Unit 4 Sharing 二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（人教版）

期末词汇复习 选修4·人教版·Unit4 Sharing二 一、】 重点单词详解 1:privilege 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.优惠待遇；特权 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：privileged/prvalId3d/(享有特权的；荣幸的) 三、必记搭配与例句 have the privilege of doing sth.(有做某事的特权/荣幸) enjoy privileges(享有特权) a privilege to do sth.(做某事的荣幸) 四、重点辨析 privilege VS right:privilege强调”特殊权利（并非人人亭有）”，如educational privileges (教育特权)：ight指？基本权利（人人应得）”，如human rights(人权)。 五、作文高级句型 It is a privilege to receive quality education,so we should cherish the opportunity and study hard. 2:shade 一、核心考点 词性：动词(t.)、名词(n.) 核心义：t给…遮挡（光线）；加灯罩；把…涂暗.阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：hady/∫erdi/(背阴的；可疑的) 三、必记搭配与例句 动词短语：shade.fiom..（为…遮挡…)，如shade plants from direct sunlight(为植 物遮挡阳光) 名词短语：in the shade(在阴凉处)；a shade of..(…的阴影/色调) 四、重点辨析 shade VS shadow:shade指阴凉处（无具体轮廓)，如sit in the shade;shadow指”物 体投射的影子（有轮廓）”，如the shadow of a tree。 3:wrinkle 一、核心考点 词性：动词(t.&i.)、名词(n.) 核心义：t&i.(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起n.皱纹 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：wrinkled/kd/(有皱纹的) 三、必记搭配与例句 动词短语：wrinkle up(皱起)，如wrinkle up one's forehead(皱起额头) 名词短语：get wrinkles(长皱纹)；iron out wrinkles(熨平褶皱) 四、作文高级句型 Her eyes sparkled,and a warm smile wrinkled the comners of her mouth 4:drag 核心考点 词性：动词(t.) 核心义：vt拖：拽t&i.缓慢而费力地移动 二、必记搭配与例句 动词短语：drag sb./sth.along(拖着某人/某物走)；drag one's feet(拖着脚走；拖延) 三、词汇变形 过去式/过去分词：dragged;现在分词：dragging 四、重点辨析 drag VS pull:dag强调”费力拖（重物）”，如drag the heavy box;pull泛指”拉（用力 较小)”，如pull the door open。 5:ripe 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.成熟的；时机成熟的 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：ipen/'1aIpn/(使成熟) 三、必记搭配与例句 短语：ripe for.(…的时机成熟)，如The plan is ripe for execution..（计划实施的时机 已成熟。) 四、作文高级句型 When the fruits are ripe,they will fall from the trees naturally. 6:leftover 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.)、名词(n.) 核心义：adj.吃剩的；残留的n.吃剩的食物；遗留物 二、必记搭配与例句 形容词用法：leftover food(剩饭)：leftover problems(遗留问题) 名词用法：store leftovers(储存剩菜) 三、构词法 由left（留下的)+over（剩余的)”构成合成词。 7:housing 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.住房：住宅 构词法（词性转换） 原形：house/haus/(n.房子)：housing为house的派生词（抽象名词) 三、必记搭配与例句 短语：housing problem(住房问题)；affordable housing(经济适用房) 四、作文高级句型 The government is taking measures to solve the housing problem for low-income families 8:plug 、核心考点 词性：动词(t.)、名词(n.) 核心义：t.封堵；补足n.堵塞物：插头；插座 二、必记搭配与例句 动词短语：plug up(堵塞)，如plug up the hole(堵上洞)；plug in(插上电源) 名词短语：a plug for..(…的插头)，如a plug for the TV（电视插头) 三、词汇变形 过去式/过去分词：plugged:现在分词：plugging 9:grill 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(t.) 核心义：n.烤架：烤肉餐馆t.烤：盘问（熟义) 二、 必记搭配与例句 名词短语：a barbecue grill(烧烤架)；eat at a grill（在烤肉店吃饭) 动词短语：grill meat(烤肉)；grill sb.about sth.(盘问某人某事) 三、拓展用法 熟词生义：t.盘问，如The police grilled the suspect for hours. 10:responsibility 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.责任；义务；职责 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：response(n.回应) 动词：respond/I'sppnd/.(vi.回应；负责) 形容词：responsible /'sponsabl/(adj.负责的；有责任的) 名词：responsibility(由responsible+-iity构成) 三、必记搭配与例句 动词(respond) 1 espond to sb./sth.(回应/负责某人/某事) 1 respond with（以…回应) 1 espond by doing sth.(通过做某事回应) 形容词(responsible) be responsible for(对…负责) be responsible to sb.(对某人负责) a1 esponsible persor/job(负责任的人/工作) 名词(responsibility) take/shoulder/bear responsibility for(承担…的责任) sense of responsibility(责任感) have a responsibility to do sth.(有责任做某事) 四、拓展用法 可数/不可数差异：泛指？责任”不可数；特指”具体职责”可数（如many responsibilities) 固定句型：Itis one's responsibility to do sth.(做某事是某人的责任) 固定句型：hold sb.responsible for sth.(认为某人对某事负责) 五、作文高级句型 Everyone must be responsible for their actions,for a strong sense of responsibility is key to a harmonious society. 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.It is a great_to be invited to speak at the international conference. A)privilege B)right C)shade D)responsibility 2.The old man likes sittingunder the big tree in summer to avoid the sun. A)in the shadow B)in the shade C)in shade D)in shadow 3.Her face_when she heard the surprising news. A)wrinkled up B)dragged up C)plugged up D)ripened up 4.The heavy box was too difficult to carry,so he had toit across the room A)pull B)drag C)push D)lift 5.The apples are notyet,we need to wait for another week. A)ripe B)ripe for C)ripen D)wrinkled 6.Don't throw away the food;we can eat it for lunch tomorrow. A)leftover B)housing C)grill D)drag 7.The government is working hard to solve theproblem for young people in big cities A)leftover B)responsibility C)housing D)shade 8.Pleasethe TV before you go to bed to save electricity. A)plug in B)plug up C)unplug D)drag out 9.The police the suspect for hours to get more information about the case. A)grilled B)dragged C)wrinkled D)ripened 10.As a student,it is our to study hard and respect our teachers A)privilege B)responsibility C)right D)shade (二)根据提示补全句子(6题) 1.She felt(privilege)to have the chance to study abroad 2.The leaves turned yellow,and the weather became(shade)in autumn. 3.His(wrinkle)hands showed that he had worked hard all his life 4.The cat(drag)the small mouse into its hole just now. 5.The farmers are waiting for the crops to _(ripe)before harvesting. 6.We should take(responsible)for protecting the environment around us. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Having access to free education is not a pbut a basic right for every child. 2.The little girl was playing in the sof the house to keep cool. 3.My grandmother's eyes sparkled,and a smile wthe corners of her mouth. 4.He had to d his suitcase up the stairs because the elevator was broken 5.The project is r for development now that all preparations are done. 6.We stored the 1 from dinner in the fiidge to eat tomorrow. 7.The local government plans to build more affordable h for low-income families. 8.Don't f to plug in your phone before going to bed,or it will run out of battery 9.The detective grilled the witness to get more details about the c. 10.Parents have a great rto guide their children to grow up healthily (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AB A BAAC CAB 解析1（第1题）： 考查privilege的用法。privilege表示”特权；荣幸，符合句意”被邀请在国际会议上发 言是一种荣幸；ight指”基本权利”，shade指”阴凉处”，responsibility指责任”，均不 符合语境，故选A。 解析2（第2题）： 考查shade的固定搭配。in the shade表示”在阴凉处”，符合句意”老人夏天喜欢坐在大 树下乘凉”；hadow指影子”，不符合语境，故选B。 解析3（第4题）： 考查drag的用法。drag强调”费力拖拽重物”，符合句意”箱子太重搬不动，他只能拖着 走”；pul泛指”拉，push指”推，1ift指”抬”，均不符合语境，故选B。 2.补全句子答案： 1.privileged 2.shady 3.wrinkled 4.dragged 5.ripen 6.responsibility 3.首字母填空答案： 1.privilege 2.shade 3.wrinkled 4.drag 5.ripe 6.leftovers 7.housing 8.forget 9.case 10. responsibility 英语词汇复习手册·选修4·Unit4 Sharing二