Unit 1 School Life A部分-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册期末词汇复习（沪外版）

期末词汇复习 必修第一册·沪外版·Unit1 SchoolLifeA部分 一、 重点单词详解 1:assignment 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.(分派的)任务；作业：分配 二、 必记搭配与例句 do an assignment(做作业/任务)：Students are required to finish their English assignment before Friday. finish an assignment(完成任务)：She finished the assignment ahead of schedule. give out assignments(布置任务)：The teacher gives out assignments every Monday.. 三、 重点辨析 assignment vs.task vs.homework:assignment侧重”被指派的具体任务，尤指学校作业 或工作任务；task泛指”任务”，强调艰巨性或目的性；homework仅指”家庭作业，范 围较窄。 2:related 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.相关的；有联系的；亲属的 二、 必记搭配与例句 be related to(与…相关)：The new policy is closely related to environmental protection related fields(相关领域)：He works in related fields of computer science. closely1 related(密切相关的)：Diet and health are closely related, 三、 重点用法 动词：relate /I'lert/(v.联系；叙述) 名词：1 elation /i'lern/(n.关系；亲属)；relationship /'lerfnfip/(n.关系；关联) 反义词：unrelated/,r'lertrd/(adj.无关的) 3:creative 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：adj.创造性的；有创造力的；创作的 二、必记搭配与例句 creative thinking(创造性思维)：She is known for her creative approach to solving problems. creative work（创作作品)：Children often show great creativity in drawing and storytelling be creative in(在…方面有创造力)：We need to be creative in finding solutions 三、重点用法 动词：create /kri'et/(v.创造；创作) 名词：creativity/,ki:er'trvati//(n.创造力)；creation/kui'er/(n.创造；作品) 副词：creatively /kri'ertrvli/(adv.创造性地) 4:stare 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.盯着看；凝视n.凝视；注视 二、 必记搭配与例句 stare at(盯着…看)：It's impolite to stare at strangers in public places. stare into space（茫然地盯着空中)：He stared at the painting for hours,.trying to understand its meaning give sb.a stare(瞪某人一眼)：The little girl stared at the strange man in the supermarket.. 三、 重点辨析 stare vs.glance vs.gaze:stare强调”长时间、目不转睛地看”，常含无礼或惊讶意味； glance指”快速瞥一眼”，强调动作短暂；gaze侧重”深情或专注地凝视”，如凝视风景 或爱人。 5:fiction 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.小说；虚构；编造 二、必记搭配与例句 science fiction(科幻小说)：Science fiction often explores future technologies and space travel. read fiction(读小说)：My favorite genre of books is science fiction. pure fiction(纯属虚构)：Most characters in this book are fictional;:only a few are based on real people. 三、重点辨析 fiction vs..novel:fiction泛指”虚构类文学作品”，包括小说、故事等；novel特指长篇 小说”，篇幅较长、情节复杂。 6:distant 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.遥远的；久远的；疏远的 二、必记搭配与例句 distant place（遥远的地方)：My grandparents live in a distant village in the mountains. distant past（遥远的过去)：The stars look brighter in distant areas with no light pollution. distant relative ()She felt distanced from her friends after moving to a new city. 三、重点用法 名词：distance/'distans/(n.距离：疏远) 动词：distance/drstens,/(v.疏远；拉开距离) 副词：distantly/drstantli/(adv.遥远地；冷淡地) 反义词：close /kleus/(adj.近的；亲密的) 7:ignore 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v忽视；对…不予理会 二、必记搭配与例句 ignore sb./sth.(忽t视某人/某事)：You shouldn't ignore the teacher's advice if you want to improve your grades ignore warnings/advice(无视警告/建议)：It's unwise to ignore the risks of climbing without proper equipment ignore the fact that..(忽视…的事实)：His ignorance of the safety rules led to the accident,. 三、 重点辨析 ignore vs..neglect vs.overlook:ignore主观上”故意不理睬”；neglect因粗心或不重视而” 忽视、疏忽”（如neglect one's duty玩忽职守)overlook因匆忙或不注意而”忽略”（如 overlook a mistake忽略错误)。 8:harsh 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.残酷的；严厉的；刺耳的；粗糙的 二、必记搭配与例句 harsh punishment(严厉的惩罚)：The boss criticized her harshly for being late again. harsh weather(恶劣天气)：The harsh winter wind made it difficult to walk outside, be harsh on sb.(对某人严厉)：The harsh reality of war was described in the documentary. 重点辨析 harsh vs..strict vs.severe:harsh强调”冷酷无情”，语气较强；strict侧重”严格遵守规则” (如strict teacher严格的老师)：severe指'严重的、剧烈的”（如severe pain剧痛；severe criticism严厉批评)。 9:rather 核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：adv.相当：在某种程度上；宁愿；反而 必记搭配与例句 rather difficult(相当难)：I would rather stay at home than go out on such a rainy day: would rather do sth.(宁愿做某事)：Rather than waste time,she decided to start working immediately. rather than(而不是)：I rather read newspapers now,I prefer online news. 三、重点用法 常见短语：or rather（更确切地说)；1 ather than（而不是) would rather后接从句时，从句用虚拟语气（与现在/将来事实相反用过去时） 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.Students are required to finish their English before Friday. A)assignment B)task C)homework D)duty 2.The new policy is closely-to environmental protection. A)related B)relating C)relation D)relationship 3.She is known for her_approach to solving problems. A)create B)creative C)creativity D)creation 4.It's impolite to_at strangers in public places. A)glance B)gaze C)stare D)watch 5.Science__often explores future technologies and space travel. A)fiction B)novel C)non-fiction D)story 6.My grandparents live in a_village in the mountains. A)distance B)distant C)distantly D)close 7.You shouldn't the teacher's advice if you want to improve your grades. A)neglect B)overlook C)ignore D)miss 8.Thewinter wind made it difficult to walk outside. A)strict B)severe C)harsh D)cruel 9.I wouldstay at home than go out on such a rainy day. A)rather B)prefer C)like D)better 10.The two sisters have a relationship and rarely talk to each other. A)related B)distant C)creative D)harsh (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The teacher asked us to(assignment)a partner for the group project. 2.There is a close(relate)between diet and health 3.Her(create)has inspired many young artists 4.He(stare)at the painting for hours,trying to understand its meaning 5.Most characters in this book are(fiction);only a few are based on real people. 6.She felt(distance)from her friends after moving to a new city 7.His(ignore)of the safety rules led to the accident. 8.The boss criticized her (harsh)for being late again 9.(rather)than waste time,she decided to start working immediately 10.The company aims to_(creative)a more inclusive work environment. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Don't forget to submit your math a by the end of the day. 2.This new discovery is r to the field of medicine. 3.Children often show great c in drawing and storytelling. 4.The little girl sat the strange man in the supermarket. 5.My favorite genre of books is science f. 6.The stars look brighter in d areas with no light pollution 7.It's unwise to i the risks of climbing without proper equipment. 8.The h reality of war was described in the documentary. 9.Ir read newspapers now;I prefer online news. 10.The two problems are closely r,so we need to solve them together. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AA B CA BC C A B 解析1（第1题）： 考查assignment的用法。assignment侧重”被指派的具体任务”，尤指学校作业或工作任 务，符合句意学生需要在周五前完成英语作业；task泛指”任务”，homework仅指 家庭作业”，dty指”职责”，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析2（第2题）： 考查related的固定用法。be related to表示？与…相关”，符合句意”新政策与环境保 护密切相关；relating是现在分词，relation和relationship是名词，均不符合语法要求， 故选A。 解析3（第4题）： 考查stare的用法。stare强调”长时间、目不转睛地看”，常含无礼或惊讶意味，符合句 意”在公共场所盯着陌生人看是不礼貌的”；glance指”快速瞥一眼”，gaze侧重”深情或 专注地凝视”，watch强调”观看”，均不符合语境，故选C。 2.补全句子答案： 1.assign 2.relation 3.creativity 4.stared 5.fictional 6.distanced 7.ignorance 8.harshly 9. Rather 10.create 3.首字母填空答案： 1.assignment 2.related 3.creativity 4.stared 5.fiction 6.distant 7.ignore 8.harsh 9.rather 10.related 英语词汇复习手册·必修第一册·Unit1 School Life A部分