Unit 1 Relationships Topic Talk-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册期末词汇复习（北师大版）

期末词汇复习 选修1·北师大版·Unit1:RelationshipsTopicTalk 一、重点单词详解 1:trait 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.特性，品质 二、构词法（词性转换） 无直接词根拓展，常见词性为名词。 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词+tait:a positive/.negative trait(积极/消极特质) personality trait(性格特质) character trait(品格特质) have/show a trait of..(表现出…的特质) 四、重点辨析 trait vs.characteristic:trait侧重个人或事物的独特、稳定的特征；characteristic可指人或 事物的典型特征，范围更广。 2:passionate 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.热爱的，酷爱的：具有强烈信念的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：passion/'pe/(n.激情；热爱) 形容词：passionate(passion+-ate构成) 副词：passionately/paefenatli/(adv.热情地；激昂地) 三、用法与常见搭配 be passionate about sth./doing sth.（对某事/做某事充满热情) a passionate speech/lover(充满激情的演讲/恋人) passionate belief/interest(强烈的信念/兴趣) 四、拓展用法 可用于描述人对事物的强烈情感，如爱好、信仰等。 3:outgoing 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad.) 核心义：adj.外向的，好交际的 二、 构词法(ogeneity转换) 动词短语：g0out(外出；熄灭) 现在分词作形容词：outgoing（由go out的现在分词形式转化而来) 反义词：incoming/mkmm/(adj.进来的；新任的) 三、用法与常见搭配 an outgoing personality(外向的性格) be outgoing and friendly(外向友好) outgoing students/,people(外向的学生/人) 四、拓展用法 还可表示即将离职的”，如outgoing president(即将卸任的总统)。 4:host 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：.主办：做…的东道主；n.主人；主持人 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：host（主人；主持人；大量) 动词：host（主办；主持) 名词：hostess/heustes//(n.女主人；女主持人) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(host) host a party/conference(举办聚会/会议) host the Olympic Games(主办奥运会) host sb.（招待某人) 名词(host) a host of(大量，许多) the host nation/country(东道国) TV show host(电视节目主持人) 「四、重点辨析 host vs.hold:host强调作为主人招待或主办，如host a dinner;hold侧重组织举办，如 hold a meeting。 5:incredible 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.极好的；难以置信的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：credit/kredrt/(n.信用；相信) 形容词：credible/'kredabl/(adj.可信的) 否定前缀n-+credible→incredible(不可信的；极好的) 副词：incredibly /in'kredabli/(adv.极其；难以置信地) 三、用法与常见搭配 incredible news/.stoy（难以置信的消息/故事) incredible beauty/performance(极好的美景/表演) incredibly fast/difficult(极其快/困难) 四、拓展用法 口语中常用，表示程度极高，相当于vey,如incredibly hot(非常热)。 6:occasionally 一、核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：adv.偶尔；偶然 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：occasion/A'ker3/(n.场合；时机) 形容词：occasional/'ker3nl/(adj山.偶尔的；临时的) 副词：occasionally (occasional+-ly构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 visit occasionally(偶尔拜访) occasionally late(偶尔迟到) 反义词：frequently'fi:kwantli//(adv.频繁地) 四、重点辨析 occasionally vs.sometimes vs.rarely:occasionally频率低于sometimes,.高于rarely,表 示”不经常但有时发生”。 7:emotional 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.激起感情的；情感上的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：emotion /I'mec/(n.情感；情绪) 形容词：emotional(emotion+-al构成) 副词：emotionally'meufeneli/(adv.情感上；情绪上) 三、用法与常见搭配 emotional problem/stoy(情感问题/故事) be emotional about sth.（对某事情绪激动) emotional support(情感支持) emotional response(情绪反应) 四、重点辨析 emotional vs.sentimental:emotional侧重”易动情的；情感的”，如emotional persor; sentimental侧重”多愁善感的；感伤的”，如sentimental memories。. 8:extremely 核心考点 词性：副词(adv,) 核心义：adv.极度，极其 二、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：extreme /ik'stri:m/(adj.极端的；极度的) 副词：extremely(extreme+-y构成) 名词：extremity /ik'stremati/(n.极端；末端) 、 用法与常见搭配 extremely important/difficult(极其重要/困难) extremely cold/hot(极冷/热) 四、拓展用法 程度副词，修饰形容词或副词，表示程度极高，相当于very much,注意避免与too混 淆，extremely无”太…以至于不的含义。 9:grateful 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad.) 核心义：adj.感激的，感谢的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：gratitude/graetrtju:d(n.感激；感谢) 形容词：gI'ateful（由gratitude转化而来) 副词：gratefully/grertfali/(adv.感激地) 三、 用法与常见搭配 be grateful to sb.for sth.(因某事感激某人) grateful for help/.support(感谢帮助/支持) a grateful smile（感激的微笑) express gratefulness(表达感激) 四、重点辨析 grateful vs..thankful:grateful语气更强，强调因对方的帮助而感激；thankful侧重因好事 发生而庆幸，如thankful for good health。 10:humour 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.幽默感 二、构词法（词性转换） 美式拼写：hmor 形容词：humorous/'hju:meras/(adj.幽默的；滑稽的) 副词：humorously/'hju:meresli/(adv.幽默地) 三、用法与常见搭配 have a sense of humour(有幽默感) black humour（黑色幽默) humorous story/joke（幽默的故事/笑话) speak humorously（幽默地说话) 四、拓展用法 还可表示体液”（古用法），现代主要指”幽默感”。 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.Her outgoing personality makes her popular among classmates A)outgoing B)passionate C)host D)incredible 2.He has a strong passion for music and plays the piano every day. A)trait B)passionate C)humour D)emotional 3.The host country prepared carefully for the international conference A)trait B)passionate C)host D)incredible 4.It's incredible that she finished the marathon in under three hours A)incredible B)occasionally C)emotional D)extremely 5.She occasionally visits her grandparents on weekends. A)trait B)passionate C)host D)occasionally 6.Being grateful to others for their help is an important quality A)trait B)grateful C)humour D)emotional 7.His humorous stories always make everyone laugh A)trait B)passionate C)humour D)emotional 8.Honesty is a valuable trait that everyone should have. A)trait B)passionate C)host D)incredible 9.The team was extremely excited when they won the championship A)trait B)passionate C)host D)extremely 10.She is emotional about her childhood memories and often cries while talking about them. A)trait B)emotional C)humour D)grateful (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.She shows a strong(trait)of kindness to animals. 2.His(passion)speech inspired many young people 3.The(outgoing)student organized the class party successfully 4.China will (host)the next Asian Games in 2025. 5.The movie's ending was so(incredible)that no one expected it. 6.He(occasion)goes hiking with his friends. 7.(emotion)support from family helped her through difficult times. 8.This task is(extreme)challenging for beginners. 9.We should express_(grateful)to those who help us. 10.The actor told the story_(humorous),making the audience laugh. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.A positive p trait like patience helps in teamwork 2.She is p about painting and spends hours in the studio 3.My brother is more o_than me and enjoys meeting new people. 4.The city will h an international art festival next month. 5.The view from the mountain top was i;I couldn't believe my eyes. 6.He o_eats fast food because he prefers home-cooked meals 7.Losing a pet can cause epain for many people 8.The exam was edifficult,and most students struggled. 9.I'm g to my teacher for helping me improve my English. 10.Having a sense ofh helps people stay positive in hard times. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A B CA D B C A D B 解析1（第1题）： 考查outgoing的用法。outgoing personality表示”外向的性格”，符合句意”她外向的性 格让她在同学中很受欢迎”。 解析2（第2题）： 考查passionate的用法。have a strong passion for表示”对…有强烈的热爱，符合句 意”他对音乐有强烈的热爱，每天都弹钢琴”。 解析3（第4题）： 考查incredible的用法。incredible表示”难以置信的”，符合句意”她能在三小时内完成 马拉松真是难以置信”。 2.补全句子答案： 1.trait 2.passionate 3.outgoing 4.host 5.incredible 6.occasionally 7.Emotional 8.extremely 9.gratitude 10.humorously 3.首字母填空答案： 1.personality 2.passionate 3.outgoing 4.host 5.incredible 6.occasionally 7.emotional 8.ex- tremely 9.grateful 10.humour 英语词汇复习手册·选修1·Unit 1:Relationships Topic Talk