Unit 3 Choices三-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册期末词汇复习（沪教版）

期末词汇复习 必修第一册·沪教版（上海教育出版社）·Unit3 Choices三 一、 重点单词详解 1:prove 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v,) 核心义：v.证明；证实 二、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：prover/'pvm/(adj.被证实的；公认的)：probable /'prDbabl/(adji.可能的，由 词根prob-测试”派生) 名词：proof/pu:f(n.证据；证明，由prove去e加f构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 prove+that从句（证明…） prove sb.wrong/innocent(证明某人错误/无辜) prove+adj.(证明是…，此时prove为系动词) prove sth..tosb.(向某人证明某事) 常见搭配：scientifically proven(科学证实的)；prove one's point(证明自己的观点) 四、拓展用法 主动表被动：The theory proved(tobe)correct.(这一理论证明是正确的，不用被动语态) proof相关搭配：a proof of(…的证据)；waterproof(防水的，名词+后缀构成形容 词)》 2:establish 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.查实；建立；设立 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：establishment /I'staeblIfment/(n.建立；机构，动词+ment名词后缀) 形容词：established'staeblr/(adj.已建立的；公认的，动词+ed形容词后缀) 三、用法与常见搭配 establish a company/.school（建立公司/学校) establish the truth/facts(查实真相/事实) establish oneself as(确立…的地位，如establish oneself as a leader) 常见搭配：be firmly established(牢固确立的)；establish good relations（建立良好关系) 四、拓展用法 同义词辨析：establish强调“初创并稳固存在”，fomd侧重打下基础”，set up口语化 更强（如set up a tent) 3:permit 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.)；名词(n.) 核心义：v.允许：准许；n.许可证 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：permission/p3'mrn/(n.允许；许可，动词去t加sion名词后缀) 形容词：permissible/p'msbl/(adj.允许的，名词+ible形容词后缀) 三、 用法与常见搭配 permit sb.to do sth.（允许某人做某事，主动语态) be permitted to do sth.(被允许做某事，被动语态) permit doing sth.（允许做某事，后接动名词) 名词搭配：a driving permit(驾驶执照)；without permit(未经许可) 四、拓展用法 语法注意：permit作动词时，主句为一般现在时，宾语从句用将来时需用will do”而非 would do”;作名词时重音在首音节 4:assume 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.假定；假设；认为 、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：assumption /e'sAmp/(n.假定；承担，动词去e加ption名词后缀) 形容词：assuming/a'sju:mr四/(adj.傲慢的；假定的)；assumed /a'sju:md/(adj.假定的， 动词+ed形容词后缀) 三、用法与常见搭配 assume+that从句（假定…) assume sb.tobe(假定某人为…，如assume him to be innocent) assume responsibility（承担责任，正式用语) 常见搭配：it is assumed that（人们认为…，固定句型)；make an assumption（做出假 设) 四、拓展用法 同义词辨析：assume侧重缺乏证据的假定，presume强调基于概率的推测”，suppose 常用于口语认为” 5:legally 、 核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：adv.合法地 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：law(n.法律) 形容词：legal/'i:g山(adj.法律的；合法的，law去w加e+al形容词后缀) 副词：legally（形容词+ly副词后缀) 反义词：illegal'li:gl/(ad.非法的，前缀l-表否定)；illegally /I'li:gali/(adv.非法地) 三、用法与常见搭配 legally binding(具有法律约束力的) legally responsible（法律上负责的) legally speaking（从法律角度讲) 常见搭配：act legally(依法行事)：legally protected(受法律保护的) 四、拓展用法 语境运用：在法律文书中，常用legally entitled to”表示“依法有权…” 6:retired “、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.已退休的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：retire/'taIa(r)/(v.退休；退职，Ie-前缀表“▣+t位e疲惫”) 名词：retirement/I'tarement//(n.退休，动词+ment名词后缀) 现在分词：retiring/i'tarerm/（adj.即将退休的；孤僻的) 三、用法与常见搭配 a retired teacher(退休教师，前置定语) be retired from(从…退休，如retired from the army) retired life(退休生活) 常见搭配：early retirement(提前退休)：1 etire at60(60岁退休) 四、拓展用法 语法注意：retired指“已退休的状态”，1 etiring强调“正在退休的过程？或性格孤僻的 7:ignore 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.忽视；不理睬 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：ignorance/'Ignerens/,(n.无知；忽视，形容词ignorant去ant加ance名词后缀) 形容词：ignorant/'Ignerent/(adj.无知的；不知道的，ignore去e加ant形容词后缀) 用法与常见搭配 ignore sb./sth.(忽视某人/某事，直接接宾语) ignore the fact that（忽视…的事实) 常见搭配：be ignorant of about(对…无知，形容词短语)：ignore advice/warnings(忽 视建议警告) 四、拓展用法 同义词辨析：ignore强调故意不理睬'，neglect侧重“因粗心未关注”，overlook指因 疏忽遗漏” 8:regard 核心考点 词性：动词(v)；名词(n.) 核心义：v.注意；看待：n.尊重；问候 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：regardless'ga:dlas/(ad.不管怎样的，名词+less否定后缀) 副词：regardless/'ga:ds/(adv.不管怎样〉 三、 用法与常见搭配 regard sb./sth.as（把…视为…，如regard him as a friend) pay regard to(注意；关注，原词表短语) send1 egards to（向…问好，名词用法) 常见搭配：in/with regard to(关于…，正式用语)；regardless of(不管…，介词短 语) 四、拓展用法 语法注意：regard作“看待”时不用于进行时；regardless of后接名词或动名词，如 regardless of the cost(不顾成本) 9:assume 一、补充拓展用法 固定句型：assuming that(假设…，引导条件状语从句，如Assuming that it rains tomorrow,we'll stay at home) 易混词对比：assume vs.consume(消费)：词形相近但词根不同，assume来自sumere拿 取，consume来自sumere耗尽？ 10:establish 一、补充拓展用法 同义词辨析：establish强调初创并稳固存在，found侧重打下基础”，set up口语化 更强（如set up a tent) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择（10题) 1.The new evidence finally that he was innocent of the crime. A)proved B)established C)assumed D)permitted 2.Our school plans to_a new club for students interested in environmental protection. A)set up B)establish C)found D)build 3.According to the sign,smoking is not in this public area. A)permitted B)permissible C)permission D)permitting 4.It is_that the project will be completed by the end of next month. A)assumed B)assuming C)assumption D)assumed 5.speaking,the contract will take effect once both parties sign it. A)Legal B)Legally C)Illegal D)Illegally 6.My grandfather has beenfor five years and now enjoys gardening every day. A)retiring B)retire C)retired D)retirement 7.It is unwise tothe doctor's advice when you have a serious illness. A)ignore B)neglect C)overlook D)abandon 8.Most peopleEinstein as one of the greatest scientists in history. A)regard B)regard to C)consider to D)treat 9.that the weather is fine tomorrow,we will go hiking in the mountains. A)Assuming B)Assumed C)Assuming that D)Assume 10.The company has_a good reputation for quality service since it was founded in 1990. A)established B)found C)set up D)built (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.The(establish)of the new hospital will improve medical services in the area. 2.You need to ask for(permit)before taking photos in this museum. 3.His(assume)that she would help turned out to be wrong 4.(retire)people often have more time to pursue their hobbies. 5.The law (legal)protects the rights of every citizen. 6.Her (ignore)of the waming signs led to the accident. 7.He sent his(regard)to his grandparents in the countryside 8.The theory _(prove)to be correct after years of research. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.It is difficult to the truth without enough evidence. 2.The government has_the construction of a new highway in this region. 3.Don't that you know everything-there is always more to learn 4.A driving is required to operate a motor vehicle in most countries. 5.of the bad weather,the outdoor concert will still be held as planned. 6.The old man has been from teaching for over a decade. 7.It is to drive without a seatbelt in many places. 8.The scientist spent years trying tohis theory about black holes. 9.The company aims toitself as a leader in the tech industry. 10.I_you will succeed if you keep working hard. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A BAAB CAAAA 2.t补全句子答案：1.establishment2.permission3.assumption4.Retired5.legally6. ignorance 7.regards 8.proved 3.首字母填空答案：1.establish2.permitted3.assume4.permit5.Regardless6.retired7. illegal 8.prove 9.establish 10.guarantee 英语词汇复习手册·必修第一册·Unit3 Choices三