内容正文:
期末词汇复习
选择性必修第一册·沪教版(上海教育出版社)·Unit2 Making
adifference三
、重点单词详解
1:widespread
一、
核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.分布广的普遍的;广泛的
二、构词法(合成词)
由wide(adj.广泛的)+spread(v.传播;扩散)构成,字面义广泛传播的”,引申为
普遍的”。
三、
必记搭配与例句
作定语:widespread concern(广泛关注)、widespread use(普遍使用)
作表语:The problem is widespread in society..(这个问题在社会中普遍存在。)
四、重点辨析
widespread(强调范围广)vs.common(强调常见性):
This custom is widespread in rural areas.(侧重地域范围)
Colds are common in winter.(侧重发生频率)
2:intention
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.打算;计划;意图;目的
二、构词法(词性转换)
词根:intend(v.打算;想要)
形容词:intentional /m'tenfanl/(adj.故意的;有意的)
副词:intentionally /in'tenfenali/(adv.故意地)
名词:intention(由intend+-ton名词后缀构成)
三、
必记搭配与例句
介词搭配:with the intention of doing sth.(怀着做某事的目的)
动词搭配:have no intention of doing sth.(无意做某事)
经典句型:His intention is to study abroad.(他的打算是出国留学。)
3:energy-efficient
、
核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.节能的
一、
构词法(合成形容词)
由energy(n.能源)+efficient(adj.高效的)构成,字面义”能源高效的”,即”节能的”。
必记搭配与例句
作定语:energy-efficient appliances(节能电器)、ene1gy-efficient buildings(节能建筑)
对比表达:energy-saving(侧重?节省能源’,如energy--saving measures):energy-efficient
(侧重”能源利用效率高)
4:access
一、
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.(使用或见到的)机会;权利;通道;入径
二、构词法(词性转换)
动词:access/aekses//(v.获取;进入)
形容词:accessible/ak'sesabl/(adj.可进入的:易懂的)
三、必记搭配与例句
介词搭配:access to sth.(使用/接近某物的机会或权利)
例:Students have free access to the library.(学生可免费使用图书馆。)
动词搭配:gain/obtain access to(获得…的使用权)
形容词搭配:easy access(便捷的通道)、limited access(有限的机会)
5:perspective
、
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.态度:观点:思考方法
二、构词法(词根词缀)
词根:spect(看,如:inspect检查;respect尊敬)
前缀:pe-(贯穿;完全),字面义”看透”,引申为”全面的看法”,即”观点”。
三、必记搭配与例句
介词搭配:from one's perspective(从某人的角度)
例:From a historical perspective,this event is significant.(从历史角度看,这个事件意义
重大。)
动词搭配:change one's perspective(改变某人的观点)
固定短语:in perspective(正确地;全面地)
6:campaign
「一、核心考点
词性:动词(v.)、名词(n.)
核心义:v.参加运动:n.运动(为社会、商业等目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动)
二、
词性转换与搭配
作名词:a campaign against pollution(反污染运动)、launch a campaign(发起运动)
作动词:campaign for/against sth.(为支持/反对某事而参加运动)
例:They campaigned for women's rights.(他们为女权而奔走。)
三、重点辨析
campaign(有组织、持续性的活动)vs.movement(规模更大、更长期的社会运动)
The campaign to reduce plastic use lasted three months.(侧重短期有计划的行动)
The civil rights movement changed American society.(侧重长期社会变革)
7:conserve
、
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:v.节省;节约
二、
构词法(词性转换)
名词:conservation/,kpnsa'ven/(n.保护;节约)
形容词:conservative/ken's3:vetrv,/(ad.保守的;守I旧的)
三、必记搭配与例句
宾语搭配:conserve energy/water/resources(节约能源/水/资源)
例:We must conserve natural resources for future generations..(我们必须为后代节约自然
资源。)
近义词辨析:conserve(强调”保护以避免浪费或破坏)vs.save(侧重”储蓄或救援?)
8:transform
一、
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:V.使改观;使改变形态
二、构词法(词根词缀)
前缀:rans-(跨越;转变,如:transport运输;transmit传输)
词根:fo(形状;形式),字面义”改变形状”,引申为”彻底改变”。
三、必记搭配与例句
动词搭配:transform A into B(将A转变为B)
例:Technology has transformed our way of life.(科技改变了我们的生活方式。)
名词:transformation/,transfa'meIn/(n.转变;改革)
例:he transformation of the city(城市的改造)
9:involve
一、
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:v.加入;牵涉到
二、词性转换与搭配
形容词:involved /In'vDlvd/(adj.参与的;复杂的)
常见搭配:
·involve sb.in sth.(使某人参与某事)
例:She was involved in organizing the event.(她参与了活动的组织。)
·involve doing sth.(需要做某事)
例:The job involves working long hours.(这份工作需要长时间工作。)
三、经典句型
It involves.(这涉及到…)
例:Learning a language involves practice and patience.(学语言需要练习和耐心。)
10:rewarding
一、核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.值得做的
二、构词法(词性转换)
动词:reward/n'wo:d/(v.奖励;回报)
名词:reward/nwo:d/(n.奖励;回报)
形容词:rewarding(由reward+-ing构成,表”令人有回报的)
三、必记搭配与例句
作表语:Teaching is a rewarding job.(教书是一份值得做的工作。)
作定语:a rewarding experience(有意义的经历)
对比表达:rewarding(侧重”精神上的满足”)vs.profitable(侧重”经济上的收益)
二、词汇巩固练习
(一)单项选择(10题)
1.The widespread use of smart phones has changed people's daily life
A)common
B)widespread
C)usual
D)general
2.She came to the party with the intention of making new friends.
A)attention
B)intention
C)invitation
D)invention
3.Many households now choose energy-efficient appliances to reduce electricity bills.
A)energy-saving
B)energy-efficient
C)energetic
D)energizing
4.Students have free access to the school library during weekdays.
A)access
B)way
C)path
D)entrance
5.From a historical perspective,this decision influenced the country's development.
A)thought
B)idea
C)perspective
D)opinion
6.The local government launched a campaign to promote recycling
A)movement
B)campaign
C)activity
D)meeting
7.We should conserve water resources to protect the environment.
A)save
B)conserve
C)waste
D)store
8.Technology has transformed traditional classrooms into digital learning spaces.
A)changed
B)transformed
C)turned
D)shifted
9.This project involves cooperation between three different departments.
A)includes
B)involves
C)contains
D)holds
10.Volunteering in rural areas is a rewarding experience for many young people.
A)rewarding
B)profitable
C)interesting
D)exciting
(二)根据提示补全句子(6题)
1.His(intend)to start a business after graduation surprised his parents.
2.The company is committed to_(conserve)natural resources through new policies.
3.The(transform)of the old factory into a park took two years
4.She was actively(involve)in organizing the charity event last month.
5.It is important to view the problem_(从历史角度)
6.The new policy aims to improve public_(access)to medical services
(三)首字母填空(10题)
1.The widespread use of online shopping has become a t in recent years
2.With the i oflearning English well,he practices daily
3.Eappliances can help families save a lot of money on energy costs
4.The library provides free ato all students and teachers.
5.From my p,the best way to solve the problem is through communication.
6.The school launched a c_against food waste last week
7.We must cwater to ensure there is enough for future generations.
8.The Internet has t how people work,study,and communicate
9.This job i working with a team of experts from different fields.
10.Helping others can be a r experience that brings inner satisfaction
(四)答案与解析
1.单项选择答案:BBB A C BBBB A
解析1(第1题):
考查widespread的用法。widespread强调范围广,符合句意”智能手机的广泛使用改变
了人们的日常生活?”;common强调常见性,usual强调通常性,general强调普遍性,均
不符合语境,故选B。
解析2(第2题):
考查intention的固定用法。with the intention of doing sth.表示”怀着做某事的日的”,符
合句意”她来参加聚会是为了结交新朋友;attention表示”注意”,nvitation表示”邀
请”,invention表示发明”,均不符合语境,故选B。
解析3(第4题):
考查access的固定用法。have access to sth.表示”有使用/接近某物的机会或权利”,符
合句意”学生在工作日可以免费使用学校图书馆”;wy表示”方式”,path表示”路径”,
entrance表示”入口”,均不符合语境,故选A。
2.补全句子答案:
1.intention 2.conserving 3.transformation 4.involved 5.from a historical perspective 6.
access
3.首字母填空答案:
1.trend 2.intention 3.Energy-efficient 4.access 5.perspective 6.campaign 7.conserve 8
transformed 9.involves 10.rewarding
英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第一册·Unit2 Making a difference三