专题02 表语从句（期末复习讲义）高二英语上学期沪教版

该高中英语表语从句期末复习讲义通过考情分析表格梳理近年高考考点分布，结合核心知识点框架（定义与结构、连接词分类、核心规则）构建知识体系，用实例解析突出连接词辨析、语序规范等重难点，清晰呈现知识内在逻辑。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，基础题夯实连接词运用（如reason后that从句），提升题强化语境辨析（如it looks as if句式），拓展题结合语篇训练综合运用，即时检测附详细解析。通过高考题型（语法填空、短文改错）培养语言能力与思维品质，支持分层教学，助力教师精准复习和学生自主提升。

专题02 表语从句（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 北京卷 表语从句连接词选择 【考向透视】 表语从句是高二英语核心语法之一，近年高考中多在语法填空、短文改错、书面表达中考查，侧重连接词的辨析与运用、从句语序及时态一致性。阅读理解长难句中也常出现表语从句，需准确理解句意逻辑。书面表达中运用表语从句可提升句式丰富度，是高分表达的重要技巧。 【复习目标】 1.掌握表语从句的定义、基本结构及连接词分类与用法。 2.熟练掌握表语从句的语序规则与时态呼应原则。 3.能准确区分易混连接词，在语境中完成填空、改错及写作运用。 2025 新高考 I 卷 表语从句语序与连接词 2024 新高考 II 卷 书面表达中表语从句运用 2024 浙江卷 语法填空中连接词填空 2023 全国乙卷 短文改错中表语从句错误修正 核心知识点梳理 知识点 01 表语从句的定义与基本结构 表语从句是指在复合句中作表语的从句，位于系动词（be 动词、感官动词、变化类动词等）之后，用以说明主语的身份、性质、特征、状态或内容。 核心结构：主语 + 系动词 + that/wh - 疑问词 /if/whether + 陈述句语序 例：The fact is that he has passed the exam.（事实是他通过了考试。） 例：My question is whether she will come on time.（我的问题是她是否会准时来。） 知识点 02 表语从句的连接词分类与用法 表语从句的连接词分为三类，需根据从句句意逻辑选择： 1.连接词 that：无实际意义，不作句子成分，不能省略（尤其主语为 reason 时） 例：His suggestion is that we should start early.（他的建议是我们应该早点出发。） 例：The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus.（他迟到的原因是错过了公交车。） 2.连接代词（what/which/who/whom/whose）：有实际意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语 例：What matters most is what you do next.（最重要的是你接下来要做什么。）（第二个 what 作宾语） 例：The problem is which team will win the game.（问题是哪支队伍会赢得比赛。）（which 作定语） 3.连接副词（when/where/why/how）：有实际意义，在从句中作状语 例：The question is when we will hold the meeting.（问题是我们什么时候开会。）（when作时间状语） 例：That’s where we met for the first time.（那就是我们第一次见面的地方。）（where 作地点状语） 4.从属连词 if/whether：表示 “是否”，不作句子成分，表语从句中只能用 whether，不能用 if 例：The key point is whether we can get enough support.（关键是我们能否得到足够的支持。）（不可用 if） 知识点 03 表语从句的核心规则 1.语序规则：从句必须用陈述句语序（连接词 + 主语 + 谓语），不可用疑问语序 正：The problem is how we can solve it.（正确） 误：The problem is how can we solve it.（错误） 2.时态呼应：主句为一般现在时，从句可根据句意用任意时态；主句为一般过去时，从句需用相应的过去时态（客观真理除外） 例：He said that the earth is round.（他说地球是圆的。）（客观真理用一般现在时） 例：She asked what we were doing at that time.（她问我们那时在做什么。）（过去进行时呼应主句过去时） 3.特殊句型：当主语为 suggestion/advice/order/request 等表示 “建议、命令、要求” 的名词时，表语从句需用 “should + 动词原形”，should 可省略 例：My advice is that you (should) apologize to her.（我的建议是你向她道歉。） 即时检测 1.The most important thing is __________ we can finish the task on time. 【答案】that 【解析】句意：最重要的是我们能按时完成任务。从句句意完整、不缺成分，用 that 引导表语从句，that 不可省略。 2.His doubt is __________ the new plan will work or not. 【答案】whether 【解析】句意：他的疑问是新计划是否会奏效。表语从句中表示 “是否” 且与 or not 连用，只能用 whether，不能用 if。 3.The reason why she failed the exam is __________ she didn’t study hard. 【答案】that 【解析】句意：她考试不及格的原因是她学习不努力。主语为 reason 时，表语从句必须用 that 引导，不可用 because。 4.翻译句子：我们争论的焦点是谁应该为这个错误负责。 【答案】The focus of our argument is who should be responsible for the mistake. 【解析】“谁应该为这个错误负责” 作表语，用连接代词 who 引导从句，从句用陈述句语序，“为…… 负责” 译为 be responsible for。 5.下列句子中表语从句用法正确的是（ ） A. The question is if he will come. B. What he wants to know is when will the meeting start. C. My idea is that we should take action immediately. D. The fact is why he lied to us. 【答案】C 【解析】A 项表语从句中不可用 if，应改为 whether；B 项从句用了疑问语序，应改为 when the meeting will start；D 项 fact 后接表语从句应用 that，why 引导表语从句需对应主语为 reason，故选 C。 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．A great thing about the Internet is it has made the world smaller. 2．What really matters is how you live your life rather than you were born. 3． (kill) by a shark was used to happen in those days. 4．The reason why he is late for school is he missed the bus. 5．She often comes late. That’s she has a baby to take care of. 6．Diana’s confusion is she should stick to her own way of life or follow the American way. 7．Perhaps the most obvious challenge of studying abroad is you have to overcome the language barrier. 8．The exact places Snow marked on the map were all those who had lived. 9．The question is machines can ever really think in all these aspects. 10．This is my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 11．Wild animals play an important part in nature; that is we should raise our awareness of protecting them. 12．The reason he didn’t come is he had not received the invitation. 13．The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is one can be entirely free from dust. 14．He studied hard and later became a well-known physician, which was his father had expected. 15．I love reading books because they can expand my knowledge. That’s I always carry a book with me. 16．He keeps yawning in class this morning. That is he stayed up late doing his homework last night. 17．The reason why he was late was he was caught in a traffic jam. 18．Beijing Opera combines various art forms and that is it is regarded as one of China’s national treasures. 19．This is they call a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. 20．But the greatest mystery of all is caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities. 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．An ideal vacation destination should be people struggling in the concrete jungle can seek relief and enjoy the natural beauty. 2．The most important is will be in charge of the evening party. 3．Dark clouds are gathering. It looks it’s going to rain. 4．What you may not believe was happened at the initial stage of our group’s research on developing a vaccine for malaria. 5．The reason why we were late for the conference was our connecting flight got cancelled. 6．What concerned him most was farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 7． had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature — that’s accounted for all its hot springs. 8．Blackpool was I got my first taste of the world of entertainment. 9．Seeing so many friends dying of drug-related illnesses was brought me to my senses. 10．That was we did this morning. 11．What he really means is he disagrees with us. 12．— Have you heard the news that he was admitted into Peking University? — Yes, that’s he worked so hard all the time, so his efforts paid off. 13．Even more importantly, it is all the drivers receive their training. 14．The problem is we can trust to be in charge of such an important project. 15．She looks so happy. That’s she has won the competition. 16．The truth, though, is could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 17．You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is I agree. 18．Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. 19．Perhaps that is it gradually replaced pottery in history. 20．That is Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas a special time of year. 拓展题（测试时间：15分钟） 1．The school is no longer it used to be. 2．A simple restaurant was he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee. 3．The problem is you can stick to your point of view while most people are against it. What really matters is not others think of you but you think of yourself. 4．You are saying that women should stay at home rather than going out to work, and this is I disagree. 5． my dear teacher couldn’t understand was fewer and fewer middle school students showed interest in her lessons. 6．The reason why I lost my temper was I couldn’t tolerate his laziness. 7．Actually, girls can be they want to be just like boys, it is a pilot, an astronaut, or a manager . 8．Commitment is it takes to achieve your dreams. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Britain’s obesity problem is costing our economy almost £100 billion a year and will leave us a sick and poor nation, a report has found. Analysis from the Tony Blair Institute, published by The Times, estimates that the damaging effect 1 national productivity from excess weight is nine times greater than previously believed. The cost of obesity is expected to grow by another £10 billion over the next 15 years, according to the report. The total cost of £98 billion, which includes the £63 billion cost of shorter, 2 (healthy) lives, is equivalent to about 4 per cent of GDP. Henry Dimbleby, the Government’s former food tsar, has called on ministers 3 (launch) smoking-style restrictions on junk food and turn away from plans to put millions of overweight people on weight-loss drugs. According to Mr Dimbleby, 4 such interventions are in place, Britain will be left a sick and impoverished nation, the NHS will suck all the money out of the other public services while at the same time, economic growth and tax revenue will stagnate. To date, the government 5 (shelve) plans for a 9 pm junk food advertising watershed (禁播起始时间) and a ban on buy-one-get-one-free deals on unhealthy products until 2025. Victoria Atkins, the health secretary, suggests the authorities 6 (transfer) from being nanny-statist (管理过度) to giving people help and advice on how to be healthier. A Department of Health spokesman told The Times that it was “taking firm action to tackle obesity” 7 actually worked, citing food-labelling guidelines, funding for school sports and giving healthy food vouchers to 8 (disadvantage) families. Hermione Dace, of the Tony Blair Institute, told the newspaper that its analysis shows that the health of the nation and our economic growth and prosperity 9 (ground) on dealing with obesity. “We need a fresh approach 10 real options are available to people, rebalancing the food system in favour of healthy, cost-effective choices and discouraging profiting from ultra-processed and junk food.” Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Labubu dolls In recent months, everywhere I go, there’s been one accessory on everyone’s lips and bags. 1 I wanted to grab one myself, the truth is, they are harder to buy than you think. 2 viral products of the past (such as the Stanley craze), they sell out in seconds just to pop up on resale sites for five times the original price tag. Now let’s get into the history of these popular Labubu dolls. They 3 (originate) in Hong Kong in 2015, a time when designer toys were beginning to capture global attention. 4 (know) as elves(小精灵) set them apart from their popular predecessors (Hello Kitty and other plush characters). They came to fruition in a Nordic-inspired picture book that artist Kasing Lung created. After the initial release of the book, the popular toy company Pop Mart created the first collectible collection for sale in 2019, and since then, sales have soared as new collections are released. The Labubu creatures are a part of a tribe perceived as “The Monsters,” and other members of the group include Zimomo, Mokoko and more. From collection to collection, each can be seen wearing various outfits, different facial features and funny accessories. But don’t let the naughty smile make you think Labubu are evil. Lung says they are well-natured little creatures who have nothing but good intentions and 5 they sometimes inevitably end up in a difficulty. Now, 6 makes Labubu so popular, besides the obvious cute charm, is that they are collectibles and hard to get, so it adds to the excitement of the hunt. They also come in blind boxes so the hunt becomes 7 (hard) if you have a particular color or Monster in mind. Because of mystery of the blind boxes, the reveal can be a surprise which is why many fans record their first impression of their creature 8 (capture) the moment. This excitement transcends age groups and communities, with everyone from pop stars to middle school students 9 (wear) the bag charms. It creates a sense of joy and a moment 10 you can say, “Yes, I succeeded and found a Labubu.” 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 表语从句（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 北京卷 表语从句连接词选择 【考向透视】 表语从句是高二英语核心语法之一，近年高考中多在语法填空、短文改错、书面表达中考查，侧重连接词的辨析与运用、从句语序及时态一致性。阅读理解长难句中也常出现表语从句，需准确理解句意逻辑。书面表达中运用表语从句可提升句式丰富度，是高分表达的重要技巧。 【复习目标】 1.掌握表语从句的定义、基本结构及连接词分类与用法。 2.熟练掌握表语从句的语序规则与时态呼应原则。 3.能准确区分易混连接词，在语境中完成填空、改错及写作运用。 2025 新高考 I 卷 表语从句语序与连接词 2024 新高考 II 卷 书面表达中表语从句运用 2024 浙江卷 语法填空中连接词填空 2023 全国乙卷 短文改错中表语从句错误修正 核心知识点梳理 知识点 01 表语从句的定义与基本结构 表语从句是指在复合句中作表语的从句，位于系动词（be 动词、感官动词、变化类动词等）之后，用以说明主语的身份、性质、特征、状态或内容。 核心结构：主语 + 系动词 + that/wh - 疑问词 /if/whether + 陈述句语序 例：The fact is that he has passed the exam.（事实是他通过了考试。） 例：My question is whether she will come on time.（我的问题是她是否会准时来。） 知识点 02 表语从句的连接词分类与用法 表语从句的连接词分为三类，需根据从句句意逻辑选择： 1.连接词 that：无实际意义，不作句子成分，不能省略（尤其主语为 reason 时） 例：His suggestion is that we should start early.（他的建议是我们应该早点出发。） 例：The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus.（他迟到的原因是错过了公交车。） 2.连接代词（what/which/who/whom/whose）：有实际意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语 例：What matters most is what you do next.（最重要的是你接下来要做什么。）（第二个 what 作宾语） 例：The problem is which team will win the game.（问题是哪支队伍会赢得比赛。）（which 作定语） 3.连接副词（when/where/why/how）：有实际意义，在从句中作状语 例：The question is when we will hold the meeting.（问题是我们什么时候开会。）（when作时间状语） 例：That’s where we met for the first time.（那就是我们第一次见面的地方。）（where 作地点状语） 4.从属连词 if/whether：表示 “是否”，不作句子成分，表语从句中只能用 whether，不能用 if 例：The key point is whether we can get enough support.（关键是我们能否得到足够的支持。）（不可用 if） 知识点 03 表语从句的核心规则 1.语序规则：从句必须用陈述句语序（连接词 + 主语 + 谓语），不可用疑问语序 正：The problem is how we can solve it.（正确） 误：The problem is how can we solve it.（错误） 2.时态呼应：主句为一般现在时，从句可根据句意用任意时态；主句为一般过去时，从句需用相应的过去时态（客观真理除外） 例：He said that the earth is round.（他说地球是圆的。）（客观真理用一般现在时） 例：She asked what we were doing at that time.（她问我们那时在做什么。）（过去进行时呼应主句过去时） 3.特殊句型：当主语为 suggestion/advice/order/request 等表示 “建议、命令、要求” 的名词时，表语从句需用 “should + 动词原形”，should 可省略 例：My advice is that you (should) apologize to her.（我的建议是你向她道歉。） 即时检测 1.The most important thing is __________ we can finish the task on time. 【答案】that 【解析】句意：最重要的是我们能按时完成任务。从句句意完整、不缺成分，用 that 引导表语从句，that 不可省略。 2.His doubt is __________ the new plan will work or not. 【答案】whether 【解析】句意：他的疑问是新计划是否会奏效。表语从句中表示 “是否” 且与 or not 连用，只能用 whether，不能用 if。 3.The reason why she failed the exam is __________ she didn’t study hard. 【答案】that 【解析】句意：她考试不及格的原因是她学习不努力。主语为 reason 时，表语从句必须用 that 引导，不可用 because。 4.翻译句子：我们争论的焦点是谁应该为这个错误负责。 【答案】The focus of our argument is who should be responsible for the mistake. 【解析】“谁应该为这个错误负责” 作表语，用连接代词 who 引导从句，从句用陈述句语序，“为…… 负责” 译为 be responsible for。 5.下列句子中表语从句用法正确的是（ ） A. The question is if he will come. B. What he wants to know is when will the meeting start. C. My idea is that we should take action immediately. D. The fact is why he lied to us. 【答案】C 【解析】A 项表语从句中不可用 if，应改为 whether；B 项从句用了疑问语序，应改为 when the meeting will start；D 项 fact 后接表语从句应用 that，why 引导表语从句需对应主语为 reason，故选 C。 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．A great thing about the Internet is it has made the world smaller. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：互联网的一大优点在于它让世界变得越来越小了。引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分或句意，故用that。故填that。 2．What really matters is how you live your life rather than you were born. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：真正重要的是你如何度过自己的人生，而非你出生在哪里。引导表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，故填where。 3． (kill) by a shark was used to happen in those days. 【答案】 Being killed what 【详解】考查动名词和表语从句。句意：在那个年代，被鲨鱼咬死是常有的事。“____ by a shark”作句子主语，此处指被鲨鱼咬死，应用动名词的被动being killed作主语，句首单词首字母应大写。第二空引导表语从句，在从句中作主语，意为“……的事情”，应用what。故填①Being killed；②what。 4．The reason why he is late for school is he missed the bus. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他上学迟到的原因是他错过了公共汽车。空处引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。故填that。 5．She often comes late. That’s she has a baby to take care of. 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：她经常迟到。那是因为她有一个孩子要照顾。本空引导表语从句，从句是对前文“She often comes late”的原因进行解释，用because“因为”引导表语从句，说明原因。故填because。 6．Diana’s confusion is she should stick to her own way of life or follow the American way. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：戴安娜的困惑在于她是否应该坚持自己的生活方式还是遵循美国的生活方式。此处为连接词引导的表语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意，此处表达“是否……”的含义，与or连用应用whether引导表语从句。故填whether。 7．Perhaps the most obvious challenge of studying abroad is you have to overcome the language barrier. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：或许出国留学面临的最明显挑战就是必须克服语言障碍。空处位于系动词is之后，作表语，此处为表语从句，从句部分无缺失成分，意义完整，应用that引导。故填that。 8．The exact places Snow marked on the map were all those who had lived. 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：斯诺在地图上标注的精确位置，就是所有那些人曾经居住过的地方。设空处前为系动词were，故设空处引导表语从句，从句缺少地点，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 9．The question is machines can ever really think in all these aspects. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是机器是否真的能在所有这些方面进行思考。设空处前为系动词is，故设空处引导表语从句，从句不缺句子成分但句意不完整，再结合空前的“The question”可知，此处表示“是否”符合语境。故填whether。 10．This is my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句引导词。句意：这就是我父亲教我的——始终面对困难，并抱最大的希望。分析句子可知，“________ my father has taught me”是表语从句，位于系动词is之后，从句中缺少taught的宾语（即“父亲教我的东西”），故应用连接代词what引导该表语从句，指代“父亲所教的内容”。故填what。 11．Wild animals play an important part in nature; that is we should raise our awareness of protecting them. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：野生动物在自然界中扮演着重要的角色；这就是为什么我们应该提高保护它们的意识。根据Wild animals play an important part in nature可知，此处表示我们保护野生动物的原因，that is why...是固定句型，意为“这就是为什么……”，其中why引导表语从句，在从句中作原因状语。故填why。 12．The reason he didn’t come is he had not received the invitation. 【答案】 why that 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：他没有来的原因是他没有收到邀请。“___he didn’t come”是定语从句，修饰先行词The reason，关系词代替先行词在从句中作原因状语，因此第一空用关系副词why引导定语从句；系动词is后是表语从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分以及意义，用that引导表语从句。