Unit 2 Iconic Attractions 三-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（人教版）

期末词汇复习 选修4·人教版·Unit2 IconicAttractions.三 一、 重点单词详解 1:distribution 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.分布；分配；分发 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：ribute(n.贡品；贡献) 动词：distribute/dr'strrbju:t/(t.分配；分发；分布) 形容词：distributive/dr'strrbjatrv/（adj.分配的；分布的) 名词：distribution(由distribute+ion名词后缀构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词(distribution) the distribution of sth.（某物的分布/分配) spatial distribution（空间分布) fair distribution(公平分配) 动词(distribute) distribute sth.tosb.(把某物分发给某人) distribute sth.among..（在…中分配某物) 四、拓展用法 形近词辨析：distribution(n.分布)vs contribution(n.贡献) distribution强调”分散、分配的过程或结果”，contribution强调”贡献、捐赠”。 2:temporary 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.暂时的；短暂的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：tempor(时间，来自拉丁语tempus) 副词：temporarily/,tempre'rerali/(adv.暂时地；临时地) 名词：temporary/'temprori/(n.临时工；临时雇员) 反义词：permanent∥p3:menent//(adj.永久的) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(temporary) temporary job(临时工作) temporary solution(临时解决方案) temporary absence(暂时缺席) 副词(temporarily） be temporarily closed(暂时关闭) 四、拓展用法 词义辨析：temporary（强调”短期性)vs transient（强调”转瞬即逝) temporary侧重”非永久的、可替代的”，transient侧重”短暂停留、易逝的”。 3:phase 、 核心考点 词性：名词(1n.) 核心义：n.阶段；时期；t.分阶段进行 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：phase/ferz/(vt.逐步引入；分阶段完成) 名词短语：phase out(逐步淘汰)；phase in(逐步引入) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词(phase) in the first phase（在第一阶段) critical phase(关键时期) phase of life(生命阶段) 动词（phase) phase sth.out(逐步淘汰某物) phase in new policies(逐步实施新政策) 四、拓展用法 熟词僻义：phase可表示”月相；相位”（物理术语），如lunar phase（月相)。 4:licensed 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad.) 核心义：adj.得到正式许可的 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：license./'larsns/(t.批准；许可；n.许可证) 名词：license/'larsns/(=licence,n.许可证；执照) 名词：licence/'larsns/(英式拼写)；license(美式拼写) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(licensed) licensed driver（持照司机) licensed restaurant(有许可证的餐厅) 动词(1 icense) license sb.to do sth.（许可某人做某事) apply for a license(申请许可证) 四、拓展用法 词义辨析：license(侧重”官方许可)vs permit(侧重”一般性允许”) license通常指”正式执照、特许证，permit指”临时许可、通行证。 5:frequency 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.发生率；重复率；频率 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：frequent(adj.频繁的) 形容词：frequent/'fi:kwnt/(adj.频繁的；常见的) 副词：frequently/'fi:kwantli/(adv.频繁地；经常) 名词：frequency(由frequent+-cy名词后缀构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词（frequency) high frequency（高频) frequency of occurrence(发生频率) 形容词（frequent) frequent visits（频繁的访问) frequent mistakes(常见错误) 四、拓展用法 固定搭配：with frequency=frequently（频繁地) 科技领域：radio frequency(射频)；frequency modulation(调频FM) 6:violent 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.暴力的；猛烈的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：violence/varelans/(n.暴力；暴行) 副词：violently /'varalantli/(adv.猛烈地；激烈地) 同根词：violate /'varelert/(vt.违反；侵犯) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词（violent) violent crime(暴力犯罪) violent storm(猛烈的风暴) violent reaction(激烈反应) 名词(violence) commit violence(施暴) domestic violence(家庭暴力) 「四、拓展用法 词义辨析：violent(强调”力量的破坏性)vs fierce(强调”激烈的对抗性) violent侧重”暴力行为或自然力量的猛烈”，fierce侧重”竞争、情感的激烈”。 7:capacity 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.能力：容量：资格 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：capable/kerpabl/(adj.有能力的；能够的) 副词：capably/'kerpabli/(adv.能千地；熟练地) 反义词：incapacity/,Inka'pasti/(n.无能；无资格) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词(capacity) storage capacity(存储容量) ca即acity for sth.(做某事的能力) in one'sca即acity as..(以…身份) 形容词(capable) be capable of doing sth.（能够做某事) 四、拓展用法 词义辨析：capacity(侧重”内在潜能或容量)vs ability(侧重”后天习得的能力”) ca即acity指”天赋或客观容量”，ability指”通过学习获得的技能”。 8:session 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.一场；一段时间；会议 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：session/se/(n.上课时间：会议期间) 相关短语：session musician（伴奏乐手)；plenary session(全体会议) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词(session) t女aining session(训练课) legislative session(立法会议) in session（在开会；在上课) 四、拓展用法 形近词辨析：session(n.会议)vs section(n.部分；部门) session强调”一段时间的活动或会议”，section强调”整体的一部分”。 9:hatch 、 核心考点 词性：动词(vi./t.) 核心义：vi.孵出；破壳；vt策划；密谋 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：hatch /haet[/(n.舱口：孵化) 名词：hatchery/'heti/(n.孵化场) 三、 用法与常见搭配 动词(hatch) hatch eggs(孵蛋) hatch a plan(策划一个计划) hatch from(从…中孵出) 名词(hatch) escape hatch(逃生舱口) 四、拓展用法 熟词僻义：hatch作动词可表示”密谋”，如hatch a plot（密谋策划)。 联想记忆：hatch与catch形似，”孵化(hatch)出的小鸡需要被抓住(catch)”。 10:biology 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.生物学；生理 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：bio-（生命)+-1ogy(学科) 形容词：biological/,bar'lpd3rkl/（adj.生物的；生物学的) 副词：biologically/,bara'lod3rki/(adv.生物学上；生理上) 名词：biologist/bar'pld3Ist/(n.生物学家) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The spatial of wild animals in this area has changed due to climate change A)distribute B)distribution C)distributive D)contribution 2.The company had to close its factory_because ofequipment problems. A)temporary B)permanently C)temporarily D)transient 3.The project will be carried out in three,with the first starting next month. A)phases B)sections C)sessions D)phases 4.Onlydrivers are allowed to operate commercial vehicles. A)permitted B)licensed C)temporary D)violent 5.The of earthquakes in this region is relatively low compared to other areas. A)frequent B)frequency C)frequently D)capacity 6.The storm caused damage to the coastal village last night. A)violence B)violent C)fiercely D)biological 7.This stadium has a_of 50,000 spectators for football matches. A)capacity B)ability C)capability D)session 8.The committee will hold a special_to discuss the new policy tomorrow. A)section B)session C)phase D)hatch 9.The eggs will in about 21 days if kept at the right temperature. A)hatch B)catch C)plot D)violate 10.Students majoring in need to study both botany and zoology. A)biological B)biologist C)biology D)bio (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The manager decided to(distribution)the tasks evenly among the team members. 2.The library is (temporary)closed for renovation until next week. 3.The government plans to(phase)in new environmental regulations over the next two years. 4.You must apply for a(license)before starting your own restaurant. 5.She visits her grandparents(frequency)every weekend. 6.The(violent)of the storm surprised everyone in the area. 7.This computer has a larger storage_(capable)than my old one. 8.The training(session)will last for three hours every Friday afternoon. 9.The spies were caught_(hatch)a plot against the government. 10.(biology)factors play an important role in human development. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The dof resources should be fair to all members of society 2.He took a t job during the summer vacation to earn extra money. 3.The product is now in its final pof development before launch. 4.A 1doctor must pass strict exams and meet professional standards. 5.The f of traffic accidents has decreased since the new speed limits were introduced. 6.The protesters clashed_with the police outside the government building 7.The theater has a seating c_of 800 people for concerts 8.The school holds regular parent-teacher sto discuss students'progress 9.The baby birds willh from their eggs in a few days. 10.In bclass,we learned about the structure of DNA and cell division. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：B CA BBB A B A C 2.补全句子答案： 1.distribute 2.temporarily 3.phase 4.license/licence 5.frequently 6.violence 7.capacity 8. session 9.hatching 10.Biological 3.首字母填空答案： 1.distribution 2.temporary 3.phase 4.licensed 5.frequency 6.violently 7.capacity 8.ses- sions 9.hatch 10.biology 英语词汇复习手册·选修4·Unit2 Iconic Attractions三