内容正文:
Unit 1
Helping those in need
八年级英语下册·新教材沪教版
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D
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单元学习目标
2
单元知识图谱
3
核心词汇
4
重点句型
5
单元语法
7
综合训练
6
主题写作
目 录
学习目标
语音知识
理解并正确朗读含不发音字母“w”的单词,如:write, wrong。
掌握常见元音与辅音组合的发音规律。
通过朗读诗歌,感受英语语音的节奏与韵律。
一
语言能力
能够说出不同类型的志愿工作(如帮助老人、儿童、残障人士等),并用英语谈论自己的志愿活动计划。
能够解释为什么帮助他人对社会和个人都很重要。
二
阅读策略
识别文章结构,如通知、博客帖子的格式。
三
语法知识
掌握动词不定式的用法:作目的状语,作宾语,作宾语补足语,不带 to 的不定式
四
3
单元知识图谱
Fun Clubs
短语
志愿相关
情感与状态
活动与行为
suffer, cheer, raise, spirits
voluntary, disabled, elderly, lonely
单词
organize, offer, encourage, donate, tidy
句型
2. We organize activities to …
1. I plan to help...
help those in need, look after homeless animals, raise money for..., in order to..., give someone permission
语法
动词不定式
写作
写作类型:电子邮件 内容:志愿活动
3. Could you please give us permission to...?
4
核心词汇
词汇精讲
1. volunteer
动词:自愿做
volunteer to do sth.
她自愿教孩子们英语。
She volunteered to teach children English.
名词:志愿者
他是医院的一个志愿者。
He is a volunteer at the hospital.
搭配:
volunteer for sth.(自愿承担…)
volunteer/ voluntary work(志愿工作)
核心词汇
词汇精讲
2. offer
动词:主动提出
offer to do sth.
他主动提出帮助这个老人。
He offered to help the old lady.
名词:提议;提供
她接受了加入这个团队的提议。
She received an offer to join the team.
核心词汇
词汇精讲
3. suffer
动词, 遭受
suffer from + 疾病/问题
他承受严重的疾病。
He suffers from a serious illness.
名词:suffering(痛苦)
孩子们的痛苦让我们难过。
The children’s suffering made us sad.
搭配:
suffer from pain(承受痛苦)
suffer from losses(遭受损失)
核心词汇
词汇精讲
4. raise
读例句并尝试总结动词词义:
They raise money for people in need.
He tells a joke to raise her spirits.
Peter works hard to raise his child.
Teacher raised a difficult question.
易混词:rise(不及物动词,表示“上升”)
The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。)
(筹集)
(振奋)
(抚养)
(提出)
核心词汇
词汇精讲
5. pain
可数/不可数名词:疼痛
feel pain(感到疼痛)——不可数
have a pain in one’s leg(腿疼)——可数
动词:pain(使痛苦)
看到你难过让我很痛苦。
It pains me to see you sad.
形容词:painful(疼痛的)
一次痛苦的经历
a painful experience
生产pain相关的短语
核心词汇
词汇精讲
6. belong
动词:belong to sb.(属于某人)
这本书属于我。
This book belongs to me.
名词:belongings(所有物;行李)
请看好你的行李。
Please take care of your belongings.
核心词汇
词汇精讲
7. arrange
动词:安排
arrange flowers(插花)
arrange a meeting(安排会议)
名词:arrangement(安排)
make arrangements for…
8. donate
动词:donate sth. to sb.(捐赠给…)
她把书捐给了学校。
She donated books to the school.
名词:donation(捐赠) make a donation
核心词汇
词汇精讲
9. ease
动词:ease pain/suffering(减轻痛苦)
药物减轻了他的痛苦。
The medicine eased his pain.
名词:ease(轻松;自在)
feel at ease(感到自在)
形容词:easy(容易的)
词汇过关
单词默写
1. ___________
2. ___________
3. ___________
4. ___________
5. ___________
6. ___________
7. ___________
8. ___________
9. ____________
9. ________ v. 自愿
10. _______ n. 高兴;愉快;喜悦
11. _______ v. 丧失;失去
12. _______ v. 筹集
13. _______ n. 英镑
14. _______ n. 结构
15. _______ n. 准许;许可
16. _______ v. 安排;布置
17. _______ v. 捐赠;赠送
18. _______ adj. 巨大的;非凡的
adj. 上了年纪的
v. 主动提出
adj. 严重的
n. 病;疾病
n. 癌;癌症
[pl.] 情绪;心境
n. 痛苦;苦恼
v. 适应;合得来
adj. 空闲的
elderly
offer
serious
disease
cancer
spirits
pain
pound
volunteer
joy
lose
raise
belong
structure
donate
permission
arrange
spare
mighty
19. ________
adj. 令人愉快的;宜人的
20. _______ v. 减轻;缓解
21. _______ v. 疼痛;隐痛
pleasant
ease
ache
核心词汇
1. 残障人士
2. 照顾、照料
3. 使高兴起来
4. 使振奋
5. 情绪低落
6. 目的是
7. 在危难中
8. 收拾、整理
able 能够,be able to do 能够做某事。dis 否定前缀
同义短语:take care of 其他look相关短语:look up 查找,look for 寻找,look around 四处看
cheerful 高兴的 cheers 干杯,欢呼
raise 升起,提高 spirit 精神
in high spirit 精神高涨
动词不定式to do sth 的完整表达
people in need 需要帮助的人
反义短语:
