Unit 2 Things that matter三-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册期末词汇复习（沪教版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第三册·沪教版（上海教育出版社）·Unit2 Thingst hatm atter三 一、重点单词详解 1:reputation 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.名誉；名声 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：pute(思考，计算) 形容词：reputable/'repjatabl/(adj.声誉好的；值得信赖的) 动词：1 epute/'pjut(v.认为；称为；n.名誉) 名词：reputation(由repute+-ation构成) 三、 用法与常见搭配 动词(repute) be reputed to be/as（被认为是…) epute sb.as(把某人称为…) 名词（reputation) have/ea/build a good/.bad reputation(有/赢得/树立好/坏名声) damage/ham/uin sb.'s reputation(损害/破坏某人的名誉) enjoy a reputation for(因…享有声誉) live up to one's reputation(不负盛名) 四、重点辨析 reputation VS fame:reputation侧重因品质、行为等形成的评价，可褒可贬；fame侧重 广泛的知名度，多为褒义。 例：He has a reputation for being strict..(他以严格著称。)Her fame spread all over the country.(她的名声传遍全国。) 2:precious 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.珍奇的；珍稀的；宝贵的 二、构词法（词性转换） 近义词：valuable/vaeljuabl/(adj.贵重的；有价值的) 副词：preciously/prefasli/(adv.珍贵地；昂贵地) 名词：preciousness/'prefasnas/(n.珍贵；宝贵) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(precious) precious metals/stones（贵金属/宝石) precious time/nemory(宝贵的时间/记忆) too precious(过于娇贵) be precious to sb.(对某人来说很珍贵) 、四、重点辨析 precious VS valuable:precious强调因稀有、重要而珍贵，情感色彩浓；valuable侧重价 值高，可指物质或非物质价值。 例：The family photo is precious to her.(这张全家福对她很珍贵。)This painting is very valuable.(这幅画很值钱。) 3:comparison 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.比较；比拟 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：compar((e)(v.比较) 动词：compare/kn'pea)/（v.比较；对比) 形容词：comparable/kDmperabl/(adj.可比较的；类似的)；comparative/kan'paratrv/ (adj.比较的；相对的) 名词：comparison（由compare+-ison构成) 三、 用法与常见搭配 动词(compare) compare A with B(把A和B比较) compare A to B(把A比作B) compared with/to(与…相比，置于句首或句末) 名词（comparison) by comparison（相比之下) in comparison with(（与…比较) make a comparison between A and B(比较A和B) bear comparison with（比得上…) 四、拓展用法 固定句型：There's no comparison between A and B.(A和B无法相比。) 例：Compared with last year,our sales have increased.（与去年相比，我们的销售额增长 了。) 4:political 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.政治的；政府的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：politic(s)(n.政治) 名词：politics/'pplatrks/(n.政治；政治学)；politician/,pola't/(n.政治家；政客) 副词：politically/p3'rtki/(adv.政治上；从政) 形容词：political(由politics+-al构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(political) political party/system(政党/政治制度) political situation/issue（政治形势/问题) political leader(政治领袖) political rights（政治权利) 四、拓展用法 派生词辨析：politician指从事政治活动的人，可含贬义；statesman/'stertsman/(n.政治 家)为褒义，指有远见的政治领袖。 例：He has strong political opinions..(他有强烈的政治观点。) 5:dimension 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.方面；侧面；（构成空间的因素)维 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：dimensional/dar'menfenl/(adj.空间的；维度的) 常见短语：hree-dimensional(三维的；立体的) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词(dimension) a new dimension to sth.(某事物的新方面) the social/political dimension(社会/政治方面) in three dimensions（三维地；立体地) 四、拓展用法 多义辨析：表示”维度”时，为可数名词，如length,width and height are the three dimensions of a cube.(长、宽、高是立方体的三个维度。)表示”方面”时，常用复数或单数加不定 冠词。 例：The book explores the cultural dimension of the problem.（这本书探讨了这个问题的文 化方面。) 6:critical 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad.) 核心义：adj.极重要的；关键的；至关重要的；批评的 构词法（词性转换） 词根：critic(n.批评家；评论家) 动词：criticize/'krtsarz/（v.批评；评论) 名词：criticism/'kiItsIzom/(n.批评；评论)；citc(n.批评家) 副词：critically/kitrkli/(adv.关键地；批评地) 形容词：critical（由critic+-al构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(critical) critical moment/decision（关键时刻/决定) be critical of sb./sth.(对某人/某事挑剔；批评) be critical to/.for(对…至关重要) in a critical condition(情况危急) 四、辨析 critical VS crucial:两者均可表示”关键的”，critical还含批评的”含义；crucial强调决 定性作用。 例：Your support is critical to our success.(你的支持对我们的成功至关重要。)This is a crucial point in the argument..(这是论证中的关键一点。) 7:ongoing 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.仍在进行的；持续存在的 二、构词法（词性转换） 构成：om(继续)+going(进行中的)，合成形容词 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(ongoing) ongoing project//discussion（进行中的项目/讨论) ongoing problem/conflict（持续存在的问题/冲突) ongoing research（正在进行的研究) 四、辨析 ongoing VS continuing:ongoing强调从过去开始并持续到现在；continuing侧重不间断 地继续。 例：The ongoing negotiations may take several weeks.(正在进行的谈判可能需要几周时 间。)She has a continuing interest in music.（她对音乐一直保持着兴趣。) 8:secure “、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.)、动词(v.) 核心义：adj.安全的：稳妥的；v.获得；保护 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：security/srkj5rati/(n.安全；保障；证券) 副词：securely/r'kjvali/(adv.安全地；牢固地) 形容词/动词：secure 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(secure) feel secure(感到安全) secure job/ftre(稳定的工作/未来) be secure against/fom(免受…的伤害) 动词（secure) secure sth.for sb.（为某人获得某物) secure a place in the team（在团队中获得一席之地) secure the door(锁好门) 四、辨析 secure VS safe:secure强调心理上的安全感或地位稳固；safe侧重物理上的安全，无危 险。 例：She feels secure in her new home 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The company has built a good_for quality over the past decade. A)reputation B)fame C)repute D)reputable 2.Time is_;we should make full use of every minute. A)valuable B)precious C)priceless D)worthy 3.with traditional methods,the new technology greatly improves efficiency. A)Comparing B)Compare C)Compared D)To compare 4.The report analyzes the issue from both social anddimensions. A)politics B)politician C)political D)politically 5.The project is still,so we need to keep working on it. A)ongoing B)continuing C)continued D)gone 6.It's to find a solution before the deadline;otherwise,the whole plan will fail. A)crucial B)critical C)essential D)urgent 7.She feels in her new neighborhood with friendly neighbors around. A)safe B)secure C)dangerous D)risky 8.The between the two theories shows their different focuses. A)compare B)comparison C)comparable D)comparative 9.Gold and silver are considered metals because of their rarity A)valuable B)precious C)expensive D)costly 10.His_of the government's policy has caused heated discussions A)criticism B)critic C)critical D)criticize (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.The scientist has a good(repute)for her research in environmental protection. 2.We should learn to(comparison)different ideas before making a decision. 3.This diamond ring is very(preciousness)to my mother 4.The novel explores the(politics)changes in the country during the 19th century. 5.The team worked hard to(secure)a victory in the final match. 6.Her(critic)of the plan helped improve its feasibility. 7.The(dimensional)of the problem requires a comprehensive solution. 8.(compare)with city life,rural life is more peaceful. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The school has a good r for academic excellence. 2.Water is p in desert areas,so we must save it. 3.In cwith last term,his grades have improved a lot. 4.The country is facing a serious pcrisis now. 5.The project is still o_,and we expect to finish it next month. 6.This is a c moment for the company's future development. 7.She feels s knowing that her family is always supporting her. 8.The c_between the two products shows that ours is more reliable. 9.The old photo album is pto me because it holds many childhood memories. 10.The new policy will have a great impact on the social and edimensions of our lives. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A B CCA BBBB A 2.补全句子答案： 1.reputation 2.compare 3.precious 4.political 5.secure 6.criticism 7.dimension 8.Com- pared 3.首字母填空答案： 1.reputation 2.precious 3.comparison 4.political 5.ongoing 6.critical 7.secure 8.compar- ison 9.precious 10.economic 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第三册·Unit2 Things that matter三