内容正文:
专题02 Units 4~6 重点词汇句型语法&写作通用表达
Unit 4
重点单词
词性
单词
词义
备注
名词
shyness
害羞;腼腆
adj. shy
crowd
人群;观众
speech
讲话;发言
public
民众
adj.公开的 ;公众的
insect
昆虫
examination
考试;审查
exam
pride
自豪;骄傲
introduction
介绍
v. introduce
形容词
humorous
有幽默感的;滑稽有趣的
silent
不说话的;沉默的
helpful
有用的;有帮助的
private
私人的;私密的
European
欧洲的;欧洲人的
n. 欧洲人
African
非洲的;非洲人的
n.非洲人
British
英国的;英国人的
absent
缺席;不在
proud
自豪的;骄傲的
general
普遍的;常规的;总的
n. 将军
动词
interview
采访;面试
n. 面试;访谈
deal
对付;对待
dare
敢于;胆敢
require
需要;要求
influence
影响
n. 影响
fail
不及格;失败;未能(做到)
副词
seldom
不常;很少
exactly
确切地;精确地
重点词汇词性转换
1.humorous.adj.有幽默感的;滑稽有趣的→humor.n.幽默;滑稽
2.silent.adj.不说话的;沉默的→silence.n.沉默:安静:默→silently.adv:沉默地
3.helpful.adj.有用的;有帮助的→help.n.&v.帮助→unhelpful.adj.无益的;不予帮助的→helpless.adj.无助的→helper.n.助手;帮手
4.interview.采访;面试n.面试;访谈→interviewer.n.采访者:面试者→interviewee.n.接受采访者:参加面试者
5.Asian.adj.亚洲(人)的n.亚洲人→Asia.n.亚洲
6.deal.v对付;对待→dealt.过去式→dealt.过去分词→deal.n.协议;交易→dealer.n.经销商:交易商
7.shyness.n.害羞;→shy.adj.害羞的;腼膜的
8.crowd.n.人群→crowded.adj.拥挤的→uncrowded.adj.不拥挤的
9.private.adj.私人的;私密的→privately.adj私下地;秘密地→privacy.n.隐私
10.require.v.需要;要求→requirement.n.要求
11.European.adj.欧洲(人)的 n.欧洲人→Europe.n.欧洲
12.African.adj非洲(人)的n.非洲人→Africa.n.非洲
13.British.adj.英国(人)的→Britain.n.英国:不列颠
14.speech.n.讲话;发言→speak.v说(某种语言);说话→speaker.n.演讲者;发言人;扬声器
15.absent.adj.缺席;不在→absence.n.缺席→present.adj.出席的;在场的
16.fail.v不及格;失败;未能(做到)→failure.n.失败
17.examination.n.考试:审查→examine.v检查
18.pride.n.自豪;骄傲→proud adj.自豪的;骄傲的
19.general.adj.总的:普遍的;常规的n.将军→generally.adv.一般地;普遍地
20.introduction.n.介绍→introduce.v介绍
重点短语
学科网(北京)股份有限公1 / 1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1. be afraid of 害怕
2.a couple of days几天
3. not anymore=no more不再
4.be interested in对..感兴趣
5.be on a swim team 在游泳队
6.get good grades=get good scores 取得好成绩
7.from time to time时常:有时
8. such a great idea如此好的一个主意
9.take up 开始做
10.deal with 应对;处理
11.the whole school整个学校
12.in front of crowds在众人面前
13.be able to能够
14.all the time一直;总是
15.tons of大量的;许多的
16.too much attention太多的关注
17. worry about=be worried about担心
18.hang out 闲逛:常去某处
19. give up 放弃
20.normal life 正常的生活
21.the road to success 通往成功之路
22.think about考虑
23.fight on 奋力坚持
24.work hard努力学习/努力工作
25. a very small number of people 极少数人
26.pop star 流行乐明星 pop music流行乐
27.country music乡村音乐
28.at least 至少
29.be alone 独处
30. give a speech 作演讲
31.in public 公开地
32.in the past 在过去
33.be nervous about 对..感到紧张/焦虑
34. from the countryside来自农村
35. do well in=be good at 擅长
36.cause problems制造问题;惹麻烦
37.look for jobs 找工作
38.take care of=look after照顾
39.feel lonely 感到孤独
40. influence his schoolwork影响他的学业
41.be absent from缺席
42. fail one's examinations 考试不及格
43. boarding school 寄宿学校
44.make friends 交朋友
45.in person 亲身;亲自
46. even though= even if 即使
47.think of 记起;想起
48. take pride in=be proud of为...感到自豪
49.be active in 在......方面积极
50.general introduction总体介绍
51.in the last/past few years 在过去的几年里
52.remain silent 保持沉默
学科网(北京)股份有限公1 / 1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
重点句型
1.我过去在学校里不受欢迎。
I didn’t use to be popular in school.
2.Puala过去很文静。
Paula used to be really quiet.
3.他过去戴眼镜吗?是的,他戴。/不,他不戴。
Did he use to wear glasses? Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.
4.这次聚会真是个不错的主意!
This party is such a great idea!
5.看到人们发生了怎么样的变化是很有趣的。
It’s interesting to see how people have changed.
6.我过去每天见他在图书馆里读书。
I used to see him reading in the library every day.
7.她过去真的很羞涩,开始唱歌是为了克服自己的羞涩。
she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness.
8.现在她再也不羞涩了。
Now she’s not shy anymore.
9.但是现在我无论走到哪里,都得到许多关注。
I get tons of attention everywhere I go.
10.我总是不得不担心在别人看来我是怎么样的形象。
I always have to worry about how I appear to others.
11.我再也没有很多的私人时间了。
I don’t have much private time anymore.
12.和朋友们闲逛对我来说几乎是不可能的。
Hanging out with friends is almost impossible for me
13.你得准备放弃正常的生活。
You have to be prepared to give up your normal life.
14.你永远无法想象成功之路有多难。
You can never imagine how difficult the road to success is.
15.很多次我都想到了放弃,但我坚持奋斗。
Many times I thought about giving up, but I fought on.
16.想要成功,你真的需要很高的天赋和努力。
You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed.
17.只有很少的人能出人头地。
Only a very small number of people make it to the top.
18.很难相信,他在学校曾有很多困难。
It is hard to believe that he used to have difficulties in school.
19.他很少惹麻烦,他的家人很多时间都在一起度过。
He seldom caused any problems, and his family spent a lot of time together.
20.李文的不快乐开始影响他的学业。
Li Wen’s unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork.
21.他对学习的兴趣降低了。
He became less interested in studying.
22.有时候他会逃课,考试不及格。
Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations.
23.她建议他们亲自与自己的儿子谈谈。
She advised them to talk with their son in person.
重点语法
used to 的用法
一、语法概述
used to意为“过去常常……”,表示过去的习惯、状态或过去反复发生的动作,暗含现在已不存在或不再发生之意。其中,to为不定式符号,后接动词原形,其主语可以是各种人称。
二、used to的句式
肯定句
used to +动词原形
He used to wear glasses.他过去戴眼镜。
否定句
didn’t use to +动词原形
He didn’t use to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜。
usedn’t to +动词原形
He usedn’t to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜。
一般疑问句及其答语
—Did sb. use to + 动词原形...?
—Yes, sb did./No, sb didn’t.
—Did he use to wear glasses?他过去戴眼镜吗?
—Yes, he did./No, he didn’t.是的,他戴。/不,他不戴。
—Used sb to +动词原形...?
—Yes, sb used to./No, sb usedn’t to.
—Used he to wear glasses?他过去戴眼镜吗?
—Yes,he uesd to./No, he usedn’t to.是的,他戴。/不,他不戴。
反意疑问句
附加疑问句部分用didn’t/usedn’t + sb或did/used + sb
He used to wear glasses, didn’t he?他过去戴眼镜,不是吗?
He usedn’t to wear glasses, used he?他过去不戴眼镜,是吗?
三、used to的there be句型
used to用于there be结构中时,形式为there used to be,表示“过去曾有”。
Eg.There used to be a private school here.这儿曾经有一所私立学校。
【即学即用】I’ll never forget the town in which there A a clean river and many big tall trees.
A.used to be B.used to have C.was used to being D.was used to having
四、used to的相似结构辨析(重点)
句型
含义
用法
used to do sth
过去常常做某事
只用于过去式,其中to为不定式符号
be/get used to doing sth
习惯于做某事
用于现在、过去或将来等多种时态,其中to为介词
be used to do sth
被用于做某事
用于多种时态
Eg.He got used to being the center of attention. 他习惯了成为关注的焦点。
Stamps can be used to send letters. 邮票可以用来寄信。
单元写作通用表达&范文背诵
本单元的话题是“谈论生活变化”。主要描述过去经常做的事,以及自己或他人过去的外貌、性格、爱好等等;描述生活中发生的变化,以及发生变化的原因。此话题主要从以下三方面设题:
①介绍自己现在和过去的变化;
②介绍家人、同学、朋友等发生的变化;
③对于身边发生的变化给出一些评论等。
体裁:说明文
时态:用一般现在时和一般过去时
人称:第一人称。
【词汇积累】
外貌:tall, big and strong, a little heavy, overweight (超重的), be of medium height / build, thin, short, light, straight / curly / long / short hair, high / big nose, big / bright eyes, wear glasses
性格:funny, friendly / nice / kind, outgoing, serious, humorous, active, brave, helpful, popular, talkative (健谈的), silent, quiet, shy, lazy, be easy / hard to get on / along with, be ready to help others
兴趣与爱好:in the school music / ... club, on a basketball / ... team, love / like / enjoy (playing) soccer / ..., be interested in / be good at ..., dislike / can’t stand ...
行为习惯:watch TV / movies, listen to pop / ... music, hate P.E. / ... class, not eat a lot of vegetables / ..., not read a lot of books, be afraid of the dark / high places / being alone / giving a speech in public ...
学习:study / work hard, get good scores / grades on one’s exams, do well in school, be good at English / ..., become less / more interested in studying, be absent from classes, fail the exam, be bad at / be poor in / be bored with / do badly in ...
衣着:dress in black / ..., wear jeans / ..., be dressed as a boy, dress beautifully / nicely / poorly / simply / ...
【句式积累】
1. ... used to be / do ..., but now ...
2. ... didn’t use to be / do ...
3. ... would often / usually / always ...
4. ... had the habit of ...
5. ... has / have changed so much / a lot / greatly / …
6. ... no longer ...
7. ... doesn’t / don’t ... anymore.
8. It was common to see ... do / doing ... (in those days / at that time / ...)
【佳句赏析】
1. There have been great changes in my life in the last few years.在过去的几年里,我的生活发生了巨大的变化。
2. Many things have changed since I was a child.自从我还是个孩子以来,很多事情都发生了变化。
3. How greatly I have changed in the last few years!在过去的几年里,我发生了多么大的变化!
4. People sure have changed, and so have I.人确实变了,我也变了。
5. It seems that I have changed a lot.看来我变了很多。
6. These years, I’m not who I used to be.这些年来,我已经不是以前的我了。
【范文欣赏】
How I’ve Changed!
My life has changed a lot in the last few years. I used to be short, but now I’m one of the tallest students in my class. I used to be shy and quiet, but now I’m outgoing and I like to make friends. I used to hate reading, but now I have fallen in love with it.
The most important change in my life was becoming interested in reading. Last summer my best friend gave me an interesting book to read. I enjoyed it so much that I started to read other books. It was the most important change because reading gives me a lot of knowledge and makes me very happy. As a famous saying goes, “Reading makes a full man”.
Unit 5
重点单词
词性
单词
词义
备注
名词
blouse
(女士)短上衣;衬衫
silver
银,银器
adj.银色的
cotton
棉;棉花
steel
钢;钢铁
fair
展览会;交易会
adj. 公平的
leaf
叶;叶子
product
产品;制品
France
法国
handbag
小手提包
Germany
德国
surface
表面;表层
material
材料;原料
traffic
交通;路上行驶的车辆
competitor
参赛者;竞争者
form
形式;类型 ;表格
v.形成
celebration
庆典;庆祝活动
heat
热;高温
v. 加热;变热
形容词
environmental
自然环境的;有关环境的
local
当地的;本地的
mobile
可移动的;非固定的
everyday
每天的;日常的
international
国际的
lively
生气勃勃的;(色彩)鲜艳的
historical
有关历史的
动词
produce
生产;制造;出产
process
加工;处理
n. 过程
pack
包装;装箱
avoid
避免;回避
complete
完成
adj.完整的;完全的
副词
widely
广泛地;普遍地
重点词汇词性转换
1.glass. n.玻璃(不可数名词)→glass. n.玻璃杯(可数名词)
2.fairness. n.公正性;合理性→fair. adj.合理的;公平的→fairly. adv.公平地;合理地→unfair. adj.不公平的;不公正的→unfairly. adv.不公正→unfairness. n.不公平;不合理性
3.environmental. adj.自然环境的;有关环境的→environment. n.环境→environmentally. adv.与环境有关地;环境方面地
4.leaf. n.叶;叶子→leaves.复数
5.produce. v.生产;制造;出产→producer. n.生产商;制造商
6.product. n.产品;制品→production. n.生产;产量
7.widely. adv.广泛地;普遍地→wide. adj.宽的;宽阔的→width. n.宽度→widen. v.(使)变宽;(使)扩大
8.pack. v.包装;装箱→package. n.包裹
9.France. n.法国→French. adj.法国(人)的;法语的 n.法语
10.Germany. n.德国→German. adj.德国(人)的;德语的n.德语;德国人→Germans. n.德国人(复数)
11.postman. n.邮递员→postmen.复数
12.international. adj.国际的→nation. n.国家;民族→national. adj.国家的;民族的
13.competitor. n.参赛者;竞争者→compete. v.比赛;竞争→competition. n.比赛;竞争;竞赛 →competitive. adj.有竞争力的
14.celebration. n.庆典;庆祝活动→celebrate. v.庆祝
15.lively. adj.生气勃勃的;(色彩)鲜艳的→living. adj.活着的;尚在人世的→live. adj.活着的;有生命的→alive. adj.活着的;没死的
16.historical. adj.(有关)历史的→history. n.历史→historian. n.历史学家
17.complete. v.完成→complete. adj.完整的;完全的→completely. adv.完全地;彻底地
重点短语
学科网(北京)股份有限公1 / 1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1.be made of 由……制成(能看出原材料)
2.be made from 由…制成(看不出原材料)
3.be made in 在……(地点)制造
4.be made by由……制造(制作人)
5.buy sth.for +价格 以多少钱买……
6.by the way 附带/顺便说一下
7.hear about=hear of听说
8.come up with想出
9.be known/famous for 因为……而闻名
10.in the past在过去 in the future 在未来
11.be produced in 在……生产/制造
12.be widely known for以……被广为人知
13.as far as I know据我所知
14.by hand手工
15.all over the world全世界
16.be good for对……有好处
17.no matter无论
18.even though即使;虽然
19.things made in China中国制造的东西
20.in fact实际上
21.everyday things日常用品
22.used wood用过的木头
23.traffic accidents交通事故
24.find out查明;弄清
25.different kinds of 不同种类的
26.compete in在……方面竞争
27.be painted with被涂上;被画上
28.turn into 变成
29.according to根据;按照
30.send out发出;发送;派遣
31.in trouble处于困境;有麻烦
32.be covered with被……覆盖
33.be lit被点燃
34.rise into the air升入空中
35.be seen as被看做
36.a symbol of/symbols of ……的象征
37.good wishes美好的祝愿
38.paper cutting剪纸
39.be cut with scissors被用剪刀剪……
40.put...on... 把……放/贴在……上
41.good luck 好运
42.be fired at a very high heat 以高温烧制
43.be used by被……使用
44.be used for被用来……
45.be shaped into被塑造成……
46.at midnight在午夜
47.a lot of research on...很多关于……的研究
重点句型
1.中国哪里产茶?
Where is tea produced in China?
2.茶是怎么生产的?
How is tea produced?
3.据我所知,茶树被种植在山坡上。
As far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.
4.他们就被手工采摘,然后被送去加工。
They are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.
5.好像全世界很多人都喝中国的茶。
Many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.
6.人们说茶对身体健康和谈生意都有好处!
People say that tea is good for both health and business!
7.你的衬衫是棉质的吗?
Are your shirts made of cotton?
8.这个飞机模型是由什么制成的?它是由用过的木头和玻璃之城的。
What’s the model plane made of? It’s made of used wood and glass.
