第04讲 七年级下册Unit 2 No Rules, No Order语法、写作篇（寒假预习讲义）七年级英语新教材人教版

第04讲 七年级下册Unit 2 No Rules, No Order语法、写作篇（寒假预习讲义） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 语法1（祈使句） 知识点1.概念 　　祈使句用于表达命令、劝告、警告、禁止等语气。祈使句中一般省略主语,句末用感叹号或句号,肯定结构常以动词原形开头。 Use your eyes; use your ears. 用眼看,用耳听。 知识点2. 祈使句的肯定句式 (1)Do型(实义动词原形+……) Sit down!坐下! (2)Be型(Be+形容词) Be quiet! 安静点! (3)Let型(Let sb. do...) Let me help you. 让我来帮助你吧。 知识点3. 祈使句的否定句式 (1)祈使句的否定结构以“Don't /Do not+动词原形”开头。 Don't be late. 不要迟到了。 Don't let her disturb you.不要让她干扰你。 (2)以Let's开头的祈使句的否定式为“Let's not”。 Let's not sit here! 我们不要坐在这儿! (3)No型(No+名词/动词-ing形式),通常用于公共场合,意为“禁止做某事”。 NO PHOTOS禁止拍照 NO SMOKING禁止吸烟 用所给词的适当形式填空 1.________ (open) the door, Sara. 2.________ (not be) late for our family dinner. 3.No ________ (talk) in the library! 4.Please ________ (not play) computer games so much, Jim! 5.Be ________ (care)! The knife may hurt you. 6.—Tom, （not）draw on the wall. —Sorry,I won't do it again. 7.Mary, let's______（go） home now. 8.—May I take some pictures here？ —Sorry,you mustn't.Please look at the sign.It says“No,______（photo）”. 9.Boys and girls,______（be）quiet！Class begins！ 10.Let him______（not）open the door.It's too cold. 【答案】1. Open 2. Don’t be 3. talking 4. don’t play 5. careful 6.don't 7.go 8.photos 9.be 10.not 语法2（情态动词can、must与have to） 知识点1. can (1)表示许可。can表示许可时,是may在非正式场合的替代词,可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。否定形式cannot (can't)意为“不能,不可以”,语气比must not(mustn't)弱。 You can't put the sugar first. 你不能先放糖。(没有禁止的含义) (2)表示能力。can表示能力时(即有某种知识和技能而能办到),可与be able to互换,但在将来时和完成时中必须用be able to结构。 Li Wei can sing this song well. 李薇能唱好这首歌。(3)一般情况下,以can开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用can,否定回答用can't。 —Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗? —Yes, you can. 是的,你可以。 —No, you can't. 不,你不可以。 知识点2. must (1)表示“必须,一定要”,侧重主观看法,可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。 (2)其否定形式为must not(mustn't),表示禁止,意为“一定不要,不准,不可”,是强有力的劝告或命令。 Must I pay now?我必须现在付款吗? Cars must not park in front of the entrance. 车辆不得停在入口处。 (3)由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't/don't have to,表示“不必,没有必要”。 —Must I clean the room this afternoon?我必须今天下午打扫房间吗? —Yes, you must. 是的,你必须。 —No, you needn't/don't have to. 不,你不必。 知识点3. must与have to 区别 例句 must侧重于说话者的主观看法 ,认为有必要或有义务去做某事;have to侧重于客 观需要,含有“不得不”之意。 You must be back before 10 o'clock.你必须在十点之前返回。(叮嘱或命令) You have to be back before 10 o'clock because the train is to leave at 10:05.你必须十点之前返回,因为火车十点五分开。(客观需要) 否定形式不同 You mustn't say things like that. 你千万别说那样的话。 You don't have to say things like that. 你不必说那样的话。 must没有人称、时态 和数的变化,而have to有。 The old man has to live alone because his son works in another city. 那位老人不得不独自生活,因为他的儿子在另一个城市工作。 一．填空 1.I ________ (can) play basketball with you. I have too much homework to do. 2.—Can your parents ________ (speak) English? —Yes, they can. 3.You can ________ (swim) in the swimming pool with your friends at the weekend. 4.Slow down, please. You ________ (must) ride so fast in the streets. 5.We have to ________ (put) on our seat belts when we’re in a car. 二、根据句意，用must或have to填空。 1.Jim, you ________ wear your clothes by yourself every morning. 2.—______ I read the book in the reading room? —No, you don’t ______. 3.There is no bus now. I ______ go back home on foot. 4.—Must I finish my homework today? —Yes, you ______. 5.—Mum, can I get up late at the weekend? —Sure. You don’t ______ get up early. 单元写作 本单元的标题是“No Rules, No Order”,话题是“规则”。本单元要求学生使用所学的词汇和句式介绍生活中的各种规则,包括家规、校规以及公共场所(如图书馆)的规则等。在介绍规则时,可以使用情态动词can、must、have to等。 　　该话题对应的书面表达的体裁以说明文和应用文为主,应用文包括信件、公告或演讲稿等。在写作应用文时要符合对应文体的写作格式。 1.写作实例 　　无规矩不成方圆。我们的生活中总是充满了各种各样的规则。假设你们学校组织了一次演讲比赛,请你根据以下提示内容写一篇演讲稿参加这次比赛,介绍你生活中的一些规则。 提示内容:1.介绍你生活中的一些规则(至少4项); 2.表达你对这些规则的观点或看法,并描述你的打算。 写作要求:1.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称; 2.词数80左右。 2.审题指导 1.体裁:应用文(演讲稿)    2.时态:以一般现在时为主    3.人称:以第一人称为主 4.必备词汇: ①tell sb. about sth.告诉某人(关于)某事　 ②in life在生活中　 ③every morning每天早上　 ④have to不得不　 ⑤make one's bed铺床　 ⑥before breakfast早饭前　 ⑦arrive at到达　 ⑧on time按时　 ⑨be late for迟到　 ⑩follow the rules遵守规则 3.谋篇布局 优秀范文 　　Hello, everyone. Today I want to tell you about some rules around me. There are many rules in life! Every morning I have to make my bed before breakfast. I have to arrive at my school on time. I can't be late for school. And I have to wear the uniform. After school I must finish my homework first. I can't hang out with my friends on weekdays. 　　I know it's hard to obey them, but rules can help to make the world better. I will follow the rules because they help me become a better person. 