内容正文:
期末词汇复习
选修4·人教版·Unit4 Sharing
一、】
重点单词详解
1:secondary
一、核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.中学的;次要的
二、构词法(词性转换)
词根:second(num.第二;adj.次要的)
后缀:-ay(形容词后缀,表示”与…有关的”)
派生词:secondarily adv.次要地;在其次
三、用法与常见搭配
作?中学的”:secondary school中学(英);secondary education中等教育
作'次要的:secondary importance次要的重要性;secondary effect副作用
固定搭配:be secondary to..次于….(e.g.Safety is secondary to nothing.安全第一。)
四、重点辨析
secondary vs.minor:secondary强调”在重要性、顺序上居次”,minor侧重规模或程度
较小?(e.g.a minor injury轻伤)
2:rigid
核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.死板的;固执的;坚硬的
二、构词法(词性转换)
副词:rigidly ad.僵硬地;严格地
名词:rigidity/d3红dati/n.刚性;死板
三、用法与常见搭配
描述人或态度:rigid mind僵化的思想;rigid rules刻板的规则
描述物体:rigid structure坚硬的结构
固定搭配:rigid with fear因恐惧而僵硬;remain rigid保持僵硬
四、重点辨析
rigid vs.strict:igid强调”不容变通”,strict侧重”严格遵守规则?(e.g.strict discipline
严格的纪律)
3:parcel
“、
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)、动词(v.)
核心义:n.包裹t.裹好;打包
二、构词法(词性转换)
动词短语:parcel up打包;parcel out分配
三、用法与常见搭配
作名词:send a parcel寄包裹;a parcel of books一包书
作动词:parcel sth.(up)把某物打包(e.g.Parcel up the clothes for donation.)
四、重点辨析
parcel vs..package:parcel多用于英式英语,package为美式英语,均可指”包裹;package
还可指”一揽子计划?(e.g.economic package)
4:chorus
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)、动词(v)
核心义:n.合唱曲;合唱团vt合唱;齐声说
二、构词法(词性转换)
形容词:choragic /ke'red3k/adj.合唱队指挥的(较少见)
三、用法与常见搭配
作名词:a chorus of applause一片掌声;in chorus齐声地
作动词:chorus sth.齐声说(e.g.They chorused their agreement.)
固定搭配:a chorus of异口同声(e.g.a chorus of protests一片抗议声)
四、拓展用法
”合唱曲”为可数名词,”合唱团”为集体名词(e.g.The chorus is/are performing tonight.)
5:jam
、
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)、动词(v.)
核心义:n.果酱;堵塞t.&i.堵塞;挤满
二reads、构词法(词性转换)
形容词:jammed adj.堵塞的;挤满的
三、用法与常见搭配
作名词:strawberry jam草莓酱;traf伍cjam交通堵塞
作动词:jam the road堵塞道路;jam into挤进(e.g.People jammed into the hall.)
四、熟词生义
口语中可表示”困境”(e.g.inajam陷入困境):还可指”爵士乐即兴演奏
6:dust
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)、动词(v.)
核心义:n.沙土;灰尘i.&t.擦灰
二、构词法(词性转换)
形容词:dusty adj.布满灰尘的
动词短语:dust off掸去灰尘;重新使用(e.g.dust off an old plan)
三、用法与常见搭配
作名词:kick up dust扬起灰尘;in the dust入土;被遗忘
作动词:dust the furniture擦家具灰尘;dust sth.with sth.撒(粉末等)(e.g.Dust the cake
with sugar.)
四、重点辨析
dust vs.dit:dust指”细小的灰尘”,dit泛指泥土;污垢”
7:weed
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)、动词(v)
核心义:n.杂草;野草t.&vi.除杂草
二、构词法(词性转换)
名词:weeder n.除草者;除草机
形容词:weedy adj.多杂草的;瘦弱的
三、用法与常见搭配
作名词:pull up weeds拔草;a garden full of weeds杂草丛生的花园
作动词:weed the garden给花园除草;weed out清除(无用的人/物)(e.g.weed out
inefficient staff)
四、熟词生义
口语中可指”香烟”(俚语,较少见)
8:bubble
、
核心考点
词性:动词(.)、名词(n.)
核心义:i.起泡;沸腾n.气泡:泡沫
二、
构词法(词性转换)
形容词:bubbly adj..起泡的;活泼的(e.g.bubbly personality)
动词短语:bubble up冒泡;涌现(e.g.Memories bubbled up.)
三、用法与常见搭配
作名词:soap bubbles肥皂泡;a bubble economy泡沫经济
作动词:Water bubbled in the pot.锅里的水开了。
四、固定搭配
burst a bubble戳破幻想;破灭(e.g.The news burst his bubble of hope.)
9:not to mention
一、核心考点
词性:短语
核心义:短语更不用说;且不说
二、用法与常见搭配
用于肯定句后,补充更重要的内容(前后为递进关系):
e.g.He can speak French,.not to mention English.(他会说法语,更不用说英语了。)
后接名词/动名词:not to mention doing sth.(e.g.It's too expensive,.not to mention the time
it takes.
三、重点辨析
not to mention vs.let alone:均表更不用说”,not to mention前可接肯定或否定句,let
alone前需为否定句(e.g.He can't read,.let alone write.)
10:chemist
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:.化学家;药剂师;药房
二、构词法(词性转换)
词根:chemistry/'kemistri/n.化学
形容词:chemical/kemikl/adj.化学的n.化学制品
三、用法与常见搭配
指”药剂师/药房”(英式英语),美式英语用pharmacist/fa:m3sIst/”和”pharmacy
/'fa:masi/":
e.g.Go to the chemist for some medicine
指?化学家”:a research chemist研究型化学家
四、拓展用法
”药房”为可数名词,”药剂师”侧重职业,”化学家”侧重学科研究者
二、词汇巩固练习
(一)单项选择(10题)
1.In many countries,students attend primary school first and then move on to_education.
A)secondary
B)minor
C)rigid
D)chemical
2.The company's ules make it difficult for employees to propose new ideas.
A)strict
B)rigid
C)minor
D)weedy
3.My mother asked me to go to the_to buy some aspirin.(英式英语)
A)pharmacy
B)pharmacist
C)chemist
D)chemistry
4.The children their favorite song at the top of their voices.
A)chorused
B)bubbled
C)jammed
D)dusted
5.Traffic often occur during rush hour in big cities.
A)parcels
B)jams
C)bubbles
D)weeds
6.Please the books and send them to the library.
A)parcel up
B)dust off
C)weed out
D)burst into
7.Safety should always be to nothing in any construction project.
A)rigid
B)secondary
C)bubbly
D)chemical
8.A_of protesters gathered outside the government building,demanding changes.
A)chorus
B)parcel
C)dust
D)jam
9.He can't even solve basic math problems,_advanced calculus.
A)not to mention
B)let alone
C)in chorus
D)rigid with
10.The old books on the shelf were after being left untouched for years.
A)dusty
B)weedy
C)rigid
D)bubbly
(二)根据提示补全句子(8题)
1.The government plans to_(分配)the aid to areas affected by the disaster.(parcel,动词
短语)
2.Her(固执)prevented her from accepting new suggestions..(igid,名词形式)
3.The team needs to_(清除)inefficient members to improve performance.(weed,动词短
语)
4.The chef_(撒)the cake with powdered sugar before serving.(dst,动词)
5.The(化学家)conducted experiments to develop new materials.(chemist,名词)
6.The crowd_(齐声说)their support for the candidate.(chorus,.动词)
7.Water(起泡)when heated to boiling point.(bubble,动词)
8.His success is due to hard work,_(次要地)to luck.(secondary,副词形式)
(三)首字母填空(10题)
1.After the rain,the children enjoyed blowing soap b in the yard
2.My sister works as a c in a hospital,preparing medicines for patients
3.Please rthe rules strictly,no exceptions will be allowed.
4.The old factory was abandoned,with wgrowing around the walls.
5.She wrapped the gift and sent it as a p to her friend abroad.
6.The students answered the teacher's question in c_
7.Secondary education usually follows pschool in most education systems.
8.The road was jwith cars after the accident,causing a long delay.
9.He had to d the old furniture before moving it into the new house.
10.The company's new policy aims to improve efficiency,not to mreduce costs.
(四)答案与解析
1.单项选择答案:A BCA B AB ABA
解析1(第1题):
考查secondary的用法。secondary education表示”中等教育”,符合句意”在许多国家,
学生先上小学,然后继续接受中等教育”;minor表示”较小的”,igid表示”死板的”,
chemical表示化学的”,均不符合语境,故选A。
解析2(第2题):
考查igid的用法。rigid rules表示”死板的规则”,符合句意?公司死板的规则让员工难
以提出新想法”;strict表示”严格的”,minor表示”较小的”,weedy表示”多杂草的”,
均不符合语境,故选B。
解析3(第4题):
考查chorus的用法。chorused表示”齐声说”,符合句意”孩子们齐声高唱他们最喜欢的
歌曲;bubbled表示”起泡”,jammed表示堵塞”,dusted表示”擦灰”,均不符合语境,
故选A。
2.补全句子答案:
1.parcel out 2.rigidity 3.weed out 4.dusted 5.chemist 6.chorused 7.bubbles 8.secondar-
ily
3.首字母填空答案:
1.bubbles 2.chemist 3.rigidly 4.weeds 5.parcel 6.chorus 7.primary 8.jammed 9.dust 10.
mention
英语词汇复习手册·选修4·Unit4 Sharing一