9.康健是一名来自上海的十七岁的学生。
Kang Jian is a 17-year-old student from Shanghai.
10.他发现了一个很有趣的现象,那就是当地商店里那么多商品都是中国制造的。
He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China.
11.尽管大多数玩具都贴有美国商标,但他们都是中国制造的。”
Even though most of the toys were American brands, they were made in China.
12.美国人几乎不可避免会买到中国制造的产品。
Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.
13.中国如此擅长制造这些日用品是件很棒的事情。
It’s great that China is so good at making these everyday things.
14.中国每个不同的地区都有各自独特的传统艺术形式。
Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art.
15.当遇到麻烦的时候,他就放孔明灯以寻求帮助。
He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble.
16.它们由竹子制成,外面被纸覆盖。
They are made of bamboo and covered with paper.
17.孔明灯被点燃后会慢慢上升到空中。
When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air.
18.它们被看做是幸福和美好祝福的光明的象征。
They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes.
19.剪纸听起来很简单,但做起来难。
Paper cutting sounds very easy but it can be difficult to do.
20.纸通常是红色的,在用剪刀裁剪之前要先折叠。
The paper, usually red, is folded before it is cut with scissors.
21.这些作品被手工精心塑形,用一种特殊的陶土,然后再自然晾干。
The pieces are carefully shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry.
22.干了以后它们被高温烧制。
After drying, they are fired at a very high heat.
23.完成这一切需要花费好几个星期。
It takes several weeks to complete everything.
重点语法
一般现在时的被动语态
1. 被动语态的含义
在英语中有两种语态,即主动语态(The Active Voice)和被动语态(The Passive Voice)。
含义
例句
说明
主动语态
主语是动作的执行者
Many people speak English.许多人讲英语。
谓语speak这一动作是由主语many people来执行的
被动语态
主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象
English is spoken by many people.英语被许多人讲。
主语English是speak这一动作的承受者
2. 被动语态的构成
被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。
3. 被动语态的用法:当说话者不知道动作的执行者或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,只需要强调动作的承受者,可以使用被动语态。如果需要在被动语态中指出动作的执行者时一般用介词by引出。
►Chinese is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. 汉语是世界上为最多人所讲的语言。
4. 一般现在时的被动语态
(1)一般现在时的被动语态的构成:在一般现在时态的句子中,被动语态由"be(am/is/are) + 及物动词的过去分词"构成。助动词be随人称、数的变化而改变。
►This knife is made of wood and metal. 这把刀是用木头和金属制造的。[来源:Z+xx+k.Com]
►Bananas are produced in Hainan. 香蕉产于海南。
(2)主动语态改写成被动语态的方法:将主动句的宾语变成主语,将主动句的谓语变成
"be + 及物动词的过去分词",主动句的主语变成被动句中by的宾语(或省略)。
主动句:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
被动句:主语 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 + by + 宾语
Most middle school students play football.
主语 谓语 宾语
Football is played by most middle school students.大部分中学生踢足球。
【警示】如果主动句中有两个宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语),可以把其中任意一个变成被动句的主语。
My teacher gives me a lot of books.(主动语态) 我的老师给我许多书。
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾
被动语态:I am given a lot of books by my teacher.
被动语态:A lot of books are given to me by my teacher.
(3) 一般现在时的被动语态的句式变化:
结构
例句
肯定句
主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词+其他.
The kite is made by Mary. 这个风筝是玛丽做的。
一般疑问句及其答语
Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词+其他?
Is the kite made by Mary? 这个风筝是玛丽做的吗?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+am/is/are.
Yes, it is. 对,是的。
否定回答:No, 主语+isn’t/aren’t. 或 No, I’m not.
No, it isn’t. 不,不是。
否定句
主语+ am/is/are + not +及物动词的过去分词+其他.
The kite isn’t made by Mary.这个风筝不是玛丽做的。
(4)由主语单复数确定be的形式。
(5)强调动作的承受者,而不是执行者。
(6)与一般现在时被动语态连用的时间状语有:every day,often,usually,always,seldom等。
My room is cleaned every day by me. 我每天打扫我的房间。
(7)一般现在时被动语态的疑问句与否定句。
疑问句:Is/Am/Are+主语+过去分词+其他?
否定句:主语+is/am/are+not+过去分词+其他. [
►Are these dishes washed by your mother? 这些碟子是你妈妈洗的吗?
►The blackboard is not cleaned by Kate. 凯特没有擦黑板。
单元写作通用表达&范文背诵
本单元以“中国制造的东西”为话题,围绕某种产品的材质、产地、用途及特殊性等信息而展开。与之相关的话题作文通常会涉及民间艺术以及文化传承。介绍特色产品。本话题适合记叙说明两种题材相结合。写作此类话题作文时,时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时,行文中注意准确捕捉写作的“精髓”,表达被描述的事物时,有可能要用到被动语态结构,写作时要立足事实,表达真情实感。
“总分总法”写产品介绍类的作文
1.总起点明产品的名称;
2.详细地描写产品的特征样式、质量、性能;
3.总结评价。
体裁:说明文
时态:介绍产品用一般现在时
人称:第三人称。
【词汇积累】
chopstick, fork, blouse, gloves, glass, cotton, steel,handbag, material;produce,process,product,local,heat,be made of, by hand, tun into,cover. . .with,everyday,lively, be known for, soft, strong,interesting,smooth, real,small,cute, useful,helpful
【句式积累】
1. My town/city/country is famous for. . .
2. . . .is becoming more and more popular.
3. It's more convenient for. . .
4. . . .is made of/from/by/in. . .
5. . . .is/are known for. . .
6. . . .is/are used for. . .
7. . . .is/are special because. .
8. China is famous for…
9. It’s great that China is so good at...·
10. …wish that in the future·will …
11. These usually try to show....
12. They are seen as symbols of ...·
【范文欣赏】
Dear Marcus,
How are you doing these days? I'm excited to hear from you. I'd like to tell you something about kites in my city.
My city, Weifang in Shandong Province, is famous for its kites. An international kite festival is held here in April every year. Kites are loved by lots of people because they rise into the air with people's wishes for a better life. They are usually made of bamboo, paper or cloth or plastic and string. There are all kinds of kites and they are often painted with colorful drawings. And kites here often have special designs. People used kites to send a message in the old days. Today, they are used for fun and exercise.
Welcome to my city! I hope you will fly a kite here!
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
Unit 6
重点单词
词性
单词
词义
备注
名词
electricity
电;电能
style
样式;款式
project
项目;工程
pleasure
高兴;愉快
pioneer
先锋;先驱
ruler
统治者;支配者;尺子
smell
气味
v.发出…气味;闻到
trade
贸易;交易
v.做买卖;从事贸易
popularity
受欢迎;普及
doubt
疑惑;疑问
v. 怀疑
earthquake
地震
instrument
器械; 仪器;工具
customer
顾客;客户
hero
英雄;男主角
复数heroes
形容词
daily
每日的;日常的
accidental
意外的;偶然的
national
国家的;民族的
sudden
突然(的)
musical
音乐的;有音乐天赋的
salty
咸的
sour
酸的;有酸味的
Canadian
加拿大的;加拿大人的
n. 加拿大人
professional
职业的;专业的
动词
list
列表;列清单
n. 名单;清单
mention
提到;说到
boil
煮沸;烧开
remain
保持不变;剩余
translate
翻译
divide
分开;分散
副词
nearly
几乎;差不多
重点词汇词性转换
1. electricity n.电;电能——electric adj.电的;电动的——electrical adj,与电有关的
2. style n.样式;款式——stylish adj.时髦的;潇洒的
3. pleasure n.高兴;愉快——pleased adj.高兴的;喜欢的——pleasant adj.令人愉快的, 惬意的
4. daily adj.每日的;日常的——day. 一天;白天
5. accident n.事故;意外——accidental adj.意外的;偶然的
6. ruler n.统治者;支配者;尺子——rule v.统治;支配 n.规则;条例
7. boil v.煮沸;烧开——boiled adj.煮沸的;烧开的——boiling adj.正在沸腾的
8. national adj.国家的;民族的——nation n.国家;民族——nationality n.国籍
9. trade n.贸易——trader n.商人;贸易者
10. popularity n.受欢迎;普及——popular adj.受欢迎的;流行的
11. translate v.翻译——translation n.翻译;译文
12. lock v.锁上;锁住 n.锁——locker n.锁柜;寄物柜
13. customer n, 顾客;客户——custom n.风俗;习俗
14. Canadian adj.加拿大的;加拿大人——Canada n.加拿大
15. professional adj.职业的;专业的——profession n.职业;专业
重点短语
学科网(北京)股份有限公1 / 1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1. by accident 偶然的;意外的
2. take place 发生;出现
3. without doubt 毫无疑问;的确
4. all of a sudden 突然;猛地
5. be used for (doing sth.)
=be used to (do sth.) 被用来做……
6. It is said that… 据说
7. fall into 落入;掉入
8. It is believed that 人们认为
9. bring to 带到;带入
10. less than 少于;不到
more than 多于
11. know about 了解
12. at a low price 以很低的价格
13. have a point 有道理
14. the style of ……的样式
15. in our daily life 在我们的日常生活中
16. some time 一段时间
17. in the 19th century 在19世纪
18. by mistake 错误地;无意中
19. divide…into 把……分开
20. look up to 钦佩;仰慕
21. in the end = finally = at last最终;最后
22. dream of 梦想;向往;渴望
23. achieve one’s dream= realize one’s dream
= make one’s dream come true实现某人的梦想
24. decide on 决定;选定
25. at the same time 同时
26. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事
27. the number of ……的数量
28. not only…but also… 不但……而且
29. think of/ about 想;考虑
30. come up with 想出
31. the popularity of… ……的普及
32.translate…into… 把……翻译成……
33. take notes 记笔记
34. lead to 导致;导向
重点句型
1. When was it invented?它是什么时候发明的?
2. Is it really such a great invention? 它真的是如此了不起的一项发明吗?
3.For example, it mentioned that zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893.例如,它提到拉链是1893年由惠特科姆·贾德森发明的。
4. But at that time, it wasn’t used widely.但在当时,它并没有被广泛使用。
5. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.据说,有一位叫作神农的中国统治者最早发现茶可以饮用。
6.It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water.它散发出一股香味,因此他尝了一下这棕色的水。
7. In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660, but…在英国,茶直到1660年左右才出现,但…
8.Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea.即使现在许多人知道茶文化,但中国人无疑是最懂茶之本质的人。
9.George wanted to make the customer happy.乔治想让那位顾客满意。
10.Then in1936 in Berlin, it became an event at the Olympics.1936年在柏林,它成为奥运会的一个项目。
11.Dr.Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams and taught them to play his new game.奈史密斯博士把班上的人分成两队,教他们玩他的新游戏。
12.At the same time ,they need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket.同时,他们需要阻止对手将球打进自己的篮筐
13.Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch.篮球不仅已成为一项受欢迎的运动,而且也已成为一种受欢迎的观看运动。
14.Many young people look up to these basketball heroes and want to become like them.许多年轻人仰慕这些篮球英雄,并想成为他们一样的人。
15.These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams. 这些明星鼓励年轻人努力实现梦想。
重点语法
一般过去时的被动语态
概念:表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,主语是动作的承受者。
句型结构:
1.肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+其他。
He was chosen to work for the village. 他被选上为这个村庄工作。
2.否定句:主语+was/ were + not+及物动词的过去分词十其他。
He wasn't chosen to work for the village. 他没有被选上为这个村庄工作。
3.一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were.
否定回答:No,主语+was/were + not.
—Was he chosen to work for the village? 他被选上为这个村庄工作了吗?
—Yes, he was./No, he wasn't. 是的,他被选上了。/不,他没被选上。
4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他?
When was the picture taken? 这张照片是什么时候拍的?
使用被动语态时的注意事项
1.含双宾语的主动结构变被动结构时,既可将间接宾语转化为主语,也可将直接宾语转化为主语。若将间接宾语转化为主语,则保留直接宾语;若将直接宾语转化为主语,则保留间接宾语,且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for。
Eg.We gave some flowers to Miss Gao on Teachers’ Day. 教师节那天,我们送给了高老师一些花。
→Some flowers were given to Miss Gao on Teachers’ Day(by us).
2.含有动词短语的主动结构变被动结构时,不要漏掉短语中的介词或副词。
Eg.We handed in our homework last Friday. 上周五我们上交了家庭作业。
→Our homework was handed in last Friday(by us).
3.在含有使役动词make或感官动词(see, watch, notice, hear等)的主动语态的句子中,这些词后常跟省略to的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时则要把省去的to还原。
Eg.I saw him cross the road and enter the shop. 我看到他穿过马路走进了商店。
→He was seen to cross the road and enter the shop(by me).
单元写作通用表达&范文背诵
当前,科技发展日新月异,高新产业更是突飞猛进。现代科技改变了人们的生活,也激发了全民学科学、爱科学、用科学的热情,形成了“大众创业,万众创新”的科学热潮。本单元以“谈论发明物的历史及用途”为话题,涉及科普知识与技术等内容,是学生最感兴趣的话题之一。写作体裁多为说明文,写好这类文章一定要抓住事物的特征、功能和用途。在中考中,说明文一般要按照“总一分”结构或并列结构布局,而且在说明一件事物的时候,应按照一定的顺序:如时间顺序、空间顺序或逻提职序等。
体裁:说明文
时态:以一般现在时为主
人称:第三人称。
思路:1. What’s it and when was it invented?
2. What’s it used for?
3. What does it look like?
4. How does it work?
5. How much is it?
【词汇积累】
一、发明与创造
1. invention发明物n. 2.invent发明;创造v 3.innovation创新n 4.innovator创新者n.
5.innovate创新v. 6.scientist科学家n. 7.engineer工程师n. 8.create创造;创建v.
9.creative有创造力的adj. 10.creator创造者n. 11.discovery发现n.
12.wood/gold/silver/paper/silk/glass材质n.
13. be made of/from/in/to/for用......做成的、产地、用途......、用来做......
二、科技产品与设备
1.technology技术n 2.device设备;装置n. 3.gadget小器具;小玩意n. 4.smartphone智能手机n.
5.robot机器人n. 6.battery电池n. 7.bulb电灯泡;电灯n. 8.electricity电n.
9.microwave oven微波炉n. 10.solar power太阳能n.
三、科技过程与方法
1.research研究n. & v. 2.experiment实验n. & v. 3.develop开发;研制v. 4.design设计n. & v.
四、科技影响与评价
1.impact影响n. & v. 2.advantage优势n. 3.innovation创新n. 4.innovator创新者n.
5. widely广泛地adv. 6. advance发展;进步 v. 7. benefit 利益;益处n.
8. pioneering开创性的adj. 9. addiction 成瘾n. 10. evolution演化n.
【句式积累】
1.我最爱的......是..... My favorite ...is...
2.它是......的 It’s made of .....
3. 它是用来..... It is used for....
4.我的发明是一个....... My invention is a/an....
5.科技会如何影响我们的生活呢? How does technology influence our life ?
6.手机正变得越来越重要。你知道手机的历史吗?
Cell phones are becoming more and more important. Do you know the history of cell phones?
7.你认同吗?如今的生活就是科技使得生活更便捷。
Do you agree? Today's life is that technology makes life easier.
8.许多发明都改变了我们的生活。 Many inventions change our life.
9.在我看来,互联网是一个很有用的发明,它对我的生活影响最大。
As far as I'm concerned, the Internet is a useful invention and it influences my life most.
10.大家好。让我和你分享一些关于移动支付的事情。
Hello, everyone. Let me share something with you about the mobile payment.
【范文欣赏】
This special pen was invented by Liu Jie. It has three colors and is used for taking notes quickly. It is very useful if you have a lot to write down. The pen comes with a microchip that can store a list of common words that you will use. You can program the words you will use often into the microchip's memory, then assign a short form to each word. When you are writing, you just need to write the short forms with the pen, press a button on the pen and all short forms will change into the actual words. The microchip can contain up to 50 words and you can make changes to the list of words whenever you need to.You must want to know how much my new invention is. It’s 500 yuan. It’s not very expensive, is it?I think the pen is so convenient and helpful .I believe you will also be happy with it.They are going to change your homework completely .
$专题02 Units 4~6 重点词汇句型语法&写作通用表达
Unit 4
重点单词
词性
单词
词义
备注
名词
_________
害羞;腼腆
adj. shy
___________
人群;观众
____________
讲话;发言
___________
民众
adj.公开的 ;公众的
__________
昆虫
___________
考试;审查
exam
___________
自豪;骄傲
___________
介绍
v. introduce
形容词
__________
有幽默感的;滑稽有趣的
___________
不说话的;沉默的
___________
有用的;有帮助的
___________
私人的;私密的
___________
欧洲的;欧洲人的
n. 欧洲人
___________
非洲的;非洲人的
n.非洲人
___________
英国的;英国人的
__________
缺席;不在
___________
自豪的;骄傲的
____________
普遍的;常规的;总的
n. 将军
动词
____________
采访;面试
n. 面试;访谈
_______
对付;对待
_________
敢于;胆敢
___________
需要;要求
__________
影响
n. 影响
___________
不及格;失败;未能(做到)
副词
__________
不常;很少
___________
确切地;精确地
重点词汇词性转换
1.humorous.adj.有幽默感的;滑稽有趣的→___________.n.幽默;滑稽
2.silent.adj.不说话的;沉默的→__________.n.沉默:安静:默→__________.adv:沉默地
3.helpful.adj.有用的;有帮助的→______.n.&v.帮助→_________.adj.无益的;不予帮助的→___________.adj.无助的→___________.n.助手;帮手
4.interview.采访;面试n.面试;访谈→_________.n.采访者:面试者→___________.n.接受采访者:参加面试者
5.Asian.adj.亚洲(人)的n.亚洲人→__________.n.亚洲
6.deal.v对付;对待→_____________.过去式→__________.过去分词→___________.n.协议;交易→____________.n.经销商:交易商
7.shyness.n.害羞;→_______________.adj.害羞的;腼膜的
8.crowd.n.人群→____________.adj.拥挤的→______________.adj.不拥挤的
9.private.adj.私人的;私密的→______________.adj私下地;秘密地→____________.n.隐私
10.require.v.需要;要求→______________.n.要求
11.European.adj.欧洲(人)的 n.欧洲人→_______________.n.欧洲
12.African.adj非洲(人)的n.非洲人→__________________.n.非洲
13.British.adj.英国(人)的→_______________.n.英国:不列颠
14.speech.n.讲话;发言→__________.v说(某种语言);说话→__________.n.演讲者;发言人;扬声器
15.absent.adj.缺席;不在→___________.n.缺席→_____________.adj.出席的;在场的
16.fail.v不及格;失败;未能(做到)→______________.n.失败
17.examination.n.考试:审查→_________________.v检查
18.pride.n.自豪;骄傲→____________ adj.自豪的;骄傲的
19.general.adj.总的:普遍的;常规的n.将军→______________.adv.一般地;普遍地
20.introduction.n.介绍→________________.v介绍
重点短语
学科网(北京)股份有限公1 / 1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1. _______________ 害怕
2.________________几天
3. ___________________不再
4.__________________对..感兴趣
5._________________ 在游泳队
6.___________________ 取得好成绩
7.__________________时常:有时
8. ___________________如此好的一个主意
9._______________ 开始做
10.___________________ 应对;处理
11.__________________整个学校
12._____________________在众人面前
13.___________________能够
14.________________一直;总是
15._________________大量的;许多的
16.____________________太多的关注
17. _______________________担心
18._________________ 闲逛:常去某处
19. ___________________ 放弃
20._________________正常的生活
21.___________________ 通往成功之路
22.____________________考虑
23.__________________ 奋力坚持
24.__________________努力学习/努力工作
25. ______________________ 极少数人
26.___________ 流行乐明星
27.________________乡村音乐
28._____________________ 至少
29.___________________ 独处
30. _________________ 作演讲
31.__________________ 公开地
32.______________________ 在过去
33.__________________ 对..感到紧张/焦虑
34. ________________来自农村
35. _________________擅长
36.__________________制造问题;惹麻烦
37.___________________ 找工作
38.__________________________照顾
39.____________________ 感到孤独
40. ____________________影响他的学业
41.______________________缺席
42. ___________________ 考试不及格
43. ____________________ 寄宿学校
44._________________ 交朋友
45._______________ 亲身;亲自
46. __________________ 即使
47.__________________ 记起;想起
48. _____________________为...感到自豪
49.____________________ 在......方面积极
50._______________________总体介绍
51.____________________ 在过去的几年里
52.______________________ 保持沉默
学科网(北京)股份有限公1 / 1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
重点句型
1.我过去在学校里不受欢迎。
I didn’t _________________________ in school.
2.Puala过去很文静。
Paula _________________________ really quiet.
3.他过去戴眼镜吗?是的,他戴。/不,他不戴。
_______ he ____________ wear glasses? Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.
4.这次聚会真是个不错的主意!
This party is ________________________!
5.看到人们发生了怎么样的变化是很有趣的。
It’s interesting ___________________ how people have changed.
6.我过去每天见他在图书馆里读书。
I used ___________ him ______________ in the library every day.
7.她过去真的很羞涩,开始唱歌是为了克服自己的羞涩。
she used to be really shy and ________________ singing __________________ her shyness.
8.现在她再也不羞涩了。
Now she’s ___________ shy _________________.
9.但是现在我无论走到哪里,都得到许多关注。
I _________________________ everywhere I go.
10.我总是不得不担心在别人看来我是怎么样的形象。
I always have to ______________ how I __________________ others.
11.我再也没有很多的私人时间了。
I don’t have much ____________________ anymore.
12.和朋友们闲逛对我来说几乎是不可能的。
_________________________ friends is almost impossible for me
13.你得准备放弃正常的生活。
You have to ____________________________ your normal life.
14.你永远无法想象成功之路有多难。
You can never ______________ how difficult _________________________ is.
15.很多次我都想到了放弃,但我坚持奋斗。
Many times I ___________________ giving up, but I _____________________.
16.想要成功,你真的需要很高的天赋和努力。
You really require a lot of talent and hard work _________________.
17.只有很少的人能出人头地。
Only a very small number of people ____________________ the top.
18.很难相信,他在学校曾有很多困难。
It is hard _______________ that he used to ___________________ in school.
19.他很少惹麻烦,他的家人很多时间都在一起度过。
He seldom caused any problems, and his family ____________________________ together.
20.李文的不快乐开始影响他的学业。
Li Wen’s ________________ began _______________________ his schoolwork.
21.他对学习的兴趣降低了。
He became less _____________________________.
22.有时候他会逃课,考试不及格。
Sometimes he ________________________ classes and failed his examinations.
23.她建议他们亲自与自己的儿子谈谈。
She advised them ___________________ their son ______________________.
重点语法
used to 的用法
一、语法概述
used to意为“___________________”,表示过去的习惯、状态或过去反复发生的动作,暗含现在已不存在或不再发生之意。其中,to为不定式符号,后接动词原形,其主语可以是各种人称。
二、used to的句式
肯定句
___________________
He used to wear glasses.他过去戴眼镜。
否定句
_______________________
He didn’t use to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜。
_______________________
He usedn’t to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜。
一般疑问句及其答语
—___________________________?
—Yes, sb did./No, sb didn’t.
—Did he use to wear glasses?他过去戴眼镜吗?
—Yes, he did./No, he didn’t.是的,他戴。/不,他不戴。
—______________________?
—Yes, sb used to./No, sb usedn’t to.
—Used he to wear glasses?他过去戴眼镜吗?
—Yes,he uesd to./No, he usedn’t to.是的,他戴。/不,他不戴。
反意疑问句
附加疑问句部分用__________________________
He used to wear glasses, didn’t he?他过去戴眼镜,不是吗?
He usedn’t to wear glasses, used he?他过去不戴眼镜,是吗?
三、used to的there be句型
used to用于there be结构中时,形式为__________________,表示“过去曾有”。
Eg.There used to be a private school here.这儿曾经有一所私立学校。
【即学即用】I’ll never forget the town in which there a clean river and many big tall trees.
A.used to be B.used to have C.was used to being D.was used to having
四、used to的相似结构辨析(重点)
句型
含义
用法
used to do sth
___________________
只用于过去式,其中to为不定式符号
be/get used to doing sth
_____________________
用于现在、过去或将来等多种时态,其中to为介词
be used to do sth
_______________________
用于多种时态
Eg.He got used to being the center of attention. 他习惯了成为关注的焦点。
Stamps can be used to send letters. 邮票可以用来寄信。
单元写作通用表达&范文背诵
本单元的话题是“谈论生活变化”。主要描述过去经常做的事,以及自己或他人过去的外貌、性格、爱好等等;描述生活中发生的变化,以及发生变化的原因。此话题主要从以下三方面设题:
①介绍自己现在和过去的变化;
②介绍家人、同学、朋友等发生的变化;
③对于身边发生的变化给出一些评论等。
体裁:说明文
时态:用一般现在时和一般过去时
人称:第一人称。
【词汇积累】
外貌:tall, big and strong, a little heavy, overweight (超重的), be of medium height / build, thin, short, light, straight / curly / long / short hair, high / big nose, big / bright eyes, wear glasses
性格:funny, friendly / nice / kind, outgoing, serious, humorous, active, brave, helpful, popular, talkative (健谈的), silent, quiet, shy, lazy, be easy / hard to get on / along with, be ready to help others
兴趣与爱好:in the school music / ... club, on a basketball / ... team, love / like / enjoy (playing) soccer / ..., be interested in / be good at ..., dislike / can’t stand ...
行为习惯:watch TV / movies, listen to pop / ... music, hate P.E. / ... class, not eat a lot of vegetables / ..., not read a lot of books, be afraid of the dark / high places / being alone / giving a speech in public ...
学习:study / work hard, get good scores / grades on one’s exams, do well in school, be good at English / ..., become less / more interested in studying, be absent from classes, fail the exam, be bad at / be poor in / be bored with / do badly in ...
衣着:dress in black / ..., wear jeans / ..., be dressed as a boy, dress beautifully / nicely / poorly / simply / ...
【句式积累】
1. ... used to be / do ..., but now ...
2. ... didn’t use to be / do ...
3. ... would often / usually / always ...
4. ... had the habit of ...
5. ... has / have changed so much / a lot / greatly / …
6. ... no longer ...
7. ... doesn’t / don’t ... anymore.
8. It was common to see ... do / doing ... (in those days / at that time / ...)
【佳句赏析】
1. There have been great changes in my life in the last few years.在过去的几年里,我的生活发生了巨大的变化。
2. Many things have changed since I was a child.自从我还是个孩子以来,很多事情都发生了变化。
3. How greatly I have changed in the last few years!在过去的几年里,我发生了多么大的变化!
4. People sure have changed, and so have I.人确实变了,我也变了。
5. It seems that I have changed a lot.看来我变了很多。
6. These years, I’m not who I used to be.这些年来,我已经不是以前的我了。
【范文欣赏】
How I’ve Changed!
My life has changed a lot in the last few years. I used to be short, but now I’m one of the tallest students in my class. I used to be shy and quiet, but now I’m outgoing and I like to make friends. I used to hate reading, but now I have fallen in love with it.
The most important change in my life was becoming interested in reading. Last summer my best friend gave me an interesting book to read. I enjoyed it so much that I started to read other books. It was the most important change because reading gives me a lot of knowledge and makes me very happy. As a famous saying goes, “Reading makes a full man”.
Unit 5
重点单词
词性
单词
词义
备注
名词
__________
(女士)短上衣;衬衫
____________
银,银器
adj.银色的
___________
棉;棉花
____________
钢;钢铁
___________
展览会;交易会
adj. 公平的
__________
叶;叶子
____________
产品;制品
____________
法国
___________
小手提包
__________
德国
___________
表面;表层
__________
材料;原料
___________
交通;路上行驶的车辆
___________
参赛者;竞争者
_________
形式;类型 ;表格
v.形成
____________
庆典;庆祝活动
____________
热;高温
v. 加热;变热
形容词
__________
自然环境的;有关环境的
___________
当地的;本地的
__________
可移动的;非固定的
____________
每天的;日常的
___________
国际的
__________
生气勃勃的;(色彩)鲜艳的
___________
有关历史的
形容词
____________
生产;制造;出产
____________
加工;处理
n. 过程
_________
包装;装箱
___________
避免;回避
_________
完成
adj.完整的;完全的
副词
_________
广泛地;普遍地
重点词汇词性转换
1.glass. n.玻璃(不可数名词)→___________. n.玻璃杯(可数名词)
2.fairness. n.公正性;合理性→________. adj.合理的;公平的→_______. adv.公平地;合理地→__________. adj.不公平的;不公正的→________. adv.不公正→________. n.不公平;不合理性
3.environmental. adj.自然环境的;有关环境的→__________. n.环境→____________. adv.与环境有关地;环境方面地
4.leaf. n.叶;叶子→_____________.复数
5.produce. v.生产;制造;出产→______________. n.生产商;制造商
6.product. n.产品;制品→_________. n.生产;产量
7.widely. adv.广泛地;普遍地→__________. adj.宽的;宽阔的→__________. n.宽度→___________. v.(使)变宽;(使)扩大
8.pack. v.包装;装箱→____________. n.包裹
9.France. n.法国→__________. adj.法国(人)的;法语的 n.法语
10.Germany. n.德国→__________. adj.德国(人)的;德语的n.德语;德国人→_________. n.德国人(复数)
11.postman. n.邮递员→__________.复数
12.international. adj.国际的→________. n.国家;民族→__________. adj.国家的;民族的
13.competitor. n.参赛者;竞争者→_________. v.比赛;竞争→__________. n.比赛;竞争;竞赛 →___________. adj.有竞争力的
14.celebration. n.庆典;庆祝活动→_______________. v.庆祝
15.lively. adj.生气勃勃的;(色彩)鲜艳的→_________. adj.活着的;尚在人世的→_______. adj.活着的;有生命的→___________. adj.活着的;没死的
16.historical. adj.(有关)历史的→___________. n.历史→__________. n.历史学家
17.complete. v.完成→___________. adj.完整的;完全的→____________. adv.完全地;彻底地
重点短语
学科网(北京)股份有限公1 / 1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1.____________ 由……制成(能看出原材料)
2.______________ 由…制成(看不出原材料)
3._______________ 在……(地点)制造
4._________________由……制造(制作人)
5.________________ 以多少钱买……
6.________________ 附带/顺便说一下
7.___________________听说
8.___________________想出
9.__________________ 因为……而闻名
10.____________在过去 ______________ 在未来
11.________________ 在……生产/制造
12.______________以……被广为人知
13._________________据我所知
14.___________________手工
15._____________________全世界
16.__________________对……有好处
17._________________无论
18.__________________即使;虽然
19.____________________中国制造的东西
20.______________________实际上
21.__________________日常用品
22.___________________用过的木头
23.___________________交通事故
24.________________查明;弄清
25.___________________ 不同种类的
26.____________________在……方面竞争
27.__________________被涂上;被画上
28._________________ 变成
29.____________________根据;按照
30.________________发出;发送;派遣
31.__________________处于困境;有麻烦
32._____________________被……覆盖
33.___________________被点燃
34.____________________升入空中
35.__________________被看做
36._____________________……的象征
37.______________________美好的祝愿
38._____________________剪纸
39._________________被用剪刀剪……
40.__________________ 把……放/贴在……上
41.___________________ 好运
42._______________________ 以高温烧制
43._____________________被……使用
44.___________________被用来……
45._________________被塑造成……
46._____________________在午夜
47.___________________...很多关于……的研究
重点句型
1.中国哪里产茶?
Where ___________ tea _____________ in China?
2.茶是怎么生产的?
___________ tea___________________?
3.据我所知,茶树被种植在山坡上。
___________________, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.
4.他们就被手工采摘,然后被送去加工。
They are picked ______________ and then ______________ processing.
5.好像全世界很多人都喝中国的茶。
Many people __________________ drink Chinese tea.
6.人们说茶对身体健康和谈生意都有好处!
People say that tea _______________ both health and business!
7.你的衬衫是棉质的吗?
______________ your shirts ________________ cotton?
8.这个飞机模型是由什么制成的?它是由用过的木头和玻璃之城的。
___________ the model plane _______________? It’s made of used wood and glass.
9.康健是一名来自上海的十七岁的学生。
Kang Jian is a _________________ student from Shanghai.
10.他发现了一个很有趣的现象,那就是当地商店里那么多商品都是中国制造的。
He found ________________ that so many products in the local shops ______________ China.
11.尽管大多数玩具都贴有美国商标,但他们都是中国制造的。”
______________ most of the toys were American brands, they were made in China.
12.美国人几乎不可避免会买到中国制造的产品。
Americans can hardly _________________ products ________________ China.
13.中国如此擅长制造这些日用品是件很棒的事情。
It’s great that China is so ______________ these _____________ things.
14.中国每个不同的地区都有各自独特的传统艺术形式。
Each different part of China has ______________ special forms of traditional art.
15.当遇到麻烦的时候,他就放孔明灯以寻求帮助。
He ___________ them ___________ ask for help when _______________.
16.它们由竹子制成,外面被纸覆盖。
They are made of bamboo and _______________ paper.
17.孔明灯被点燃后会慢慢上升到空中。
When the lanterns _______________, they slowly _______________ the air.
18.它们被看做是幸福和美好祝福的光明的象征。
They _______________ bright symbols of ______________ and good wishes.
19.剪纸听起来很简单,但做起来难。
Paper cutting sounds very easy but it can _____________________.
20.纸通常是红色的,在用剪刀裁剪之前要先折叠。
The paper, usually red, ____________ before it is cut ____________ scissors.
21.这些作品被手工精心塑形,用一种特殊的陶土,然后再自然晾干。
The pieces _________ carefully _________________ from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry.
22.干了以后它们被高温烧制。
__________, they are fired ___________________.
23.完成这一切需要花费好几个星期。
It takes several weeks _________________ everything.
重点语法
一般现在时的被动语态
1. 被动语态的含义
在英语中有两种语态,即主动语态(The Active Voice)和被动语态(The Passive Voice)。
含义
例句
说明
主动语态
主语是动作的执行者
Many people speak English.许多人讲英语。
谓语speak这一动作是由主语many people来执行的
被动语态
主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象
English is spoken by many people.英语被许多人讲。
主语English是speak这一动作的承受者
2. 被动语态的构成
被动语态由"________________"构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。
3. 被动语态的用法:当说话者不知道动作的执行者或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,只需要强调动作的承受者,可以使用被动语态。如果需要在被动语态中指出动作的执行者时一般用介词by引出。
►Chinese is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. 汉语是世界上为最多人所讲的语言。
4. 一般现在时的被动语态
(1)一般现在时的被动语态的构成:在一般现在时态的句子中,被动语态由"_____________"构成。助动词be随人称、数的变化而改变。
►This knife is made of wood and metal. 这把刀是用木头和金属制造的。[来源:Z+xx+k.Com]
►Bananas are produced in Hainan. 香蕉产于海南。
(2)主动语态改写成被动语态的方法:将主动句的宾语变成__________,将主动句的谓语变成
"____________________",主动句的主语变成被动句中________________(或省略)。
主动句:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
被动句:主语 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 + by + 宾语
Most middle school students play football.
主语 谓语 宾语
Football is played by most middle school students.大部分中学生踢足球。
【警示】如果主动句中有两个宾语(_________和____________),可以把其中任意一个变成被动句的主语。
My teacher gives me a lot of books.(主动语态) 我的老师给我许多书。
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾
被动语态:I am given a lot of books by my teacher.
被动语态:A lot of books are given to me by my teacher.
(3) 一般现在时的被动语态的句式变化:
结构
例句
肯定句
主语+____________________________+其他.
The kite is made by Mary. 这个风筝是玛丽做的。
一般疑问句及其答语
_________ + 主语 + _________________+其他?
Is the kite made by Mary? 这个风筝是玛丽做的吗?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+am/is/are.
Yes, it is. 对,是的。
否定回答:No, 主语+isn’t/aren’t. 或 No, I’m not.
No, it isn’t. 不,不是。
否定句
主语+ ____________________________+其他.
The kite isn’t made by Mary.这个风筝不是玛丽做的。
(4)由主语单复数确定be的形式。
(5)强调动作的承受者,而不是执行者。
(6)与一般现在时被动语态连用的时间状语有:every day,often,usually,always,seldom等。
My room is cleaned every day by me. 我每天打扫我的房间。
(7)一般现在时被动语态的疑问句与否定句。
疑问句:Is/Am/Are+主语+过去分词+其他?
否定句:主语+is/am/are+not+过去分词+其他. [
►Are these dishes washed by your mother? 这些碟子是你妈妈洗的吗?
►The blackboard is not cleaned by Kate. 凯特没有擦黑板。
单元写作通用表达&范文背诵
本单元以“中国制造的东西”为话题,围绕某种产品的材质、产地、用途及特殊性等信息而展开。与之相关的话题作文通常会涉及民间艺术以及文化传承。介绍特色产品。本话题适合记叙说明两种题材相结合。写作此类话题作文时,时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时,行文中注意准确捕捉写作的“精髓”,表达被描述的事物时,有可能要用到被动语态结构,写作时要立足事实,表达真情实感。
“总分总法”写产品介绍类的作文
1.总起点明产品的名称;
2.详细地描写产品的特征样式、质量、性能;
3.总结评价。
体裁:说明文
时态:介绍产品用一般现在时
人称:第三人称。
【词汇积累】
chopstick, fork, blouse, gloves, glass, cotton, steel,handbag, material;produce,process,product,local,heat,be made of, by hand, tun into,cover. . .with,everyday,lively, be known for, soft, strong,interesting,smooth, real,small,cute, useful,helpful
【句式积累】
1. My town/city/country is famous for. . .
2. . . .is becoming more and more popular.
3. It's more convenient for. . .
4. . . .is made of/from/by/in. . .
5. . . .is/are known for. . .
6. . . .is/are used for. . .
7. . . .is/are special because. .
8. China is famous for…
9. It’s great that China is so good at...·
10. …wish that in the future·will …
11. These usually try to show....
12. They are seen as symbols of ...·
【范文欣赏】
Dear Marcus,
How are you doing these days? I'm excited to hear from you. I'd like to tell you something about kites in my city.
My city, Weifang in Shandong Province, is famous for its kites. An international kite festival is held here in April every year. Kites are loved by lots of people because they rise into the air with people's wishes for a better life. They are usually made of bamboo, paper or cloth or plastic and string. There are all kinds of kites and they are often painted with colorful drawings. And kites here often have special designs. People used kites to send a message in the old days. Today, they are used for fun and exercise.
Welcome to my city! I hope you will fly a kite here!
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
Unit 6
重点单词
词性
单词
词义
备注
名词
_________
电;电能
_________
样式;款式
__________
项目;工程
__________
高兴;愉快
__________
先锋;先驱
___________
统治者;支配者;尺子
__________
气味
v.发出…气味;闻到
__________
贸易;交易
v.做买卖;从事贸易
__________
受欢迎;普及
___________
疑惑;疑问
v. 怀疑
__________
地震
__________
器械; 仪器;工具
__________
顾客;客户
__________
英雄;男主角
复数heroes
形容词
__________
每日的;日常的
__________
意外的;偶然的
__________
国家的;民族的
__________
突然(的)
__________
音乐的;有音乐天赋的
__________
咸的
__________
酸的;有酸味的
__________
加拿大的;加拿大人的
n. 加拿大人
__________
职业的;专业的
动词
___________
列表;列清单
n. 名单;清单
___________
提到;说到
___________
煮沸;烧开
___________
保持不变;剩余
__________
翻译
__________
分开;分散
副词
___________
几乎;差不多
重点词汇词性转换
1. electricity n.电;电能——________adj.电的;电动的——_________adj,与电有关的
2. style n.样式;款式——________adj.时髦的;潇洒的
3. pleasure n.高兴;愉快——_________adj.高兴的;喜欢的——_________adj.令人愉快的, 惬意的
4. daily adj.每日的;日常的——_________. 一天;白天
5. accident n.事故;意外——___________adj.意外的;偶然的
6. ruler n.统治者;支配者;尺子——__________v.统治;支配 n.规则;条例
7. boil v.煮沸;烧开——________adj.煮沸的;烧开的——________adj.正在沸腾的
8. national adj.国家的;民族的——_________n.国家;民族——___________n.国籍
9. trade n.贸易——_________n.商人;贸易者
10. popularity n.受欢迎;普及——__________adj.受欢迎的;流行的
11. translate v.翻译——____________n.翻译;译文
12. lock v.锁上;锁住 n.锁——___________n.锁柜;寄物柜
13. customer n, 顾客;客户——____________n.风俗;习俗
14. Canadian adj.加拿大的;加拿大人——___________n.加拿大
15. professional adj.职业的;专业的——__________n.职业;专业
重点短语
学科网(北京)股份有限公1 / 1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1. ________________ 偶然的;意外的
2. ________________ 发生;出现
3. ________________ 毫无疑问;的确
4. ___________________ 突然;猛地
5. ___________________ 被用来做……
6. __________________ 据说
7. _________________ 落入;掉入
8. ______________________ 人们认为
9. __________________ 带到;带入
10. _______________ 少于;不到
____________ 多于
11. _________________ 了解
12. _________________ 以很低的价格
13. ________________ 有道理
14. _____________________……的样式
15._________________ 在我们的日常生活中
16. _____________ 一段时间
17. __________________在19世纪
18. ____________ 错误地;无意中
19. ________________ 把……分开
20. _______________ 钦佩;仰慕
21. ___________________最终;最后
22. _______________ 梦想;向往;渴望
23._____________________实现某人的梦想
24. ________________ 决定;选定
25._________________ 同时
26. ____________________ 阻止……干某事
27. _________________……的数量
28. __________________ 不但……而且
29. __________________ 想;考虑
30. ______________________ 想出
31.______________________ ……的普及
32.__________________ 把……翻译成……
33. _________________ 记笔记
34. __________________ 导致;导向
重点句型
1. When _____________ it _____________?它是什么时候发明的?
2. Is it really____________________________? 它真的是如此了不起的一项发明吗?
3.For example, it ________________ that zipper ________________Whitcomb Judson in 1893.例如,它提到拉链是1893年由惠特科姆·贾德森发明的。
4. But__________________, it wasn’t used _______________.但在当时,它并没有被广泛使用。
5. ______________a Chinese ruler ______________ Shen Nong was the first _________________ tea as a drink.据说,有一位叫作神农的中国统治者最早发现茶可以饮用。
6.It ____________ a nice smell so he _________________ the brown water.它散发出一股香味,因此他尝了一下这棕色的水。
7. In England, tea __________ appear ___________ around 1660, but…在英国,茶直到1660年左右才出现,但…
8._______________ many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are _______________ the ones who best understand the nature of tea.即使现在许多人知道茶文化,但中国人无疑是最懂茶之本质的人。
9.George wanted ____________ the customer _______________.乔治想让那位顾客满意。
10.Then in1936 in Berlin, it became an event _____________________.1936年在柏林,它成为奥运会的一个项目。
11.Dr.Naismith ____________ the men in his class ________ two teams and taught them ____________ his new game.奈史密斯博士把班上的人分成两队,教他们玩他的新游戏。
12.____________ ,they need ________________ the competing team ___________ the ball into their own basket.同时,他们需要阻止对手将球打进自己的篮筐
13.Basketball has ___________ become a popular sport to play, _______ it has ________ become a popular sport to watch.篮球不仅已成为一项受欢迎的运动,而且也已成为一种受欢迎的观看运动。
14.Many young people ____________ these basketball heroes and want to become like them.许多年轻人仰慕这些篮球英雄,并想成为他们一样的人。
15.These stars encourage young people _____________________ their dreams. 这些明星鼓励年轻人努力实现梦想。
重点语法
一般过去时的被动语态
概念:表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,主语是动作的承受者。
句型结构:
1.肯定句:主语+___________+_________________+其他。
He was chosen to work for the village. 他被选上为这个村庄工作。
2.否定句:主语+_______________+______________________十其他。
He wasn't chosen to work for the village. 他没有被选上为这个村庄工作。
3.一般疑问句:______________+主语+_____________________+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were.
否定回答:No,主语+was/were + not.
—Was he chosen to work for the village? 他被选上为这个村庄工作了吗?
—Yes, he was./No, he wasn't. 是的,他被选上了。/不,他没被选上。
4.特殊疑问句:____________+_____________+主语+__________________+其他?
When was the picture taken? 这张照片是什么时候拍的?
使用被动语态时的注意事项
1.含双宾语的主动结构变被动结构时,既可将间接宾语转化为主语,也可将直接宾语转化为主语。若将间接宾语转化为主语,则保留直接宾语;若将直接宾语转化为主语,则保留间接宾语,且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for。
Eg.We gave some flowers to Miss Gao on Teachers’ Day. 教师节那天,我们送给了高老师一些花。
→Some flowers ___________________________ Miss Gao on Teachers’ Day(by us).
2.含有动词短语的主动结构变被动结构时,不要漏掉短语中的介词或副词。
Eg.We handed in our homework last Friday. 上周五我们上交了家庭作业。
→Our homework ___________________________ last Friday(by us).
3.在含有使役动词make或感官动词(see, watch, notice, hear等)的主动语态的句子中,这些词后常跟省略to的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时则要把省去的to还原。
Eg.I saw him cross the road and enter the shop. 我看到他穿过马路走进了商店。
→He ____________________________ the road and enter the shop(by me).
单元写作通用表达&范文背诵
当前,科技发展日新月异,高新产业更是突飞猛进。现代科技改变了人们的生活,也激发了全民学科学、爱科学、用科学的热情,形成了“大众创业,万众创新”的科学热潮。本单元以“谈论发明物的历史及用途”为话题,涉及科普知识与技术等内容,是学生最感兴趣的话题之一。写作体裁多为说明文,写好这类文章一定要抓住事物的特征、功能和用途。在中考中,说明文一般要按照“总一分”结构或并列结构布局,而且在说明一件事物的时候,应按照一定的顺序:如时间顺序、空间顺序或逻提职序等。
体裁:说明文
时态:以一般现在时为主
人称:第三人称。
思路:1. What’s it and when was it invented?
2. What’s it used for?
3. What does it look like?
4. How does it work?
5. How much is it?
【词汇积累】
一、发明与创造
1. invention发明物n. 2.invent发明;创造v 3.innovation创新n 4.innovator创新者n.
5.innovate创新v. 6.scientist科学家n. 7.engineer工程师n. 8.create创造;创建v.
9.creative有创造力的adj. 10.creator创造者n. 11.discovery发现n.
12.wood/gold/silver/paper/silk/glass材质n.
13. be made of/from/in/to/for用......做成的、产地、用途......、用来做......
二、科技产品与设备
1.technology技术n 2.device设备;装置n. 3.gadget小器具;小玩意n. 4.smartphone智能手机n.
5.robot机器人n. 6.battery电池n. 7.bulb电灯泡;电灯n. 8.electricity电n.
9.microwave oven微波炉n. 10.solar power太阳能n.
三、科技过程与方法
1.research研究n. & v. 2.experiment实验n. & v. 3.develop开发;研制v. 4.design设计n. & v.
四、科技影响与评价
1.impact影响n. & v. 2.advantage优势n. 3.innovation创新n. 4.innovator创新者n.
5. widely广泛地adv. 6. advance发展;进步 v. 7. benefit 利益;益处n.
8. pioneering开创性的adj. 9. addiction 成瘾n. 10. evolution演化n.
【句式积累】
1.我最爱的......是..... My favorite ...is...
2.它是......的 It’s made of .....
3. 它是用来..... It is used for....
4.我的发明是一个....... My invention is a/an....
5.科技会如何影响我们的生活呢? How does technology influence our life ?
6.手机正变得越来越重要。你知道手机的历史吗?
Cell phones are becoming more and more important. Do you know the history of cell phones?
7.你认同吗?如今的生活就是科技使得生活更便捷。
Do you agree? Today's life is that technology makes life easier.
8.许多发明都改变了我们的生活。 Many inventions change our life.
9.在我看来,互联网是一个很有用的发明,它对我的生活影响最大。
As far as I'm concerned, the Internet is a useful invention and it influences my life most.
10.大家好。让我和你分享一些关于移动支付的事情。
Hello, everyone. Let me share something with you about the mobile payment.
【范文欣赏】
This special pen was invented by Liu Jie. It has three colors and is used for taking notes quickly. It is very useful if you have a lot to write down. The pen comes with a microchip that can store a list of common words that you will use. You can program the words you will use often into the microchip's memory, then assign a short form to each word. When you are writing, you just need to write the short forms with the pen, press a button on the pen and all short forms will change into the actual words. The microchip can contain up to 50 words and you can make changes to the list of words whenever you need to.You must want to know how much my new invention is. It’s 500 yuan. It’s not very expensive, is it?I think the pen is so convenient and helpful .I believe you will also be happy with it.They are going to change your homework completely .
$