一．选择题 1．Let’s ________ the art museum to enjoy ancient artworks. A．visit B．visits C．visiting D．visited 2．________ the deadline for the term paper, and you’ll avoid unnecessary stress at the end of the semester. A．Meet B．To meet C．Meeting D．If you meet 3．___________ good care of your pet, or it will get sick. A．Take B．To take C．Taking D．Taken 4．—Jason, what can I do with the meal? —Please ________ two tomatoes and then ________. A．peel; cut it up B．peel; cut them up C．pour; cut it up D．pour; cut them up 5．—Hi, Gao Jing! I’m so happy ________ you. —Me too. Come in and ________ my parents. A．see; to meet B．to see; to meet C．seeing; meet D．to see; meet 6．Frank ________ be interested in Chinese folk music, for he has spent 20 years studying it. A．must B．mustn’t C．could D．couldn’t 7．— I’m going to give up running. My feet hurt so much. — Don’t lose heart. Keep practicing. There ________ be a good result if you stick to it. A．can B．mustn’t C．must D．can’t 8．—I’m going to give up learning the guitar. My fingers hurt so much. —Don’t lose heart. Keep practicing. There ________ a good result if you stick to it. A．must be B．mustn’t be C．can be D．can’t be 9．—Must I clean the pigsty now? — ________. You can do it later. A．Yes, you need B．No, you needn’t C．Yes, you must D．No, you mustn’t 10．He ________ go to the market himself because he can buy things online. A．have to B．has to C．don’t have to D．doesn’t have to 11．You ________ tidy up the room now. You can do it later. A．haven’t to B．needn’t to C．don’t need D．don’t have to 二、语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are lots of rules at Sally’s school. She agrees（同意）with some of 1. ________（they）. For example, they can’t arrive late 2. ________ school. They can’t run in 3. ________ hallway, and they can’t eat in class. They must 4. ________（go）to the dining hall to have lunch. All these 5. ________（rule）are okay for Sally because they help students become better. But there are some rules that make Sally 6. ________（happy）. For example, at her school they have to wear uniforms and they can’t wear jeans. She thinks jeans are good and they’re cool. Sally also has to 7. ________（follow）some rules at home. For example, if she wants 8. ________（watch）TV, she has to finish her homework 9. ________（one）. And she can’t hang out with her friends on school nights, that is, from Monday to Friday. She has to clean her room every week 10. ________ it is dirty. Luckily, she doesn’t have to take out the trash. She thinks it’s awful. 三．写作 假如你是百事通博士，请你针对李平的困惑给他写一封回信，从生活、学习和饮食三个方面对家规进行合理分析，并给他提一些建议。 要求：1.语言流畅，逻辑通顺，书写工整； 2.90词左右，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Li Ping, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Dr Know 一．填空题 1．When you go out, please (确保) you close the door. 2． the carrots before you put them into the pot. (切碎) 3． the cows. They are black and white. (瞧，看) 4．Ella, please come here and . (坐下) 5．Please t (相信；信任) the kid. He is a good boy. 6．S (料想) you had a million dollars, what would you do? 7．Please (倒空) the water from the bottle before you put it into the bin. 8．Don’t c (比较) yourself with others. You are not the same as any other person in the world. 9．Please the glass. It’s easy to break. (当心) 10．R to turn off the lights when you leave. 二．选择题 1．—Tom, I know you love music. ________ play the guitar? —Yes, I can. I practice it every weekend with my dad. A．Can you B．Do you C．Are you D．Will you 2．—Look! Leo is playing football with his classmates! —It ________ be Leo. He is having a piano lesson at this moment. A．must B．might C．can’t D．mustn’t 3．—I think the girl under the tree must be Alice. —No, it ________ be her. She is in the library now. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．may not D．might 4．— Can you come to my birthday party? — Sorry, I can’t. I ________ help my mom at home. A．might B．should C．have to D．can 三．写作 心中有规矩,行为定方圆。假如你是李华,你在家和学校需要遵守一些规则。你的笔友Susan想了解这些规则。 请根据以 下提示,给她写一封电子邮件,词数不少于80(所给内容不计入总词数)。 Dear Susan,　 Hi! I want to tell you about my family and school rules.　 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours,　 Li Hua　 知识导图记忆 祈使句 类型 常见句式 Be型 肯定形式：Be＋形容词 否定形式：Don’t be＋形容词 Do型 肯定形式：动词原形＋其他 否定形式：Don’t＋动词原形＋其他 Let 型 肯定形式：Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他 否定形式：Let＋宾语＋not＋动词原形＋其他 No型 No＋名词/动词－ing形式 Never型 Never＋动词原形＋其他 情态动词 can 表示能力，意为＂能，会＂ I can read this sentence in English. 我能用英语读这句话。 表示许可时，意为＂可以，能够＂，相当于may 用于推测，表示可能性，意为＂可能＂，could比can更加不肯定，多用于否定或疑问句 The man can’t be our teacher — he has gone to Beijing. 那个男人不可能是我们的老师，他去北京了。 There is someone outside — who can it be? 有人在外面，可能是谁呢？ 【知识拓展】 1. can的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes, ...can；否定回答用No, ...can’t。 —Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗? —Yes, I can. 是的，我会。/No, I can’t 不，我不会。 must 表示必须，一定要，指说话人的主观语气 You must obey the school rules. 你必须遵守校规。 mustn’t表示禁止，意为＂千万不要，禁止＂，是说话人强有力的劝告 You mustn’t play with the knife or you may hurt yourself. 你禁止玩刀否则你可能会伤到自己。 表示推测时，用于肯定句，意为＂想必，一定＂，否定句中用can’t/couldn’t来代替 This must be your room. 这一定是你的房间。 He must be eighty now. 他现在想必有八十岁了。 【知识拓展】 1. must的一般疑问句，肯定回答为Yes, ...must.；否定回答为No, ...needn’t. / No, ...don’t have to. —Must I clean the classroom now? 我必须现在打扫教室吗？ —Yes, you must. 是的，你必须。/No, you don’t have to. /No, you needn’t. 不，你不必。 2. must和have to的区别： ①用must表示＂必须＂的意思时，通常着重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要去做某事；而have to着重于客观需要，含有＂不得不＂的意思。 We must study English hard. 我们必须努力学习英语。 You are ill today. You have to see a doctor. 你今天病了，不得不去看医生。 ②用must表示＂必须＂，只有现在时态的形式，如果要表示过去时或将来时的＂必须＂，就要用have to的相应形式。 You must drive fast to catch the time. 你必须开车开快点来赶时间。 They will have to leave tomorrow morning. 他们必须明天早晨起程。 一．单项选择 1．—Is the man in a red coat Mr White? —It ________ be him. I’m not sure. A．may B．must C．should D．need 2.Don’t ________ wild mushrooms (野生菌) that you don’t know. A．to eat B．eats C．eat D．eating 3.—Mom, can I go swimming with my friend this afternoon? —No, you ________. It’s dangerous. A．couldn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．may not 4.Tom, ________ listen to music. We are having class now. A．don’t B．not C．can’t D．no 5.David, _________ make any noises in the library. A．can’t B．didn’t C．doesn’t D．don’t 6.You ________ swim in the running river. That’s too dangerous. A．must B．can C．mustn’t D．don’t have to 7.—Oh, dear! I nearly lose my heart. —Cheer up. Life ________ be perfect all the time. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t 8.Students and teachers ________ wear masks at school now. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t 9.—George, I ________ move the shelf by myself. —Let me help you. A．can’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t 10.—_________ a good rest and you will feel much better then. —I hope so. A．Have B．To have C．having 11.Life is like a journey. ________ ahead, and you will see a lot more beautiful scenery. A．Plan B．To plan C．Plans 12.—Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest bank is? —Just ________ going for two more blocks and you’ll see it. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping 13.Let’s ________ the Da Li this Sunday. A．go B．to go C．going D．go to 二．语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Look! A young man 1 (take) a bottle of water in his hands in the picture. He looks a little shy. He is of medium height and has short hair. Some guess he may be a student, but he is 2 teacher in Peking University (北京大学). His name is Wei Dongyi. Wei has a great talent for math. He was really good at math when he studied in high school. He 3 (go) to Peking University in 2010 without taking the gaokao. Now he is teaching math in the university. Wei was born in 1991 in Shandong Province. His father was a teacher at that time and there were quite a lot of 4 (book) in his home. In the first grade, Wei read a book about math. After that, he showed great interest in math. With the help of 5 (he) father and teachers, he began the journey to math learning. At the age of 16, he joined in the 49th International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO国际数学奥林匹克竞赛). 6 (lucky), he got the first place. Wei hardly watches TV or plays with phones. He enjoys 7 (listen) to radio in his free time. He is not short of money, 8 he only spends about 300 yuan living in Beijing every month. Wei doesn’t care (关心) what to eat or what to wear. He is only interested 9 math. Wei gives a good example (范例) to us. He is a 10 (really) star and we should run after him. 三．写作 假如你是彼得(Peter)，你的朋友吉尔(Jill)发来电子邮件向你抱怨她的家规太严格。以下是吉尔的邮件，请你据此用英语给她回一封邮件并给出相关建议。 Dear Peter， I'm unhappy these days. My parents are strict(严格的) with me. I have to get up early and go to bed early every day. I can't hang out with friends at night. I must do well in all subjects. I feel awful. What can I do? Yours， Jill 要求：1.语句通顺，语法正确，可适当发挥； 2．不少于70词(邮件格式已给出，不计入总词数)。 Dear Jill， Yours， Peter 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第04讲 七年级下册Unit 2 No Rules, No Order语法、写作篇（寒假预习讲义） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 语法1（祈使句） 知识点1.概念 　　祈使句用于表达命令、劝告、警告、禁止等语气。祈使句中一般省略主语,句末用感叹号或句号,肯定结构常以动词原形开头。 Use your eyes; use your ears. 用眼看,用耳听。 知识点2. 祈使句的肯定句式 (1)Do型(实义动词原形+……) Sit down!坐下! (2)Be型(Be+形容词) Be quiet! 安静点! (3)Let型(Let sb. do...) Let me help you. 让我来帮助你吧。 知识点3. 祈使句的否定句式 (1)祈使句的否定结构以“Don't /Do not+动词原形”开头。 Don't be late. 不要迟到了。 Don't let her disturb you.不要让她干扰你。 (2)以Let's开头的祈使句的否定式为“Let's not”。 Let's not sit here! 我们不要坐在这儿! (3)No型(No+名词/动词-ing形式),通常用于公共场合,意为“禁止做某事”。 NO PHOTOS禁止拍照 NO SMOKING禁止吸烟 用所给词的适当形式填空 1.________ (open) the door, Sara. 2.________ (not be) late for our family dinner. 3.No ________ (talk) in the library! 4.Please ________ (not play) computer games so much, Jim! 5.Be ________ (care)! The knife may hurt you. 6.—Tom, （not）draw on the wall. —Sorry,I won't do it again. 7.Mary, let's______（go） home now. 8.—May I take some pictures here？ —Sorry,you mustn't.Please look at the sign.It says“No,______（photo）”. 9.Boys and girls,______（be）quiet！Class begins！ 10.Let him______（not）open the door.It's too cold. 【答案】1. Open 2. Don’t be 3. talking 4. don’t play 5. careful 6.don't 7.go 8.photos 9.be 10.not 语法2（情态动词can、must与have to） 知识点1. can (1)表示许可。can表示许可时,是may在非正式场合的替代词,可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。否定形式cannot (can't)意为“不能,不可以”,语气比must not(mustn't)弱。 You can't put the sugar first. 你不能先放糖。(没有禁止的含义) (2)表示能力。can表示能力时(即有某种知识和技能而能办到),可与be able to互换,但在将来时和完成时中必须用be able to结构。 Li Wei can sing this song well. 李薇能唱好这首歌。(3)一般情况下,以can开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用can,否定回答用can't。 —Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗? —Yes, you can. 是的,你可以。 —No, you can't. 不,你不可以。 知识点2. must (1)表示“必须,一定要”,侧重主观看法,可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。 (2)其否定形式为must not(mustn't),表示禁止,意为“一定不要,不准,不可”,是强有力的劝告或命令。 Must I pay now?我必须现在付款吗? Cars must not park in front of the entrance. 车辆不得停在入口处。 (3)由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't/don't have to,表示“不必,没有必要”。 —Must I clean the room this afternoon?我必须今天下午打扫房间吗? —Yes, you must. 是的,你必须。 —No, you needn't/don't have to. 不,你不必。 知识点3. must与have to 区别 例句 must侧重于说话者的主观看法 ,认为有必要或有义务去做某事;have to侧重于客 观需要,含有“不得不”之意。 You must be back before 10 o'clock.你必须在十点之前返回。(叮嘱或命令) You have to be back before 10 o'clock because the train is to leave at 10:05.你必须十点之前返回,因为火车十点五分开。(客观需要) 否定形式不同 You mustn't say things like that. 你千万别说那样的话。 You don't have to say things like that. 你不必说那样的话。 must没有人称、时态 和数的变化,而have to有。 The old man has to live alone because his son works in another city. 那位老人不得不独自生活,因为他的儿子在另一个城市工作。 一．填空 1.I ________ (can) play basketball with you. I have too much homework to do. 2.—Can your parents ________ (speak) English? —Yes, they can. 3.You can ________ (swim) in the swimming pool with your friends at the weekend. 4.Slow down, please. You ________ (must) ride so fast in the streets. 5.We have to ________ (put) on our seat belts when we’re in a car. 【答案】1. can’t 2. speak 3. swim 4. mustn’t 5. put 二、根据句意，用must或have to填空。 1.Jim, you ________ wear your clothes by yourself every morning. 2.—______ I read the book in the reading room? —No, you don’t ______. 3.There is no bus now. I ______ go back home on foot. 4.—Must I finish my homework today? —Yes, you ______. 5.—Mum, can I get up late at the weekend? —Sure. You don’t ______ get up early. 【答案】1. must 2. Must;have to 3. have to 4. must 5. have to 单元写作 本单元的标题是“No Rules, No Order”,话题是“规则”。本单元要求学生使用所学的词汇和句式介绍生活中的各种规则,包括家规、校规以及公共场所(如图书馆)的规则等。在介绍规则时,可以使用情态动词can、must、have to等。 　　该话题对应的书面表达的体裁以说明文和应用文为主,应用文包括信件、公告或演讲稿等。在写作应用文时要符合对应文体的写作格式。 1.写作实例 　　无规矩不成方圆。我们的生活中总是充满了各种各样的规则。假设你们学校组织了一次演讲比赛,请你根据以下提示内容写一篇演讲稿参加这次比赛,介绍你生活中的一些规则。 提示内容:1.介绍你生活中的一些规则(至少4项); 2.表达你对这些规则的观点或看法,并描述你的打算。 写作要求:1.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称; 2.词数80左右。 2.审题指导 1.体裁:应用文(演讲稿)    2.时态:以一般现在时为主    3.人称:以第一人称为主 4.必备词汇: ①tell sb. about sth.告诉某人(关于)某事　 ②in life在生活中　 ③every morning每天早上　 ④have to不得不　 ⑤make one's bed铺床　 ⑥before breakfast早饭前　 ⑦arrive at到达　 ⑧on time按时　 ⑨be late for迟到　 ⑩follow the rules遵守规则 3.谋篇布局 优秀范文 　　Hello, everyone. Today I want to tell you about some rules around me. There are many rules in life! Every morning I have to make my bed before breakfast. I have to arrive at my school on time. I can't be late for school. And I have to wear the uniform. After school I must finish my homework first. I can't hang out with my friends on weekdays. 　　I know it's hard to obey them, but rules can help to make the world better. I will follow the rules because they help me become a better person. 一．选择题 1．Let’s ________ the art museum to enjoy ancient artworks. A．visit B．visits C．visiting D．visited 【答案】A 【详解】句意：让我们参观艺术博物馆，去欣赏古代艺术品。 考查祈使句用法。visit参观，动词原形；visits参观，第三人称单数；visiting参观，现在分词；visited参观，过去式。根据“Let’s”可知，此处是句型Let’s do sth，意为“让我们做某事吧”，故此处用动词原形。故选A。 2．________ the deadline for the term paper, and you’ll avoid unnecessary stress at the end of the semester. A．Meet B．To meet C．Meeting D．If you meet 【答案】A 【详解】句意：赶上学期论文的截止日期，这样你就能避免学期末不必要的压力了。 考查祈使句肯定句型。Meet赶上，动词原形；To meet赶上，动词不定式；Meeting赶上，现在分词；If you meet如果你赶上，条件状语从句。该句型中，祈使句表条件，and后的陈述句表结果。此处需用动词原形开头，构成祈使句。故选A。 3．___________ good care of your pet, or it will get sick. A．Take B．To take C．Taking D．Taken 【答案】A 【详解】句意：好好照顾你的宠物，否则它会生病的。 考查祈使句。Take动词原形；To take动词不定式；Taking动名词或现在分词；Taken过去分词。根据“or it will get sick”可知，此处是“祈使句，or+陈述句”的固定句型，祈使句需用动词原形开头。故选A。 4．—Jason, what can I do with the meal? —Please ________ two tomatoes and then ________. A．peel; cut it up B．peel; cut them up C．pour; cut it up D．pour; cut them up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——杰森，我该怎么处理这顿饭呢？——请削两个西红柿的皮，然后把它们切碎。 考查动词和动词短语辨析。peel削皮；pour倒；cut up切碎；it它；them它们。第一空，根据“two tomatoes”可知，此处指给西红柿削皮，应用peel；第二空，此处应用“them”指代“two tomatoes”，即cut them up。故选B。 5．—Hi, Gao Jing! I’m so happy ________ you. —Me too. Come in and ________ my parents. A．see; to meet B．to see; to meet C．seeing; meet D．to see; meet 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——嗨，高静！我很高兴见到你。——我也是。进来见见我的父母。 考查动词形式。be happy to do sth“开心做某事”，第一个空“happy”后需接不定式“to see”；第二个空“and”连接“come in”并列动作，需用动词原形“meet”。故选D。 6．Frank ________ be interested in Chinese folk music, for he has spent 20 years studying it. A．must B．mustn’t C．could D．couldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Frank一定对中国的民间音乐感兴趣，因为他已经花了20年时间研究它。 考查情态动词辨析。must一定；mustn’t禁止；could可以；couldn’t不能。根据“for he has spent 20 years studying it”可知他已经花了20年时间研究中国的民间音乐，可见他一定对中国的民间音乐感兴趣。故选A。 7．— I’m going to give up running. My feet hurt so much. — Don’t lose heart. Keep practicing. There ________ be a good result if you stick to it. A．can B．mustn’t C．must D．can’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我打算放弃跑步了。我的脚疼得厉害。——别灰心。继续练习。如果你坚持下去，一定有好的结果。 考查情态动词辨析。can能够，可能；mustn’t不准，禁止；must必须，一定；can’t不能，不可能。根据语境，第二个人在鼓励对方坚持练习，表达一种肯定推测，must表示“一定”或“必然”，符合鼓励的语义。故选C。 8．—I’m going to give up learning the guitar. My fingers hurt so much. —Don’t lose heart. Keep practicing. There ________ a good result if you stick to it. A．must be B．mustn’t be C．can be D．can’t be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我要放弃学吉他了。我的手指太疼了。——不要灰心。继续练习。如果你坚持下去，将会有好结果。 考查情态动词的用法。must be表示“一定会有”，表达强烈肯定语气，符合鼓励情境；mustn’t be表示“一定不是”；can be表示“可能有”，但语气较弱，不如must be肯定；can’t be表示“不可能”。根据对话语境，回应者在鼓励对方不要放弃，坚持练习会带来积极结果，空格处需表示肯定推测。故选A。 9．—Must I clean the pigsty now? — ________. You can do it later. A．Yes, you need B．No, you needn’t C．Yes, you must D．No, you mustn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我现在必须打扫猪圈吗？——不，你不必。 你可以待会儿做。 考查情态动词must的用法。Must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes, 主语+must.”，否定回答用“No, 主语+ needn’t.”。根据“You can do it later”可知，此处应用否定回答，表示你不必。故选B。 10．He ________ go to the market himself because he can buy things online. A．have to B．has to C．don’t have to D．doesn’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他不必自己去市场，因为他可以在网上买东西。 考查have to的用法和主谓一致。have to必须；has to必须，have to的第三人称单数形式；don’t have to不必；doesn’t have to不必，是don’t have to的第三人称单数形式。根据“because he can buy things online”可知，他可以在网上买东西，不必亲自去市场，主语He是第三人称单数，要用doesn’t have to。故选D。 11．You ________ tidy up the room now. You can do it later. A．haven’t to B．needn’t to C．don’t need D．don’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你现在不必整理房间。可以稍后再做。 考查情态动词辨析。haven’t to不正确表达；needn’t to不正确表达；don’t need不需要，need作实义动词时，否定形式为don’t need to do sth.；don’t have to不必。根据“You can do it later”可知，此处表示“不必现在做”，用don’t have to表示“没有必要”。故选D。 二、语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are lots of rules at Sally’s school. She agrees（同意）with some of 1. ________（they）. For example, they can’t arrive late 2. ________ school. They can’t run in 3. ________ hallway, and they can’t eat in class. They must 4. ________（go）to the dining hall to have lunch. All these 5. ________（rule）are okay for Sally because they help students become better. But there are some rules that make Sally 6. ________（happy）. For example, at her school they have to wear uniforms and they can’t wear jeans. She thinks jeans are good and they’re cool. Sally also has to 7. ________（follow）some rules at home. For example, if she wants 8. ________（watch）TV, she has to finish her homework 9. ________（one）. And she can’t hang out with her friends on school nights, that is, from Monday to Friday. She has to clean her room every week 10. ________ it is dirty. Luckily, she doesn’t have to take out the trash. She thinks it’s awful. 【答案】1. them 2. for 3. the 4. go 5. rules 6. unhappy 7. follow 8. to watch 9. first 10. because 三．写作 假如你是百事通博士，请你针对李平的困惑给他写一封回信，从生活、学习和饮食三个方面对家规进行合理分析，并给他提一些建议。 要求：1.语言流畅，逻辑通顺，书写工整； 2.90词左右，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Li Ping, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Dr Know 【写作提示】 1.主题：家规 2.人称：以第二人称为主 3.时态：一般现在时 4.要点：从生活、学习、饮食三个方面分析家规的合理性，给出建议 5.写作思路：开篇表示理解和安慰，接着从生活、学习、饮食三方面分析家规的合理性，最后总结观点并给出建议。 【范文】 Dear Li Ping, There are many rules in our lives. It’s common to have these feelings. But family rules can guide you and help you grow. Getting up early to exercise is a great way to start the day and stay fit. After all, early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. It is important to finish your homework first. Then you’ll have more time to relax. Junk food is bad for your health. You’d better not eat it. Remember：No rules ,no order! Try to have an open conversation with your parents and tell them how you feel so that they can understand you better. Best wishes, Dr Know 一．填空题 1．When you go out, please (确保) you close the door. 【答案】 make sure 【详解】句意：当你出去的时候，请确保关上门。make sure“确保”，动词短语，此处是祈使句的肯定形式，应用动词原形开头。故填make；sure。 2． the carrots before you put them into the pot. (切碎) 【答案】Cut up 【详解】句意：把胡萝卜切碎，再放进锅里。根据中文提示，cut up“切碎”符合题意，该句是祈使句，填动词原形，置于句首首字母大写。故填Cut up。 3． the cows. They are black and white. (瞧，看) 【答案】Look at 【详解】句意：看那些牛，它们是黑白相间的。根据汉语提示可知此处是look at“瞧，看”，及物动词短语后接宾语，句首首字母大写。故填Look at。 4．Ella, please come here and . (坐下) 【答案】sit down 【详解】句意：艾拉，请过来坐下。sit down“坐下”，结合“come”可知，动词sit也应用原形。故填sit down。 5．Please t (相信；信任) the kid. He is a good boy. 【答案】trust/rust 【详解】句意：请相信这个孩子。他是个好男孩。“相信；信任”对应的英文单词是“trust”，此句是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故填trust。 6．S (料想) you had a million dollars, what would you do? 【答案】Suppose/uppose 【详解】句意：假设你有一百万美元，你会做什么？根据“…you had a million dollars, what would you do?”及首字母和汉语提示词可知，句子为祈使句，应用动词原形开头，suppose“料想，假设”，动词。故填Suppose。 7．Please (倒空) the water from the bottle before you put it into the bin. 【答案】empty 【详解】句意：在你把瓶子放进垃圾桶之前，请把里面的水倒空。根据汉语提示可知，empty“倒空”，动词，此处是祈使句，动词用原形。故填empty。 8．Don’t c (比较) yourself with others. You are not the same as any other person in the world. 【答案】compare/ompare 【详解】句意：不要拿自己和别人比较，你和世界上任何一个人都不一样。“比较”compare，且Don’t后加动词原形，构成否定祈使句。故填compare。 9．Please the glass. It’s easy to break. (当心) 【答案】be careful with 【详解】句意：请当心这个玻璃杯。它很容易碎。be careful with是固定搭配，表示“当心”。此处是祈使句，动词用原形。故填be careful with。 10．R to turn off the lights when you leave. 【答案】Remember/emember 【详解】句意：你离开时记得关灯。根据“to turn off the lights when you leave.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示记得关灯，remember“记得”，此处是祈使句，使用动词原形，句首首字母大写。故填Remember。 二．选择题 1．—Tom, I know you love music. ________ play the guitar? —Yes, I can. I practice it every weekend with my dad. A．Can you B．Do you C．Are you D．Will you 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——汤姆，我知道你喜欢音乐。你会弹吉他吗？——是的，我会。我每个周末都和爸爸一起练习。 考查情态动词和一般疑问句。Can you你会……吗；Do you你……吗；Are you你是……吗；Will you你将……吗。根据答语“Yes, I can.”可知，问句是以情态动词Can开头的一般疑问句，询问对方是否有弹吉他的能力。故选A。 2．—Look! Leo is playing football with his classmates! —It ________ be Leo. He is having a piano lesson at this moment. A．must B．might C．can’t D．mustn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看！利奥正在和他的同学踢足球！——不可能是利奥。此刻他正在上钢琴课。 考查情态动词辨析。must一定，表肯定推测；might可能，表推测但可能性较小；can’t不可能，表否定推测；mustn’t禁止，不允许。根据“He is having a piano lesson at this moment.”可知，此刻利奥正在上钢琴课，所以不可能在和同学踢足球，此处应用can’t表否定推测。故选C。 3．—I think the girl under the tree must be Alice. —No, it ________ be her. She is in the library now. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．may not D．might 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我认为树下的那个女孩一定是爱丽丝。——不，不可能是她。她现在在图书馆。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能，表示有把握的否定推测；mustn’t禁止；may not可能不，表示没有把握的否定推测；might可能，表示推测，可能性比may更小。根据“She is in the library now.”可知，她现在在图书馆，所以树下的女孩不可能是爱丽丝，此处表示有把握的否定推测，应用can’t。故选A。 4．— Can you come to my birthday party? — Sorry, I can’t. I ________ help my mom at home. A．might B．should C．have to D．can 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能来参加我的生日聚会吗？——对不起，我不能去。我不得不在家帮妈妈。 考查情态动词辨析。might可能；should应该；have to不得不，必须；can能。根据“Sorry, I can’t.”可知，是因为必须在家帮妈妈所以不能去。故选C。 三．写作 心中有规矩,行为定方圆。假如你是李华,你在家和学校需要遵守一些规则。你的笔友Susan想了解这些规则。 请根据以 下提示,给她写一封电子邮件,词数不少于80(所给内容不计入总词数)。 Dear Susan,　 Hi! I want to tell you about my family and school rules.　 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours,　 Li Hua　 【范文】 Dear Susan,　 Hi! I want to tell you about my family and school rules.　 　　There are many rules I have to follow in my home. First, I must help do the dishes after dinner every day. Second, I can use the smart phone for an hour every week. Third, I have to finish my homework first after school. Last but not least, before I go to bed, I have to take a shower. There are also some rules at school. First, I must arrive by 7:50 in the morning. Second, I must listen to the teacher carefully in class. The last one is that I can't run or shout in the hallways. 　　I think the rules are very important for me and it's beneficial for me to follow them. What rules do you have to follow? Please write to me and tell me about the rules in your life.　 Yours,　 Li Hua　 知识导图记忆 祈使句 类型 常见句式 Be型 肯定形式：Be＋形容词 否定形式：Don’t be＋形容词 Do型 肯定形式：动词原形＋其他 否定形式：Don’t＋动词原形＋其他 Let 型 肯定形式：Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他 否定形式：Let＋宾语＋not＋动词原形＋其他 No型 No＋名词/动词－ing形式 Never型 Never＋动词原形＋其他 情态动词 can 表示能力，意为＂能，会＂ I can read this sentence in English. 我能用英语读这句话。 表示许可时，意为＂可以，能够＂，相当于may 用于推测，表示可能性，意为＂可能＂，could比can更加不肯定，多用于否定或疑问句 The man can’t be our teacher — he has gone to Beijing. 那个男人不可能是我们的老师，他去北京了。 There is someone outside — who can it be? 有人在外面，可能是谁呢？ 【知识拓展】 1. can的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes, ...can；否定回答用No, ...can’t。 —Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗? —Yes, I can. 是的，我会。/No, I can’t 不，我不会。 must 表示必须，一定要，指说话人的主观语气 You must obey the school rules. 你必须遵守校规。 mustn’t表示禁止，意为＂千万不要，禁止＂，是说话人强有力的劝告 You mustn’t play with the knife or you may hurt yourself. 你禁止玩刀否则你可能会伤到自己。 表示推测时，用于肯定句，意为＂想必，一定＂，否定句中用can’t/couldn’t来代替 This must be your room. 这一定是你的房间。 He must be eighty now. 他现在想必有八十岁了。 【知识拓展】 1. must的一般疑问句，肯定回答为Yes, ...must.；否定回答为No, ...needn’t. / No, ...don’t have to. —Must I clean the classroom now? 我必须现在打扫教室吗？ —Yes, you must. 是的，你必须。/No, you don’t have to. /No, you needn’t. 不，你不必。 2. must和have to的区别： ①用must表示＂必须＂的意思时，通常着重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要去做某事；而have to着重于客观需要，含有＂不得不＂的意思。 We must study English hard. 我们必须努力学习英语。 You are ill today. You have to see a doctor. 你今天病了，不得不去看医生。 ②用must表示＂必须＂，只有现在时态的形式，如果要表示过去时或将来时的＂必须＂，就要用have to的相应形式。 You must drive fast to catch the time. 你必须开车开快点来赶时间。 They will have to leave tomorrow morning. 他们必须明天早晨起程。 一．单项选择 1．—Is the man in a red coat Mr White? —It ________ be him. I’m not sure. A．may B．must C．should D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——穿红色外套的那个人是怀特先生吗？——可能是他。我不确定。 考查情态动词辨析。may可能；must一定；should应该；need需要。根据“I’m not sure.”可知，此处表示推测，且说话者对此事并不确定，只是一种可能性，所以may符合语境。故选A。 2.Don’t ________ wild mushrooms (野生菌) that you don’t know. A．to eat B．eats C．eat D．eating 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要吃你不认识的野生蘑菇。 考查否定祈使句。本句是祈使句的否定形式，其结构为：Don’t+动词原形。故选C。 3.—Mom, can I go swimming with my friend this afternoon? —No, you ________. It’s dangerous. A．couldn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．may not 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，今天下午我可以和我的朋友去游泳吗？——不，你不能。这是危险的。 考查情态动词的用法。couldn’t不能；needn’t不必；can’t不能；may not可能不会。根据“It’s dangerous.”可知，不能去游泳，含情态动词can的疑问句，回答要用can/can’t。故选C。 4.Tom, ________ listen to music. We are having class now. A．don’t B．not C．can’t D．no 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆，不要听音乐。我们现在正在上课。 考查祈使句。don’t不要；not不是；can’t不能；no不。根据“We are having class now.”可知，现在在上课，课堂上不能听音乐，句式为祈使句的否定形式，故应用don’t+动词原形。故选A。 5.David, _________ make any noises in the library. A．can’t B．didn’t C．doesn’t D．don’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大卫，不要在图书馆里制造噪音。 考查否定祈使句。根据“David, …make any noises in the library.”可知，此处指“不要在图书馆里制造噪音”，为否定祈使句，其结构为“don’t do sth.”。故选D。 6.You ________ swim in the running river. That’s too dangerous. A．must B．can C．mustn’t D．don’t have to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你不能在奔流的河里游泳。那太危险了。 考查动词辨析和must的用法。must必须；can能；mustn’t禁止；don’t have to不必。根据“That’s too dangerous.”可知，太危险了，所以不能在奔流的河里游泳，故选C。 7.—Oh, dear! I nearly lose my heart. —Cheer up. Life ________ be perfect all the time. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——哦，亲爱的！我几乎失去了我信心。——振作起来。生活不可能总是完美的。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能；needn’t不需要；mustn’t禁止。根据“Life...be perfect all the time.”可知，生活不可能总是完美的，表达了一种对生活的现实和接纳态度。故选A。 8.Students and teachers ________ wear masks at school now. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：现在学生和老师不必在学校戴口罩。 考查情态动词。can’t不能；mustn’t不得；needn’t不必。根据“Students and teachers ... wear masks at school now.”可知，现在学生和老师在学校不必戴口罩。故选C。 9.—George, I ________ move the shelf by myself. —Let me help you. A．can’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——乔治，我一个人搬不动这个架子。——让我来帮你。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Let me help you.”可知，对方表示自己搬不动架子需要帮忙，所以这里表达的是没有能力独自搬动，即“不能”，故选A。 10.—_________ a good rest and you will feel much better then. —I hope so. A．Have B．To have C．having 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——好好休息一下，然后你会感觉好很多。——希望如此。 考查祈使句结构。此处是“祈使句+and+陈述句”的固定句型，表示建议或条件关系。空缺处需用动词原形开头构成祈使句。故选A。 11.Life is like a journey. ________ ahead, and you will see a lot more beautiful scenery. A．Plan B．To plan C．Plans 【答案】A 【详解】句意：生活就像一场旅行。提前做计划，你会看到更多美丽的风景。 考查祈使句。分析题干可知，此处是“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构，动词用原形。故选A。 12.—Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest bank is? —Just ________ going for two more blocks and you’ll see it. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我最近的银行在哪里吗？——再往前走两个街区，你就会看到了。 考查祈使句。分析句子可知，此处是固定句型“祈使句+and+陈述句”，因此祈使句需用动词原形开头，故选A。 13.Let’s ________ the Da Li this Sunday. A．go B．to go C．going D．go to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个星期天让我们去大理吧。 考查非谓语动词。句中Let’s是Let us的缩写，let是使役动词，let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，go to sp.“去某地”。故选D。 二．语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Look! A young man 1 (take) a bottle of water in his hands in the picture. He looks a little shy. He is of medium height and has short hair. Some guess he may be a student, but he is 2 teacher in Peking University (北京大学). His name is Wei Dongyi. Wei has a great talent for math. He was really good at math when he studied in high school. He 3 (go) to Peking University in 2010 without taking the gaokao. Now he is teaching math in the university. Wei was born in 1991 in Shandong Province. His father was a teacher at that time and there were quite a lot of 4 (book) in his home. In the first grade, Wei read a book about math. After that, he showed great interest in math. With the help of 5 (he) father and teachers, he began the journey to math learning. At the age of 16, he joined in the 49th International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO国际数学奥林匹克竞赛). 6 (lucky), he got the first place. Wei hardly watches TV or plays with phones. He enjoys 7 (listen) to radio in his free time. He is not short of money, 8 he only spends about 300 yuan living in Beijing every month. Wei doesn’t care (关心) what to eat or what to wear. He is only interested 9 math. Wei gives a good example (范例) to us. He is a 10 (really) star and we should run after him. 【答案】1．is taking 2．a 3．went 4．books 5．his 6．Luckily 7．listening 8．but 9．in 10．real 【导语】本文主要介绍了数学奇才韦东奕的基本情况。 1．句意：看！图片里的这个年轻人手里正拿着一瓶水。根据“Look!”可知，时态为现在进行时，其结构为be+doing，主语为A young man，be动词用is，故填is taking。 2．句意：有人猜他可能是一个学生，但他是北京大学的一名老师。根据“ but he is...teacher in Peking University ( 北京大学)”可知，空处表泛指，需不定冠词，teacher是以辅音音素开头的单词，需不定冠词a。故填a。 3．句意：2010年他未参加高考就考入了北京大学。根据“in 2010”可知，空处时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式，故填went。 4．句意：他的父亲那时是一位老师，他家里有很多书。根据“a lot of”可知，其后可跟名词复数，book“书”的复数为books。故填books。 5．句意：在他父亲和老师的帮助下，他开始了数学学习之旅。根据“... father”可知，空处需形容词性物主代词来修饰名词father，he为主格，其形代为his。故填his。 6．句意：幸运的是，他得了一等奖。根据分析句子成分可知，空处缺副词，修饰整个句子。lucky “幸运的” 为形容词，其副词为luckily，放句首，首字母要大写，故填Luckily。 7．句意：他喜欢在空余时间听收音机。enjoy doing sth.表示 “喜欢做某事”，故填listening。 8．句意：他不缺钱，但他生活在北京仅仅每个月花费大概300元。根据空前后关系可知，空处表转折，需连词but。故填but。 9．句意：他仅仅对数学感兴趣。be interested in是固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣”。故填in。 10．句意：他真得是一个明星，我们应该追捧他。根据“a...star”可知，空处需形容词来修饰名词star，really“真地”为副词，其形容词为real。故填real。 三．写作 假如你是彼得(Peter)，你的朋友吉尔(Jill)发来电子邮件向你抱怨她的家规太严格。以下是吉尔的邮件，请你据此用英语给她回一封邮件并给出相关建议。 Dear Peter， I'm unhappy these days. My parents are strict(严格的) with me. I have to get up early and go to bed early every day. I can't hang out with friends at night. I must do well in all subjects. I feel awful. What can I do? Yours， Jill 要求：1.语句通顺，语法正确，可适当发挥； 2．不少于70词(邮件格式已给出，不计入总词数)。 Dear Jill， Yours， Peter Dear Jill， Here is some advice for you. It is a good habit to get up early and go to bed early.But sometimes when you feel tired, you can get up a little late on weekends.Everyone knows that all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. You can hang out with friends on weekends. Why not talk about it with your parents first? And then do your best to study well.I'm sure you can live a happy life. Yours， Peter 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $