Unit2语法(情态动词can和could)讲解与练习-2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级上册

情态动词 can 和 could 的用法 *情态动词can的用法 1.较直接请求自己被允许做某事 这种用法比较口语化、随意，常用于朋友、家人或熟人之间的交流 e.g.—Can I put the new clock on the wall? 我可以把这个新时钟挂在墙上吗？ —Yes. / Sure. / Certainly.可以。/当然可以。/当然。 —No/Sorry, you can't.不/抱歉，你不可以。 2.较直接请求他人做某事 这种表达也比较直接和日常，在不太正式的场合使用较多 e.g.—Can you help me hang up the photos? 你能帮我把这些照片挂起来吗？ —Sure./No problem. 当然可以。/没问题。 —Sorry/No. I can't.抱歉/不，我不能。 3.其他 1.表示体力或智力上的能力 e.g. Nancy can swim. 南希会游泳。 2.表示可能性 e.g. It can be true. 这可能是真的。 *情态动词could 1.could为can的过去式，表示“过去的能力和可能性” —Could you swim when you were five years old? 当你五岁时,你会游泳吗？ —Yes, I could. / No, I couldn't. 是的,我会。/不,我不会。 2.表示请求的问句及回答 A:委婉地请求别人做某事 Could you(please)+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答： Certainly. /Of course. /With pleasure. /Yes, sure. /No problem...(不能用could) 否定回答： No, I can't. /Certainly not. /Sorry, I'm afraid not...(不能用couldn't) B:委婉地请求别人允许自己做某事 Could I+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Certainly. / Yes, sure. / Yes, you can...(不能用could) 否定回答：No, you can't. / Sorry, I'm afraid you can't...(不能用couldn't) 3.表示建议 “You could...”表示提建议“你可以⋯⋯” You could go to school by bike.你可以骑自行车上学。 4.表示推测 对现在或将来的推测“可能” This book could be Jack's.这本书可能是杰克的。 基础练习 一、根据语境,选词填空。 1. Could you please _________ (pass/passing) me the salt, Lisa? 2. _________ (can/could) you play basketball when you were in primary school? 3. Mom, _________ (would/can) I invite some friends to the party on Sunday evening? 4.—Could I give away these books to the poor children, Dad? —Sure, you _________ (can/could). 5.—Could you please lend me your English dictionary, Jenny? —Sorry, I _________ (can't/couldn't). Linda borrowed it ten minutes ago. 二、根据汉语提示补全对话，每空一词。 6.—Mom, _________I _________ _________ to the supermarket with you （我能和你一起去超市吗）？ —Yes, you _________ 7.—Gina, _________you _________ _________ _________ look after my pet dog（你可以帮我照顾我的宠物狗吗）? I will be away for about two weeks. —With pleasure. I will take good care of it. 8.—You _________ _________ her a letter to say sorry to her. （你可以给她写封信向她道歉）. —Sounds great. 9.—We _________ _________ in the river in the past. （我们过去可以在河里游泳）. —Yes. But the river isn't clean any more now. 10.—I think the guitar is Sarah's. —I don't agree with you. She _________ _________ _________ _________（她不会弹吉他）. So it can't be hers. 综合练习 一、单项选择 1．—What ________ I do when my parents don’t agree with me? —You ________ talk with them and let them know your thoughts. A．needn’t; should B．could; shouldn’t C．can; can’t D．should; can 2．—Will you please stay here for the party? —Sorry, I ________. I’ll have to go to an important meeting. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．won’t 3．—________ I move the table in the living room? It takes up too much space. —Yes, you can. A．Must B．Should C．Can D．Need 4．—Can I stay out until ten tonight? —No, you ________. You have to come back before 9:30. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．won’t 5．Mom, I want to borrow Lucy’s storybook. ______ you help me ask her tomorrow? A．Must B．Could C．Should D．Might 6．________ you turn down the TV, please? I’m trying to work. A．Could B．Must C．Need D．Might 7．—________ I hang out with my friends after dinner, Mum? —Sure. Remember to go back home before 9:00. A．Must B．Could C．Need D．Should 8．_____ you please help to clean the rooms after supper? I have other things to do. A．Might B．Should C．Could D．Must 9．—What should I prepare for the class meeting? —Well, it isn’t a serious meeting. You ________ say whatever you like. A．should B．can C．need D．must 10．—________ I borrow your dictionary? —Sorry, I’m afraid you ________ because I’m using it. A．Could; can B．Could; can’t C．Must; can D．Must; can’t 二、完成句子 A组:对画线部分提问 11．You can improve your pronunciation by reading aloud every day. you improve your pronunciation? 12．Besides enjoying the beauty of nature, you can challenge yourself physically. besides enjoying the beauty of nature? 13．We can get good exercise by walking quickly in the park. you by walking quickly in the park? 14．We can enjoy different kinds of flowers in the Flower City of China. enjoy different kinds of flowers? 15．You can find something useful in the old box. (对画线部分提问) you find in the old box? 16．The man downstairs couldn’t sleep because the man upstairs made much noise. the man downstairs sleep? B组:同义句转换 17．She couldn’t see anything two years ago. She see two years ago. 18．The hall was not big enough to hold so many people. The hall was small that it hold so many people. 19．She was able to speak two languages. She two languages. 20．The boy didn’t have enough money to buy his favorite CDs. The boy his favorite CDs. 21．Can you buy some food for lunch? you some food for lunch? 22．I can use your computer. your computer, please? 23．Pass me the new book. pass me the new book? 24．How about going out for dinner with Grandpa? we for dinner with Grandpa? 25．You had better practice speaking English as much as possible. You had better practice speaking English as much as . 26．She can look after herself. She is look after herself. C组:其他 27.Ella can sing well and play Chinese chess. (改为否定句) Ella sing well play Chinese chess. 28.The teenager standing at the door quietly must be your friend Jim. (改为否定句) The teenager standing at the door quietly your friend Jim. 29.Peter’s aunt could hardly see anything at the age of seventy.(改为反义疑问句） Peter’s aunt could hardly see anything at the age of seventy, ? 30.The little girl could perform ballet at the age of seven. (改为一般疑问句) the little girl ballet at the age of seven? 三、翻译 31．Emma唱歌好，但是她不会演奏任何乐器。 _____________________________________________ 32．他们在晴朗的日子能帮助保持我凉爽。 _____________________________________________ 33．蜜蜂能在花丛中飞翔。它不能在水里游泳。 _____________________________________________ 34．只有少数动物能在沙漠中生存。 _____________________________________________ 35．我们可以向人们展示拯救森林的不同方法。 _____________________________________________ 36．而且也许我们外出就餐时可以自带筷子。 _____________________________________________ 37．但是我们能去游泳和享受冰淇淋。 _____________________________________________ 38．你可以和他们保持联系，并在这里交新朋友。 39．我能跑，但是我不能游泳。 _____________________________________________ 40．这个智能手表能留意我们的健康。 _____________________________________________ 41．你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗？ _____________________________________________ 42．你能告诉他/她给我回个电话吗？ _____________________________________________ 43．粉刷完之后，你能帮忙选一些照片挂在墙上吗？ _____________________________________________ 44．你能帮忙收集一些关于它们的信息吗？ _____________________________________________ 45．你能帮我把这些剪纸贴在窗户上吗？ _____________________________________________ 46．你能载我去学校吗？(give sb. a lift) _____________________________________________ 47．请你把这个消息告诉他好吗？(翻译成英语) 48．你可以帮忙我扫地吗？ _____________________________________________ 49．你能把字典借给我用吗？ _____________________________________________ 50．你能帮我打开电视吗? (turn on) _____________________________________________ Keys 1.pass 2.Could 3.can 4.can 5.can’t 6.could/can; go; can 7.could/can; please help me 8.could write 9.could swim 10.can’t play the guitar 综合练习 1-5DACAB 6-10ABCBB 11.How can 12.What can you do/What else can you do 13.What can get 14.Where can you 15.What can 16.Why couldn’t 17.could nothing 18.so couldn’t 19.could speak 20.couldn’t afford 21.Could please buy 22.Could I use 23.Could you please 24.Could go out 25.you can 26.able to 27.can’t or 28.can’t be 29.could she 30.Could perform 31．Emma sings well, but she can’t play any musical instruments. 32．They can help keep me cool on sunny days. 33．A bee can fly in flowers. It can’t swim in the water. 34．Only a few animals can live in the desert. 35．We can show people different ways to save forests. 36．And maybe we can take our own chopsticks when eating out. 37．But we can go swimming and enjoy ice cream. 38．You can keep in touch with them and make new friends here. 39．I can run, but I can’t swim. 40．This smart watch can keep an eye on our health. 41．Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 42．Could you tell him/her to call me back? 43．After painting, could you help choose some photos to hang on the walls? 44．Could you help (to) collect some information about them? 45．Could you help me (to) put up these paper-cuts on the window? 46．Could you please give me a lift to school? 47．Could you please tell him the news? 48．Could you please help me sweep the floor? 49．Could you lend me your dictionary? 50．Could you help me turn on the TV？ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $