Unit 2 Things that matter二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册期末词汇复习（沪教版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第三册·沪教版（上海教育出版社）·Unit2 Thingst hatm atter二 一、重点单词详解 1:astonish 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.使十分惊讶；使大为惊奇 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：astonishing'stonifu/(令人惊讶的)；astonished/A'stonI/（感到惊讶的) 名词：astonishment/月stont fment/(惊讶) 三、常见搭配 astonish sb.使某人惊讶 be astonished at//by sth.对某事感到惊讶 in astonishment惊讶地 四、重点辨析 astonish(语气较强，强调意外)vs.surprise(普通用词，程度较轻) 例：The news astonished everyone.(消，息令所有人震惊) He was surprised by the gift.(他对礼物感到惊喜) 2:criterion 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.标准；准则(pl.criteria) 构词法（复数形式） 不规则复数：criterion→criteria（而非criterions) The main criteria for evaluation are accuracy and clarity. 三、常见搭配 meet the criterion符合标准 evaluation criteria评估标准 例：This proposal fails to meet our criteria, 3:submit 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.呈递；屈服 二、构词法（派生词） 名词：submission/sab'mrn/(提交；屈服) 形容词：submissive/sab'mIsIV/(顺从的) 三、常见搭配 submit sth.tosb.向某人提交某物 submit to sth.屈服于某事 You must submit the report to the manager by Friday. She refused to submit to pressure. 4:initial 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.)、名词(n.) 核心义：adj.最初的；n.首字母 二、 构词法（词性转换） 副词：initially'rali/(最初) 动词：initiate个nIfiert/(发起；开始) 三、常见搭配 initial stage初始阶段 initials（姓名首字母) The project was successful in its initial stage Please sign your initials here. 5:guilty 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：adj.感到内疚的；有罪的 二、构词法（派生词） 名词：gilt/grt/（内疚；罪行) 副词：guiltily/grltrli/（内疚地) 三、常见搭配 feel guilty about sth.对某事感到内疚 be guilty of sth.犯有某罪 例：She felt guilty about lying to her parents He was found guilty of theft. 6:delay 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词（v.) 核心义：n.延迟；v.耽搁 二、构词法（词性转换） 既可作名词也可作动词 例：There was a delay in the flight.(n.) Don't delay sending the email.(v.) 三、常见搭配 without delay立即 delay doing sth.推迟做某事 例：The problem must be solved without delay.. 7:applicant 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.申请人 二、构词法（词根） 动词：apply /e'plar/(申请；应用) 名词：application/,eplI'kerfn/(申请；应用) 三、常见搭配 job applicant求职者 applicant for sth.…的申请人 We received over 100 applicants for the position. 8:pour 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.倾盆而下；倒 二、常见搭配 pour down(雨)倾盆而下 pour into涌入 例：The rain poured down all night. People poured into the hall 三、重点辨析 pour(液体/人流大量移动)vs.fow（自然流动，如河流) 例：Tears poured down her face The river flows into the sea. 9:virus 一·、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.病毒 二、构词法（相关词汇） 近义词：bacteria/bek'tia/（细菌，pl.) 派生词：viral/varl/(adj.病毒的；病毒性的) 三、常见搭配 flu virus流感病毒 viral infection病毒感染 例：The virus spreads through the air. 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The news that he won the Nobel Prize the whole world. A)surprised B)astonished C)interested D)moved 2.The main_for choosing a university include teaching quality and campus facilities. A)criterion B)criterions C)criteria D)standard 3.All applicants must_their materials to the admission office by the end of this month A)submit B)apply C)provide D)offer 4.In the_stage of the project,we need to collect as much data as possible. A)initial B)final C)middle D)last 5.She felt about not telling her parents the truth A)guilty B)ashamed C)sorry D)sad 6.The flight was due to bad weather,causing many passengers to wait at the airport. A)delayed B)canceled C)stopped D)ended 7.Over 200have applied for the position in our company. A)applicants B)apply C)applications D)applying 8.When the concert ended,people_out of the hall quickly A)flowed B)poured C)walked D)moved 9.Thespread quickly among the students,so the school had to close for a week. A)virus B)bacteria C)disease D)illness 10.You must solve this problem_to avoid further losses. A)with delay B)without delay C)slowly D)carefully (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.To our great(astonish),the little boy solved the difficult math problem 2.The company has strict(criterion)for selecting new employees. 3.The(submit)of the report should be done before Friday. 4.(initial),I thought the task was easy,but it tumned out to be quite challenging 5.She couldn't hide her(guilt)when her mother asked about the broken vase. 6.The-(apply)form must be filled out in black ink 7.After the heavy rain,water_(pour)down the mountain,causing a small flood 8.The doctor said the patient was suffering from a_(virus)infection. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The magician's performance a the audience,who couldn't believe their eyes 2.What cdo you use to judge a good movie? 3.All students must s_their homework to the teacher before leaving school. 4.In the i of the meeting,the manager introduced the new project. 5.He felt g after lying to his best friend. 6.Due to the traffic jam,the meeting was d by an hour. 7.There are over 50 afor the teaching position. 8.When the door opened,the crowd p into the store for the sale 9.The flu v is spreading rapidly in winter,so remember to wear a mask. 10.The company's success is based on its high sof product quality. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BCAAAAABAB 2.补全句子答案： 1.astonishment 2.criteria 3.submission 4.Initially 5.guilt 6.application 7.poured 8.viral 3.首字母填空答案： 1.astonished 2.criteria 3.submit 4.initial 5.guilty 6.delayed 7.applicants 8.poured 9. virus 10.standards 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第三册·Unit2 Things that matter二