Unit 1 Past and Present(重难词汇精练）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

Unit 1 Past and Present 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、单词默写 1. _______ [ʌndəˈɡraʊnd] n. 地铁 2. ________ [spiːd] n. 速度 3. __________ [ˈkraʊdɪd] adj. 拥挤的 4. ________ [kənˈviːniənt] adj. 方便的 5. _______ [ɪnəˈveɪʃ(ə)n] n. 创新 6. ________ [ˈsʌðən] adj. 南部的，南方的 7. __________ [haɪ ˈtek] adj. 高技术的，高科技的（尤指电子方面） 8. ________ [paɪəˈnɪə(r)] n. 先锋，先驱 9. ________ [rɪˈfɔːm] n. 改革 10. ________ [veri] adj. 最...的，十足的 11. ________ [tekˈnɒlədʒi] n. 技术 12. ________ [ˈɪndəstri] n. 行业；工业 13. ________ [ˈdʒaɪənt] n. 大公司；巨人，庞然大物 14. ________ [liːd] adj. 引领；领导 n.领先地位；负责人；主演 15. ________ [muːv] n. 改变，转变，动摇 16. ________ [welθ] n. 财富；富有 17. ________ [fəˈsɪləti] n. 设施；设备 18. ________ [ˈeksələnt] adj. 优秀的，杰出的 19 ________ [ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃən(ə)l] adj. 教育的，有关教育的 20. ________ [ˈɒnə(r)] n. 荣誉 21. ________ [ˈpʌblɪk] n. 民众 22. ________ [ˈsɪtɪz(ə)n] n. 居民，市民；公民 23. ________ [ˈɡriːnˌweɪ] n. 林荫道 24. ________ [ɪˈlektrɪk] adj. 电动的 25. ________ [ˈplænə(r)] n. 设计者，规划者 26. ________ [sɪns] prep.&conj. 自…以来 27. ________ [dɪˈveləpmənt] n. 发展，成长 28. ________ [ˌpaɪəˈnɪərɪŋ] adj.开拓性的 29. ________ [ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti] n. 创造力 30. ________ [ˈsɜːt(ə)nli] adv. 无疑，肯定 31. ________ [kiː] n. 关键；键，琴键 32. ________ [ˌwɜːld ˈfeɪməs] adj. 举世闻名的 33. _______ [ˈtrænspɔːt] n. 交通运输系统 34. ________ [ˈriːs(ə)ntli] adv.最近 35. __________ [ɔːlˈredi] adv.已经，早已 36. ________ [jet] adv.尚（未），还 37 ________ [rɪˈpɔːtə(r)] n. 记者 38. ________ [laɪn] n. （交通）路线；线（条）；行列 39. _______ [step] vi. 迈步,踩,踏,行走 40. ________ [waɪd] adj. 宽的,宽阔的 41. __________ [rəʊ] n. 一排,一列,一行 42. ________ [ˈmʌdi] adj. 泥泞的 43 _______ [ˈvɪlɪdʒə(r)] n. 村民 44. ________ [ˈriːs(ə)nt] adj. 近来的,新近的 45. __________ [ˈhəʊpf(ə)l] adj. 抱有希望,满怀希望 46. ________ [ɡest] n. 旅客,房客;客人 47. _______ [ˈtʊərɪzəm] n. 旅游业,观光业 48. ________ [θiːm] n. 主题 49. _______ [əˈpɪnjən] n. 看法,想法 50. ________ [ˈkɒmən] adj. 普遍的;共同的 【参考答案】 1.underground；2.speed；3.crowded；4.convenient ；5.innovation；6.southern；7.high-tech；8.pioneer；9.reform；10.very；11.technology；12.industry；13.giant；14.lead；15.move；16.wealth；17.facility；18.excellent；19.educational；20.honour；21.public；22.citizen；23.greenway；24.electric；25.planner；26.since；27.development；28.pioneering；29.creativity；30.certainly；31.key；32.world-famous；33.transport；34.recently；35.already；36.yet；37.reporter；38.line；39.step；40.wide；41.row；42.muddy；43.villager；44.recent；45.hopeful；46.guest；47.tourism；48.theme ；49.opinion；50.common. 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. south——__________（adj.）南部的 2. develop——__________（n.）发展 3. pioneer——__________（adj.）先锋的 4. culture——__________（adj.）文化的 5. wealth——__________（adj.）富有的 6. education——__________（adj.）教育的 7. creative——__________（n.）创造力 8. certain——__________（adv.）无疑；确定 9. hope——__________（adj.）满怀希望 10. report——__________（n.）记者 【参考答案】 1.southern；2.development；3.pioneering；4.cultural；5.wealthy；6.educational；7.creativity；8.certainly；9.hopeful; 10.reporter. 词汇语境练-句子 二、单项选择 1．I live next to a Huitong supermarket. It’s ________ for me to shop there than in Chongbai supermarket. A．more crowded B．crowded C．more convenient D．convenient 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我住在汇通超市旁边。对我来说在那里购物比在崇百超市更方便。 考查形容词辨析及形容词比较级的用法。more crowded更拥挤；crowded拥挤的；more convenient更方便；convenient方便的。根据“I live next to a Huitong supermarket.”可知在这里购物更方便，根据“than”可知此处需使用形容词convenient的比较级。故选C。 2．My father ________ drive his car to work, but now he doesn’t. A．used B．use to C．is used to D．used to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我父亲过去常常开车去上班，但现在不这样了。 考查used to的用法。used to过去常常做某事；be used to习惯做某事。根据“My father...drive his car to work, but now he doesn’t.”可知，此处表示“过去常常开车上班”，used to表示“过去常常做某事”，强调过去的习惯或状态现在已改变，后接动词原形。故选D。 3．— Has Lucy come ______? — No, she hasn't come ______. She may be on the way. A. already; yet B. yet; already C. yet; yet D. already; already 【答案】C 【详解】第一句是疑问句，第二句是否定句，“yet” 常用于疑问句和否定句末，表示 “还、尚未”；“already” 多用于肯定句，不用于疑问句和否定句末。A、B、D 选项中 “already” 的位置和用法均错误，故选 C。 4．— When ______ you ______ your homework? — I ______ it an hour ago. A. have; finished; finished B. did; finish; finished C. have; finished; have finished D. did; finish; have finished 【答案】B 【详解】第一句询问 “什么时候完成作业”，侧重动作发生的具体时间，用一般过去时 “did you finish”；第二句 “an hour ago”（一小时前）是具体过去时间状语，需用一般过去时 “finished”；现在完成时不与具体过去时间状语连用，故排除 A、C、D，选 B。 5．— ______ you ______ the film The Wandering Earth II? — Yes. I ______ it last weekend. A. Have; seen; saw B. Did; see; saw C. Have; seen; have seen D. Did; see; have seen 【答案】A 【详解】第一句询问是否看过某部电影，强调动作对现在的影响（是否有 “看过” 的经历），用现在完成时，即 “Have you seen...”；第二句中 “last weekend” 是具体的过去时间状语，需用一般过去时 “saw”，故选 A。 6. Tom has ______ in Shanghai for five years. He likes the city very much. A. worked B. arrived C. left D. joined 【答案】A 【详解】“for five years” 是时间段，要求谓语动词为延续性动词。B 选项 “arrived”（到达）、C 选项 “left”（离开）、D 选项 “joined”（加入）都是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用；A 选项 “worked”（工作）是延续性动词，符合语法规则，故选 A。 7．During the Spring Festival, we Chinese people ___ door gods on gates, but now few families do so. A．used to put up B．used to put in C．were used to put up D．were used to putting in 【答案】A 【详解】句意“在春节期间，我们每个中国人过去常常在门口贴门神，现在几乎没有家庭这么做了”。used to do过去常常做某事；be used to doing习惯于做某事，排除C和D。put up张贴；put in放入。根据句意，故选A。 8．—What sports do the Winter Olympic Games have? —Well, they include many sports on ice and snow, ________ skating and skiing. A．so as B．such as C．for example D．instead of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——冬奥会有哪些项目？ ——嗯，它们包括许多冰上和雪地运动，比如滑冰和滑雪。 考查介词短语。 so as为了；such as例如，列举多个例子；for example例如，列举一个例子；instead of而不是。根据句意可知，此处列举冬奥会上的冰上和雪地运动，滑冰和滑雪，这是两个例子，因此用介词短语such as。故选B。 9．—We can always find something good in a bad ________ if we look for it. —It’s true. Let’s make full use of what comes. A．situation B．direction C．instruction D．competition 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们总能在糟糕的情况中找到好的东西，如果我们去寻找的话。  ——这是真的。让我们充分利用到来的一切。 考查名词辨析。 situation情况；direction方向；instruction说明；competition比赛。根据“We can always find something good in a bad”可知，在不好的情况下寻找好的东西，situation符合句意，故选A。 10．Jenny didn’t want to admit breaking the vase, so she ________ a story about a cat breaking it. A．set up B．made up C．took up D．looked up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Jenny不想承认打碎了花瓶，所以她编造了一个关于猫打碎它的故事。 考查动词短语辨析。set up建立；made up编造；took up占据；looked up查阅。根据“didn’t want to admit”和“a story”可知，此处表示“编造故事”，故选B。 11．—I am going to Hong Kong on holiday this weekend.    —Really? ________. A．You’re welcome B．Be back soon C．It’s nothing D．Wish you a good trip 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这个周末我要去香港度假。——真的吗？祝你旅途愉快。 考查情景交际。You’re welcome不客气；Be back soon早点回来哦；It’s nothing没什么；Wish you a good trip祝你旅途愉快。根据“I am going to Hong Kong on holiday this weekend.”可知，对方周末要去香港度假，那么这里应用“Wish you a good trip”针对对方出行送上祝福，符合英语日常交际逻辑。故选D。 12．Chinese will be widely used _______ a foreign language around the world. A．in B．as C．for D．by 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汉语将作为一门外语在全世界广泛使用。 考查介词辨析。in在……里面；as作为；for为了；by通过。根据“a foreign language”可知，be used as意为“被用作”，固定词组。故选B。 13．Helen was very rude to me. I refuse to speak to her again __________ she says sorry. A．until B．if C．because D．since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：海伦对我粗鲁，我拒绝跟她再次说话，直到她向我道歉为止。 考查连词辨析。until 直到……才；if 如果；because 因为；since 自从，既然。结合句意可知，此句是until引导的时间状语从句，故答案选A。 14．Volunteers often ________ the leaflets to people in the streets. A．hand out B．put out C．run out D．come out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：志愿者经常在街上给人们分发传单。A. hand out分发，发放；B. put out扑灭，熄灭；C. run out用完，用尽；D. come out出来，出版，发行。志愿者在街道上义务分发传单。故选Ａ。 15．—Yangzhou is a beautiful city and it is a good place to live. —________ It’s also a good place to visit. A．Good idea! B．I’m afraid not. C．I can’t agree more. D．I don’t think so. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——扬州是一个美丽的城市，是一个适合居住的好地方。——我完全同意。它也是一个旅游的好地方。 考查情景交际。Good idea!好主意；I’m afraid not.我恐怕不行；I can’t agree more.我完全同意；I don’t think so.我不这样认为。根据“Yangzhou is a beautiful city and it is a good place to live.”以及“It’s also a good place to visit.”可知，此处表示“同意对方的观点”，I can’t agree more符合题意。故选C。 三、完成句子 1．现在，中国这头睡狮已经睡醒，正在以令世人赞叹的方式飞速发展。 Now, China, this sleeping lion, has and is developing at an amazing speed. 【答案】woken up 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“睡醒”，应填动词短语wake up；结合“has”和对应的汉语“已经睡醒”可知，时态为现在完成时，wake的过去分词是woken。故填woken；up。 2．这给我们的习惯带来了巨大的改变。 This our habits. 【答案】 has brought big changes to 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“给……带来了巨大的改变”，“带来了”用现在完成时，表示对现在的影响，主语This是单数，故用has brought；“巨大的改变”是big changes，因为change是可数名词，此处用复数表泛指；“给……”对应的介词是to，构成“bring changes to...”的结构。故填has；brought；big；changes；to。 3．随着AI的出现，全世界发生了大量重要的改变。 With the arrival of AI, a large number of important changes around the world. 【答案】have happened 【解析】对比中英文可知，空格中缺少“发生”，对应单词为happen，根据中文意思可知，本句应使用结构为“have/has+过去分词”的现在完成时，又因主语为复数形式“a large number of important changes”，助动词应为have。故填have；happened。 4．我曾经去过广东科学中心来提升自我。 I to Guangdong Science Center to improve myself. 【答案】 have been 【解析】对照中英文可知，缺少“曾经去过”。“曾经去过”表明时态是现在完成时，强调过去的经历对现在的影响。“曾经去过……”用动词短语have been to，表示曾经去过某地并已返回。故填have；been。 5．丹尼尔已经离开徐州五年了。 Daniel Xuzhou for five years. 【答案】has been away from 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“已经离开”，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，be away from“远离”，主语Daniel为单数，助动词用has，be的过去分词为been。故填has；been；away；from。 四 、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 step；wide；row；muddy；villager；recent；hopeful；guest；tourism；theme My hometown has changed a lot in 1 years. In the past, the roads were narrow and 2 . We had to 3 carefully on rainy days. Along the roads stood a 4 of old houses. Most 5 made a living by farming. But now, our roads have become much 6 and cleaner. With the development of 7 , our village has become popular. We built a 8 park and many new homestays(民宿). Now, we welcome 9 from all over the country every year. All of us feel 10 about the future. 【答案】1.recent；2.muddy；3.step；4. row；5.villagers；6.wider；7.tourism；8.theme；9.guests；10.hopeful 词汇语境练-语篇 五、完形填空 （2024-2025学年八年级下学期期中·甘肃兰州） The Chinese high-speed railways have a quality (质量) all on its own. Big cities like Beijing have a lot of high-speed trains stopping at the 1 every day. China’s technology on building the railway is 2 the rest of the world. There is no 3 that any other country could be better than China in near future. I had my first chance to ride the high-speed trains last week 4 I had a business meeting. I 5 with a disdain (偏见) for public transportation. Although I was not sure why the US hated it so much, I was afraid of the experience. I hoped to fly, but was told that it would be much better if I 6 the train. The train was amazing. I had traveled 7 a train before in the US and hated how slow it was and 8 stops there were. Chinese high-speed trains are on a different level. The trains are clean and the seats are huge. You can’t even feel how fast the train is moving. If there were no windows, I wouldn’t be able to tell when we were 9 or when we were traveling at 300 km per hour. I’m 10 because I’m traveling again this week by train. 1．A．city B．town C．village D．country 2．A．accepting B．leading C．following D．refusing 3．A．flag B．form C．sign D．action 4．A．though B．when C．if D．unless 5．A．got up B．woke up C．gave up D．grew up 6．A．took B．left C．found D．got 7．A．in B．at C．by D．on 8．A．how many B．how much C．how long D．how often 9．A．seen B．heard C．served D．stopped 10．A．busy B．funny C．excited D．careful 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文通过一位乘客的亲身经历，对比了中美铁路系统的差异，重点描述了中国高铁的舒适性、高效性和技术领先性，表达了作者对中国高铁的赞叹和再次乘坐的期待。 1．句意：像北京这样的大城市每天都有很多高速列车停靠在城市。 city城市；town城镇；village村庄；country国家。根据前面“Big cities like Beijing”可知，此处指停靠在城市，应用“city”。故选A。 2．句意：中国在铁路建设方面的技术领先世界。 accepting接受；leading引导；following跟随；refusing拒绝。根据后文“There is no… that any other country could be better than China in near future.”可知，中国的铁路建设技术在世界上处于领先地位，应用“leading”。故选B。 3．句意：没有迹象表明任何其他国家在不久的将来能比中国更好。 flag旗帜；form表格；sign标志，迹象；action行动。根据前句“China’s technology on building the railway is... the rest of the world.”可知，中国的铁路建设技术在世界上处于领先地位，因此此处指没有迹象表明，在不久的将来，任何其他国家能比中国更好，应用“sign”。故选C。 4. 句意：上周我在开商务会议时，第一次有机会坐高铁。 though虽然；when当……时；if如果；unless除非。分析句子“I had my first chance to ride the high-speed trains last week… I had a business meeting.”可知，“... I had a business meeting.”表示时间，应用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。 5. 句意：我从小就对公共交通有偏见。 got up起床；woke up醒来；gave up放弃；grew up成长。根据后文“Although I was not sure why the US hated it so much, I was afraid of the experience.”可知，这是长期形成的观念，应用“grew up”，grow up with“伴随……成长”。故选D。 6. 句意：我本想坐飞机，但被告知坐火车会更好。 took乘坐；left离开；found发现；got得到。根据“the train”可知，此处指乘坐火车，应用“took”。故选A。 7．句意：我以前在美国坐过火车，我讨厌它有多慢，以及有多少站点。 in在……里面；at在；by通过；on在……上面。根据“a train”可知，此处指坐火车，应用介词“on”。故选D。 8．句意：我以前在美国坐过火车，我讨厌它有多慢，以及有多少站点。 how many多少，提问可数名词的数量；how much多少，提问不可数名词的数量及价格；how long多久；how often多久一次。根据“stops there were”可知，此处询问站点数量，“stops”是可数名词复数，应用“how many”。故选A。 9．句意：如果没有窗户，我都无法分辨我们什么时候是停着的，什么时候是以每小时300公里的速度在行驶。 seen看见；heard听见；served服务；stopped停止。此处与“when we were traveling at 300 km per hour”形成对比，表示不能够分辨什么时候是停着的，什么时候是行驶的；前面应填其反义词“stopped”。故选D。 10．句意：我很兴奋，因为这周又要坐火车出行了。 busy忙碌的；funny有趣的；excited兴奋的；careful仔细的。根据上文对高铁的积极体验可知，此处表达期待之情，应用“excited”。故选C。 六、短文填空 （2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末·山东烟台） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I am Mary and I live in Beijing. My parents, my sister and three brothers used 1 (live) in a small house beside a restaurant. We were poor, but happy. Families 2 (change) a lot since I was young. Families used to be much 3 (big) with lots of brothers and sisters. Today most people have just one child! There are a lot more 4 (build), and neighbors even don’t know each other. My mother was always cooking for us. We weren’t rich, 5 we ate enough. And the food was always freshly cooked. But today people are used to buying ready-made food. Of course, we didn’t have 6 television, so we played games together and 7 (read) a lot. However, with the 8 (develop) of the technology, mobile phones are used 9 (wide), people start to spend too much time 10 (watch) short videos on the phones. 【答案】 1．to live 2．have changed 3．bigger 4．buildings 4．but 6．a 7．read 8．development 9．widely 10．watching 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了家庭和生活随着时间发生的诸多变化，体现出时代发展带来的不同。 1．句意：我的父母、我的姐姐和三个兄弟过去住在一家餐馆旁边的小房子里。used to do sth.是固定短语，意为“过去常常做某事”，故填to live。 2．句意：自从我小时候起，家庭已经改变了很多。根据“since I was young”可知，句子用现在完成时，主语“Families”是复数，故填have changed。 3．句意：过去的家庭要大得多，有很多兄弟姐妹。“much”修饰比较级，big的比较级是 bigger，故填bigger。 4．句意：有更多的建筑物，邻居们甚至彼此都不认识。“a lot more”后接可数名词复数，build的名词形式是 building，复数为buildings，故填buildings。 5．句意：我们不富裕，但我们吃得饱。前后句是转折关系，故填but。 6．句意：当然，我们没有一台电视机。“television”是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，故填a。 7．句意：所以我们一起做游戏，读很多书。and连接并列的谓语动词，根据“played”可知，此处用read的过去式read，故填read。 8．句意：然而，随着科技的发展。“with the development of...”是固定短语，意为“随着……的发展”，故填development。 9．句意：手机被广泛使用。此处修饰动词“used”，用wide的副词形式widely，故填widely。 10．句意：人们开始花太多时间在手机上看短视频。spend time doing sth.是固定用法，意为“花时间做某事”，故填watching。 七、首字母填空 （2024-2025学年八年级下学期期中·江苏盐城） In Japan, when you are walking on the street, you must be very careful. The vehicles always drive on the left. Their traffic lights are blue instead of green. It is quite d 1 from China. If you come to Japan for the first time, you may feel c 2 . It will be dangerous for you or you may get a fine, if you are careless. But don’t be n 3 . The following information is h 4 for you. You must look at the right side and then the l 5 side before you cross the street. If the traffic lights are red, the vehicles must stop. People can cross the road c 6 . If the traffic lights are blue, the vehicles can drive. When people go to work in the morning and go home in the evening, the traffic is very busy. It is the most dangerous for c 7 at this time. When you take a bus in Japan, you should be careful, t 8 . You must always remember the vehicles move on the left, or you will go the wrong way. The vehicles have m 9 good points in Japan. There are many big buses with two floors there. You can sit on the first or the s 10 floor. They can take you anywhere. 【答案】 1．(d)ifferent 2．(c)razy 3．(n)ervous 4．(h)elpful 5．(l)eft 6．(c)arefully 7．(c)hildren 8．(t)oo 9．(m)any 10．(s)econd 【导语】本文主要介绍了日本的交通规则，包括车辆靠左行驶、交通灯的颜色、过马路时的注意事项以及乘坐公共汽车时的注意事项。 1．句意：它与中国非常不同。根据文中“It is quite…from China.”及首字母可知，此处指的是与中国不同。be different from“与……不同”，固定短语。故填(d)ifferent。 2．句意：如果你第一次来日本，你可能会觉得很疯狂。根据文中“If you come to Japan for the first time, you may feel…”及首字母可知，此处指的是可能会觉得很疯狂。crazy“疯狂的”，形容词作表语。故填(c)razy。 3．句意：但是不要紧张。根据文中“But don’t be…”及首字母可知，此处指的是不要紧张。nervous“紧张的”，形容词作表语。故填(n)ervous。 4．句意：以下信息对你有帮助。根据文中“The following information is…for you.”及首字母可知，此处指的是有帮助的，helpful“有帮助的”，形容词作表语。故填(h)elpful。 5．句意：过马路前，你必须先看右边，再看左边。根据文中“You must look at the right side and then the…side before you cross the street.”及首字母可知，此处指的是看左边，left“左边的”，形容词作定语修饰名词“side”。故填(l)eft。 6．句意：人们可以小心地过马路。根据文中“People can cross the road…”及首字母可知，此处指的是小心地过马路。carefully“小心地”，副词修饰动词“cross”。故填(c)arefully。 7．句意：这个时候对孩子来说是最危险的。根据文中“It is the most dangerous for…at this time.”及首字母和提示词可知，此处指的是对孩子们来说是危险的。children“孩子们”，符合语境。故填(c)hildren。 8．句意：当你在日本乘公共汽车时，你也应该小心。根据文中“When you take a bus in Japan, you should be careful…”及首字母可知，此处指的是当你在日本乘公共汽车时，你也应该小心。too“也”，副词修饰整个句子。故填(t)oo。 9．句意：这些车在日本有很多卖点。根据文中“The vehicles have…good points in Japan.”及首字母可知，此处指的是有很多卖点。many“许多”，符合语境。故填(m)any。 10．句意：你可以坐在第一层或第二层。根据文中“You can sit on the first or the…floor.”及首字母可知，此处指的是坐在第一层或第二层。second“第二”，序数词表示顺序。故填(s)econd。 $Unit 1 Past and Present 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、单词默写 1. _______ [ʌndəˈɡraʊnd] n. 地铁 2. ________ [spiːd] n. 速度 3. __________ [ˈkraʊdɪd] adj. 拥挤的 4. ________ [kənˈviːniənt] adj. 方便的 5. _______ [ɪnəˈveɪʃ(ə)n] n. 创新 6. ________ [ˈsʌðən] adj. 南部的，南方的 7. __________ [haɪ ˈtek] adj. 高技术的，高科技的（尤指电子方面） 8. ________ [paɪəˈnɪə(r)] n. 先锋，先驱 9. ________ [rɪˈfɔːm] n. 改革 10. ________ [veri] adj. 最...的，十足的 11. ________ [tekˈnɒlədʒi] n. 技术 12. ________ [ˈɪndəstri] n. 行业；工业 13. ________ [ˈdʒaɪənt] n. 大公司；巨人，庞然大物 14. ________ [liːd] adj. 引领；领导 n.领先地位；负责人；主演 15. ________ [muːv] n. 改变，转变，动摇 16. ________ [welθ] n. 财富；富有 17. ________ [fəˈsɪləti] n. 设施；设备 18. ________ [ˈeksələnt] adj. 优秀的，杰出的 19 ________ [ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃən(ə)l] adj. 教育的，有关教育的 20. ________ [ˈɒnə(r)] n. 荣誉 21. ________ [ˈpʌblɪk] n. 民众 22. ________ [ˈsɪtɪz(ə)n] n. 居民，市民；公民 23. ________ [ˈɡriːnˌweɪ] n. 林荫道 24. ________ [ɪˈlektrɪk] adj. 电动的 25. ________ [ˈplænə(r)] n. 设计者，规划者 26. ________ [sɪns] prep.&conj. 自…以来 27. ________ [dɪˈveləpmənt] n. 发展，成长 28. ________ [ˌpaɪəˈnɪərɪŋ] adj.开拓性的 29. ________ [ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti] n. 创造力 30. ________ [ˈsɜːt(ə)nli] adv. 无疑，肯定 31. ________ [kiː] n. 关键；键，琴键 32. ________ [ˌwɜːld ˈfeɪməs] adj. 举世闻名的 33. _______ [ˈtrænspɔːt] n. 交通运输系统 34. ________ [ˈriːs(ə)ntli] adv.最近 35. __________ [ɔːlˈredi] adv.已经，早已 36. ________ [jet] adv.尚（未），还 37 ________ [rɪˈpɔːtə(r)] n. 记者 38. ________ [laɪn] n. （交通）路线；线（条）；行列 39. _______ [step] vi. 迈步,踩,踏,行走 40. ________ [waɪd] adj. 宽的,宽阔的 41. __________ [rəʊ] n. 一排,一列,一行 42. ________ [ˈmʌdi] adj. 泥泞的 43 _______ [ˈvɪlɪdʒə(r)] n. 村民 44. ________ [ˈriːs(ə)nt] adj. 近来的,新近的 45. __________ [ˈhəʊpf(ə)l] adj. 抱有希望,满怀希望 46. ________ [ɡest] n. 旅客,房客;客人 47. _______ [ˈtʊərɪzəm] n. 旅游业,观光业 48. ________ [θiːm] n. 主题 49. _______ [əˈpɪnjən] n. 看法,想法 50. ________ [ˈkɒmən] adj. 普遍的;共同的 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. south——__________（adj.）南部的 2. develop——__________（n.）发展 3. pioneer——__________（adj.）先锋的 4. culture——__________（adj.）文化的 5. wealth——__________（adj.）富有的 6. education——__________（adj.）教育的 7. creative——__________（n.）创造力 8. certain——__________（adv.）无疑；确定 9. hope——__________（adj.）满怀希望 10. report——__________（n.）记者 词汇语境练-句子 二、单项选择 1．I live next to a Huitong supermarket. It’s ________ for me to shop there than in Chongbai supermarket. A．more crowded B．crowded C．more convenient D．convenient 2．My father ________ drive his car to work, but now he doesn’t. A．used B．use to C．is used to D．used to 3．— Has Lucy come ______? — No, she hasn't come ______. She may be on the way. A. already; yet B. yet; already C. yet; yet D. already; already 4．— When ______ you ______ your homework? — I ______ it an hour ago. A. have; finished; finished B. did; finish; finished C. have; finished; have finished D. did; finish; have finished 5．— ______ you ______ the film The Wandering Earth II? — Yes. I ______ it last weekend. A. Have; seen; saw B. Did; see; saw C. Have; seen; have seen D. Did; see; have seen 6. Tom has ______ in Shanghai for five years. He likes the city very much. A. worked B. arrived C. left D. joined 7．During the Spring Festival, we Chinese people ___ door gods on gates, but now few families do so. A．used to put up B．used to put in C．were used to put up D．were used to putting in 8．—What sports do the Winter Olympic Games have? —Well, they include many sports on ice and snow, ________ skating and skiing. A．so as B．such as C．for example D．instead of 9．—We can always find something good in a bad ________ if we look for it. —It’s true. Let’s make full use of what comes. A．situation B．direction C．instruction D．competition 10．Jenny didn’t want to admit breaking the vase, so she ________ a story about a cat breaking it. A．set up B．made up C．took up D．looked up 11．—I am going to Hong Kong on holiday this weekend.    —Really? ________. A．You’re welcome B．Be back soon C．It’s nothing D．Wish you a good trip 12．Chinese will be widely used _______ a foreign language around the world. A．in B．as C．for D．by 13．Helen was very rude to me. I refuse to speak to her again __________ she says sorry. A．until B．if C．because D．since 14．Volunteers often ________ the leaflets to people in the streets. A．hand out B．put out C．run out D．come out 15．—Yangzhou is a beautiful city and it is a good place to live. —________ It’s also a good place to visit. A．Good idea! B．I’m afraid not. C．I can’t agree more. D．I don’t think so. 三、完成句子 1．现在，中国这头睡狮已经睡醒，正在以令世人赞叹的方式飞速发展。 Now, China, this sleeping lion, has and is developing at an amazing speed. 2．这给我们的习惯带来了巨大的改变。 This our habits. 3．随着AI的出现，全世界发生了大量重要的改变。 With the arrival of AI, a large number of important changes around the world. 4．我曾经去过广东科学中心来提升自我。 I to Guangdong Science Center to improve myself. 5．丹尼尔已经离开徐州五年了。 Daniel Xuzhou for five years. 四 、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 step；wide；row；muddy；villager；recent；hopeful；guest；tourism；theme My hometown has changed a lot in 1 years. In the past, the roads were narrow and 2 . We had to 3 carefully on rainy days. Along the roads stood a 4 of old houses. Most 5 made a living by farming. But now, our roads have become much 6 and cleaner. With the development of 7 , our village has become popular. We built a 8 park and many new homestays(民宿). Now, we welcome 9 from all over the country every year. All of us feel 10 about the future. 词汇语境练-语篇 五、完形填空 （2024-2025学年八年级下学期期中·甘肃兰州） The Chinese high-speed railways have a quality (质量) all on its own. Big cities like Beijing have a lot of high-speed trains stopping at the 1 every day. China’s technology on building the railway is 2 the rest of the world. There is no 3 that any other country could be better than China in near future. I had my first chance to ride the high-speed trains last week 4 I had a business meeting. I 5 with a disdain (偏见) for public transportation. Although I was not sure why the US hated it so much, I was afraid of the experience. I hoped to fly, but was told that it would be much better if I 6 the train. The train was amazing. I had traveled 7 a train before in the US and hated how slow it was and 8 stops there were. Chinese high-speed trains are on a different level. The trains are clean and the seats are huge. You can’t even feel how fast the train is moving. If there were no windows, I wouldn’t be able to tell when we were 9 or when we were traveling at 300 km per hour. I’m 10 because I’m traveling again this week by train. 1．A．city B．town C．village D．country 2．A．accepting B．leading C．following D．refusing 3．A．flag B．form C．sign D．action 4．A．though B．when C．if D．unless 5．A．got up B．woke up C．gave up D．grew up 6．A．took B．left C．found D．got 7．A．in B．at C．by D．on 8．A．how many B．how much C．how long D．how often 9．A．seen B．heard C．served D．stopped 10．A．busy B．funny C．excited D．careful 六、短文填空 （2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末·山东烟台） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I am Mary and I live in Beijing. My parents, my sister and three brothers used 1 (live) in a small house beside a restaurant. We were poor, but happy. Families 2 (change) a lot since I was young. Families used to be much 3 (big) with lots of brothers and sisters. Today most people have just one child! There are a lot more 4 (build), and neighbors even don’t know each other. My mother was always cooking for us. We weren’t rich, 5 we ate enough. And the food was always freshly cooked. But today people are used to buying ready-made food. Of course, we didn’t have 6 television, so we played games together and 7 (read) a lot. However, with the 8 (develop) of the technology, mobile phones are used 9 (wide), people start to spend too much time 10 (watch) short videos on the phones. 七、首字母填空 （2024-2025学年八年级下学期期中·江苏盐城） In Japan, when you are walking on the street, you must be very careful. The vehicles always drive on the left. Their traffic lights are blue instead of green. It is quite d 1 from China. If you come to Japan for the first time, you may feel c 2 . It will be dangerous for you or you may get a fine, if you are careless. But don’t be n 3 . The following information is h 4 for you. You must look at the right side and then the l 5 side before you cross the street. If the traffic lights are red, the vehicles must stop. People can cross the road c 6 . If the traffic lights are blue, the vehicles can drive. When people go to work in the morning and go home in the evening, the traffic is very busy. It is the most dangerous for c 7 at this time. When you take a bus in Japan, you should be careful, t 8 . You must always remember the vehicles move on the left, or you will go the wrong way. The vehicles have m 9 good points in Japan. There are many big buses with two floors there. You can sit on the first or the s 10 floor. They can take you anywhere. $