专题01 过去进行时被动语态（期末复习讲义）高二英语上学期沪教版

该高中英语期末复习讲义通过考情分析表格与结构化知识点分解构建过去进行时被动语态的知识体系，系统呈现核心结构（肯定、否定、疑问式）、三大用法场景（具体时刻、时间段、复合句衬托），并以对比表格清晰区分与一般过去时被动语态的核心差异，突出“正在进行”的被动动作这一重难点。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与语境化即时检测，基础题聚焦结构运用（如“房间那时没被打扫”的否定式填空），提升题强化语境辨析（如“被陌生人跟踪时加快脚步”的语境翻译），培养学生语言运用能力与逻辑思维品质。分层题型适配不同水平学生，即时解析助力自主复习，教师可依此实施精准分层教学。

专题01 过去进行时被动语态（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 北京卷 被动语态综合考查 【考向透视】近年高考中，过去进行时被动语态多结合语境在语法填空、完形填空、阅读理解长难句中考查，侧重时态与语态的综合运用，要求学生准确判断动作的时间性与被动关系。写作中正确使用该语态能提升表达的准确性与丰富度，是高分作文的加分点。 【复习目标】 1. 掌握过去进行时被动语态的核心结构与用法场景。 2. 熟练区分过去进行时被动语态与一般过去时被动语态的用法差异。 3. 能在语境中准确运用该语态完成填空、翻译及写作任务。 2025 新高考 I 卷 时态与语态结合 2024 新高考 II 卷 长难句中被动语态识别 2024 浙江卷 语法填空中语态填空 2023 全国乙卷 被动语态语境运用 知识点 01 过去进行时被动语态的构成 过去进行时被动语态表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段内正在进行的被动动作，核心结构为： •肯定式：主语 + was/were + being + 过去分词 例：The bridge was being built when we passed by.（我们经过时，那座桥正在被修建。） •否定式：主语 + was/were + not + being + 过去分词 例：The letters were not being typed at 3 yesterday afternoon.（昨天下午 3 点，信件没有在被打印。） •疑问式：Was/Were + 主语 + being + 过去分词 例：Was the experiment being carried out in the lab at that time?（那时实验正在实验室里进行吗？） 知识点 02 过去进行时被动语态的用法 1.表示过去某一具体时刻正在进行的被动动作 例：At 8 last night, my homework was being checked by the teacher.（昨晚 8 点，我的作业正在被老师批改。） 2.表示过去某一时间段内持续进行的被动动作 例：During the whole morning, the old building was being pulled down.（整个上午，那栋老建筑都在被拆除。） 3.用于复合句中，描述背景或衬托动作 例：While the meeting was being held, a sudden power cut happened.（会议正在进行时，突然停电了。） 知识点 03 易混点区分：过去进行时被动语态 vs 一般过去时被动语态 语法结构 核心区别 例句 过去进行时被动语态 强调过去正在进行的被动动作 The report was being written when he arrived.（他到的时候，报告正在被撰写。） 一般过去时被动语态 强调过去已经完成的被动动作 The report was written yesterday.（报告是昨天写好的。） 即时检测 1.The sports meeting __________ (hold) when the rainstorm came. 【答案】was being held 【解析】句意：暴风雨来临时，运动会正在被举行。根据 “when the rainstorm came” 可知，此处强调过去某一时刻正在进行的被动动作，主语为单数，故填 was being held。 2.What __________ (do) at 9 last Sunday morning? You didn’t answer my call. 【答案】were you being done 【解析】句意：上周日上午 9 点你正在被什么事占用着？你没接我的电话。根据 “at 9 last Sunday morning” 可知，此处用过去进行时被动语态，主语为 you，故填 were you being done。 3.The room __________ (not clean) at that time—we can come back later. 【答案】was not being cleaned 【解析】句意：那时房间没有在被打扫，我们可以稍后再来。根据 “at that time” 可知，此处用过去进行时被动语态的否定式，主语为单数，故填 was not being cleaned。 4.翻译句子：昨天这个时候，这些问题正在被讨论。 【答案】These problems were being discussed at this time yesterday. 【解析】“昨天这个时候” 对应过去具体时刻，“被讨论” 用被动语态，故用过去进行时被动语态，主语为复数，结构为 were being discussed。 5.下列句子中使用过去进行时被动语态的是（ ） A. The letter was sent last week. B. The letter is being sent now. C. The letter was being sent when I left. D. The letter will be sent tomorrow. 【答案】C 【解析】A 为一般过去时被动语态，B 为现在进行时被动语态，C 为过去进行时被动语态，D 为一般将来时被动语态，故选 C。 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there? —I would have, but my car   .(fix) 2．Mr. Lee couldn’t know the incident happening in the company, because he (treat) for a sprain in hospital then. 3．A meeting (hold) when I was there. . 4．My parents (look after) in a care home in the community where they had always lived. 5．I had to walk to work because my car (repair). 6．We didn’t get into the room. A thief (question) then. 7．My house (decorate) when you visited Beijing last time, so I didn’t invite you to my home. 8．The dust (blow) into the air by a strong wind, making it hard for the athletes to see clearly. 9．My son’s bedroom (equip) with some furniture and it was quite noisy. 10．We went to the restaurant to have lunch, only to find that it (decorate). 11．The large board in the corner had been replaced by a big screen, where customers’ comments on the month’s best-seller (display). 12．In one area, a book reading (deliver). 13．More and more customers (attract) by chain stores and online discounts. 14．The track and field games (relay) by satellite at this time yesterday. 15．The saleswoman (convince) to promote cigarettes when the manager entered the room. 16．During the period of recent terrorist activities, people (warn) not to touch any unattended the bag. 17．After the meeting, we went to the supermarket to do some shopping, only to be told that it (decorate). 18．Mr. Lee couldn’t know the incident happening in the company, because he (treat) for a sprain (扭伤) in the hospital. 19．I remember well that the witness (question) by a journalist at that time. 20．Were the songs (sing) those days? 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．When I hurried to the store, I saw that the books (pack) into boxes. 2．Looking out to the sea carefully, he saw a couple of kids in a rowboat (pull) out to sea. 3．He said many activities (plan) for the celebration of the company’s 60th anniversary. 4．—Mike, did you see Mr Chapman in the office just now? —Yes, he (interview), and he looked a little bit nervous. 5．At that moment, she realized that she (follow) by a stranger, so she quickened her pace. 6．The moment I entered the meeting room, a ridiculous proposal (discuss). 7．After school, we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it (decorate). 8．We heard that people (rescue) after being stuck in the lift. 9．The owner claimed the boat (use) without her knowledge. 10．Under Jennifer’s leadership, the bookstore (turn) into a place for literature-loving members of the community to get together. 11．Finding that I (chase) by a fierce wolf, I was frightened to death, my legs trembling uncontrollably. 12．When I hurried to the store, I saw that the books were already (pack) into boxes. 13．This question (discuss) from 2 to 4 yesterday afternoon. 14．Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was (offer) sympathy by a robot, but she gradually began to trust him. 15．While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I (watch). 16．There was a lot of noise outside because repair work (do) to the house at that time. 17．When I opened my door and was about to leave, I noticed that two men (question) by the police. 18．When asked about the cause of the accident, the man in charge didn’t reveal anything and said it (investigate) 19．—Did you hear the noise downstairs? What was that? —Yes. I forgot to tell you. A new machine (test) then. 20．It was so noisy that I couldn’t hear what (say) on the phone. 提升题（测试时间：20分钟） 1．Three months ago, my friends told me that football matches (organize) then to promote economy and tourism. 2．Now she (look) after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing. 3．Trees (plant) by them at this time yesterday. 4．—Have you got your result of the final exam? — Not yet. I was told that the papers (grade). 5．When asked about the cause of the accident, the man in charge said it (investigate). 6．Now we can cross the bridge which (build) this time last month. 7．The man turned round from time to time to see if he （follow）. 8．–– Why didn’t you come to his birthday party on time? –– Because the present I bought for him (wrap) at the shop. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A new study, published in the peer-reviewed journal Early Years, finds, for three to nine-year-olds, the format of number-based board games helps to improve counting, addition, and the ability to recognize   1 a number is higher or lower than another. The researchers say children benefit from programs   2 they play board games a few times a week supervised by a teacher or another trained adult. “Board games enhance mathematical abilities for young children, and they can easily be adapted to include learning objectives related to mathematical skills or other domains,” says lead author Dr. Jaime Balladares, one of the   3 (well-known) child psychologists from Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, in Santiago, Chile. The researchers set out to investigate the scale of the effects   4 physical board games in promoting learning in young children. They based their findings on a review of 19 studies published from 2000 onwards 5 (involve) children aged from three to nine years. All except one study focused on the relationship between board games and mathematical skills. All children participating in the studies received special board game sessions which took place on average twice a week for 20 minutes during 6 18-month period. Teachers, therapists, or parents were among the adults 7 led these sessions. In some of the 19 studies, children were grouped into either the number board game or to a board game that did not focus on numeracy skills. In 8 , all children participated in number board games but were allocated different types e.g. Dominoes. All children were assessed on their math performance before and after the intervention sessions which were designed 9 (encourage) skills such as counting out loud. The results showed that math skills improved significantly 10 these children took part in the intervention sessions. 语法填空 How to grow old -Bertrand Russell (excerpts) In spite of the title, this article will really be on how not 1 (grow) old, which, at my time of life, is a much more important subject. Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded 2 in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. One’s thoughts must 3 (direct) to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy, one’s own past is a gradually 4 (increase) weight. It is easy to think to oneself that one’s emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one’s mind more keen. The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigor from its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, 5 they are unusually callous (无情的). Animals become indifferent to their young 6 their young can look after themselves, but human beings find this difficult. I think that a successful old age is 7 (easy) for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. But if you are one of those who are incapable of impersonal interests, you may find that your life will be empty unless you concern yourself with your children and grandchildren. In that case you must realize that while you can still render them material services, such as making them an allowance or knitting them jumpers, you must not expect that they will enjoy your company. An individual human existence should be like a river — small at first, narrowly 8 (contain) within its banks, and rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, 9 see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on 10 I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 过去进行时被动语态（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 北京卷 被动语态综合考查 【考向透视】近年高考中，过去进行时被动语态多结合语境在语法填空、完形填空、阅读理解长难句中考查，侧重时态与语态的综合运用，要求学生准确判断动作的时间性与被动关系。写作中正确使用该语态能提升表达的准确性与丰富度，是高分作文的加分点。 【复习目标】 1. 掌握过去进行时被动语态的核心结构与用法场景。 2. 熟练区分过去进行时被动语态与一般过去时被动语态的用法差异。 3. 能在语境中准确运用该语态完成填空、翻译及写作任务。 2025 新高考 I 卷 时态与语态结合 2024 新高考 II 卷 长难句中被动语态识别 2024 浙江卷 语法填空中语态填空 2023 全国乙卷 被动语态语境运用 知识点 01 过去进行时被动语态的构成 过去进行时被动语态表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段内正在进行的被动动作，核心结构为： •肯定式：主语 + was/were + being + 过去分词 例：The bridge was being built when we passed by.（我们经过时，那座桥正在被修建。） •否定式：主语 + was/were + not + being + 过去分词 例：The letters were not being typed at 3 yesterday afternoon.（昨天下午 3 点，信件没有在被打印。） •疑问式：Was/Were + 主语 + being + 过去分词 例：Was the experiment being carried out in the lab at that time?（那时实验正在实验室里进行吗？） 知识点 02 过去进行时被动语态的用法 1.表示过去某一具体时刻正在进行的被动动作 例：At 8 last night, my homework was being checked by the teacher.（昨晚 8 点，我的作业正在被老师批改。） 2.表示过去某一时间段内持续进行的被动动作 例：During the whole morning, the old building was being pulled down.（整个上午，那栋老建筑都在被拆除。） 3.用于复合句中，描述背景或衬托动作 例：While the meeting was being held, a sudden power cut happened.（会议正在进行时，突然停电了。） 知识点 03 易混点区分：过去进行时被动语态 vs 一般过去时被动语态 语法结构 核心区别 例句 过去进行时被动语态 强调过去正在进行的被动动作 The report was being written when he arrived.（他到的时候，报告正在被撰写。） 一般过去时被动语态 强调过去已经完成的被动动作 The report was written yesterday.（报告是昨天写好的。） 即时检测 1.The sports meeting __________ (hold) when the rainstorm came. 【答案】was being held 【解析】句意：暴风雨来临时，运动会正在被举行。根据 “when the rainstorm came” 可知，此处强调过去某一时刻正在进行的被动动作，主语为单数，故填 was being held。 2.What __________ (do) at 9 last Sunday morning? You didn’t answer my call. 【答案】were you being done 【解析】句意：上周日上午 9 点你正在被什么事占用着？你没接我的电话。根据 “at 9 last Sunday morning” 可知，此处用过去进行时被动语态，主语为 you，故填 were you being done。 3.The room __________ (not clean) at that time—we can come back later. 【答案】was not being cleaned 【解析】句意：那时房间没有在被打扫，我们可以稍后再来。根据 “at that time” 可知，此处用过去进行时被动语态的否定式，主语为单数，故填 was not being cleaned。 4.翻译句子：昨天这个时候，这些问题正在被讨论。 【答案】These problems were being discussed at this time yesterday. 【解析】“昨天这个时候” 对应过去具体时刻，“被讨论” 用被动语态，故用过去进行时被动语态，主语为复数，结构为 were being discussed。 5.下列句子中使用过去进行时被动语态的是（ ） A. The letter was sent last week. B. The letter is being sent now. C. The letter was being sent when I left. D. The letter will be sent tomorrow. 【答案】C 【解析】A 为一般过去时被动语态，B 为现在进行时被动语态，C 为过去进行时被动语态，D 为一般将来时被动语态，故选 C。 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there? —I would have, but my car   .(fix) 【答案】was being fixed 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——我看见你叔叔乘出租车去机场。你为什么不开车送他去？  ——我本来想的，但我的车当时正在修理。fix和主语my car是被动关系，且结合上文“I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport.”可知，此处描述过去某个时间点正在发生的动作，故应用过去进行时的被动语态was/were being done，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用was。故填was being fixed。 2．Mr. Lee couldn’t know the incident happening in the company, because he (treat) for a sprain in hospital then. 【答案】was being treated 【解析】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：李先生不可能知道公司里发生的这件事，因为当时他正在医院治疗扭伤。由then可知，句子时态用过去进行时，表示过去的某个时刻正在做的事情，他是被治疗，因此空格处用过去进行时的被动语态，主语he是单数，因此空格处是was being treated。故填was being treated。 3．A meeting (hold) when I was there. . 【答案】was being held 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：当我在那儿的时候，一场会议正在举行。“when I was there”表明时间是过去，且根据语境，“meeting（会议）”与“hold（举行）”是被动关系，即会议被举行，同时强调“我在那儿”这个时间段会议正在进行，所以用过去进行时的被动语态“was/were being +过去分词”，“a meeting”是单数，be动词用was。故填was being held。 4．My parents (look after) in a care home in the community where they had always lived. 【答案】were being looked after 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：我的父母在他们一直居住的社区里的一家养老院里得到了照顾。my parents和look after是被动关系，需用被动语态；结合后文的“where they had always lived”可知，此处表示过去某一段时间正在进行的动作，使用过去进行时，主语为复数名词，be动词用were。故填were being looked after。 5．I had to walk to work because my car (repair). 【答案】was being repaired 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：我不得不步行去上班，因为我的车正在被修理。根据“I had to walk to work”可知，车当时正在被修理，强调过去某个时间正在进行的被动动作，应用过去进行时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were being + 过去分词”。主语my car是单数，be动词用was，repair的过去分词是repaired。故填was being repaired。 6．We didn’t get into the room. A thief (question) then. 【答案】was being questioned 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：我们没能进入房间。当时一个小偷正在被审问。根据“then(当时)”以及“We didn’t get into the room”可知，此处表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作；且thief与question之间是被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were being + 过去分词”，主语A thief是单数，be动词用was，question的过去分词是questioned。故填was being questioned。 7．My house (decorate) when you visited Beijing last time, so I didn’t invite you to my home. 【答案】was being decorated 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：你上次来北京时，我的房子正在装修，所以我没邀请你到家里来。“when you visited Beijing last time”表明主句动作在过去某时正在进行，需用过去进行时。主语“My house”与谓语“decorate”之间为被动关系，需用被动语态。主语是单数，故助动词用was。故填was being decorated。 8．The dust (blow) into the air by a strong wind, making it hard for the athletes to see clearly. 【答案】was being blown 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：一阵强风把尘土吹得满天飞，让运动员们很难看清楚。空白处应填谓语动词，要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致。时态上，结合句意，此处应理解为“尘土正被风吹起来”，使用过去进行时。语态上，dust(尘土)与blow(吹)为被动关系。主谓一致上，dust为单数。故填was being blown。 9．My son’s bedroom (equip) with some furniture and it was quite noisy. 【答案】was being equipped 【解析】考查语态和语态。句意：我儿子的卧室正在安装一些家具，而且很吵。空处作谓语，根据it was quite noisy可知，此处描述过去某个时间段正在做的事情，用过去进行时，主语bedroom与equip构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去进行时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was being equipped。 10．We went to the restaurant to have lunch, only to find that it (decorate). 【答案】was being decorated 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：我们去餐馆吃午饭，结果发现餐馆正在装修。本空为that引导的宾语从句的谓语，从句描述过去正在发生的动作，时态用过去进行时，且it指代restaurant，与decorate“装修”为被动关系，因此用过去进行时的被动语态，从句主语为it，be动词用was。故填was being decorated。 11．The large board in the corner had been replaced by a big screen, where customers’ comments on the month’s best-seller (display). 【答案】were being displayed 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：角落里的大木板已经被一个大屏幕所取代，上面显示着顾客对当月畅销书的评论。where引导的定语从句描述过去正在发生的事情，从句时态用过去进行时，且主语comments与display“显示”之间为被动关系，故用过去进行时的被动语态，从句主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were being displayed。 12．In one area, a book reading (deliver). 【答案】was being delivered 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：在某个区域，一场读书活动正在开展。deliver作本句谓语，和主语a book reading之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据句意，可理解为描述过去某时正在发生的事，用过去进行时，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was being delivered。 13．More and more customers (attract) by chain stores and online discounts. 【答案】were being attracted 【解析】考查动词的语态。句意：越来越多的顾客被连锁店和线上折扣所吸引。本句描述过去正在发生的动作，故时态用过去进行时，且主语More and more customers与attract“吸引”为被动关系，句子用过去进行时的被动语态，主语复数，be动词用were。故填：were being attracted。 14．The track and field games (relay) by satellite at this time yesterday. 【答案】were being relayed 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：昨天这个时候，田径比赛正在通过卫星转播。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“at this time yesterday”可知，此处应为过去进行时，relay与主语games之间为被动关系，所以使用过去进行时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数，be动词使用were。故填were being relayed。 15．The saleswoman (convince) to promote cigarettes when the manager entered the room. 【答案】was being convinced 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：售货员正被说服推销香烟，这时经理走进了房间。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when…，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，用过去进行时的被动语态，主语为saleswoman，谓语用单数。故填was being convinced。 16．During the period of recent terrorist activities, people (warn) not to touch any unattended the bag. 【答案】were being warned 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：在最近的恐怖活动期间，人们被警告不要碰任何无人看管的袋子。主语people与谓语warn构成被动关系，且结合上文During the period of recent terrorist activities可知，表示过去某段时间正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were being warned。 17．After the meeting, we went to the supermarket to do some shopping, only to be told that it (decorate). 【答案】was being decorated 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：会后，他们去超市购物，结果被告知超市正在装修。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，分析句子结构和意思可知，应当用过去进行时表示当时正在发生的动作，且supermarket和动词decorate之间存在被动关系，所以谓语用一般过去时的被动语态结构，主语it是单数，be动词用was。故填was being decorated。 18．Mr. Lee couldn’t know the incident happening in the company, because he (treat) for a sprain (扭伤) in the hospital. 【答案】was being treated 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：李先生不可能知道发生在公司的事故，因为他当时正在医院接受扭伤治疗。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作应用过去进行时的被动语态。故填was being treated。 19．I remember well that the witness (question) by a journalist at that time. 【答案】was being questioned 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我清楚地记得那个证人当时正在接受一个记者的询问。空处应填谓语动词的形式，依据时间状语at that time可知此处表示在过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，且the witness与question之间为被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动语态,主语witness为单数，故填was being questioned 。 20．Were the songs (sing) those days? 【答案】being sung 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：那些日子唱这些歌曲吗？分析句子可知，主语songs和谓语动词sing是被动关系，由were并结合those days可知，表示过去一段时间一直进行的动作用过去进行时，综上，用过去进行时的被动语态，故填being sung。 提升题（测试时间：10分钟） 1．When I hurried to the store, I saw that the books (pack) into boxes. 【答案】were being packed 【解析】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：当我匆忙赶到商店时，我看到那些书正被装进箱子里。pack为动词，表示“打包、装箱”，作谓语，与主语books之间为被动关系，表示“书被装箱”，谓语为be动词复数形式；根据When引导的时间状语从句和saw可知，该句表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时。故填were being packed。 2．Looking out to the sea carefully, he saw a couple of kids in a rowboat (pull) out to sea. 【答案】were being pulled 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：他仔细望向大海，看见一艘划艇里的几个孩子正被卷向大海。宾语从句的主语“a couple of kids”与谓语动词“pull”之间是被动关系，即孩子被（海浪等）卷向大海；结合主句的“saw”可知，此处表示“看见（当时）正在发生的被动动作”，需用过去进行时的被动语态“was/were being + 过去分词”，主语“a couple of kids”为复数，be动词用were。故填were being pulled。 3．He said many activities (plan) for the celebration of the company’s 60th anniversary. 【答案】were being planned 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：他说，公司正在为庆祝成立60周年策划许多活动。空处需填宾语从句的谓语，根据空前said可知，主句是一般过去时，从句的动作在主句动作发生时正在发生，所以从句的谓语动词需用过去进行时态；因为活动是被策划，所以空处谓语动词需用过去进行时态的被动语态：was/were being done，主语是复数activities，所以be动词需用were。故填were being planned。 4．—Mike, did you see Mr Chapman in the office just now? —Yes, he (interview), and he looked a little bit nervous. 【答案】was being interviewed 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——迈克，你刚才在办公室看到查普曼先生了吗?——是的，他正在接受采访，他看起来有点紧张。根据“he looked a little bit nervous”可知，他是被采访，应用被动语态；结合语境和“did you see Mr Chapman in the office just now”可知，此处指看到查普曼先生的那一刻他正在被采访，故应用过去进行时的被动语态：was/were being done，主语he是单数，助动词用was。故填was being interviewed。 5．At that moment, she realized that she (follow) by a stranger, so she quickened her pace. 【答案】was being followed 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：就在那时，她意识到自己正被一个陌生人跟踪，于是加快了脚步。此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据主句的谓语动词realized以及从句中的时间状语at that moment可知，从句应使用过去进行时，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，主语she与动词follow之间是被动关系，因此用过去进行时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were being + 过去分词”，主语she是第三人称单数，助动词用was。故填was being followed。 6．The moment I entered the meeting room, a ridiculous proposal (discuss). 【答案】was being discussed 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我一进入会议室，就有一个荒谬的提案正在被讨论。此处为主句的谓语动词，根据句意以及the moment引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词entered可知，此处表示在过去的某个时间点正在进行的动作，所以此处使用过去进行时，且discuss与主语a ridiculous proposal之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去进行时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数。故填was being discussed。 7．After school, we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it (decorate). 【答案】was being decorated 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：放学后，我们去阅览室看书，结果却被告知阅览室正在装修。空处作宾语从句的谓语，结合“went”和语境可知，此处表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，it（指代reading room）和decorate为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为it，be动词用was。故填was being decorated。 8．We heard that people (rescue) after being stuck in the lift. 【答案】were being rescued 【解析】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：我们听说人们被困在电梯里后正在接受救援。空处为that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词，根据heard可知，句子时态为一般过去时，主从句时态基本一致，故宾语从句也需用一般过去时，描述发生在过去的事情，从句主语people与动词rescue构成动宾关系，并且此处强调的是在过去某个时间（我们听说的时候），人们正在被救援的动作，所以宾语从句应需用过去进行时的被动语态，从句主语为people，是复数主语，系动词需用were。故填were being rescued。 9．The owner claimed the boat (use) without her knowledge. 【答案】was being used 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：这位主人声称船在她不知情的情况下被使用。设空处在宾语从句中作谓语，根据主句谓语动词claimed以及句意可知，从句表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态，用过去进行时，且主语“the boat”与动词use之间是被动关系，因此动词用过去进行时的被动语态，主语the boat为单数名词，be动词用was，故填was being used。 10．Under Jennifer’s leadership, the bookstore (turn) into a place for literature-loving members of the community to get together. 【答案】was being turned 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：在詹妮弗的领导下，书店正在变成社区里爱好文学的人聚会的地方。此处为谓语动词的填入，结合句意可知，此处为陈述过去正在进行的事情，为过去进行时，主语the bookstore和turn into为被动关系，所以为过去进行时的被动语态结构。故填was being turned。 11．Finding that I (chase) by a fierce wolf, I was frightened to death, my legs trembling uncontrollably. 【答案】was being chased 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：发现我被一只凶猛的狼追赶，我吓得要死，我的腿无法控制地颤抖着。分析句子结构可知，此处应为that引导的宾语从句，主语后缺少谓语，chase与主语I之间为被动关系，表示过去一直发生的事情用过去进行时，因此用过去进行时的被动语态。故填was being chased。 12．When I hurried to the store, I saw that the books were already (pack) into boxes. 【答案】being packed 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：当我赶到商店时，我看到书正被装进箱子。that引导的宾语从句描述过去正在发生的动作，从句时态用过去进行时，且由于books与pack“（把……）打包，（把……）装箱”是被动关系，从句用过去进行时的被动语态，本空用being packed，与空前的were构成过去进行时的被动语态。故填being packed。 13．This question (discuss) from 2 to 4 yesterday afternoon. 【答案】was being discussed 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：昨天下午2点到4点讨论了这个问题。这里考查谓语动词，主语This question与discuss为被动关系，且由2 to 4 yesterday afternoon可知，此空时态应用过去进行时表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作。故填was being discussed。 14．Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was (offer) sympathy by a robot, but she gradually began to trust him. 【答案】being offered/offered 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：克莱尔觉得机器人对她表示同情很可笑，但她渐渐开始信任他。空处和was构成谓语，offer“提供，给予”和主语she之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合“Claire thought it was ridiculous”可知，此处可用过去进行时表示被同情的行为过去正在进行中，也可用一般过去时叙述过去发生的事情。故填(being) offered。 15．While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I (watch). 【答案】was being watched 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：当我全神贯注地拍摄这惊人的景色时，我突然有一种被监视的感觉。根据语境，“我”感觉“正在被监视”，应用过去进行时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were being + 过去分词”，主语是I，be动词用 was，故填was being watched。 16．There was a lot of noise outside because repair work (do) to the house at that time. 【答案】was being done 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：外面有很大的噪音，因为当时房子正在修理。根据时间状语at that time可知，用过去进行时，do和主语repair work之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词应用was。故填was being done。 17．When I opened my door and was about to leave, I noticed that two men (question) by the police. 【答案】were being questioned 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：当我打开门正要离开时，我注意到有两个人正在接受警察的盘问。that引导宾语从句，空处缺少从句谓语，主语two men与question构成被动关系，且结合句意可知，此处表示“过去正在被盘问”，用过去进行时的被动语态，主语为复数。故填were being questioned。 18．When asked about the cause of the accident, the man in charge didn’t reveal anything and said it (investigate) 【答案】was being investigated 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：当被问及事故原因时，负责人没有透露任何信息，并表示正在调查中。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据“didn’t reveal anything”推知，负责人表示事故原因正在调查中，应用过去进行时，表示过去正在进行的动作。且主语it（指代上文提到的事故）和investigate之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且谓语应用单数。故填was being investigated。 19．—Did you hear the noise downstairs? What was that? —Yes. I forgot to tell you. A new machine (test) then. 【答案】was being tested 【解析】考查时态和语态：句意：——你听到楼下的噪音了吗？那是什么？——是的。我忘了告诉你。当时正在测试一台新机器。动词test和主语the new machine之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，应用过去进行时的被动语态，表示过去某时正在进行的动作。主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填was being tested。 20．It was so noisy that I couldn’t hear what (say) on the phone. 【答案】was being said 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：太吵了，我听不清电话里在说什么。根据句意可知，what引导的宾语从句表示过去正在发生的事情，时态使用过去进行时，且主语what与动词say“说”为被动关系，故用过去进行时的被动语态，且主语what为第三人称单数，故be动词用was。故填was being said。 提升题（测试时间：20分钟） 1．Three months ago, my friends told me that football matches (organize) then to promote economy and tourism. 【答案】were being organized 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：三个月前，我的朋友们告诉我，当时正在组织足球比赛以促进经济和旅游业。organize（组织）是从句谓语动词，与主语“football matches”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“Three months ago”和“then”可知，描述三个月前当时正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时的被动语态，主语是复数，谓语用复数形式。故填were being organized。 2．Now she (look) after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing. 【答案】was being looked 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：现在，她被一个看起来如此人性化的机器人照顾她，这令人不安。由was和now可知，此处描述过去某一时刻正在做的事，且主语she和动词look是被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动语态。故填was being looked。 3．Trees (plant) by them at this time yesterday. 【答案】were being planted 【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。句意：昨天的这个时候，这些树正在被栽种。根据时间状语 at this time yesterday 可知，该空需要填过去进行时，且主语 Trees与 plant被动关系，应用被动语态，故填 were being planted。 4．—Have you got your result of the final exam? — Not yet. I was told that the papers (grade). 【答案】was being graded 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——你得到期末考试的结果了吗？——还没有。我被告知试卷正在被批阅。根据句意可知，此处表示“试卷正在被批阅”，应用进行时的被动语态，由I was told可知，应用过去进行时的被动语态。故填was being graded。 5．When asked about the cause of the accident, the man in charge said it (investigate). 【答案】was being investigated 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：当被问及事故原因时，负责人说事故正在调查中。said后宾语从句缺乏谓语，由said可知，事情发生在过去且正在调查中，从句主语it和从句谓语investigate是被动关系，用过去进行时的被动语态（was/were being done），主语it是单数，谓语单数形式。故填was being investigated。 6．Now we can cross the bridge which (build) this time last month. 【答案】was being built 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：现在我们可以穿过大桥，这座大桥上月这个时候正在被建。根据时间标志词this time last month可知，是上月这个时候大桥正在建，应用过去进行时态，分析句子结构可知，which指的是bridge，根据句意可知，build和bridge是被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动，故填was being built。 7．The man turned round from time to time to see if he （follow）. 【答案】was being followed 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：那个人不时转身看是否有人在跟着他。根据主句谓语动词和语境可知，此处表示过去正在发生的事情，且he与follow之间是被动关系，用过去进行时的被动语态。故填was being followed。 8．–– Why didn’t you come to his birthday party on time? –– Because the present I bought for him (wrap) at the shop. 【答案】was being wrapped 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：——你为什么没有准时参加他的生日聚会? ——因为我给他买的礼物正在商店里包装。 分析句子结构，I bought for him是省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词the present，根据句意可知“ the present”和“wrap”之间是被动关系，且是 “正在被店员打包”，谓语动词“wrap”需使用过去进行时的被动语态，主语the present是单数，谓语动词用单数，所以填was being wrapped。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A new study, published in the peer-reviewed journal Early Years, finds, for three to nine-year-olds, the format of number-based board games helps to improve counting, addition, and the ability to recognize   1 a number is higher or lower than another. The researchers say children benefit from programs   2 they play board games a few times a week supervised by a teacher or another trained adult. “Board games enhance mathematical abilities for young children, and they can easily be adapted to include learning objectives related to mathematical skills or other domains,” says lead author Dr. Jaime Balladares, one of the   3 (well-known) child psychologists from Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, in Santiago, Chile. The researchers set out to investigate the scale of the effects   4 physical board games in promoting learning in young children. They based their findings on a review of 19 studies published from 2000 onwards 5 (involve) children aged from three to nine years. All except one study focused on the relationship between board games and mathematical skills. All children participating in the studies received special board game sessions which took place on average twice a week for 20 minutes during 6 18-month period. Teachers, therapists, or parents were among the adults 7 led these sessions. In some of the 19 studies, children were grouped into either the number board game or to a board game that did not focus on numeracy skills. In 8 , all children participated in number board games but were allocated different types e.g. Dominoes. All children were assessed on their math performance before and after the intervention sessions which were designed 9 (encourage) skills such as counting out loud. The results showed that math skills improved significantly 10 these children took part in the intervention sessions. 【答案】 1．whether 2．where 3．most well-known 4．of 5．involving 6．an 7．who/that 8．others 9．to encourage 10．after 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一项新研究发现数字桌游能提升低龄儿童数学能力，并提出研究的过程与相关结论。 1．考查宾语从句连接词。句意：一项发表在同行评审期刊《早期岁月》上的新研究发现，对于3至9岁的儿童来说，数字类桌游的形式有助于提高他们的数数、加法运算以及判断一个数字比另一个数字大还是小的能力。此处引导宾语从句，作recognize的宾语，结合句意，此处表示“是否”，用连接词whether。故填whether。 2．考查定语从句。句意：研究人员表示，孩子们会从每周在老师或其他受过训练的成年人监督下玩几次桌游的项目中受益。此处引导定语从句，先行词为programs，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 3．考查形容词最高级。句意：该研究的第一作者杰米·巴拉达雷斯博士是智利圣地亚哥天主教大学最知名的儿童心理学家之一，他说：“桌游能提高幼儿的数学能力，而且还能很容易地调整桌游内容，融入与数学技能或其他领域相关的学习目标。”此处为固定结构“one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，意为“最……之一”，well-known的最高级为most well-known。故填most well-known。 4．考查介词。句意：研究人员着手调查实体桌游在促进幼儿学习方面所产生效果的程度。此处为固定搭配the effects of sth.，意为“某物的效果”，用介词of。故填of。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的研究结果基于对2000年以来发表的19项研究的综述，这些研究涉及3至9岁的儿童。此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰19 studies，与involve为主动关系，用现在分词involving。故填involving。 6．考查冠词。句意：所有参与研究的儿童都参加了专门的桌游课程，这些课程平均每周开展两次，每次20分钟，持续了18个月。period为可数名词单数，意为“时期，阶段”，空前无限定词，所以使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一个18个月的阶段”，18-month是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。 7．考查定语从句。句意：带领这些课程的成年人包括教师、治疗师或家长。此处引导定语从句，先行词为the adults，指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。 8．考查代词。句意：在其他研究中，所有儿童都参与了数字桌游，但被分配了不同的类型，如多米诺骨牌。此处指代“其他的研究”，与前文的In some of the 19 studies呼应，用代词others。故填others。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：所有儿童都在干预课程前后接受了数学能力评估，这些课程旨在培养他们大声数数等技能。此处为非谓语动词作目的状语，用动词不定式to encourage。故填to encourage。 10．考查连词。句意：结果显示，这些儿童在参加了干预课程后，数学能力有了显著提高。此处引导时间状语从句，表“在……之后”，用连词after。故填after。 语法填空 How to grow old -Bertrand Russell (excerpts) In spite of the title, this article will really be on how not 1 (grow) old, which, at my time of life, is a much more important subject. Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded 2 in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. One’s thoughts must 3 (direct) to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy, one’s own past is a gradually 4 (increase) weight. It is easy to think to oneself that one’s emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one’s mind more keen. The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigor from its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, 5 they are unusually callous (无情的). Animals become indifferent to their young 6 their young can look after themselves, but human beings find this difficult. I think that a successful old age is 7 (easy) for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. But if you are one of those who are incapable of impersonal interests, you may find that your life will be empty unless you concern yourself with your children and grandchildren. In that case you must realize that while you can still render them material services, such as making them an allowance or knitting them jumpers, you must not expect that they will enjoy your company. An individual human existence should be like a river — small at first, narrowly 8 (contain) within its banks, and rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, 9 see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on 10 I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done. 【答案】 1．to grow 2．against 3．be directed 4．increasing 5．unless 6．as soon as 7．easiest 8．contained 9．can 10．what 【导语】这是一篇说明文。罗素在文中探讨如何从容老去，指出老年需警惕沉湎过去、依恋青春两大心理危险，建议培养非个人兴趣，还以河流为喻，强调以豁达心态看待生命，方能无惧死亡、拥有圆满晚年。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管标题是“如何不老去”，但这篇文章实际上将探讨的是如何避免衰老这一话题。而在我这个年纪，这无疑是一个更为重要的问题。how not to do sth.表示 “如何不做某事”，故填to grow。 2．考查介词。句意：从心理层面来看，在老年时期需要防范两大风险。guard against意为“防范、警惕”，故填against。 3．考查语态。句意：一个人的思想应当着眼于未来，并且要关注那些有待去完成的事情。主语one’s thoughts与谓语direct为被动关系，且情态动词must后接动词原形，故填be directed。 4．考查形容词。句意：这并非总是容易的，因为个人的过往经历会逐渐累积成一种无形的重压。修饰名词weight用形容词increasing。故填increasing。 5．考查状语从句。句意：当你的孩子长大成人后，他们想要过自己的生活。而如果你还像他们小时候那样对他们百般关心，那么你很可能会成为他们的负担，除非他们特别冷酷无情。引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”用unless。故填unless。 6．考查状语从句。句意：幼崽一能够独立生存，动物就会对它们漠不关心，但人类却很难做到这一点。引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就”用as soon as。故填as soon as。 7．考查最高级。句意：我认为，对于那些拥有浓厚的非个人化兴趣、且这类兴趣伴有恰当活动的人而言，安享晚年是最容易实现的。结合句意“最容易”应用最高级easiest，故填easiest。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：一个人的生命应该像一条河流——起初是涓涓细流，被局限在河岸之间，而后激情澎湃地冲过岩石，越过瀑布。逻辑主语a river与contain为被动关系，故用过去分词，作伴随状语。故填contained。 9．考查情态动词。句意：那些在年老之时能以这种视角看待自己人生的人，就不会惧怕死亡，因为他们所珍视的事物将会继续存在下去。语境表示“晚年能够以这种方式看待人生的人”，“can”表示“能够”，符合句意。故填can。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：我真希望自己能在工作时就离世，这样就能让其他人继续完成我无法再做的事，同时也能欣慰地意识到那些原本能够做到的事情已经都完成了。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事情，故填what。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $