Unit 1 School Life B部分-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册期末词汇复习（沪外版）

期末词汇复习 必修第一册·沪外版·Unit1 SchoolLifeB部分 一、 重点单词详解 1:pressure 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)/动词(v.) 核心义：n.心理压力；紧张：v.逼迫：使迫不得已 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：press(v按；压；逼迫) 名词：pressure(由press+-re名词后缀构成，表”动作或结果) 形容词：pressured(adj.感到有压力的，如pressured environment) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词(pressure) under pressure(承受压力，如nder pressure to finish homework) put pressure on sb.(给某人施加压力) mental/academic pressure(心理/学业压力) 动词(pressure) pressure sb.to do sth.(逼迫某人做某事，如pressure him to study) 四、拓展用法 不可数名词：表示”压力”时通常不可数，如to0 much pressure 动词辨析：pressure(侧重外部施压)vs.force(强调强迫性，语气更强) 2:expectation 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.希望；期望 二、构词法（极词性转换） 动词：expect(v.期待；预料) 形容词：expected（adj.预期的，如expected result);nexpected(ad.意外的) 名词：expectation(由expect+-ation名词后缀构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 meet/live up to expectations(达到预期，如meet parents'expectations) have high/low expectations of sb.(对某人期望高/低) beyond expectations（超出预期，如success beyond expectations) 四、拓展用法 可数/不可数：表示”具体期望”时可数（如different expectations),泛指时不可数（如a sense of expectation 3:reflect 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.认真思考；显示；反射 、构词法（词性转换） 名词：reflection(n.反思；倒影，如self-reflection) 形容词：reflective(adj.沉思的；反光的，如reflective surface) 三、用法与常见搭配 reflect on/upon(反思，如reflect on mistakes) reflect sth.in sth.(在某物中反射出某物，如moonlight reflected in water) reflect credit/glory on sb.(为某人争光，如reflect glory on the team) 四、辨析 reflect(强调内心思考)vs.consider(侧重分析，如consider options) 4:genuine 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.真诚的；真心的；可信的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 副词：genuinely(adv.真诚地，如genuinely sorry) 名词：genuineness（极n.真诚，如the genuineness of his love) 三、用法与常见搭配 genuine concern/friendship（真诚的关心/友谊) genuine leather（真皮) genuine smile(发自内心的微笑) 四、辨析 genuine(强调真实性，非伪造)vs.sincere(侧重情感真挚，如sincere apology) 5:limitation 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.限制；不足之处 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：limit(v.限制，如limit time) 形容词：limited(adj.有限的，如limited resources);nlimited(adj.无限的) 名词：limitation(由limit+-ation名词后缀构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 recognize one's limitations(认识到自己的不足) technical limitations(技术限制) set limitations on(对…设限，如set limitations on speed) 四、辨析 limitation（侧重”自身不足，可数)vs.imit(侧重？界限/限制量，可作名词或动词) 6:behaviour 、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.行为：举止 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：behave(v.表现，如behave well) 形容词：wel-behaved(adj.表现好的)；bady-behaved(adj.表现差的) 三、用法与常见搭配 good/bad behaviour(良好/不良行为) social behaviour(社会行为) be on one's best behaviour(尽量表现好，如on a date) 四、注意 美式拼写：behavior 7:shortage 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n不足；缺少 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：shot(adj.短的；短缺的) 动词短语：m short of(短缺，如n short of water) 名词：shortage(由shot+-age名词后缀构成，表”状态) 三、 用法与常见搭配 shortage of sth.(…的短缺，如shortage of teachers) energy/food shortage(能源/粮食短缺) 四、辨析 shortage(侧重数量不足，如labor shortage)vs.lack(可作名词/动词，如lack of money: lack money) 8:forward 核心考点 词性：副词(adv.)/形容词(adj.)/动词(v.) 核心义：adv.向前；adj.向前的：v.促进 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：forward(n.前锋，足球术语) 动词短语：look forward to(期待，to为介词，后接doing,如look fo1 ward to meeting you) 三、用法与常见搭配 副词：move forward(向前移动)；come fo1ward(主动站出来，如come forward with evidence) 形容词：forward planning（前瞻性规划)；forward thinking（思想前卫的) 动词：forward a plan(推进计划) 四、拓展 固定搭配：put forward(提出，如put forward a suggestion） 9:comment 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)/动词(v) 核心义：n.议论；评论；v评论 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：commentary(n.评论；解说词，如sports commentary) 三、用法与常见搭配 h.make a comment on(对…评论，如make comments on the book) V.comment on/upon(评论，如comment on the policy) no comment(无可奉告，固定表达) 四、辨析 comment(侧重简短评论)vs.remark(更随意的言论，如casual remarks) 10:nasty 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.不友好的；令人不愉快的 二、构词法（词性转换） 副词：nastily(adv.不友善地，如speak nastily) 名词：nastiness(n.恶劣，如the nastiness of the weather) 三、用法与常见搭配 nasty comment/look(不友好的评论/眼神) nasty accident//disease(严重的事故/疾病) nasty temper(坏脾气) 四、拓展 口语用法：It's nasty!（真糟糕！) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.Students often feel greatto get good grades in exams. A)pressure B)expectation C)shortage D)behaviour 2.The results of the experiment were_our expectations. A)through B)beyond C)across D)against 3.It's important to_on your mistakes to avoid repeating them A)comment B)reflect C)forward D)behave 4.Her_concern for others made her popular among classmates. A)genuine B)pressured C)limited D)reflective 5.Technicalprevented the project from being completed on time. A)shortages B)limitations C)expectations D)comments 6.The teacher praised the students for their good in class. A)behaviour B)shortage C)reflection D)forward 7.There is a serious_of doctors in rural areas A)pressure B)expectation C)shortage D)limitation 8.We lookto hearing from you soon. A)forward B)reflect C)comment D)behave 9.The manager refused to_on the company's future plans. A)reflect B)forward C)comment D)expect 10.The_weather caused many flights to be cancelled. A)genuine B)nasty C)pressured D)limited (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.She felt(pressure)to accept the job offer. 2.The team's success was_(expect)by everyone. 3.After the meeting,we need to have a(reflect)on our progress. 4.His_(genuine)made him easy to trust 5.Parents have high(expect)for their children's education. 6.The(behave)of the audience was unacceptable during the concert. 7.The city is facing an energy (short). 8.We need_(forward)planning to solve this problem. 9.The film received positive(comment)from critics 10.The_(limit)of the technology are becoming clear. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Many teenagers struggle with mental pfrom school and family. 2.The new policy failed to meet public e 3.Take time to ron your actions before making a decision. 4.A gsmile can make others feel welcome. 5.It's wise to recognize your own L and ask for help 6.Good b in public is important for everyone. 7.The country is dealing with a severe food s 8.Let's move fand focus on the next task. 9.The teacher asked students to write c_on the story. 10.The hiker got lost in the n storm. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：ABBABACACB 2.补全句子答案：pressured expected reflection genuineness expectations behaviour shortage forward comments limitations 3.首字母填空答案：pressure expectations reflect genuine limitations behaviour shortage forward comments nasty 英语词汇复习手册·必修第一册·Unit1 School Life B部分