英文修辞手法rhetorical devices清单-2026届高考英语一轮复习

该高中英语高考复习知识清单系统整理了常见的9种修辞手法，涵盖明喻、暗喻、提喻、转喻、引用、设问/反问、重复、拟人、反语，按定义、标志词、典型例句的逻辑分类呈现，构建了清晰的修辞手法知识框架。 清单采用“定义+标志词+典型例句+易混点对比”四维呈现方式，如明喻标注词源“同similar”辅助记忆，提喻与转喻设对比辨析模块，用“部分代整体/整体代部分”“相关非包含关系”明确差异，培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。重点修辞如暗喻、设问/反问标红突出，例句选用高考常见素材（如《阿甘正传》台词），配“标志词提示”（如明喻用like/as）和“作用分析”（如重复“突出重点、抒发感情”），帮助学生精准理解并灵活运用，教师可据此设计针对性练习，提升复习效率。

请判断下列句子使用的修辞手法-学生版 1. The piano played a touching tune that made the audience cry. 2. Again and again, we tried, and again and again, we learned from failure. 3. Time is a thief that steals away our youth without warning. 4. What a perfect day! I left my wallet at home and missed the train. 5. The capital announced new environmental protection measures last week. 6. He is as busy as a bee these days. 7. My teacher often says, “Mistakes are the stepping stones to success.” 8. The old house sighed as the storm passed through the village. 9. She bought a new set of wheels to commute to work. 10. Isn’t it amazing how small acts of kindness can change someone’s day? 11. Her smile is a ray of sunshine that warms everyone around. 12. Great job! You forgot to submit the most important part of the assignment. 13. If you never take risks, how can you achieve great things? 14. The wind whispered secrets to the leaves in the forest. 15. Five pairs of eyes stared at the new student when she walked into the classroom. 16. As the old saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” 17. The child’s laughter is like music to her parents’ ears. 18. Love is not jealous, love is not proud, love does not boast. 19. I spent the weekend reading Hemingway. 20. The White House responded to the public’s concerns about healthcare reform. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 请判断下列句子使用的修辞手法-教师版 1. The piano played a touching tune that made the audience cry. 转喻（Metonymy） 2. Again and again, we tried, and again and again, we learned from failure. 重复（Repetition） 3. Time is a thief that steals away our youth without warning. 暗喻（Metaphor）+ 拟人（Personification） 4. What a perfect day! I left my wallet at home and missed the train. 反语（Irony） 5. The capital announced new environmental protection measures last week. 转喻（Metonymy） 6. He is as busy as a bee these days. 明喻（Simile） 7. My teacher often says, “Mistakes are the stepping stones to success.” 引用（Quotations） 8. The old house sighed as the storm passed through the village. 拟人（Personification） 9. She bought a new set of wheels to commute to work. 提喻（Synecdoche） 10. Isn’t it amazing how small acts of kindness can change someone’s day? 设问 / 反问（Rhetorical Question） 11. Her smile is a ray of sunshine that warms everyone around. 暗喻（Metaphor） 12. Great job! You forgot to submit the most important part of the assignment. 反语（Irony） 13. If you never take risks, how can you achieve great things? 设问 / 反问（Rhetorical Question） 14. The wind whispered secrets to the leaves in the forest. 拟人（Personification） 15. Five pairs of eyes stared at the new student when she walked into the classroom. 提喻（Synecdoche） 16. As the old saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” 引用（Quotations） 17. The child’s laughter is like music to her parents’ ears. 明喻（Simile） 18. Love is not jealous, love is not proud, love does not boast. 重复（Repetition） 19. I spent the weekend reading Hemingway. 转喻（Metonymy） 20. The White House responded to the public’s concerns about healthcare reform. 转喻（Metonymy） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 常见的Rhetorical devices 修辞手法 1. 明喻 Simile /ˈsɪməli/ 词源同similar 它指的是将两种具有共性的事物进行对比，显示两者的相同之处。在比较时会使用诸如“like”, “as”, ”as if”和“seem”等标志词来提示类比。 例如：Our soldiers are as brave as lions. Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what you’re going to get. My love's like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。 2. 暗喻 Metaphor /ˈmetəfə(r)/ 通过将一种事物暗喻为另一种事物来表达意义。它与明喻不同，明喻通常使用“像”或“如同”等词来明确表示比喻关系，而暗喻则不直接使用这些比喻词，而是通过隐晦的方式表达比喻关系，使得比喻更加形象和生动。 例如： Life is a box of chocolates, Forrest. You never know what you’re going to get. All the world is a stage.  She's an angel and he's a lion. 3. 提喻 Synecdoche /sɪˈnekdəki/ 提喻是指用部分代替全体，或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般的修辞手法。这种修辞的应用让表达变得更加简洁也更加生动，同时赋予描述对象更深刻的含义，从而吸引读者的阅读兴趣。 例如： She has got five mouths to feed. 她要养活五口人。 （mouth指代人，部分代整体） He is the Newton of this century. 他是本世纪的牛顿。 （Newton指代了不起的物理学家，特殊代一般） The fox goes very well with your cap. 这条狐狸毛围脖和你的帽子很配。 （fox指代用狐狸毛做成的围脖，整体代部分） 4. 转喻 Metonymy /məˈtɒnəmi/ 转喻与提喻非常相似，区别非常细微，转喻指的是不直接说出要说的事物，而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称，但两者之间并非提喻那样的包含关系。 例如： The White House issued new import restrictions on Monday. 美国政府周一发布了新的进口限制令。用“白宫”（the White House）来指代美国政府。 I had to read Hemingway for a class. 我有门课上需要读海明威（的作品）。 Houston was ahead by six points. 休斯顿（火箭队）领先6分。用城市名来指代它的球队。 5. 引用 Quotations /kwəʊˈteɪʃn/ /quote /kwəʊt/ Gump’s mom said, “Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what you’re going to get.” 6. 设问/反问 Rhetorical Question 用疑问的语气，自问自答或者只问不答来表达肯定的含义。 例如：If winter comes, can spring be far behind? Marriage is a wonderful institution（制度）, but who would want to live in an institution? If practice makes perfect, and no one is perfect, then why practice? 7. 重复Repetition 其基本用法包括词语重复、短语重复和句子重复，即连续或间断重复使用同一单词、短语或者句子。其作用在于突出重点，可以起到加深印象、抒发感情、承上启下等效果。 例如：Love me, love my dog. Easy come, easy go. If slavery is not wrong, nothing is wrong. 8. 拟人Personification  /pəˌsɒnɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ 通过赋予非人事物以人类的属性和行为，使其具有生命力和人格特征，以增强表达的生动性和形象感。 例如：This time fate was smiling to him.  　　 The flowers nodded to her while she passed.  The fire swallowed the entire forest. The shadow of the moon danced on the lake. 9. Irony 反语 /ˈaɪrəni/ 指用相反的意义来表达实际的思想，以增强幽默感、讽刺性或讲话的力量。 例如：On her birthday, the old lay merely received a check from her dear daughter, nothing more. What a lovely present! 又如明明天气不好，却故意说： It's a nice, pleasant sort of weather indeed! 再如英语中的Gotham是有名的愚人村，却故意说：They are almost as wise as the wise men of Gotham. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $