寒假作业12 语法填空特训（巩固培优）八年级英语新教材译林版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业12 语法填空特训 做题攻略 1. 先 “预判词性”，再填词 看空格前后的词，判断需要填什么词性： · 比如空格前是 “a few”，后面接名词→填名词； · 空格前是 “be 动词 / 介词”，后面接动词→填动名词 / 过去分词； · 空格前是 “名词”，后面接名词→填形容词（修饰名词）。 2. 固定搭配 “直接套” 积累常见固定搭配，遇到直接用： · 比如 “hundreds of”（成百上千）、“in danger”（处于危险中）、“allow sb. to do sth.”（允许某人做某事）； · 像题中 “ 2 (hundred) of”→直接填 “hundreds”；“allow visitors 6 (come)”→填 “to come”。 3. 动词变形 “看时态/语态” 动词填空先看句子的时态、主语和动词的关系： · 主语是动作的发出者→主动语态，根据时态（一般现在 / 过去等）变形式； · 主语是动作的承受者→被动语态（be + 过去分词）； · 题中 “there is a park 1 (name) Mai Po”→park 是 “被命名”，填 “named”（过去分词表被动）。 4. 冠词 “看元音 / 可数名词” 空格后是可数名词单数，先看单词开头音素： · 元音音素开头→用 “an”； · 辅音音素开头→用 “a”； · 题中 “__11 interesting park ”→interesting 是元音开头，填 “an”。 5. 词性转换 “记后缀” 遇到括号里给词，需要转换词性时，记常见后缀： · 名词变形容词：danger →dangerous； · 形容词变副词：happy→happily； · 题中 “ 10 (danger) animals”→填 “dangerous”；“play 14 (happy)”→填 “happily”。 【易错提醒】 1. 看到 “动词” 先停 3 秒 · 先判断是 “谓语动词” 还是 “非谓语动词”： ✘ 错把非谓语当谓语（比如 “____ (protect) them”，易错写成 Protect，正确是 To protect）； ✘ 谓语动词漏看 “时态 / 单复数”（比如 “Animals ____ (live) here”，主语复数，易错写成 lives）。 2. 冠词 “a/an” 别只看字母 · 不是 “元音字母开头” 就用 an，是 “元音音素开头”： ✘ 错用：“a interesting book”（正确是 an，interesting 开头音素是 /ɪ/）； ✘ 错用：“an useful tool”（正确是 a，useful 开头音素是 /ju:/）。 3. 固定搭配 “别擅自改词” · 短语里的介词 / 副词不能换： ✘ 错写：“hundred of”（正确是 hundreds of）； ✘ 错写：“allow sb. do sth.”（正确是 allow sb. to do sth.）。 4. 代词 “先看成分” · 作主语用主格（I/you/he），作宾语用宾格（me/you/him），修饰名词用形容词性物主代词（my/your/his）： ✘ 错用：“with they friends”（正确是 their）； ✘ 错用：“Let we go”（正确是 us）。 5. 比较级 / 最高级 “看标志词” · 看到 “as...as ”“so...as” 必须用原级，看到 “the”+ 范围（in class/of all）用最高级： ✘ 错用：“as bigger as”（正确是 as big as）； ✘ 错用：“he is tallest”（正确是 the tallest）。 6. 被动语态 “别漏 be 动词” · 主语是动作承受者时，必须有 “be + 过去分词”： ✘ 错写：“The book written by Lu Xun last year”（正确是 was written，缺 be 动词）。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 濒危动物篇 A Seahorses are small, thin fish. Even though they’re fish, seahorses aren’t great swimmers. Instead, they often use their tails 1 (hold) onto something in the water. There are over forty different kinds of seahorses. Many kinds of them are in danger because of the 2 (act) of humans. Sometimes people catch and sell them as pets. They are also sometimes caught by accident when boats 3 (try) to catch other fish. Seahorses are 4 (usual) because they are the fathers who carry the babies. Fathers can carry over 100 babies at a time. 5 babies are born, they are about the size of a grain of rice. Last year, around 380 seahorses were set free into the wild. To begin the project, scientists collected three “pregnant (怀孕的)” father seahorses and 6 (bring) them to the aquarium (水族馆). After the babies were born, the scientists kept them at the aquarium for five months, looking after them. About a month 7 the young seahorses were set free, the scientists created eight underwater “hotels” to provide a safe place for them to develop. 8 (put) the hotels into the sea early allowed the hotels to be covered with small sea life that can help provide food for the seahorses. This is the 9 (five) time the scientists have set free seahorses into the area. Brett Fenton, a scientist on this project, said, “We have high expectations (期待) that we’ll see 10 number of the animals grow.” B Yangtze finless porpoises (豚) in Nanjing are cute wild animals. They have smooth gray skin and round, friendly eyes. In the wild, they live 11 (main) on small fish in the Yangtze River. Once, they were in danger because of worse and worse living 12 (space) and hunting. Then, Nanjing government took action 13 (make) laws to help them. Thanks to people’s efforts, their number 14 (increase) slowly now. We should keep working hard to protect them, so they can live happily in their natural homes. Now they are in safe hands under the 15 (protect) of Nanjing government. C We Can’t Live Without Bees Imagine you go to the supermarket in 16 (you) area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs or chocolate. How would you feel? 17 (disappoint)? Angry? Sad? At this moment you realize people, plants, and animals are all connected. We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best 18 (example) of this connection. Bees are very hard-working animals, and their greatest work is pollination. On one trip, they often visit 50 to 100 flowers. As they fly from one flower 19 another, they take pollen with them. This action helps plants 20 (grow). In fact, 21 their work, about 80 percent of the plants in the world cannot grow. For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the 22 (importance) animals on this planet. Bees are also one of the most interesting animals in the world. For example, they work hard together to make their homes. In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. Another interesting thing about bees is 23 they communicate. When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance 24 (tell) the others where and how far away the food is. Bees play 25 important part in the ecosystem of our planet. However, the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried. Bees need our help, and there is a lot we can do. Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth. 自然世界篇 A One 1 (fog) autumn morning, Lily walked through the park. The wind 2 (blow) gently, carrying colorful leaves. 3 (sudden), she noticed an old tree that looked familiar. As she stood there, Lily began to understand nature in a 4 (deep) way than before. She remembered how she used to play here with friends—making snowmen in winter, picking flowers in spring, and having picnics in summer. These happy 5 (memory) made her appreciate each season even more. Walking home, Lily realized seasons don’t just change around us—they change how we see the world. B Here comes autumn! Autumn is a season of change. 6 brings new sights and different experiences. You can 7 (easy) fall in love with it. Plants change in autumn. 8 (leaf) turn red, gold and orange, and fall with the wind. But beautiful autumn flowers celebrate 9 (they) time. Chrysanthemums (菊花) and sweet osmanthus (桂花) are in bloom (盛开). Animals get 10 for winter in autumn. Birds fly to warmer places. Squirrels collect lots of nuts. Those are their food during winter. Deer grow thicker fur. The fur can keep them warm in winter time. Autumn is also the harvest (丰收) season. Farmers harvest apples, pears and oranges. In the US, once September comes, people get busy 11 (pick) pumpkins. They make them into everything, 12 pies and soups to jack-o’-lanterns (南瓜灯) on Halloween. Cool weather and fresh air 13 (make) autumn a good time for outdoor activities. Hiking, biking, camping and 14 (have) picnics are all good choices. So what are you 15 (wait) for? Go out and enjoy the beautiful fall season! C The Sahara Desert is in the north of Africa. It is the 16 (large) desert in the world, covering about 9,320,000 square kilometers. Life there in the past 17 (be) much more difficult for humans than in other places because it was hard 18 (grow) plants and find water there. The Sahara Desert 19 (have) one of the most terrible living conditions on Earth. It is very hot 20 dry all year round. The highest temperature there once 21 (reach) 58℃. Camels are the 22 (useful) means of transportation (交通工具) for people in the Sahara Desert. They are called “ships of the desert”. Oil is one of the 23 (rich) mineral resources (矿产资源) in the Sahara Desert. After the people there found it, they started to sell it 24 other countries. Then they had money to build roads and houses in the desert. 25 the living conditions in the Sahara Desert are still hard now. And people were worried about the conditions getting 26 (bad). So the government 27 (try) hard to plant trees in the past few years. They also had some educational programs to let people know the 28 (important) of saving water. As a result, The Sahara Desert became much more beautiful 29 before. The Sahara Desert reminds 30 (we) that nature is just as important as humans. So we should try our best to protect the natural world. D Water has great importance in Chinese culture. For a long time, water has been given deep meanings to 31 (education) people and rule the country. Confucius (孔子) thought water had many nice qualities. People should learn from it and improve 32 (they). The meanings behind water also made Chinese rulers follow the rules of nature and listen to the voice of people. Believed to be the beginning of all life, water also 33 (give) us life like a gentle mother. It’s impossible for our human beings to live 34 water. However, the way people and water getting along has two sides. In history, floods (洪水) brought big problems to people. Every time floods hit a village, houses fell down and hundreds of people became 35 (home). To solve the problem, Chinese people had always tried their best. For example, Yu, the first ruler of the Xia Dynasty, organized his people and 36 (dig) the waterways so that the water could easily go into the sea. Today, the want of more fresh water is another serious problem. Although almost three 37 (quarter) of the earth is covered with water, most of it couldn’t be drunk directly. There are still factories 38 (pollute) rivers and lakes, which makes things even worse. Let’s start 39 it’s too late! I believe if we take action in time, we can 40 (possible) make a difference. I really hope we can live in peace with the environment. 自然灾害与防范篇 A Everyone in the neighborhood was busy. Ben’s dad 1 (put) pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. She also put some candles and matches on the table. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain 2 (begin) to beat heavily against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. Ben could not 3 (sleep) at first. He finally fell asleep when the wind 4 (die) down at around 3:00 a.m. When he woke up, the sun was rising. He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. 5 the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors 6 (close) together. B This is a story about what a father did in an earthquake. An 8.2 earthquake 7 (hit) the city in 1989. In less than four minutes, it killed 8 (thousand) of people. Right away, a father rushed to his son’s school, 9 he sadly found the building had come down. The man almost broke down. He remembered what he always said to his son, “No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to fill his eyes. He rushed to the back right corner of the building and started digging (挖) through the stones. As he 10 (work) in piles of stones, other helpless parents arrived. They said, “It’s too late! They’re all dead! Go home! It’s 11 (possible) for you to save him!” To each parent, he answered, “Are you going to help me or not?” No one joined him. The firemen and police also came and told him 12 (stop), “There are big fires. You’re in great 13 (dangerous). We’ll take care of it. Go home.” To them, he said again, “Are you going to help me now?” No one knew what to say. His fingers were hurt badly, but he dug even 14 (quick). For a long time, he kept digging for his son, stone by stone. Then, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son 15 (shout) for help. The man called his son’s name excitedly, “Peter!” Soon he heard back, “Dad? It’s me, Dad! I knew you would save me! You said that no matter what happened, you would always be there for me! You did it, Dad!” Everyone was surprised and moved. They said to 16 (they), “Nothing is too hard for a loving father.” Sometimes, love can help us complete the most difficult work. C Tom and Rock are good friends. They like adventures (冒险). Last summer, they had a seven-day holiday, and they looked forward to 17 (try) something different. They decided to go sea fishing. The trip was wonderful in the beginning. The sun 18 (shine) brightly, and they saw some large sharks. At first, Tom and Rock were very 19 (excite) to see them. However, something bad happened soon. The sharks hit(撞击) their boat! 20 (sudden), water rushed in, and they were in danger. They had to jump into their lifeboat (救生艇) in 21 hurry before the boat went down into the sea. How 22 (danger)! The sharks left, and Tom and Rock were safe but 23 (lose) at sea. They didn’t know which way to go and had little food left. Luckily, they had a small machine to remove (移除) salt from seawater, making it safe for drinking. They also had a tool to fish. These things saved their 24 (life). They saw ships pass by and shouted, but no one heard. 25 the end, a fisherman found they needed help and saved them. Adventures can become disasters (灾难) 26 we forget about safety. We should all remember this lesson! 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业12 语法填空特训 做题攻略 1. 先 “预判词性”，再填词 看空格前后的词，判断需要填什么词性： · 比如空格前是 “a few”，后面接名词→填名词； · 空格前是 “be 动词 / 介词”，后面接动词→填动名词 / 过去分词； · 空格前是 “名词”，后面接名词→填形容词（修饰名词）。 2. 固定搭配 “直接套” 积累常见固定搭配，遇到直接用： · 比如 “hundreds of”（成百上千）、“in danger”（处于危险中）、“allow sb. to do sth.”（允许某人做某事）； · 像题中 “ 2 (hundred) of”→直接填 “hundreds”；“allow visitors 6 (come)”→填 “to come”。 3. 动词变形 “看时态/语态” 动词填空先看句子的时态、主语和动词的关系： · 主语是动作的发出者→主动语态，根据时态（一般现在 / 过去等）变形式； · 主语是动作的承受者→被动语态（be + 过去分词）； · 题中 “there is a park 1 (name) Mai Po”→park 是 “被命名”，填 “named”（过去分词表被动）。 4. 冠词 “看元音 / 可数名词” 空格后是可数名词单数，先看单词开头音素： · 元音音素开头→用 “an”； · 辅音音素开头→用 “a”； · 题中 “__11 interesting park ”→interesting 是元音开头，填 “an”。 5. 词性转换 “记后缀” 遇到括号里给词，需要转换词性时，记常见后缀： · 名词变形容词：danger →dangerous； · 形容词变副词：happy→happily； · 题中 “ 10 (danger) animals”→填 “dangerous”；“play 14 (happy)”→填 “happily”。 【易错提醒】 1. 看到 “动词” 先停 3 秒 · 先判断是 “谓语动词” 还是 “非谓语动词”： ✘ 错把非谓语当谓语（比如 “____ (protect) them”，易错写成 Protect，正确是 To protect）； ✘ 谓语动词漏看 “时态 / 单复数”（比如 “Animals ____ (live) here”，主语复数，易错写成 lives）。 2. 冠词 “a/an” 别只看字母 · 不是 “元音字母开头” 就用 an，是 “元音音素开头”： ✘ 错用：“a interesting book”（正确是 an，interesting 开头音素是 /ɪ/）； ✘ 错用：“an useful tool”（正确是 a，useful 开头音素是 /ju:/）。 3. 固定搭配 “别擅自改词” · 短语里的介词 / 副词不能换： ✘ 错写：“hundred of”（正确是 hundreds of）； ✘ 错写：“allow sb. do sth.”（正确是 allow sb. to do sth.）。 4. 代词 “先看成分” · 作主语用主格（I/you/he），作宾语用宾格（me/you/him），修饰名词用形容词性物主代词（my/your/his）： ✘ 错用：“with they friends”（正确是 their）； ✘ 错用：“Let we go”（正确是 us）。 5. 比较级 / 最高级 “看标志词” · 看到 “as...as ”“so...as” 必须用原级，看到 “the”+ 范围（in class/of all）用最高级： ✘ 错用：“as bigger as”（正确是 as big as）； ✘ 错用：“he is tallest”（正确是 the tallest）。 6. 被动语态 “别漏 be 动词” · 主语是动作承受者时，必须有 “be + 过去分词”： ✘ 错写：“The book written by Lu Xun last year”（正确是 was written，缺 be 动词）。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 濒危动物篇 A Seahorses are small, thin fish. Even though they’re fish, seahorses aren’t great swimmers. Instead, they often use their tails 1 (hold) onto something in the water. There are over forty different kinds of seahorses. Many kinds of them are in danger because of the 2 (act) of humans. Sometimes people catch and sell them as pets. They are also sometimes caught by accident when boats 3 (try) to catch other fish. Seahorses are 4 (usual) because they are the fathers who carry the babies. Fathers can carry over 100 babies at a time. 5 babies are born, they are about the size of a grain of rice. Last year, around 380 seahorses were set free into the wild. To begin the project, scientists collected three “pregnant (怀孕的)” father seahorses and 6 (bring) them to the aquarium (水族馆). After the babies were born, the scientists kept them at the aquarium for five months, looking after them. About a month 7 the young seahorses were set free, the scientists created eight underwater “hotels” to provide a safe place for them to develop. 8 (put) the hotels into the sea early allowed the hotels to be covered with small sea life that can help provide food for the seahorses. This is the 9 (five) time the scientists have set free seahorses into the area. Brett Fenton, a scientist on this project, said, “We have high expectations (期待) that we’ll see 10 number of the animals grow.” 【答案】 1．to hold 2．actions 3．try 4．unusual 5．When 6．brought 7．before 8．Putting 9．fifth 10．the 【导语】本文讲了海马因人类捕捞面临生存危机。科学家实施放归计划，有效提升当地海马种群数量。 1．句意：相反，它们经常用尾巴抓住水中的东西。use sth. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为 “用某物做某事”，此处表示海马用尾巴抓住水中的东西。故填to hold。 2．句意：由于人类的行为，许多种类的动物都处于危险之中。because of后接名词，act的名词形式是action，且人类的行为是多种的，应用复数。故填actions。 3．句意：当船只试图捕捞其他鱼类时，它们有时也会被意外捕获。此处表示通常的情况，用一般现在时，主语boats是复数，谓语动词用原形try，表示 “当船只试图捕捉其他鱼时”。故填try。 4．句意：海马是不寻常的，因为它们是孕育孩子的父亲。根据后文 “海马由雄海马孕育宝宝”这一特殊情况，可知海马是 不寻常的，usual的反义词unusual符合语境。故填unusual。 5．句意：婴儿出生时，大约有一粒米那么大。前句是时间状语从句，when当……时，符合语境。故填when。 6．句意：为了开始这个项目，科学家们收集了三只“怀孕的”海马爸爸，并将它们带到了水族馆。and连接并列的谓语动词，前面collected是过去式，所以bring也用过去式brought。故填brought。 7．句意：在幼海马被释放前约一个月，科学家们创建了八个水下“酒店”，为它们提供了一个安全的发育场所。根据逻辑，科学家建造水下旅馆是在小海马被放生之前，before在……之前，符合语境。故填before。 8．句意：尽早将酒店投入大海，可以让酒店被小型海洋生物覆盖，为海马提供食物。此处是动名词作主语，put的动名词形式是Putting，表示“提前把旅馆放入海中”这一行为。故填Putting。 9．句意：这是科学家们第五次将海马放归该地区。the + 序数词，表示“第……”，five的序数词是fifth，表示“第五次”。故填fifth。 10．句意：我们对动物数量的增长抱有很高的期望。the number of...是固定短语，意为“……的数量”，此处表示“我们期待看到这种动物的数量增长”。故填the。 B Yangtze finless porpoises (豚) in Nanjing are cute wild animals. They have smooth gray skin and round, friendly eyes. In the wild, they live 11 (main) on small fish in the Yangtze River. Once, they were in danger because of worse and worse living 12 (space) and hunting. Then, Nanjing government took action 13 (make) laws to help them. Thanks to people’s efforts, their number 14 (increase) slowly now. We should keep working hard to protect them, so they can live happily in their natural homes. Now they are in safe hands under the 15 (protect) of Nanjing government. 【答案】11．mainly 12．space 13．to make 14．is increasing 15．protection 【导语】本文主要介绍了长江江豚濒临灭绝以及政府采取措施保护他们，呼吁人类应该保护江豚。 11．句意：在野外，它们主要靠长江里的小鱼为生。“live”为动词，此处应该用main的副词形式修饰动词live。 故填mainly。 12．句意：曾经它们因为越来越差的生存空间和捕猎濒临灭绝。 “living”此处表示生存的，形容词修饰名词，横线上需要填写名词。 故填space。 13．句意：之后，南京政府采取行动，立法来帮助它们。“took action”经常和介词to连接,构成动词短语take action to do sth.表示采取行动去做某事 。故填to make。 14．句意：感谢人们的努力，现在它们的数量正在慢慢增加。根据动词“slowly” 可知，横线处要填写动词，又因为“now” ，句子时态为现在进行时。主语“their number”是单数，be动词填写is。故填is increasing。 15．句意：现在它们在南京政府的保护下得到安全保护。“of ”是从属介词，前面横线处要填写名词。protect为动词，名词形式为protection。 故填protection。 C We Can’t Live Without Bees Imagine you go to the supermarket in 16 (you) area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs or chocolate. How would you feel? 17 (disappoint)? Angry? Sad? At this moment you realize people, plants, and animals are all connected. We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best 18 (example) of this connection. Bees are very hard-working animals, and their greatest work is pollination. On one trip, they often visit 50 to 100 flowers. As they fly from one flower 19 another, they take pollen with them. This action helps plants 20 (grow). In fact, 21 their work, about 80 percent of the plants in the world cannot grow. For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the 22 (importance) animals on this planet. Bees are also one of the most interesting animals in the world. For example, they work hard together to make their homes. In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. Another interesting thing about bees is 23 they communicate. When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance 24 (tell) the others where and how far away the food is. Bees play 25 important part in the ecosystem of our planet. However, the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried. Bees need our help, and there is a lot we can do. Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth. 【答案】 16．your 17．Disappointed 18．examples 19．to 20．grow/to grow 21．without 22．most important 23．how 24．to tell 25．an 【导语】本文主要讲述了蜜蜂在生态系统中的重要性。 16．句意：想象一下，你去所在区域的超市，却几乎没有水果、蔬菜、蜂蜜、牛奶、鸡蛋或巧克力。根据“Imagine you go to the supermarket in…(you) area,”可知，修饰名词area，需用形容词性物主代词，you的形容词性物主代词为your，意为“你的”。故填your。 17．句意：感到失望？生气？难过？根据“(disappoint)? Angry? Sad?”可知，此处需用形容词描述人的感受，disappoint的形容词形式为disappointed“感到失望的”，位于句首首字母大写。故填Disappointed。 18．句意：我们彼此需要才能生存，而蜜蜂就是这种联系的最佳例子之一。根据“one of the best…(example) of this connection.”可知，“one of + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，example的复数形式为 examples。故填examples。 19．句意：当它们从一朵花飞到另一朵花时，会随身携带花粉。根据“they fly from one flower…another,”可知，固定搭配“from one...to another...”意为“从一个……到另一个……”，此处表示“从一朵花到另一朵花。故填to。 20．句意：这个动作有助于植物生长。根据“helps plants…(grow).”可知，固定搭配“help sb (to) do sth”，此处用动词原形grow，也可用动词不定式to grow，意为“帮助植物生长”。故填grow/to grow。 21．句意：事实上，没有它们的工作，世界上约 80% 的植物无法生长。根据“In fact,…their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow.”可知，前文强调蜜蜂授粉的作用，此处表示“没有它们的工作，世界上约 80% 的植物无法生长”，介词without“没有”符合语境。故填without。 22．句意：因此，许多科学家认为蜜蜂是这个星球上最重要的动物。根据“believe that bees are the…(importance) animals on this planet.”可知，定冠词the后接形容词最高级，importance的形容词形式为important，最高级为most important，意为“最重要的”。故填most important。 23．句意：关于蜜蜂另一个有趣的事情是它们如何沟通。根据“Another interesting thing about bees is…they communicate.”可知，空格后面“they communicate”是一个完整的句子，前面“is”表明这里需要一个连接词引导表语从句。“how”表示“方式”，意为“它们沟通的方式”。故填how。 24．句意：当一只蜜蜂找到新的食物时，它会用舞蹈告诉其他蜜蜂食物在哪里、有多远。根据“When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance…(tell) the others where and how far away the food is.”可知，用不定式作目的状语，“use sth. to do sth.”意为“用某物做某事”，此处表示“用舞蹈告诉其他蜜蜂食物的位置和距离”。故填to tell。 25．句意：蜜蜂在我们星球的生态系统中扮演着重要角色。根据“Bees play…important part in the ecosystem of our planet.”可知，固定短语“play an important part in”意为“在……中起重要作用”，important以元音音素开头，应用冠词an。故填an。 自然世界篇 A One 1 (fog) autumn morning, Lily walked through the park. The wind 2 (blow) gently, carrying colorful leaves. 3 (sudden), she noticed an old tree that looked familiar. As she stood there, Lily began to understand nature in a 4 (deep) way than before. She remembered how she used to play here with friends—making snowmen in winter, picking flowers in spring, and having picnics in summer. These happy 5 (memory) made her appreciate each season even more. Walking home, Lily realized seasons don’t just change around us—they change how we see the world. 【答案】1．foggy 2．was blowing 3．Suddenly 4．deeper 5．memories 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Lily在一个有雾的秋日早晨漫步公园，回忆起过去与朋友在此玩耍的快乐时光，从而对自然和季节有了更深的理解和感悟。 1．句意：在一个有雾的秋日早晨，Lily穿过公园。根据“One...(fog) autumn morning”可知，此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“autumn morning”，表示“有雾的早晨”。fog的形容词形式是foggy。故填foggy。 2．句意：风轻轻地吹着，携带着五彩斑斓的树叶。根据“The wind...(blow) gently”可知，此处描述的是当时正在发生的动作，即风正在轻轻地吹，所以应该用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+doing”，主语“The wind”是第三人称单数，所以be动词用was，blow的现在分词是blowing。故填was blowing。 3．句意：突然，她注意到一棵看起来很熟悉的老树。根据“...(sudden), she noticed an old tree that looked familiar.”可知，此处需要一个副词来修饰整个句子，表示“突然地”。sudden的副词形式是suddenly，且位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Suddenly。 4．句意：当她站在那里时，Lily开始以一种比以前更深的方式理解自然。根据“Lily began to understand nature in a...(deep) way than before.”可知，此处需要一个形容词的比较级形式来修饰名词“way”，表示“更深的方式”。deep的比较级是deeper。故填deeper。 5．句意：这些快乐的回忆让她更加珍惜每一个季节。根据“These happy...(memory) made her appreciate each season even more.”可知，此处需要一个名词的复数形式来作主语，表示“这些快乐的回忆”。memory的复数形式是memories。故填memories。 B Here comes autumn! Autumn is a season of change. 6 brings new sights and different experiences. You can 7 (easy) fall in love with it. Plants change in autumn. 8 (leaf) turn red, gold and orange, and fall with the wind. But beautiful autumn flowers celebrate 9 (they) time. Chrysanthemums (菊花) and sweet osmanthus (桂花) are in bloom (盛开). Animals get 10 for winter in autumn. Birds fly to warmer places. Squirrels collect lots of nuts. Those are their food during winter. Deer grow thicker fur. The fur can keep them warm in winter time. Autumn is also the harvest (丰收) season. Farmers harvest apples, pears and oranges. In the US, once September comes, people get busy 11 (pick) pumpkins. They make them into everything, 12 pies and soups to jack-o’-lanterns (南瓜灯) on Halloween. Cool weather and fresh air 13 (make) autumn a good time for outdoor activities. Hiking, biking, camping and 14 (have) picnics are all good choices. So what are you 15 (wait) for? Go out and enjoy the beautiful fall season! 【答案】 6．It 7．easily 8．Leaves 9．their 10．ready 11．picking 12．from 13．make 14．having 15．waiting 【导语】本文讲述了秋天是一个变化的季节。它带来了新的风景和不同的体验。你很容易爱上它。 6．句意：它带来了新的风景和不同的体验。根据“Autumn is a season of change.”可知，这里用it指代秋天，it位于句首，首字母需要大写。故填It。 7．句意：你会容易爱上它。根据“You can...fall in love with it.”可知，此处应使用副词修饰动词。故填easily。 8．句意：树叶变成红色、金色和橙色，随风飘落。leaf“树叶”，可数名词，此处应使用复数形式leaves，且首字母开头应大写。故填Leaves。 9．句意：但美丽的秋花庆祝着它们的时间。根据“beautiful autumn flowers”可知，这里指美丽的秋花庆祝着它们的时间，their“它们的”符合语境。故填their。 10．句意：动物们在秋天准备过冬。根据“Animals get...for winter in autumn.”可知，此处指为冬天做准备，get ready for“为……做准备”，固定搭配。故填ready。 11．句意：在美国，一旦九月来临，人们就会忙着摘南瓜。be busy doing sth.“忙着做某事”，此处应使用动名词作宾语。故填picking。 12．句意：他们把它们做成任何东西，从巧克力蛋糕到万圣节的南瓜灯。根据“They make them into everything, ...pies and soups to jack-o’-lanterns (南瓜灯) on Halloween.”可知，此处指从巧克力蛋糕到万圣节的南瓜灯。from...to...“从……到……”。故填from。 13．句意：凉爽的天气和新鲜的空气使秋天成为户外活动的好时机。根据“Cool weather and fresh air...autumn a good time for outdoor activities.”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，因此使用动词原形。故填make。 14．句意：徒步旅行、骑自行车、露营和野餐都是不错的选择。根据“Hiking, biking, camping and...picnics are all good choices.”可知， 此处应使用动名词作主语。故填having。 15．句意：那么你还在等什么呢？根据“So what are you...for?”可知，句子时态为现在进行时，结构为be doing。故填waiting。 C The Sahara Desert is in the north of Africa. It is the 16 (large) desert in the world, covering about 9,320,000 square kilometers. Life there in the past 17 (be) much more difficult for humans than in other places because it was hard 18 (grow) plants and find water there. The Sahara Desert 19 (have) one of the most terrible living conditions on Earth. It is very hot 20 dry all year round. The highest temperature there once 21 (reach) 58℃. Camels are the 22 (useful) means of transportation (交通工具) for people in the Sahara Desert. They are called “ships of the desert”. Oil is one of the 23 (rich) mineral resources (矿产资源) in the Sahara Desert. After the people there found it, they started to sell it 24 other countries. Then they had money to build roads and houses in the desert. 25 the living conditions in the Sahara Desert are still hard now. And people were worried about the conditions getting 26 (bad). So the government 27 (try) hard to plant trees in the past few years. They also had some educational programs to let people know the 28 (important) of saving water. As a result, The Sahara Desert became much more beautiful 29 before. The Sahara Desert reminds 30 (we) that nature is just as important as humans. So we should try our best to protect the natural world. 【答案】 16．largest 17．was 18．to grow 19．has 20．and 21．reached 22．most useful 23．richest 24．to 25．But 26．worse 27．has tried 28．importance 29．than 30．us 【导语】本文介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的基本情况、过去与现在的生存条件，以及人们为改善其环境所做的努力，提醒人们保护自然。 16．句意：它是世界上最大的沙漠，占地面积约932万平方公里。根据“in the world”可知，此处是在世界范围内进行比较，要用形容词的最高级形式。“large”的最高级是“largest”，表示“最大的”，符合语境。故填largest。 17．句意：过去，那里的生活对人类来说比其他地方困难得多，因为在那里很难种植植物和找到水。根据“in the past”可知，句子描述的是过去的情况，时态为一般过去时，主语“Life”是不可数名词，对应的be动词用“was”，符合语境。故填was。 18．句意：过去，那里的生活对人类来说比其他地方困难得多，因为在那里很难种植植物和找到水。根据“it was hard...”可知，此处考查句型“it is + 形容词 + to do sth.”，“grow”意为“种植”，其动词不定式形式是“to grow”，符合语境。故填to grow。 19．句意：撒哈拉沙漠拥有地球上最恶劣的生存条件之一。结合语境可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“The Sahara Desert”是单数名词，视为第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。“have”意为“拥有”，其第三人称单数形式是“has”，符合语境。故填has。 20．句意：那里全年都非常炎热且干燥。根据“very hot”和“dry”可知，二者是并列关系，都是在描述撒哈拉沙漠的气候特点，需要用表示并列关系的连词连接。“and”意为“和，且”，符合语境。故填and。 21．句意：那里的最高温度曾经达到过58摄氏度。根据“once”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式。“reach”意为“达到”，其过去式是“reached”，符合语境。故填reached。 22．句意：骆驼是撒哈拉沙漠中对人们来说最有用的交通工具。根据“the...means of transportation”以及语境可知，此处是在强调骆驼在当地交通工具中的重要性，要用形容词的最高级形式。“useful”意为“有用的”，其最高级形式是“most useful”，符合语境。故填most useful。 23．句意：石油是撒哈拉沙漠中最丰富的矿产资源之一。根据“one of the...mineral resources”可知，此处考查固定结构“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”，表示“……中最……之一”。“rich”意为“丰富的”，其最高级形式是“richest”，符合语境。故填richest。 24．句意：在那里的人们发现石油后，他们开始把石油卖给其他国家。根据“sell it...other countries”可知，此处考查“sell sth. to sb.”，意为“把某物卖给某人”。“to”是介词，符合语境。故填to。 25．句意：但是现在撒哈拉沙漠的生存条件仍然很恶劣。根据“they had money to build roads and houses in the desert”和后文“the living conditions in the Sahara Desert are still hard now”可知，前后句存在转折关系。“but”意为“但是”，是表示转折关系的连词，可直接连接两个转折关系的句子，符合语境。故填But。 26．句意：而且人们担心情况会变得更糟。根据“worried about the conditions getting...”以及语境可知，此处是在说人们担心生存条件比现在更差，需要用形容词的比较级形式。“bad”意为“糟糕的”，其比较级形式是“worse”，符合语境。故填worse。 27．句意：所以在过去的几年里，政府一直在努力植树。根据“in the past few years”可知，句子描述的是从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，时态为现在完成时，其结构是“have/has + 过去分词”。主语“the government”可视为单数名词，助动词用“has”；“try”意为“努力，尝试”，其过去分词是“tried”，符合语境。故填has tried。 28．句意：他们还开展了一些教育项目，让人们了解节约用水的重要性。根据“the...of saving water”可知，此处需要用名词形式作“know”的宾语，“important”意为“重要的”，是形容词，其名词形式是“importance”，“the importance of...”意为“……的重要性”，符合语境。故填importance。 29．句意：结果，撒哈拉沙漠变得比以前漂亮多了。根据“much more beautiful...before”可知，此处是将撒哈拉沙漠现在的样子和以前进行比较，需要用表示比较的连词。“than”意为“比”，用于比较级之后，符合语境。故填than。 30．句意：撒哈拉沙漠提醒我们，自然和人类同样重要。根据“reminds...”可知，此处考查“remind sb.”，其中“sb.”是宾语，需要用宾格形式。“we”意为“我们”，是主格，其宾格形式是“us”，符合语境。故填us。 D Water has great importance in Chinese culture. For a long time, water has been given deep meanings to 31 (education) people and rule the country. Confucius (孔子) thought water had many nice qualities. People should learn from it and improve 32 (they). The meanings behind water also made Chinese rulers follow the rules of nature and listen to the voice of people. Believed to be the beginning of all life, water also 33 (give) us life like a gentle mother. It’s impossible for our human beings to live 34 water. However, the way people and water getting along has two sides. In history, floods (洪水) brought big problems to people. Every time floods hit a village, houses fell down and hundreds of people became 35 (home). To solve the problem, Chinese people had always tried their best. For example, Yu, the first ruler of the Xia Dynasty, organized his people and 36 (dig) the waterways so that the water could easily go into the sea. Today, the want of more fresh water is another serious problem. Although almost three 37 (quarter) of the earth is covered with water, most of it couldn’t be drunk directly. There are still factories 38 (pollute) rivers and lakes, which makes things even worse. Let’s start 39 it’s too late! I believe if we take action in time, we can 40 (possible) make a difference. I really hope we can live in peace with the environment. 【答案】 31．educate 32．themselves 33．gives 34．without 35．homeless 36．dug 37．quarters 38．polluting 39．before 40．possibly 【导语】本文讲述水在中国文化中的重要意义，以及水给人类带来的双面影响。并呼吁人们及时采取行动保护环境。 31．句意：长期以来，水被赋予了深刻的意义，它既教育人们，又治理着国家。根据“For a long time, water has been given deep meanings to...people and rule the country.”及所给单词可知，此处表示长期以来，水被赋予了深刻的意义，它既教育人们，又治理着国家。to后接动词原形。education“教育”，名词，动词形式为educate。故填educate。 32．句意：人们应该从中吸取教训，改进他们自己。根据“People should learn from it and improve...”及所给单词可知，此处表示人们应该从中吸取教训，改进他们自己。they“他们”，人称代词主格，反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。 33．句意：水被认为是所有生命的起源，它也像一位温柔的母亲一样给我们带来生命。根据“water also...us life like a gentle mother.”及所给单词可知，此处表示水也像一位温柔的母亲一样给我们带来生命。结合语境，此处为一般现在时。water作主语，谓语动词用三单。give的第三人称单数形式为gives。故填gives。 34．句意：我们人类不可能生活在没有水的地方。根据“It’s impossible for our human beings to live...water.”及上下文可知，此处表示我们人类不可能生活在没有水的地方。without“没有”，符合语境。故填without。 35．句意：每逢洪水袭击一个村庄，房屋就倒塌了，数百人沦为无家可归者。根据“Every time floods hit a village, houses fell down and hundreds of people became...”及所给单词可知，此处表示每逢洪水袭击一个村庄，房屋就倒塌了，数百人沦为无家可归者。home“家”，homeless“无家可归的人”，符合语境。故填homeless。 36．句意：例如，夏朝的第一位统治者禹组织他的人民挖河道，使水可以容易地流入大海。根据“organized his people and...the waterways so that the water could easily go into the sea.”及所给单词可知，该句时态为一般过去时，表示禹组织他的人民挖河道，让水流入大海。dig“挖”，动词原形，过去式为dug。故填dug。 37．句意：尽管地球表面几乎有四分之三被水覆盖，大部分不能直接饮用。根据“three”可知，后接可数名词复数。quarter的复数形式为quarters。故填quarters。 38．句意：还有工厂向河流和湖泊排放污水，这使情况变得更糟。根据“There are still factories...rivers and lakes,”可知，此处表示还有工厂向河流和湖泊排放污水。考查固定结构：There are sth. doing sth.“有某物正在做……”。故填polluting。 39．句意：在太晚之前让我们开始吧。根据“I believe if we take action in time, we can possibly make a difference.”可知，我相信，如果我们及时采取行动，我们或许能有所作为。推测此处应该表示在太晚之前让我们开始吧。before“在……之前”，符合语境。故填before。 40．句意：我相信，如果我们及时采取行动，我们或许能有所作为。根据“we can...make a difference.”可知，此处用副词修饰动词make。possible的副词形式为possibly。故填possibly。 自然灾害与防范篇 A Everyone in the neighborhood was busy. Ben’s dad 1 (put) pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. She also put some candles and matches on the table. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain 2 (begin) to beat heavily against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. Ben could not 3 (sleep) at first. He finally fell asleep when the wind 4 (die) down at around 3:00 a.m. When he woke up, the sun was rising. He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. 5 the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors 6 (close) together. 【答案】1．was putting 2．began 3．sleep 4．was dying 5．Although 6．closer 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了本一家在暴风雨来临时的经历及灾后情况。 1．句意：本的爸爸正在用木板封住窗户，而他的妈妈则在确认手电筒和收音机是否能用。根据“while his mom was making sure”，此处用过去进行时表示同时进行的动作，结构为“was+现在分词”，put的现在分词为putting，故填was putting。 2．句意：本正在帮妈妈做晚饭，这时雨开始猛烈地砸向窗户。“when”引导的时间状语从句中，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时，begin的过去式为began，故填began。 3．句意：本起初无法入睡。“could not”后接动词原形，故填sleep。 4．句意：凌晨3点左右风势减弱时，他终于睡着了。此处用过去进行时表示“风正在减弱”，结构为“was+现在分词”，die的现在分词为dying，故填was dying。 5．句意：尽管暴风雨毁坏了许多东西，却让家人和邻居们走得更近了。前后两句为转折关系，用连词although“尽管”引导让步状语从句，句首首字母大写，故填Although。 6．句意：尽管暴风雨毁坏了许多东西，却让家人和邻居们走得更近了。根据“it brought families and neighbors…(close) together”可知，此处表示暴风雨让关系变得更紧密，用close的比较级closer，故填closer。 B This is a story about what a father did in an earthquake. An 8.2 earthquake 7 (hit) the city in 1989. In less than four minutes, it killed 8 (thousand) of people. Right away, a father rushed to his son’s school, 9 he sadly found the building had come down. The man almost broke down. He remembered what he always said to his son, “No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to fill his eyes. He rushed to the back right corner of the building and started digging (挖) through the stones. As he 10 (work) in piles of stones, other helpless parents arrived. They said, “It’s too late! They’re all dead! Go home! It’s 11 (possible) for you to save him!” To each parent, he answered, “Are you going to help me or not?” No one joined him. The firemen and police also came and told him 12 (stop), “There are big fires. You’re in great 13 (dangerous). We’ll take care of it. Go home.” To them, he said again, “Are you going to help me now?” No one knew what to say. His fingers were hurt badly, but he dug even 14 (quick). For a long time, he kept digging for his son, stone by stone. Then, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son 15 (shout) for help. The man called his son’s name excitedly, “Peter!” Soon he heard back, “Dad? It’s me, Dad! I knew you would save me! You said that no matter what happened, you would always be there for me! You did it, Dad!” Everyone was surprised and moved. They said to 16 (they), “Nothing is too hard for a loving father.” Sometimes, love can help us complete the most difficult work. 【答案】 7．hit 8．thousands 9．but 10．was working 11．impossible 12．to stop 13．danger 14．more quickly 15．shouting 16．themselves 【导语】本文讲述了在一次地震中一位伟大的父亲凭借坚定的信念和勇气救出了儿子的故事，展示了父爱的伟大。 7．句意：1989年，这座城市发生了8.2级地震。根据“in 1989”可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填hit。 8．句意：在不到四分钟的时间里，它杀死了数千人。此处表示概数，数词用复数形式+of，故填thousands。 9．句意：一位父亲马上赶到儿子的学校，但他悲伤地发现大楼倒塌了。空格前后是转折关系，应填but，故填but。 10．句意：当他在成堆的石头中工作时，其他无助的父母来了。根据“As he… in piles of stones, other helpless parents arrived”可知，在他开始挖的时候，其他父母来了，此处表示在过去某个时段正在发生的事情，用过去进行时was/were doing的结构，根据he可知，助动词用was，故填was working。 11．句意：你救不了他了。is后接形容词作表语，根据“It’s too late! They’re all dead”可知，太迟了，孩子们都死了，所以不可能救得了他，impossible“不可能的”，故填impossible。 12．句意：消防队员和警察也来了，叫他停下来。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人去做某事”，动词不定式作宾补，故填to stop。 13．句意：你现在很危险。in danger“处于危险之中”，名词作宾语，故填danger。 14．句意：他的手指伤得很重，但他挖得更快了。此空修饰动词dug，应填副词quickly，even修饰副词，故填more quickly。 15．句意：然后，在第38个小时，他拉开了一块大石头，听到儿子大声呼救。根据“heard his son… for help”可知，此处指听到儿子正在呼救，hear sb doing sth“听到某人正在做某事”，故填shouting。 16．句意：他们自言自语“对一个慈爱的父亲来说，没有什么是办不到的。”say to oneself“自言自语”，此空应填反身代词，故填themselves。 C Tom and Rock are good friends. They like adventures (冒险). Last summer, they had a seven-day holiday, and they looked forward to 17 (try) something different. They decided to go sea fishing. The trip was wonderful in the beginning. The sun 18 (shine) brightly, and they saw some large sharks. At first, Tom and Rock were very 19 (excite) to see them. However, something bad happened soon. The sharks hit(撞击) their boat! 20 (sudden), water rushed in, and they were in danger. They had to jump into their lifeboat (救生艇) in 21 hurry before the boat went down into the sea. How 22 (danger)! The sharks left, and Tom and Rock were safe but 23 (lose) at sea. They didn’t know which way to go and had little food left. Luckily, they had a small machine to remove (移除) salt from seawater, making it safe for drinking. They also had a tool to fish. These things saved their 24 (life). They saw ships pass by and shouted, but no one heard. 25 the end, a fisherman found they needed help and saved them. Adventures can become disasters (灾难) 26 we forget about safety. We should all remember this lesson! 【答案】 17．trying 18．shone 19．excited 20．Suddenly 21．a 22．dangerous 23．lost 24．lives 25．In 26．if/when 【导语】本文讲述了Tom和Rock的一次冒险经历，他们因鲨鱼撞击船只陷入危险，最终获救，借此强调冒险时安全的重要性。 17．句意：去年夏天，他们有七天假期，期待尝试不同的事物。根据“looked forward to”可知，to是介词，后接动名词，try的动名词是trying。故填trying。 18．句意：太阳明亮地照耀着，他们看到了一些大鲨鱼。根据“The trip was wonderful in the beginning.”可知文章时态为一般过去时，shine的过去式是shone。故填shone。 19．句意：起初，Tom和Rock看到它们非常兴奋。根据“Tom and Rock were very”可知，此处修饰人，用excite的形容词excited。故填excited。 20．句意：突然，水涌了进来，他们陷入危险。根据“water rushed in, and they were in danger”可知，此处修饰整个句子，用sudden的副词Suddenly，句首首字母大写。故填Suddenly。 21．句意：他们不得不在船沉入大海前匆忙跳进救生艇。根据“in...hurry”可知，这里是in a hurry，意为“匆忙地”。故填a。 22．句意：多么危险啊！根“How…”可知，这里是“how+形容词”引导感叹句，danger的形容词是 dangerous。故填dangerous。 23．句意：鲨鱼离开了，Tom和Rock安全了，但在海上迷路了。根据“Tom and Rock were safe but”可知，这里是be lost，意为“迷路”。故填lost。 24．句意：这些东西挽救了他们的生命。根据“their”可知，后接可数名词复数，life的复数是lives。故填lives。 25．句意：最后，一个渔民发现他们需要帮助并救了他们。根据“…the end”可知，这里是in the end，意为“最后”，句首首字母大写。故填In。 26．句意：如果我们忘记安全，冒险会变成灾难。根据“Adventures can become disasters…we forget about safety”可知，此处可表示“如果”(if)或“当……时”(when)，引导状语从句。故填if/when。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $