Unit 4 History and Traditions重点单词，词性转换，短语，句型，语法练习-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第二册

Unit 4 History and Traditions 重点单词，短语，句型，语法练习 重点单词变形 1．____________n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→____________ adj.令人困惑的→____________ adj.感到困惑的 2．____________ n．防御；保卫→____________ v．防御；保卫→____________ adj.防御的；保护的 3．____________ adj.法律的；合法的→____________ adj.不合法的 4．____________ vt.围绕；包围→____________ adj.周围的→____________ n．周围的环境 5．____________ n．证据；证明→____________ adj.明显的 6．____________ n．成就；成绩；达到→____________ vt.达到；实现 7．____________ n．地方；地点；位置→____________ vt.位于；找……的位置 8．____________ adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→____________ v．使……入迷，迷住→____________ adj.着迷的 9．____________ vt.宣布；通知；声称→____________ n．宣布；通知→____________ n．广播员；解说员 10．____________ n．诗人→____________ n．诗歌→____________ n．诗歌(总称) 11．____________ adj.引人注目的；显著的→____________ vt.打击；攻击；打动 n．罢工 12．____________ n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→____________ adj.拥挤的 一、单句语法填空 1．The ruins of a Norman (mansion) stand on that hillside. 2．The legal (defend) system was established under Anglo-Saxon law. 3．The poet wrote about the scent of (cattle) in the Irish countryside. 4．Scotland’s (strike) highlands attract millions of tourists yearly. 5．The (achieve) of Roman engineering can still be seen in the ruins. 6．The scenery here is so (fascinate) that it is totally beyond description. 7．I’m talking about the girl (dress) in a red skirt as a princess. 8．On Saturday a seven-year-old girl became Beijing’s first (confirm) case of the H7N9 strain. 9．Schools should be lively places where (individual) are capable of developing to their greatest potential. 10．The government takes tight control of the development of (cemetery). 11．We evaluated a variety of different (approach) to this challenge. 12．Most parents will have (eager) asked their child about their day, only to meet with a “good”, quickly followed by “I’m hungry”. 13．The artist’s (adapt) of vivid colors adds a unique depth to the painting. 14．The ambitious general intended (conquer) not just neighboring lands but also people’s hearts. 15．As the sun set, we stood still, (feast) our eyes on the view. 16．She covered her mouth, (roar) with laughter at his silly mistake. 17．The book (belong) to Tom was left on the table, so I returned it to him. 18．No matter how busy she is，Lily manages to get her work (finish) on time. 19．Modern science has given clear (evident) that smoking can lead to many diseases. 20．The memory of the past time came (crowd) into my mind when I saw the picture. 二、单词拼写 21．It is really a great (成就) for such a young athlete. 22．The Battle of Hastings (标志着) the Norman conquest of England. 23．He had just arrived there when he was (包围) by his fans. 24．The place was (拥挤的) and that made the situation dangerous. 25．But not all of us have the opportunity to receive such training because of our (个人的) work and activities. 26．Now that you are crazy about Chinese painting, why not appreciate the painting exhibition in the city (画廊)? 27．I took part in the knowledge competition on garbage sorting, which brought me a great sense of (成就). 28．The advertisement (目标) at young people drew a lot of attention in public. 29．There are many herds of (牛) on the grassland. 30．Sometimes he is funny; sometimes he seems like a (诗人). 三、完成句子 31．店长昨天宣布，前100名顾客可享受5折特别优惠。 Yesterday the store manager a special 50% for the first 100 customers. 32．The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient city that has a history Roman times. 首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到古罗马时代。 33．The Vikings came in the eighth century and lots of new vocabulary, and also the names of many across the UK. 维京人于公元8世纪到来，留下了许多新词汇，同时也留下了英国各地方的地名。 34．They use the same flag, the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and . 像拥有相同的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗（称为“英国国旗”）。 35．The four countries that the United Kingdom work together in some areas. 属于英国的这四个国家在某些方面共同合作。 36．组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑，这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。 The musicians were to play music play jokes on each other, most of which were based loosely on the Beatles. 37．他逃离了他的老朋友，开始了新的生活。 He his old friends and started a new life. 38．老人安慰那个被他人取笑的孩子。 The old man comforted the child by others. 39．50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。 At age 50, she found herself and with only . 40．他们在抗击这种新型病毒方面取得了惊人的成就。 They in the fight against the novel virus. 四、语法填空 （25-26高一上·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On September 3, 2025, China held a grand military parade (阅兵) in Beijing to mark the 1 (eighty) anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. The parade, 2 (organize) in the name of the nation, took place along Chang’an Avenue. Not only was it a look back at those years of fire and blood, but a strong message to the world: China was committed to peace and ready to build a community with a shared future 3 mankind. Soldiers and modern equipment displayed on Tian’anmen Square showed China’s determination 4 (protect) the post-war international order. Among them, the Dongfeng-5C, the 5 (late) and most advanced liquid-fuelled intercontinental ballistic missiles (液体洲际导弹), 6 (make) its first public appearance. The spirit of the Chinese people during the 14-year resistance war, 7 had cost more than 35 million lives, was remembered in every formation that passed the rostrum (指挥台). By honoring the martyrs (烈士), the parade reminded everyone that peace was not given, 8 earned through great loss. When 9 national anthem (国歌) was played, every citizen felt the 10 (responsible) to carry forward the hard-won peace. （24-25高一下·福建莆田·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The United Kingdom or the UK 1 (make) up of four countries. They are England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. It has 2 interesting and long history. Everywhere you go in the country, you will be surrounded 3 evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. The Romans, 4 achievements included building towns and roads, came first in the first century. Then in the fifth century arrived Anglo­Saxons who introduced the beginnings of English language and changed the way people built houses.The Vikings came in the eighth century. They left behind lots of new vocabulary and also the names of many 5 (location) across the UK. The last group, the Normans, 6 (conquer) England in the 11th century. They had castles 7 (build) all around there. The Normans were in fact French, so many French words 8 (slow) entered into the English language. The UK is a 9 (fascinate) mix of history and modern culture. If you keep eyes open, you will be surprised 10 (find) that you can see both its past and present. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 History and Traditions 重点单词，短语，句型，语法练习 重点单词变形 1．puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj.令人困惑的→puzzled adj.感到困惑的 2．defence n．防御；保卫→defend v．防御；保卫→defensive adj.防御的；保护的 3．legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.不合法的 4．surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．周围的环境 5．evidence n．证据；证明→evident adj.明显的 6．achievement n．成就；成绩；达到→achieve vt.达到；实现 7．location n．地方；地点；位置→locate vt.位于；找……的位置 8．fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinate v．使……入迷，迷住→fascinated adj.着迷的 9．announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→announcement n．宣布；通知→announcer n．广播员；解说员 10．poet n．诗人→poem n．诗歌→poetry n．诗歌(总称) 11．striking adj.引人注目的；显著的→strike vt.打击；攻击；打动 n．罢工 12．crowd n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的 一、单句语法填空 1．The ruins of a Norman (mansion) stand on that hillside. 【答案】mansion 【详解】考查名词。句意：一座诺曼式宅邸的废墟矗立在那片山坡上。此处为名词作介词“of”的宾语，所给词“mansion”本身为名词，意为“宅邸；大厦”，且根据空前的不定冠词“a”可知，应用单数形式。故填mansion。 2．The legal (defend) system was established under Anglo-Saxon law. 【答案】defence 【详解】考查名词。句意：法律辩护制度是根据盎格鲁 ‒ 撒克逊法律建立的。此处为名词作定语修饰system，defend的名词形式defence意为“防御，辩护”，legal defence system意为“法律辩护制度”，符合句意。故填defence。 3．The poet wrote about the scent of (cattle) in the Irish countryside. 【答案】cattle 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位诗人描写了爱尔兰乡村里牛群的气味。cattle本身是集合名词，单复数同形，此处表示 “牛群”，应用其原形。故填cattle。 4．Scotland’s (strike) highlands attract millions of tourists yearly. 【答案】striking 【详解】考查形容词。句意：苏格兰引人注目的高地每年吸引数百万游客。根据空格后的名词“highlands”可知，此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词。strike的形容词形式为striking，意为“引人注目的”，符合句意。故填striking。 5．The (achieve) of Roman engineering can still be seen in the ruins. 【答案】achievement 【详解】考查名词。句意：罗马工程的成就仍然可以在废墟中看到。空处用于The之后，介词of之前，应用名词achievement，意为“成就”，作句子主语，此处为抽象概念，不可数。故填achievement。 6．The scenery here is so (fascinate) that it is totally beyond description. 【答案】fascinating 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这里的风景如此迷人，简直无法形容。空处在句子中作表语，应用形容词形式，描述主语scenery的特征。fascinate，动词，意为“使着迷，吸引”，其形容词形式为fascinating，意为“迷人的，吸引人的”。故填fascinating。 7．I’m talking about the girl (dress) in a red skirt as a princess. 【答案】dressed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我说的是那个穿红裙子扮成公主的女孩。句子已有谓语动词am talking，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词the girl，dress和the girl为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填dressed。 8．On Saturday a seven-year-old girl became Beijing’s first (confirm) case of the H7N9 strain. 【答案】confirmed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：上周六，一名七岁女孩成为北京首例确诊的H7N9禽流感病例。这里表示“被确认的病例”，因此使用过去分词转化的形容词confirmed作定语。故填confirmed。 9．Schools should be lively places where (individual) are capable of developing to their greatest potential. 【答案】individuals 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：学校应该是一个充满活力的地方，个人能够在这里发挥最大的潜力。individual，表“个人”，为可数名词，且由are可知，这里应用名词复数作主语。故填individuals。 10．The government takes tight control of the development of (cemetery). 【答案】cemeteries 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：政府对墓地的发展实施严格控制。此处为名词作宾语，cemetery为可数名词，意为“墓地”，空前无限定词，所以此处使用名词复数形式表示泛指意义。故填cemeteries。 11．We evaluated a variety of different (approach) to this challenge. 【答案】approaches 【详解】考查名词的复数。句意：我们评估了应对这一挑战的多种不同方法。approach表示“方法”，为可数名词，前面有 a variety of 和 different 修饰，用复数形式。故填 approaches。 12．Most parents will have (eager) asked their child about their day, only to meet with a “good”, quickly followed by “I’m hungry”. 【答案】eagerly 【详解】考查副词。句意：大多数父母都会急切地问他们的孩子一天过得怎么样，结果只会遇到一个“好”，然后很快就会说“我饿了”。分析句子可知，此空应填副词作状语修饰谓语have asked，eagerly，表“急切地”，为副词，符合语境。故填eagerly。 13．The artist’s (adapt) of vivid colors adds a unique depth to the painting. 【答案】adaptation 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位艺术家对鲜艳色彩的运用为这幅画增添了独特的深度。此处需要填入名词，adapt的名词为adaptation表示“适应，运用，改编”，在句子中作主语。故填adaptation。 14．The ambitious general intended (conquer) not just neighboring lands but also people’s hearts. 【答案】to conquer 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这位雄心勃勃的将军不仅要征服邻国的土地，还要征服人民的心。“intend to do sth.”是固定用法，表示“打算 / 意图做某事”。因此，此处应填入动词不定式形式“to conquer”。故填to conquer。 15．As the sun set, we stood still, (feast) our eyes on the view. 【答案】feasting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：太阳落山时，我们站着不动，饱览景色。“feast one’s eyes on”是固定短语，意为“尽情欣赏；饱览”。在“As the sun set, we stood still, ______ (feast) our eyes on the view.”这句话中，“stood still”是句子的谓语动词，“feast”与主语“we”之间是主动关系，且表示伴随动作，所以用现在分词形式“feasting”作伴随状语。故填feasting。 16．She covered her mouth, (roar) with laughter at his silly mistake. 【答案】roaring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她捂住嘴，对他愚蠢的错误放声大笑。分析句子结构，句中已有谓语动词covered，所以用非谓语动词形式。主语She与roar之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。故填roaring。 17．The book (belong) to Tom was left on the table, so I returned it to him. 【答案】belonging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那本属于汤姆的书被留在了桌子上，所以我把它还给了他。空处作后置定语修饰名词The book，且The book与belong之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式belonging。故填belonging。 18．No matter how busy she is，Lily manages to get her work (finish) on time. 【答案】finished 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不管莉莉有多忙，她总能按时完成工作。此处finish与work构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填finished。 19．Modern science has given clear (evident) that smoking can lead to many diseases. 【答案】evidence 【详解】考查名词。句意：现代科学已经给出了明确的证据证明吸烟会导致许多疾病。作动词的宾语，用名词evidence，不可数。故填evidence。 20．The memory of the past time came (crowd) into my mind when I saw the picture. 【答案】crowding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我看到这幅画时，过去的记忆涌上心头。主句中已有谓语动词came，空处应用非谓语动词，crowd和逻辑主语memory之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填crowding。 二、单词拼写 21．It is really a great (成就) for such a young athlete. 【答案】achievement 【详解】考查名词。句意：对于这样一位年轻的运动员来说，这真是一项巨大的成就。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填名词achievement“成就”，作表语，由空前a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填achievement。 22．The Battle of Hastings (标志着) the Norman conquest of England. 【答案】marked 【详解】考查动词。句意：黑斯廷斯战役标志着诺曼人对英格兰的征服。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，此处应用动词mark表示“标志着”作谓语，结合句意和历史事实可知，该战役发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填marked。 23．He had just arrived there when he was (包围) by his fans. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：他刚到那里就被他的粉丝包围了。“包围”使用动词surround，和主语he是被动关系，前面有was，所以是一般过去时的被动语态结构，动词用过去分词形式。故填surrounded。 24．The place was (拥挤的) and that made the situation dangerous. 【答案】crowded 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个地方很拥挤，这使得情况很危险。was是系动词，后接形容词作表语，crowded意为“拥挤的”，符合语境描述地方的状态。故填crowded。 25．But not all of us have the opportunity to receive such training because of our (个人的) work and activities. 【答案】individual 【详解】考查形容词。句意：但由于我们各自的工作和活动，并非所有人都有机会接受这样的培训。根据汉语提示“个人的”及空后的名词“work and activities”可知，此处应填形容词individual作定语。故填individual。 26．Now that you are crazy about Chinese painting, why not appreciate the painting exhibition in the city (画廊)? 【答案】gallery 【详解】考查名词。句意：既然你对中国画如痴如醉，何不欣赏一下市美术馆的画展呢？根据单词汉语提示及空前的in the city可知应填名词形式gallery，作宾语，故填gallery。 27．I took part in the knowledge competition on garbage sorting, which brought me a great sense of (成就). 【答案】achievement 【详解】考查名词。句意：我参加了垃圾分类知识竞赛，这给我带来了很大的成就感。空格处用名词作宾语，“成就”的名词是achievement，a sense of achievement意为“成就感”。故填achievement。 28．The advertisement (目标) at young people drew a lot of attention in public. 【答案】targeted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个针对年轻人的广告在公众中引起了大量关注。根据提示的汉语“目标”应使用动词target，与名词advertisement之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式targeted作后置定语。故填targeted。 29．There are many herds of (牛) on the grassland. 【答案】cattle 【详解】考查名词。句意：草原上有许多牛群。根据提示的汉语，表示“牛”是cattle，是集合名词。故填cattle。 30．Sometimes he is funny; sometimes he seems like a (诗人). 【答案】poet 【详解】考查名词。句意：有时他很风趣；有时他像个诗人。根据空前不定冠词a可知，应用可数名词单数形式，结合汉语提示“诗人”可知，应用名词poet。故填poet。 三、完成句子 31．店长昨天宣布，前100名顾客可享受5折特别优惠。 Yesterday the store manager a special 50% for the first 100 customers. 【答案】 announced discount 【详解】考查动词及名词。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“宣布……优惠”。  第一空对应“宣布”，英文用announce，结合时间状语“yesterday”可知句子时态为一般过去时，空格处谓语动词用过去式。 第二空对应“优惠”，英文用discount“折扣”，50% discount为固定表达，意为“五折”。故填①announced ②discount。 32．The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient city that has a history Roman times. 首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到古罗马时代。 【答案】 port dating all the way back to 【详解】考查名词和非谓语动词。“港口城市” 常见表达为 port city，名词作定语。所以第一空填 port；“追溯到”常用 date all the way back to，与history为主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填port；dating all the way back to。 33．The Vikings came in the eighth century and lots of new vocabulary, and also the names of many across the UK. 维京人于公元8世纪到来，留下了许多新词汇，同时也留下了英国各地方的地名。 【答案】 left behind locations 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和名词。对比中英文句子可知，第一空意为“留下”，第二空意为“地方”，“留下”是leave behind，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，leave用过去式，“地方”是location，空前有many，空格处用复数，故填left behind，locations。 34．They use the same flag, the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and . 像拥有相同的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗（称为“英国国旗”）。 【答案】 known as military defence 【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词短语。第一空，“称为”使用动词短语be known as，句中已有谓语use，空处作非谓语动词，去掉be动词，使用过去分词形式作后置定语；第二空，“国防”使用名词短语military defence，与currency并列，作share的宾语。故填①known as，②military defence。 35．The four countries that the United Kingdom work together in some areas. 属于英国的这四个国家在某些方面共同合作。 【答案】belong to 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“属于”，是固定短语belong to，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，只用主动语态，that指代的先行词The four countries是复数，因此空格处动词用原形，故填belong to。 36．组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑，这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。 The musicians were to play music play jokes on each other, most of which were based loosely on the Beatles. 【答案】 as well as 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意“还”可知，句中涉及固定短语“as well as”，意为“也，还”，连接“play music”和“play jokes on each other”。故填as well as。 37．他逃离了他的老朋友，开始了新的生活。 He his old friends and started a new life. 【答案】 broke   away from 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“逃离”，是固定短语break away from，由started可知，句子时态是一般过去时，break用过去式broke，故填broke；away；from。 38．老人安慰那个被他人取笑的孩子。 The old man comforted the child by others. 【答案】 made fun of 【详解】考查固定短语及非谓语动词。根据句意，“取笑”对应固定短语make fun of。句中“the child”与“make fun of”之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语made fun of作后置定语，修饰“the child”，相当于定语从句who was made fun of by others。故填①made②fun③of。 39．50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。 At age 50, she found herself and with only . 【答案】 out of work stuck at home her computer to keep her company 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。中英文句子对比可知，第一空表示“失业了”，可用短语out of work作宾补；第二空表示“困在家里”，可用短语be stuck at home，用过去分词stuck作宾补；第三空表示“相伴”可用短语keep sb’s company，此处为with复合结构，结合英文句子结构可知，句中表示电脑的用途是陪伴她且隐含了一种在之后的时间里电脑持续陪伴她的意味， 应用不定式to keep her company作宾补。“他的电脑”为her computer。故填①out of work；②stuck at home；③her computer to keep her company。 40．他们在抗击这种新型病毒方面取得了惊人的成就。 They in the fight against the novel virus. 【答案】have made amazing achievements 【详解】考查时态和短语。表示“取得了惊人的成就”可翻译为make amazing achievements，且表示过去的动作对现在产生影响用现在完成时，主语为they，助动词用have。故填have made amazing achievements。 四、语法填空 （25-26高一上·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On September 3, 2025, China held a grand military parade (阅兵) in Beijing to mark the 1 (eighty) anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. The parade, 2 (organize) in the name of the nation, took place along Chang’an Avenue. Not only was it a look back at those years of fire and blood, but a strong message to the world: China was committed to peace and ready to build a community with a shared future 3 mankind. Soldiers and modern equipment displayed on Tian’anmen Square showed China’s determination 4 (protect) the post-war international order. Among them, the Dongfeng-5C, the 5 (late) and most advanced liquid-fuelled intercontinental ballistic missiles (液体洲际导弹), 6 (make) its first public appearance. The spirit of the Chinese people during the 14-year resistance war, 7 had cost more than 35 million lives, was remembered in every formation that passed the rostrum (指挥台). By honoring the martyrs (烈士), the parade reminded everyone that peace was not given, 8 earned through great loss. When 9 national anthem (国歌) was played, every citizen felt the 10 (responsible) to carry forward the hard-won peace. 【答案】 1．eightieth 2．organized 3．for 4．to protect 5．latest 6．made 7．which 8．but 9．the 10．responsibility 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了2025年9月3日，北京举办盛大阅兵纪念抗战及反法西斯战争胜利80周年，展示装备与决心，彰显和平承诺，提醒人们和平来之不易。 1．考查序数词。句意：2025年9月3日，中国在北京举行隆重阅兵，纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。此处修饰名词anniversary（周年纪念日），表示“第八十周年”，应用序数词，eighty的序数词形式为eightieth。故填eightieth。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这次以国家名义组织的游行在长安街举行。句子已有谓语动词took place，此处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰parade，parade与organize 是被动关系，所以为过去分词organized。故填organized。 3．考查固定短语。句意：这不仅是对当年战火与鲜血的回顾，也是向世界发出的强烈信号：中国致力于和平，愿推动构建人类命运共同体。此处为固定搭配a community with a shared future for mankind，意为“人类命运共同体”,填介词 for。故填for。 4．考查动词不定式。句意：天安门广场上展示的士兵和现代化装备显示了中国维护战后国际秩序的决心。此处为固定用法determination to do sth.，意为“做某事的决心”，不定式作后置定语修饰determination。故填to protect。 5．考查形容词最高级。句意：其中，最新、最先进的液体燃料洲际弹道导弹东风- 5C首次公开亮相。由并列连词and后的most advanced（最高级）可知，此处也需用形容词最高级。late的最高级latest意为“最新的”，符合语境。故填latest。 6．考查动词时态。句意：其中，最新、最先进的液体燃料洲际弹道导弹东风- 5C首次公开亮相。本句主语是the Dongfeng-5C，此处缺少谓语动词。文章描述的是2025年9月3日的事件，用一般过去时，make的过去式为made。故填made。 7．考查定语从句。句意：经过主席台的每一个方队都铭记着中国人民在14年抗战期间的精神，这场战争牺牲了3500多万人的生命。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the 14-year resistance war（指物），从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词 which。故填which。 8．考查连词。句意：通过纪念烈士，游行提醒大家，和平不是给予的，而是通过巨大的损失得来的。此处为固定结构 not...but...，意为“不是……而是……”，表示“和平不是凭空而来的，而是通过巨大牺牲换来的”。故填but。 9．考查冠词。句意：当国歌奏响时，每个公民都感到有责任把来之不易的和平发扬光大。national anthem（国歌）是专有名词，表示特指，前面需加定冠词 the。故填the。 10．考查名词。句意：当国歌奏响时，每个公民都感到有责任把来之不易的和平发扬光大。空格前是定冠词the，此处需填名词作felt的宾语。responsible的名词形式是responsibility（责任）。故填responsibility。 （24-25高一下·福建莆田·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The United Kingdom or the UK 1 (make) up of four countries. They are England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. It has 2 interesting and long history. Everywhere you go in the country, you will be surrounded 3 evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. The Romans, 4 achievements included building towns and roads, came first in the first century. Then in the fifth century arrived Anglo­Saxons who introduced the beginnings of English language and changed the way people built houses.The Vikings came in the eighth century. They left behind lots of new vocabulary and also the names of many 5 (location) across the UK. The last group, the Normans, 6 (conquer) England in the 11th century. They had castles 7 (build) all around there. The Normans were in fact French, so many French words 8 (slow) entered into the English language. The UK is a 9 (fascinate) mix of history and modern culture. If you keep eyes open, you will be surprised 10 (find) that you can see both its past and present. 【答案】 1．is made 2．an 3．by 4．whose 5．locations 6．conquered 7．built 8．slowly 9．fascinating 10．to find 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是英国的构成和其悠久且有趣的历史。 1．考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：联合王国或英国由四个国家组成。be made up of是固定短语，意为“由……组成”，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语The United Kingdom or the UK是一个国家，因此空格处是is made。故填is made。 2．考查冠词。句意：它有一段有趣而悠久的历史。此处指一段历史，空格处用不定冠词，interesting是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。 3．考查介词。句意：在这个国家，无论你走到哪里，你都会被四种不同的人在不同的历史时期掌权的证据所包围。be surrounded by是固定短语，意为“被……包围”，故填by。 4．考查定语从句。句意：罗马人的成就包括修建城镇和道路，最先出现在一世纪。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词Romans和achievements之间是所属关系，因此用关系代词whose引导定语从句，故填whose。 5．考查名词的复数。句意：他们留下了许多新词汇，也留下了英国许多地方的名字。空前有many，空格处用复数，故填locations。 6．考查时态。句意：最后一支是诺曼人，他们在11世纪征服了英格兰。由in the 11th century可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填conquered。 7．考查过去分词。句意：他们在那里到处建城堡。have sth. done是固定短语，意为“使某物被……”，因此空格处用过去分词built，表被动，作宾语补足语，故填built。 8．考查副词。句意：诺曼人实际上是法国人，所以很多法语单词慢慢地进入了英语。空格处用副词slowly修饰动词entered，故填slowly。 9．考查形容词。句意：英国是历史和现代文化的迷人结合。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词mix，mix是“结合”，用ing结尾的形容词fascinating修饰，意为“迷人的”，故填fascinating。 10．考查不定式。句意：如果你睁大眼睛，你会惊讶地发现你可以看到它的过去和现在。be surprised to do sth.是固定短语，意为“惊讶地做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to find。故填to find。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $