Unit 3 Paying the price二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册期末词汇复习（沪教版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第一册·沪教版（上海教育出版社）·Unit3 Payingt heprice.二 一、重点单词详解 1:respectively 一、核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：adv.分别：各自：顺序为：依次为 、二、构词法（词汇变形） 词根：respect(vm.尊敬；重视) 形容词：respective(adj.分别的；各自的) 副词：respectively（由respective+-ly构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 1.置于句尾，指代前文提到的多个主体的对应关系，如： She gave Mary and Tom a book and a pen respectively.（她分别给了玛丽一本书、给了汤 姆一支笔。) 2.与”数词+名词”结构搭配，明确顺序，如： The first and second prizes went to Li Ming and Zhang Wei respectively.(一等奖和二等奖 分别由李明和张伟获得。) 四、重点辨析 易混词：respectfully(av.恭敬地) 例：He bowed respectfully.(他恭敬地鞠躬。) respectively强调”对应关系”，respectfully强调”态度恭敬”。 2:stimulate 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.促进；激发：激励 二、构词法（词汇变形） 词根：stimul-（刺，激发) 名词：stimulation(n.刺激；激励)：stimulus(n.刺激物；促进因素，复数stimuli) 形容词：stimulating(adj.令人兴奋的；有启发性的) 三、用法与常见搭配 l.接名词作宾语：stimulate economic growth(促进经济增长)；stimulate interest(激发 兴趣) 2.接不定式作宾补：stimulate sb.to do sth.(激励某人做某事) 例：The teacher stimulated students to think independently..（老师激励学生独立思考。) 3.常见搭配：stimulate demand(刺激需求)：stimulate creativity(激发创造力) 3:abstract 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.)、名词(n.) 核心义：adj.抽象的；n.概念；观念 二、构词法（词汇变形） 名词：abstraction(n.抽象；提取) 反义词：concrete(adj.具体的) 三、用法与常见搭配 l.作形容词：abstract ideas(抽象概念)；abstract art(抽象艺术) 2.作名词：in the abstract（抽象地；在理论上) 例：It's hard to understand in the abstract.(从理论上理解很难。) 3.作动词：abstract..fom.…(从…中提取) 例：They abstracted metal from ore.（他们从矿石中提取金属。) 4:ideal 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad)、名词(n.) 核心义：adj.完美的；理想的；最合适的；n.理想；典范 二、构词法（词汇变形） 名词：idealism(n.理想主义)；idealist(n.理想主义者) 副词：ideally(adv.理想地；完美地) 三、用法与常见搭配 l.作形容词：an ideal solution(理想的解决方案)；ideal weather(宜人的天气) 2.作名词：follow one's ideal(追求理想)；the ideal of freedom(自由的理想) 3.固定搭配：be ideal for(适合…) 例：This house is ideal for a large family.(这所房子适合大家庭。) 5:quote “、 核心考点 词性：动词(.)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.引用：引述：n.引文：语录 二、构词法（词汇变形） 名词：quotation(n.月引用语；报价单) 过去式/过去分词：quoted;现在分词：quoting 三、用法与常见搭配 1.作动词： -quote sb.sth.(引用某人/某物) 例：He quoted Shakespeare in his speech..(他在演讲中引用了莎士比亚的话。) -quote.as saying（☑引述…的话) 例：She was quoted as saying the policy would change.(她被引述称政策将会改变。) 2.作名词：a famous quote(名言)：quotes from the Bible(《圣经》语录) 6:available 一、核心考点 词性：形容词（ad山.) 核心义：adj.可获得的：可购得的：可找到的 构词法（词汇变形） 动词：avail(v.利用；有益于，常见搭配avail oneself of) 名词：availability(n.可获得性；可用性) 反义词：navailable(adj.不可获得的) 三、用法与常见搭配 l.作表语：Tickets are available online.(门票可在线购买。) 2.作定语：available resources（可用资源)；available time(空闲time) 3.固定搭配：be available for(可用于…)；be available to(对…可获得) 例：The doctor is available for consultation tomorrow.(医生明天可以会诊。) 7:specialist 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、形容词(adj.) 核心义：n.专家；adj.专门的 二、构词法（词汇变形） 词根：special(adj.特别的；专门的) 动词：specialize(v.专攻；专门从事，英式specialise) 名词：specialization(n.专业化，英式specialisation) 三、用法与常见搭配 l.作名词：a heart specialist(心脏专家)；a specialist in history(历史专家) 2.作形容词：specialist knowledge(专业知识)：specialist equipment(专用设备) 3.动词搭配：specialize in（专攻…) 例：She specializes in children's literature..（她专攻儿童文学。) 8:ethical 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.合乎道德的；（有关）道德的，伦理的 二、构词法（词汇变形） 名词：ethics(n.伦理学；道德准则) 副词：ethically（adv.合乎道德地) 反义词：unethical(adj.不道德的) 三、用法与常见搭配 l.修饰名词：ethical issues(伦理问题)；ethical behavior(道德行为) 2.固定搭配：ethical standards(道德标准)；ethical dilemma(道德困境) 例：The company faced an ethical dilemma over data privacy.（该公司在数据隐私问题上 面临道德困境。) 9:guarantee 、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v) 核心义：v.保证；担保；保障；n.保证；担保 二、构词法（词汇变形） 过去式/过去分词：guaranteed;现在分词：guaranteeing 三、用法与常见搭配 1.作动词： -guarantee sth.(保证某事) 例：The shop guarantees the quality of its goods.(该店保证商品质量。) -guarantee to do sth..(保证做某事) 例：He guaranteed to finish the work on time.(他保证按时完成工作。) -guarantee that从句 例：We guarantee that you'll be satisfied.(我们保证你会满意。) 2.作名词：a money-back guarantee(退款保证)；nder guarantee(在保修期内) 10:discount 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v) 核心义：n.折扣；v.打折：忽视 一、 构词法（词汇变形） 形容词：discounted(adj山.打折的；已贴现的) 三、用法与常见搭配 1.作名词：a20%discount(20%的折扣)；at a discount(打折；不受重视) 例：Books are sold at a discount in this store.(这家店的书打折出售。) 2.作动词： -discount sth.(给某物打折) 例：The store discounts all winter clothes..(商店给所有冬装打折。) -discount the possibility(忽视可能性) 例：Don't discount the risk of failure.(不要忽视失败的风险。) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The first and second places in the competition were won by Amy and Bob A)respectively B)respectfully C)respectably D)respecting 2.Reading interesting stories can effectively children's imagination. A)stimulate B)abstract C)guarantee D)discount 3.Abstract art often uses shapes and colors rather than_images A)concrete B)ethical C)available D)ideal 4.This new apartment is_for a small family with two children. A)ideal B)abstract C)available D)specialist 5.The professor several research papers to support his argument. A)quoted B)stimulated C)discounted D)abstracted 6.Tickets for the concert will be_on the official website tomorrow. A)available B)ethical C)respective D)guaranteed 7.My sister is a in environmental science and works at a research institute. A)specialist B)stimulation C)quotation D)availability 8.Companies must follow_standards when collecting user data. A)ethical B)abstract C)discounted D)ideal 9.The store a full refund if customers are not satisfied with the product. A)guarantees B)stimulates C)quotes D)specializes 10.We should not_the importance of teamwork in completing this project. A)discount B)guarantee C)quote D)abstract (二)根据提示补全句子（10题) 1.The government has taken measures to_()economic growth. 2.She found it hard to understand_(抽象的)concepts in philosophy.. 3.The_()of world peace has inspired many people. 4.Can you provide a()from the article to support your view? 5.The(可获得性)of fresh water is becoming a global issue 6.He decided to()in artificial intelligence after graduation. 7.The company faced an_(伦理的)problem regarding food safety. 8.The product comes with a two-year (against defects 9.Customers can get a 15%()during the holiday season 10.The two teams scored3and2 goals_(分别地)in the first half. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The twins have different hobbies:Lily likes painting,and Lucy likes music,r 2.Regular exercise can sblood circulation and improve health 3.Unlike abstract art,traditional Chinese painting often focuses on cscenes from nature. 4.This hotel is ifor travelers who prefer a quiet environment. 5.The speaker qa famous saying by Einstein to end his speech 6.These books are only a in the university library,not for sale. 7.A swas invited to give a lecture on cancer treatment. 8.It is important for journalists to follow e guidelines when reporting news. 9.The manufacturer gthat the laptop will work properly for at least five years. 10.The store dall summer clothes by 30%to make room for new arrivals. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AAAAAAAAAA 2.t补全句子答案：stimulate abstract ideal quote availability specialize ethical guarantee discount respectively 3.首字母填空答案：respectively stimulate concrete ideal quoted available specialist ethical guarantees discounts 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第一册·Unit3 Paying the price二