故填①why；②that。 13．The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is one can be entirely free from dust. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句连接词。句意：雨季最令人愉快的事情是人们可以完全摆脱灰尘。分析句子结构可知，“is”后为表语从句，从句“one can be entirely free from dust”结构完整，不缺少成分，且表达陈述含义，因此应用连接词“that”引导表语从句，that在表语从句中无实际意义，只起连接作用。故填that。 14．He studied hard and later became a well-known physician, which was his father had expected. 【答案】what 【详解】考查连接代词。句意：他刻苦学习，后来成为了一名著名的医生，这正是他父亲所期望的。空格后的部分是表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且意义为“……的事物”，所以用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 15．I love reading books because they can expand my knowledge. That’s I always carry a book with me. 【答案】why 【详解】考查连接副词。句意：我喜欢读书，因为它们能扩展我的知识。这就是我总是随身带一本书的原因。空格处引导表语从句，且意义为“为什么”，应该用连接副词why；that’s why…为固定句式，意为“这就是为什么……”。故填why。 16．He keeps yawning in class this morning. That is he stayed up late doing his homework last night. 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：今天上午在课堂上他一直在打哈欠。那是因为他昨天晚上写家庭作业熬夜到很晚。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，is是系动词，后面接表语从句，应用because引导该从句解释原因，故填because。 17．The reason why he was late was he was caught in a traffic jam. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他迟到的原因是遇到了交通堵塞。引导表语从句，从句句子成分和句意都完整，用连接词that引导从句，故填that。 18．Beijing Opera combines various art forms and that is it is regarded as one of China’s national treasures. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：京剧结合了多种艺术形式，这就是为什么它被认为是中国的国宝之一。空处引导表语从句，从句成分完整，结合句意可知此处指“这就是为什么它被认为是中国的国宝之一”，引导词在从句中作原因状语，应用连接副词why引导，故填why。 19．This is they call a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. 【答案】what 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：这就是人们所说的千载难逢的机会。由句意此处应填表语从句的引导词，从句动词call缺少宾语，表示“……的事物”，应用连接代词what。故填what。 20．But the greatest mystery of all is caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：但最大的谜团是什么原因导致玛雅人放弃了他们大部分的大城市。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物，用what引导表语从句，故填what。 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．An ideal vacation destination should be people struggling in the concrete jungle can seek relief and enjoy the natural beauty. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：一个理想的度假目的地应该是一个在混凝土丛林中挣扎的人们可以寻求解脱并享受自然美景的地方。此处引导表语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，表示“……的地方”。故填 where。 2．The most important is will be in charge of the evening party. 【答案】who 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：最重要的是谁来主持晚会。分析句子结构可知，“________ will be in charge of the evening party”是表语从句，且从句中缺少主语，表示“谁将负责晚会”，所以用who引导该表语从句。故填who。 3．Dark clouds are gathering. It looks it’s going to rain. 【答案】as if/as though 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：乌云正在聚集。看起来好像要下雨了。引导表语从句，表示“好像”可用as if或as though，故填as if/as though。 4．What you may not believe was happened at the initial stage of our group’s research on developing a vaccine for malaria. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你可能不会相信在我们小组开展疟疾疫苗研发研究的初期阶段所发生的事情。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，用从属连词what，故填what。 5．The reason why we were late for the conference was our connecting flight got cancelled. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我们开会迟到的原因是转机航班取消了。空处引导一个表语从句，用于解释主语The reason的具体内容，且从句中不缺少任何成分，句意完整，所以空处应用无实际意义、只起连接作用的that来引导该表语从句。故填that。 6．What concerned him most was farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：最让他担心的是农民们常常收成不好，有时甚至严重缺粮。设空处引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分或含义，应用连接词that引导，且不可省略。故填that。 7． had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature — that’s accounted for all its hot springs. 【答案】 It what 【详解】考查代词和连词。句意：人们早就知道黄石公园本质上是火山——这就解释了它所有温泉的原因。第一空，that引导的名词性从句作真正的主语，句首应用it作形式主语，位于句首，首字母需大写；第二空，空处引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，需用连接代词what引导。故填①It；②what。 8．Blackpool was I got my first taste of the world of entertainment. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：布莱克浦是我第一次体验娱乐世界的地方。“I got my first taste of the world of entertainment”是表语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，缺少地点状语，表示“在那里”，应用连接副词where引导表语从句。故填where。 9．Seeing so many friends dying of drug-related illnesses was brought me to my senses. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：看到这么多朋友死于与毒品有关的疾病，这让我清醒了过来。“ brought me to my senses”是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代“看到这么多朋友死于与毒品有关的疾病”这件事，所以用连接代词what引导表语从句。故填what。 10．That was we did this morning. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：那就是我们今天早上做的事。分析句子结构可知，这里考查表语从句，从句缺宾语，表示“什么”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 11．What he really means is he disagrees with us. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他真正的意思是他不同意我们的观点。分析句子结构可知，这里考查表语从句，从句句意完整且不缺成分，应用连接词that引导。故填that。 12．— Have you heard the news that he was admitted into Peking University? — Yes, that’s he worked so hard all the time, so his efforts paid off. 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：——你听说他被北京大学录取的消息了吗？——是的，那是因为他一直很努力，所以他的努力得到了回报。填空处需表示原因，句意为“那是因为他一直在努力工作”，用because引导表语从句。故填because。 13．Even more importantly, it is all the drivers receive their training. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：更重要的是，这里正是所有司机接受培训的地方。空处引导表语从句，在从句中作地点状语，故应用连接副词where引导，故填where。 14．The problem is we can trust to be in charge of such an important project. 【答案】who/whom 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是我们能相信谁可以负责这么重要的项目。根据is可知，空处引导表语从句。从句we can trust to be in charge of such an important project中缺少trust的宾语，且指的是人，应用连接代词who或者whom引导。故填who/whom。 15．She looks so happy. That’s she has won the competition. 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：她看起来很开心。那是因为她赢得了比赛。That’s because...表示 “那是因为……”，用来解释原因。故填because。 16．The truth, though, is could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：然而，事实是可以猜到的 —— 这里从来没有其他人。只有我、尼克和这片寂静的森林。分析句子可知，“is”后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用连接代词what引导，what在从句中作主语，意为“……的事情”。故填what。 17．You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is I agree. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你说每个人都应该是平等的，这是我不同意的地方。“____ I agree”是表语从句，从句中谓语动词agree是不及物动词，后面不需要宾语，结合句意，表示“在……地方”，应用连接副词where作地点状语。故填where。 18．Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：尽管这些运动很广泛，但现实是大多数西方城市完全是围绕汽车的需求重新设计的。道路上汽车的数量一直在迅速增加。“ the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car”是表语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，应用只起连接作用、无实义的连词that引导从句。故填that。 19．Perhaps that is it gradually replaced pottery in history. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：也许这就是它在历史上逐渐取代陶器的原因。空处引导表语从句，从句句意完整，用连接副词引导，根据句意，表达“……的原因”之意，用why引导该从句。故填why。 20．That is Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas a special time of year. 【答案】 why as 【详解】考查表语从句连接词和介词。句意：这就是为什么《圣诞老人的来信》对于那些把圣诞节视为一年中特殊时刻的人来说是一本完美的书。 第一空处为表语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意可知，此处表示“为什么”，应用连接副词why引导该从句，所以填why； 第二空处为固定搭配regard...as...“把……视为……”，所以填as。故填①why②as。 拓展题（测试时间：15分钟） 1．The school is no longer it used to be. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这所学校不再是过去的样子了。设空处接在be动词后，引导表语从句，根据句意此处为“……的样子”，应填what作为连接词。故填what。 2．A simple restaurant was he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：一个简单的餐厅是他通常吃同样一餐(香肠、鸡蛋和咖啡)的地方。分析句子可知，“ he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee”是表语从句，从句缺少引导词，结合句意，表示“在这个简单的餐厅”，用连接副词where引导该从句，并充当地点状语。故填where。 3．The problem is you can stick to your point of view while most people are against it. What really matters is not others think of you but you think of yourself. 【答案】 whether what what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是当大多数人反对你的观点时，你能否坚持你的观点。真正重要的不是别人怎么看你，而是你怎么看自己。第一个空位于be动词后，是表语从句，表示是否能坚持，用whether引导表语从句；第二个空位于be动词后，是表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，用what引导，第三个空but连接两个并列的表语从句，也是缺少宾语，用what引导。故填whether；what；what。 4．You are saying that women should stay at home rather than going out to work, and this is I disagree. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句连词。句意：你一直强调女性应该待在家里而不是外出工作。这是我不同意的地方。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导表语从句，从句谓语动词disagree为不及物动词，填写where表“不同意的地方（观点）”。故填where。 5． my dear teacher couldn’t understand was fewer and fewer middle school students showed interest in her lessons. 【答案】 What why 【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：我亲爱的老师不明白的事是为什么越来越少的中学生对他的课感兴趣。“________ my dear teacher couldn't understand”作句子主语，是一个主语从句，第一个设空处为主语从句的引导词，在从句中作 understand的宾语，指事物，所以用what引导主语从句，表示“……的事情”，所以填What；“________ fewer and fewer middle school students showed interest in her lessons.”是一个表语从句，第二个设空处为表语从句的引导词，在从句中作原因状语，所以用why引导表语从句，表示“为什么”。故填What；why。 6．The reason why I lost my temper was I couldn’t tolerate his laziness. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我发脾气的原因是我不能容忍他的懒惰。分析句子，设空处引导的是表语从句。从句成分和意义都完整，应用连接词that引导。故填that。 7．Actually, girls can be they want to be just like boys, it is a pilot, an astronaut, or a manager . 【答案】 whatever whether 【详解】考查表语从句和让步状语从句。句意：事实上，女孩可以像男孩一样成为任何她们想成为的人，无论是飞行员、宇航员还是经理。根据句子结构可知，第一空应填连接代词whatever引导表语从句，whatever同时在该从句中充当be的表语，意为“不管什么”；第二空应填连词whether，whether...or...可以引导包含选择范围的让步状语从句，意为“不管是……还是……”。在句中从属连词whether只起到引导连接作用，在从句中不充当成分，只表示疑问语气。故填：①whatever；②whether。 8．Commitment is it takes to achieve your dreams. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：承诺是实现梦想的必要条件。此处为连接词引导表语从句，此句动词takes缺少宾语，且指的是事情，所以此处使用连词代词what。故填what。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Britain’s obesity problem is costing our economy almost £100 billion a year and will leave us a sick and poor nation, a report has found. Analysis from the Tony Blair Institute, published by The Times, estimates that the damaging effect 1 national productivity from excess weight is nine times greater than previously believed. The cost of obesity is expected to grow by another £10 billion over the next 15 years, according to the report. The total cost of £98 billion, which includes the £63 billion cost of shorter, 2 (healthy) lives, is equivalent to about 4 per cent of GDP. Henry Dimbleby, the Government’s former food tsar, has called on ministers 3 (launch) smoking-style restrictions on junk food and turn away from plans to put millions of overweight people on weight-loss drugs. According to Mr Dimbleby, 4 such interventions are in place, Britain will be left a sick and impoverished nation, the NHS will suck all the money out of the other public services while at the same time, economic growth and tax revenue will stagnate. To date, the government 5 (shelve) plans for a 9 pm junk food advertising watershed (禁播起始时间) and a ban on buy-one-get-one-free deals on unhealthy products until 2025. Victoria Atkins, the health secretary, suggests the authorities 6 (transfer) from being nanny-statist (管理过度) to giving people help and advice on how to be healthier. A Department of Health spokesman told The Times that it was “taking firm action to tackle obesity” 7 actually worked, citing food-labelling guidelines, funding for school sports and giving healthy food vouchers to 8 (disadvantage) families. Hermione Dace, of the Tony Blair Institute, told the newspaper that its analysis shows that the health of the nation and our economic growth and prosperity 9 (ground) on dealing with obesity. “We need a fresh approach 10 real options are available to people, rebalancing the food system in favour of healthy, cost-effective choices and discouraging profiting from ultra-processed and junk food.” 【答案】 1．on 2．unhealthier 3．to launch 4．unless 5．has shelved 6．(should) transfer 7．that/which 8．disadvantaged 9．are grounded 10．where 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一项分析称英国肥胖危机每年造成近千亿英镑经济损失，相关人士指出若不采取严厉干预，这将导致国民健康恶化、经济停滞，并呼吁政府采取更坚定的行动。 1．考查介词。句意：《泰晤士报》发布的托尼·布莱尔研究所分析估计，超重对国民生产力的破坏性影响是此前预估的九倍。根据空后的“national productivity”可知，空处应用介词on，和名词effect搭配，表示“对……的影响”。故填on。 2．考查形容词比较级。句意：总计980亿英镑的成本，其中包括因寿命缩短和健康恶化导致的630亿英镑损失，约占GDP的4%。空处和shorter并列，作修饰lives的定语，形容词unhealthy“不健康的”符合语境，且需用比较级形式，和shorter保持形式一致。故填unhealthier。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：政府前食品政策负责人亨利·丁布尔比呼吁部长们对垃圾食品实施类似烟草的严格限制，并放弃为超重人群大规模提供减肥药的计划。call on sb. to do是固定短语，意为“呼吁某人做某事”，因此用launch“发起，发动”的不定式形式。故填to launch。 4．考查状语从句。句意：根据丁布尔比先生的说法，除非这些干预措施到位，否则英国将沦为贫病交加的国家，NHS会耗尽其他公共服务的资金，同时经济增长和税收将陷入停滞。“英国将沦为贫病交加的国家”建立在“这些干预措施到位”不成立的情况下，因此用unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 5．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，政府已暂缓原定于2025年前实施的垃圾食品晚间9点广告禁播计划和不健康产品“买一送一”促销限制。空处作句子的谓语，结合“To date”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在，shelve“搁置”和主语the government之间是主动关系，且主语是单数，助动词应用has。故填has shelved。 6．考查虚拟语气。句意：卫生部长维多利亚·阿特金斯建议当局从管理过度转变为向人们提供帮助和建议，告诉他们如何变得更健康。suggest表示“建议”，其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语部分用“should+动词原形”的形式，且should可以省略。故填(should) transfer。 7．考查定语从句。句意：卫生部的一名发言人告诉《泰晤士报》，他们正在“采取坚定的行动来解决肥胖问题”，这实际上是有效的，他提到了食品标签指南、资助学校体育活动以及向弱势家庭发放健康食品券。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词action，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。 8．考查形容词。句意：卫生部的一名发言人告诉《泰晤士报》，他们正在“采取坚定的行动来解决肥胖问题”，这实际上是有效的，他提到了食品标签指南、资助学校体育活动以及向弱势家庭发放健康食品券。空处作修饰families的定语，形容词disadvantaged符合题意，意为“贫困的，处于不利地位的”。故填disadvantaged。 9．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：托尼·布莱尔研究所的赫敏·戴斯在接受报纸采访时表示，该分析表明，国家的健康以及我们的经济增长和繁荣是建立在解决肥胖问题的基础上的。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，be grounded on“以……为根据”是固定短语，应用被动语态，且主语是两个名词短语，be动词应用are。故填are grounded。 10．考查定语从句。句意：“我们需要一种新的方法，为人们提供真正的选择，重新平衡食品体系，支持健康、具有成本效益的选择，并阻止从超加工食品和垃圾食品中获利。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词approach，先行词在从句中表示“为人们提供真正的选择”发生的抽象地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Labubu dolls In recent months, everywhere I go, there’s been one accessory on everyone’s lips and bags. 1 I wanted to grab one myself, the truth is, they are harder to buy than you think. 2 viral products of the past (such as the Stanley craze), they sell out in seconds just to pop up on resale sites for five times the original price tag. Now let’s get into the history of these popular Labubu dolls. They 3 (originate) in Hong Kong in 2015, a time when designer toys were beginning to capture global attention. 4 (know) as elves(小精灵) set them apart from their popular predecessors (Hello Kitty and other plush characters). They came to fruition in a Nordic-inspired picture book that artist Kasing Lung created. After the initial release of the book, the popular toy company Pop Mart created the first collectible collection for sale in 2019, and since then, sales have soared as new collections are released. The Labubu creatures are a part of a tribe perceived as “The Monsters,” and other members of the group include Zimomo, Mokoko and more. From collection to collection, each can be seen wearing various outfits, different facial features and funny accessories. But don’t let the naughty smile make you think Labubu are evil. Lung says they are well-natured little creatures who have nothing but good intentions and 5 they sometimes inevitably end up in a difficulty. Now, 6 makes Labubu so popular, besides the obvious cute charm, is that they are collectibles and hard to get, so it adds to the excitement of the hunt. They also come in blind boxes so the hunt becomes 7 (hard) if you have a particular color or Monster in mind. Because of mystery of the blind boxes, the reveal can be a surprise which is why many fans record their first impression of their creature 8 (capture) the moment. This excitement transcends age groups and communities, with everyone from pop stars to middle school students 9 (wear) the bag charms. It creates a sense of joy and a moment 10 you can say, “Yes, I succeeded and found a Labubu.” 【答案】 1．Although/Though/While 2．Like 3．originated 4．Being known 5．that 6．what 7．harder 8．to capture 9．wearing 10．when 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了当下大热的Labubu玩偶，包括其购买难度、起源、形象特点，还说明了其受欢迎的原因，如具有收藏价值、盲盒形式增添乐趣等。 1．考查状语从句。句意：尽管我自己也想拥有一个，但事实上，它们比你想象的要难买得多。结合句意可知，此处为although/though/while“尽管”引导的让步状语从句，符合题意，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 2．考查介词。句意：就像过去的病毒式产品（比如Stanley热潮）一样，它们几秒钟内就售罄，然后在转售网站上以原价五倍的价格出现。结合句意可知，此处为介词like“像”符合句意，表示与过去那些热门产品类似；开头单词首字母大写。故填Like。 3．考查动词时态。句意：它们起源于2015年的香港，当时设计师玩具开始引起全球关注。根据时间状语in 2015可知，为一般过去时。故填originated。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们被称为小精灵，这使它们与流行的前辈（Hello Kitty和其他毛绒角色）区分开来。此处为非谓语动词作主语，与主语they为被动关系，且表示正在被称作，所以用动名词的被动形式being done。故填Being known。 5．考查宾语从句。句意：Lung说，它们是本性善良的小生物，除了好意之外什么都没有，而且它们有时不可避免地会陷入困境。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词没有含义，需用连接词that引导。故填that。 6．考查主语从句。句意：现在，除了明显的可爱魅力之外，让Labubu如此受欢迎的是它们是收藏品，很难买到，所以这增加了寻找的兴奋感。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的事物”，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 7．考查形容词比较级。句意：它们也装在盲盒里，所以如果你心里有特定的颜色或怪物，寻找就会变得更难。由空前becomes以及句意可知，此处使用形容词作表语，此处表示“寻找Labubu变得更加困难”，故使用形容词比较级形式。故填harder。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于盲盒的神秘性，打开盲盒（揭晓其中内容）的瞬间会带来惊喜，因此许多粉丝会记录下他们对自己所抽到的玩偶的第一印象，以捕捉这一时刻。句中record为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词；名词impression前有序数词first修饰，使用不定式结构作后置定语。故填to capture。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种兴奋感超越了年龄组和社区，从流行歌星到中学生，每个人都戴着包上的挂饰。此处为with的复合结构，everyone与wear之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式作宾补。故填wearing。 10．考查定语从句。句意：它创造了一种喜悦感和一个你可以说“是的，我成功了并找到了一个Labubu”的时刻。设空处引导定语从句，引导词在从句中作时间状语，修饰前文的a moment，故用when引导的定语从句。故填when。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $