Unit 4 Traveller’s tales一-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册期末词汇复习（沪教版）

期末词汇复习 必修第三册·沪教版（上海教育出版社）·Unit4 Travellers'tales 一、重点单词详解 1:guideline 一、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：guide(v.指导：带领n.向导) 复合词：guideline(由guide+line构成，字面义”指导线，引申为”准则) 动词：guide/gard/(v.指导；引导) 名词：guidance/gardns/(n.指导；引导) 用法与常见搭配 动词搭配：follow a guideline(遵循准则)；establish/set guidelines(制定准则) 介词搭配：guidelines for sth.(关于某事的准则)；guidelines on how to do sth.(如何做某 事的指导方针) 三、拓展用法 可数名词：通常用复数形式guidelines,如safety guidelines(安全准则) 2:enthusiasm 一、构词法（词性转换） 词根：enthuse(v.充满热情) 形容词：enthusiastic /In,ju:zi'estk/（adj.热情的；热心的) 副词：enthusiastically/in,ju:zi'estrkli/(adv.热情地) 名词：enthusiasm（由enthusiastic去-tic+-asm构成) 、 用法与常见搭配 介词搭配：enthusiasm for sth.(对某事的热情)；with enthusiasm（热情地) 动词搭配：show/have enthusiasm(表现出/有热情)；arouse/.stimulate enthusiasm(激发热 情) 辨析 enthusiasm vs.passion:均可表示”热情”，enthusiasm侧重对事物的积极兴趣和投入； passion语气更强，指强烈的情感或激情，如a passion for music(对音乐的热爱) 3:involve 一、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：volve(滚动，如evolve进化) 形容词：involved/I'vDlvd(adj.参与的；复杂的) 名词：involvement /in'vplvment/(n.参与；牵连) 二、用法与常见搭配 常见结构：involve doing sth.(包含做某事)；involve sb.in(doing)sth.(使某人参与某 事) 介词搭配：be involved in(参与；牵涉到) 三、拓展用法 熟词生义：表示”需要”，如The job involves a lot of travel..(这份工作需要经常出差。) 4:employ 一、 构词法（词性转换， 名词：employment /im'plommant/(n.就业；雇用)；employee/m'plri:/(n.雇员)：employer m'plIa(①/(n.雇主) 形容词：employed/m'ploId/(adj.被雇用的)；nemployed/,m'plord/(adj.失业的) 二、用法与常见搭配 动词搭配：employ sb.as（雇用某人为…)；employ sth.to do sth.(使用某物做某事) 介词搭配：in employment（在就业中)；out ofemployment(失业) 三、辨析 employ vs..hire vs.engage:三者均有”雇用”之意，employ指较正式的长期雇用；hire侧 重短期或临时雇用，如hire a car(租车)；engage指专业人员的聘用，如engage a lawyer (聘请律师) 5:challenge 、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：challenging/tfaelrnd3/(adj.具有挑战性的) 名词：challenger/tfaelind3a()/(n.挑战者) 、 用法与常见搭配 动词搭配(n.):face/meet a challenge(面对/迎接挑战)；take on a challenge(接受挑战) 动词搭配(v.)：challenge sb.to sth.（向某人挑战某事)；challenge sth.（质疑某事的真实 性或合法性) 常见搭配：a challenging task(一项具有挑战性的任务) 三、拓展用法 熟词生义(v.):质疑，如challenge the decision(质疑这个决定) 6:inspire 一、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：piit(n.精神) 名词：inspiration/,msp3'ren/(n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事) 形容词：inspired/m'sparad/（adj.受启发的；有灵感的)；inspiring /m'spaI/(adj.鼓 舞人心的) 副词：inspiringly/n'spararmli/（adv.鼓舞人心地) 用法与常见搭配 动词搭配：inspire sb.to do sth.(激励某人做某事)：be inspired by(受…启发) 常见搭配：an inspiring speech(一场鼓舞人心的演讲)；draw inspiration from（从.中 汲取灵感) 三、辨析 inspire vs.encourage:inspire侧重通过榜样或精神力量激发灵感或热情；encourage指给 予支持或信心，促使某人行动，如encourage sb.to study(鼓励某人学习) 7:concept 构词法（词性转换） 词根：ceive(拿，如receive接收) 动词：conceive /kan'si:v/(v.构想；怀孕) 形容词：conceptual /kan'septfual/(adj.概念上的) 二、 用法与常见搭配 介词搭配：the concept of sth.（…的概念) 动词搭配：develop/form a concept（形成/构思一个概念)；grasp/nde1 stand a concept(理 解一个概念) 三、辨析 concept vs.idea:concept指抽象的、系统性的？概念”，如the concept of time(时间概 念)；idea泛指？想法；主意”，更口语化，如have an idea(有个主意) 8:construct 一、构词法（词性转换） 词根：struct(建造，如structure结构) 名词：construction/kn'strakfn/(n.建造；建筑物) 形容词：constructive /kan'straktrv./(adj山.建设性的；有益的) 二、用法与常见搭配 动词搭配(v.):construct sth.fiom/out of sth.（用某物建造某物)；construct a theory(构 建一个理论) 名词搭配(n.):a new construct(一个新的构想) 常见搭配：construction site（建筑工地)；constructive suggestions(建设性的建议) 三、辨析 construct vs.build vs..erect:三者均有”建造”之意，construct强调有计划、有步骤地 建造，多用于大型建筑或抽象事物（如理论）：bld为常用词，可指建造具体事物或 抽象事物（如build a house/build a career);erect侧重将某物竖直建立起来，如erect a monument(竖立纪念碑) 9:specific 、构词法（词性转换） 词根：spec（看，如inspect) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The company has established strict_for employee behavior in the office. A)guideline B)guidelines C)guiding D)guided 2.Herfor painting led her to take art classes every weekend. A)enthusiastic B)enthusiasm C)enthusiastically D)enthusiast 3.The projectworking closely with a team of international experts. A)involves B)involves to C)involve D)involving 4.The factory_over 200 workers to meet the increasing production demands. A)employs B)hires C)engages D)fires 5.Climbing Mount Everest is a greatfor experienced mountaineers. A)challenging B)challenge C)challenged D)challenger 6.The teacher's encouraging words_the students to work harder for their dreams. A)encouraged B)inspired C)persuaded D)forced 7.It took me a long time to grasp the of quantum physics. A)concept B)idea C)thought D)opinion 8.The ancient Romans_many roads and bridges across Europe. A)built B)erected C)constructed D)made 9.Could you be moreabout your plans for the coming summer vacation? A)specific B)specially C)specification D)specify 10.The new policy aims to increase public in environmental protection activities. A)involve B)involvement C)involved D)involving (二)根据提示补全句子(6题) 1.She gave an(inspire)speech that motivated everyone in the room 2.The(construct)of the new hospital will be completed by the end of next year. 3.His(enthusiastic)for science led him to pursue a career in research. 4.We need to_(dear)define the goals before starting the project.(提示：specific的副词 形式) 5.The (employ)rate in this city has increased by 5%compared to last year. 6.Parents should encourage their children's(involve)in sports and other outdoor activi- ties. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Before starting the experiment,read the safety gcarefully. 2.The team showed great e in preparing for the upcoming competition. 3.This job ia lot of travel,so you need to be flexible with your schedule. 4.The company is looking to e more engineers to expand its technical department. 5.Overcoming difficulties is a necessary part of facing life's c_. 6.Many artists draw ifrom nature when creating their works 7.The c_of"smart cities"focuses on using technology to improve people's lives 8.The government plans to c_a new railway line connecting the two cities. 9.Please provide sexamples to support your argument in the essay. 10.The manager emphasized the importance of team i in decision-making processes. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BB AA BB AC A B 2.补全句子答案： 1.inspiring 2.construction 3.enthusiasm 4.specifically 5.employment 6.involvement 3.首字母填空答案： 1.guidelines 2.enthusiasm 3.involves 4.employ 5.challenges 6.inspiration 7.concept 8. construct 9.specific 10.involvement 英语词汇复习手册·必修第三册·Unit4 Travellers'tales一