台) are used in the study room. They are called the “Four ___1___ of the Study” or wen fang si bao in Chinese. The writing brush is a special ___2___ and painting tool in ancient China. Brushes are ___3___ made of animal hair. Rabbit hair was the ___4___ to be used. According to record, the ancient Chinese also used human hair to make ___5___. Ink is a black material used in calligraphy (书法) and painting. It was born ___6___ than the writing brush. After the Han and Wei Dynasties, ink-making technology became more and more developed, and Huizhou became the ___7___ ink-making center in the Ming Dynasty. The “Hui Ink” produced there is famous all over the world. Papermaking was invented in the Western Han Dynasty and improved by Cai Lun during the Eastern Han Dynasty. After the Song Dynasty, more and more types of paper appeared. The ___8___ one is Xuan paper. Xuan paper is thin but tough, and doesn’t change color easily. ___9___, it’s known as the “thousand-year-old paper”. The ink stone is generally made of stones. In the Qing Dynasty, people carved (雕刻) some patterns on it. Since then, the ink stone has not only been practical, but also had the ___10___ of collection and appreciation. 四．语法填空 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式填空。 We know everyone has his hobby and I enjoy travelling best. Here I’m glad to tell you one of my unforgettable 1 (trip) two weeks ago. Early in the morning, we started after saying goodbye 2 our parents. It took us one hour to arrive at the mountain by bus. We got off the bus, laughing and shouting. We 3 (jump) and ran to the top. It was the 4 (one) time that we stayed away from our parents. When we saw a river, we ran as fast as possible and jumped into it! We swam happily until we 5 (begin) to prepare for lunch. After lunch, we had a party. Li Ming recited two Tang poems with strong feelings. Xiao Fang told us 6 interesting story. Li Mei sang two English songs. Zhang Wei played the guitar 7 sang songs, and all of us believed that he could give a concert. It was so exciting that we 8 (complete) forgot the time. When we 9 (realize) this, it was already eight at night. “Snake!” Wang Li shouted suddenly. We were shocked and afraid. But later we found there was no snake at all. She said it just for 10 (kid). 五、任务型阅读 Sage of Calligraphy Wang Xizhi used to have a job as an officer of the Jin Dynasty. However, he is best known for his unbelievable skills in calligraphy (书法). He was so talented that he became the most famous calligrapher of his time. For his brilliant achievements, he is still remembered and respected as the “Sage (圣人) of Calligraphy”. Wang’s uncles and cousins were all famous calligraphers of their time. At seven, Wang began learning calligraphy from a female calligrapher, Wei Shuo. Wang was such a hard-working student that he tried his best to improve calligraphy. He kept copying the Wei-style calligraphy for years and learned much from her works. In addition, when coming up with some good ideas, he would write them down at any time. In 353, Wang invited famous people to gather at the Orchid Pavilion. The guests were asked to write poems while drinking. After collecting all the poems, Wang wrote xingshu-style Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection (《兰亭集序》) on his own, describing how happy these men were. Wang’s Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection is more popular than his other art works. His talents in calligraphy were fully shown in this work. Wang Xizhi set a great example for calligraphers who came after him. His style became the model that many calligraphers followed for centuries. His work, Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection, is more than a piece of art. It is a timeless treasure that continues to inspire all who love Chinese culture. Even now, his work is widely studied by students and artists because it symbolizes the Chinese culture. The Introduction to Wang Xizhi Background Information ▲ Living in a calligraphers’ family; ▲ ____1____ as an officer; ▲Studying calligraphy under Wei Shuo. Learning Experiences ▲Practicing and copying for years; ▲Writing down his good ideas ____2____ he comes up with some. Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection Introduction ▲Being created at the Orchid Pavilion; ▲Being ____3____ among all his art works; ▲Showing Wang’s calligraphy ____4____. Influence ▲Setting a good example for calligraphers; ▲Being studied and copied; ▲Serving as a ____5____ of Chinese culture. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $