Unit 1 The media and the message三-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（沪教版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·沪教版（上海教育出版社）·Unit1 Themed iaandthem essage三 一、重点单词详解 1:outlook 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.人生观；见解：前景 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：look(v.看；看待) 前缀：out(向外：超出) 合成词：outlook(向外看的视角→见解；前景) 三、用法与常见搭配 world outlook(世界观) positive/negative outlook(积极/消极的态度) outlook on life(人生观〉 economic outlook(经济前景) 四、重点辨析 outlook vs.perspective outlook侧重对事物的总体看法或未来前景；perspective侧重从特定角度看待问题的观 点。 例句：Her positive outlook on life helped her overcome difficulties.(她积极的人生观帮助 她克服困难。) 2:comprehension 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.理解力：领悟能力 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：prehens(take,抓握) 动词：comprehend/komprI'hend/(vt.理解；领会) 形容词：comprehensive/,komprI'hensrv/(adj.全面的；综合的) 名词：comprehension(由comprehend+-sion构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 reading comprehension(阅读理解) beyond comprehension(难以理解) develop comprehension skills(培养理解能力) 四、拓展用法 反义词：miscomprehension(n.误解) 派生词：comprehensible(adj.可理解的) 3:transition 、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.过渡；转变；变革 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：tns-(穿过；转变)+ition(名词后缀) 动词：transition/en'zn/（vi.过渡：转变) 形容词：transitional/hren'zI fanl/(adj.过渡的；转型的) 三、用法与常见搭配 transition from.to..（从…过渡到…) smooth t ransition女（平稳过渡) period of transition(过渡期) transition into a new role(转变为新角色) 四、重点辨析 transition vs.transformation transition侧重过程中的渐变；transformation侧重结果的彻底改变。 4:dramatic 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.引人注目的；突然的；巨大的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：drama（n.戏剧) 副词：dramatically/dra'mnaetrkli/(adv.显著地；戏剧性地) 名词：drama(n.戏剧；戏剧性事件) 三、 用法与常见搭配 dramatic change(巨大变化) dramatic effect(戏剧效果) dramatic increase/decrease（显著增长/下降) dramatically improve(显著改善) 四、拓展用法 派生词：dramatize(vt.使戏剧化；夸张描述) 5:spontaneous 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.自然的；自发的：非筹划安排的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：spont(=of one's own free will,自愿) 副词：spontaneously/sppn'terniasli/(adv.自发地；自然地) 名词：spontaneity/,sppnte'nerati/(n.自发性；自然) 三、用法与常见搭配 spontaneous reaction(自发反应) spontaneous applause(自发掌声) spontaneous behavior(自然行为) 四、重点辨析 spontaneous vs.impulsive spontaneous强调自然流露；impulsive侧重冲动、未经思考。 6:unscripted 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.(演讲、广播等)无底稿的；未详细准备的 、 构词法（词性转换） 前缀：n-(否定)+script(n.稿子)+-ed（形容词后缀) 动词：script /skrrpt/(t.为…写剧本；编造) 名词：script(n.剧本；稿子) 三、 用法与常见搭配 unscripted speech(即兴演讲) unscripted conversation（自然对话) 反义词：scripted(adj.有脚本的) 四、拓展用法 派生词：screenplay(n.电影剧本) 7:rhythm 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.节奏；韵律；律动 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：rhythmic/'rmk/(adj.有节奏的；韵律的) 副词：hythmically/'IOmikli/(adv.有节奏地) 三、用法与常见搭配 sense of rhythm(节奏感) hythm of1ife(生活节奏) musical rhythm(音乐节奏) hythmic movement(有节奏的运动) 四、拓展用法 派生词：arrhythmia(n.[医学]心律不齐，前缀a-表”无) 8:capture 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.表达，刻画，描述；俘虏；俘获 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：capt(-take,抓握) 名词：capture/kept(/(n.捕获；刻画) 形容词：captive'kaeptrv/（adj.被俘虏的；受控制的) 三、用法与常见搭配 capture sb.'s attention(吸引某人注意) ca即pture the essence of(刻画…的本质) capture a moment（捕捉瞬间) the capture of the city（城市的占领) 四、重点辨析 capture vs.seize capture侧重”捕获”抽象事物（如情感、画面)；seize侧重”夺取”具体物品或机会。 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.Her positive on life helps her stay optimistic even in difficult times. A)outlook B)perspective C)comprehension D)transition 2.The from traditional farming to modern agriculture has taken decades in this region. A)transformation B)transition C)capture D)rhythm 3.The novel'splot twists kept readers on the edge of their seats until the end. A)spontaneous B)unscripted C)dramatic D)rhythmic 4.Reading_exercises are essential for improving language learning efficiency. A)comprehension B)comprehensibility C)miscomprehension D)comprehensive 5.The sudden rainstorm caused a increase in river levels,leading to flooding warnings. A)dramatic B)rhythmic C)spontaneous D)transitional 6.Children often show_creativity when given open-ended art materials. A)impulsive B)unscripted C)spontaneous D)dramatic 7.The speech by the student leader moved the audience to tears. A)scripted B)unscripted C)rhythmic D)comprehensive 8.Learning to dance requires a good sense ofand body coordination. A)rhythm B)transition C)capture D)outlook 9.The photographer managed to_the perfect moment when the sun set over the mountains. A)seize B)capture C)script D)transition 10.The country is currently in a_period as it shifts from a planned to a market economy. A)transformative B)transitional C)spontaneous D)comprehensive (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.The government is working to ensure a smooth(transition)from coal energy to renew- able sources. 2.The teacher praised the student's_(comprehend)of the complex scientific concept 3.The city has undergone(drama)changes since the new subway system was built. 4.She answered the interview questions_(spontaneous)without any preparation. 5.The(script)dialogue in the play felt artificial and lacked realism 6.Regular exercise helps maintain the(rhythm)of a healthy lifestyle 7.The artist's painting(capture)the essence of rural life in the 19th century. 8.His(impulse)decision to quit his job surprised everyone around him (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.A positive o_on life can reduce stress and improve mental health. 2.The book's content was beyond my c_,so I had to read it twice. 3.The t from winter to spring brings warmer weather and blooming flowers. 4.The team made a dcomeback in the second half of the game,winning by two points. 5.The audience broke into sapplause when the musician finished the performance. 6.The talk show features uconversations with celebrities,making it more authentic 7.Learning to play the drums requires a strong sense of r 8.The photographer used a fast shutter speed to cthe bird in flight. 9.The company's new policy aims to improve staff cof company goals 10.The country is in a period oft reforms to modernize its education system. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AB C AAC B A BB 2.补全句子答案： 1.transition 2.comprehension 3.dramatic 4.spontaneously 5.scripted 6.rhythm 7.cap- tures/captured 8.impulsive 3.首字母填空答案： 1.outlook 2.comprehension 3.transition 4.dramatic 5.spontaneous 6.unscripted 7.rhythm 8.cap- ture 9.comprehension 10.transitional 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit1 The media and the message三