mess up 弄乱,搞砸
disabled pepople
look after
cheer sb up
raise one’s spirits
in low spirits
in order to
in need
tidy up
根据汉语写出对应的英语短语
核心词汇
语法填空
1. Many students _________ (voluntary) to help elderly people in their spare time.
2. She ______ (offer) to organize a book sale to raise money for the children’s hospital.
3. The old man ______ (suffering) from a serious disease and needs medical care.
4. We plan ________ (raise) money by selling handmade cards.
5. The children were in low ______ (spirit) after hearing the sad news.
6. He felt a sharp ______ (painful) in his leg after the accident.
7. This notebook belongs ______ my sister. Please return it to her.
8. We should offer help to those ______ need.
针对训练
volunteer
offered
to raise
offered
spirits
pain
to
in
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重点句型
1. We organized a painting competition to raise their spirits.(教材p5)
句型结构:
主语 + 动词 + ... + to do sth.(表目的)
仿写示例:
We held a concert to raise money for homeless animals.
我们举办了一场音乐会给无家可归的动物筹钱。
She studies hard to become a doctor in the future.
她努力学习为了未来成为一名医生。
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重点句型
2. My mother and I will continue to visit Liu Yun in our spare time.(教材p5)
句型结构:
主语 + will continue to do sth.
仿写示例:
他会继续在动物救助站做志愿者。
He will continue to volunteer at the animal shelter.
我们会继续支持需要帮助的孩子。
We will continue to support children in need.
重点句型
3. He was in low spirits because he could not play it any more.(教材p5)
句型结构:
主语 + feel / be + 形容词 + (because...)
仿写示例:
她很开心因为她做出了改变。
She felt happy because she made a difference.
他们对即将到来的志愿之行感到很激动。
They were excited about the upcoming volunteer trip.
重点句型
完成句子
1. Many students ____________ (自愿帮助) elderly people in the community every weekend.
2. We organized a charity sale ____________ (为了筹集资金) for children in need.
3. They ______________________ (将继续照顾) homeless animals in the future.
4. She __________________ (感到很开心) because she made a difference in someone’s life.
offer to help
to raise money
针对训练
will continue to look after
felt very cheerful
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单元语法
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单元语法
详细解析
1. 基本构成
肯定式:to + 动词原形
to help(帮助)、to learn(学习)、to organize(组织)
I want to join the voluntary group. 我想加入志愿小组
否定式:not to + 动词原形
not to go(不去)、not to tell(不告诉)
She decided not to give up. 她决定不放弃。
定义:动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,由"to + 动词原形"构成(有时可省略to),表示将要发生的动作或动作的目的。
动词不定式
单元语法
2. 核心用法
1) 作主语:不定式放在句首,充当句子的主语。
常见句型:
To + 动词 + is/was + 形容词
To help others brings me joy.
It is + 形容词 + to do sth.(常用形式)
It is meaningful to volunteer. 用it作形式主语更自然。
动词不定式
单元语法
2) 作宾语:跟在及物动词后面,说明动作的内容。
分类:
动词 + to do(直接宾语)
动词 + 疑问词 + to do(带疑问词的宾语)
例句分析:
I plan to organize a charity sale. 我计划组织一场慈善义卖。
She knows how to help disabled people. 她知道如何帮助残疾人。
常用接不定式作宾语的动词:
意愿类:want, wish, hope, would like
计划类:plan, decide, agree, choose
开始类:begin, start, continue
其他:learn, promise, refuse, offer
动词不定式
单元语法
3) 作宾语补足语:跟在宾语后面,补充说明宾语的动作或状态。
两种类型:
动词 + 宾语 + to do(带to)
He encouraged me to join the team. 他鼓励我加入队伍。
动词 + 宾语 + do(不带to):
Let me help you with the work. 让我帮你工作。
注意:使役动词(let, make, have)和感官动词(see, hear, watch, feel)后接不带to的不定式
help后可接to do或do:help sb. (to) do sth.
动词不定式
单元语法
情态动词can
4) 作状语:表示动作的目的,回答"为什么"的问题。
常见形式:
to do We study hard to get good grades. 我们努力学习以获得好成绩。
in order to do In order to catch the bus, she ran fast. 为了赶上公交车,她跑得很快。
so as to do He spoke quietly so as not to wake the baby. 他轻声说话以免吵醒婴儿。
5) 作定语:修饰名词或代词,放在被修饰词之后。
常见结构:
名词 + to do(不定式作后置定语) She is the right person to ask. 她是该问的正确人选
something/anything/nothing + to do Is there anything to eat? 有什么吃的吗?
单元语法
一、单项选择
1. I want ______ a volunteer in the community.
A. be B. to be C. being D. been
2. My teacher asked me ______ a speech about kindness.
A. give B. giving C. to give D. gave
3. They went to the hospital ______ the sick children.
A. cheer up B. cheering up C. to cheer up D. cheered up
4. The waiter let us ______ for half an hour.
A. wait B. to wait C. waiting D. waited
针对训练
单元语法
二、语法填空
1. Many teenagers decide __________ (volunteer) at the community center on weekends.
2. The teacher encourages us _______ (help) those in need whenever possible.
3. They went to the old people’s home ______ (chat) with the elderly.
4. She asked her friend _______ (join) the charity run next month.
5. We plan ___________ (organize) a book drive for the school library.
6. It is important ______ (show) kindness to others in our daily life.
7. He offered to help me ____________(learn) English.
针对训练
to volunteer
to help
to chat
to join
to organize
to show
learn / to learn
主题写作
本单元的话题是“申请组织一项校园志愿活动”,要求学生能对想要组织的活动进行描写并礼貌地提出申请。
本单元写作要求同学们能根据相关信息提示写出所举办的志愿活动的时间地点原因等,旨在让学生练习撰写正式的英语申请信,同时锻炼他们在特定情境下的英语表达能力和创造性思维。
学生将选择一个志愿活动进行申请,通过写作展示他们举办活动的理由。
申请组织一项校园志愿活动
主题写作
内容要点
活动目的:为什么组织这个活动(帮助谁?解决什么问题?)
活动内容:具体做什么(教学、陪伴、清洁、筹款等)
时间地点:何时何地进行
参与人员:哪些人参加
所需支持:需要学校提供什么帮助
语言要点
礼貌用语:使用正式、礼貌的语言
清晰表达:按逻辑顺序组织信息
格式要点
电子邮件格式(To/Subject/Dear.../Yours sincerely)
段落清晰(每段一个主题)
写作要点
主题写作
开头 礼貌问候
表明意图:直接说明自己写信的目的。
中间 活动名称、目的、时间、地点
参与人员、具体安排
需要学校提供的支持
结尾 请求批准
感谢期待
写作思路
1. 使用本单元词汇:volunteer, offer, organize, raise money, help those in need
2. 使用重点句式:plan to do, want to do, in order to
3. 注意礼貌表达
主题写作
书面表达
假设你是阳光中学八年级的学生李华。你和5名同学计划在本周六下午去市儿童福利院做志愿者,教孩子们做手工并陪他们玩游戏。请你给班主任王老师写一封电子邮件,申请批准这次活动,并希望学校能为你们提供一些手工材料。
要求:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。
提示词:Children's Welfare Home 儿童福利院
针对训练
主题写作
Dear Mr./Ms. Wang,
I am writing to ask for your permission to organize a volunteer activity with my classmates.
We plan to visit the city Children's Welfare Home this Saturday afternoon. Our main purpose is to help the children there feel happier and less lonely. We will teach them how to make simple paper crafts and play educational games with them. Five students from our class have offered to take part in this activity.
To make the crafts, we need some basic materials like colored paper, scissors, and glue. Could you please help us get these materials from the school art room?
We believe this activity will not only help the children but also teach us the importance of kindness. We look forward to your approval. Thank you for your support!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考范文
综合训练
Last month, our class organized some meaningful (1) ___________ (volunteer) activities. We wanted to help those who were (2) ______ need in our community.
First, we visited an old people’s home. Some elderlypeople there felt very lonely because their families lived far away. We talked to them to raise (3) _____(they) spirits and taught them how (4) ______ (use) smartphones. They were very grateful (5) ______ our visit.
Next, we decided to raise money for (6) ________ (disable) children. We sold handmade cards and cookies. In the end, we (7) _______(raise) over 500 yuan. We were very happy (8) ______ the result.
This experience taught me the (9) ____________ (important) of kindness. I will continue (10) ______ (help) others in the future.
voluntary
in
disabled
to use
for
raised
with
importance
to help
their
THANKS
谢谢观看
七年级英语上册·人教版2024
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D
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