寒假作业01 六大时态（巩固培优）九年级英语外研版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业01 六大时态 到目前为止，我们已经学过了六种常用时态，它们分别是一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时和现在完成时。下面，我们来复习一下这六种时态。 时态 含义 结构 时间状语 一般现在时 表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。 am / is / are或其他动词的一般现在时形式 usually, always, often, every day等 一般过去时 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常性的动作。 was / were或其他动词的过去式形式 yesterday, in 1992, last year, three days ago等 现在进行时 表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事。 am / is / are+动词-ing形式 now, at the moment等 一般将来时 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 be going to / will+动词原形 tomorrow, next week，in the future等 过去进行时 表示在过去某段时间内正在发生的事情或行为。 was/were +动词-ing形式 at 2:00 yesterday，at this time yesterday，while / when，then / at that time / at that moment；when my father got home 现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，或者表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 has/have+动词的过去分词形式 since，for，so far，already，yet，recently，ever，twice，in the last /past few years 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．— Where were you at half past four yesterday afternoon, Tom? —I ________ lessons in my bedroom. A．reviewed B．am reviewing C．was reviewing D．have reviewed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天下午四点半你在哪里，汤姆？——我在我的卧室里复习功课。 考查时态辨析。reviewed复习，用于一般过去时；am reviewing正在复习，用于现在进行时；was reviewing正在复习，用于过去进行时；have reviewed已经复习，用于现在完成时。根据时间状语“at half past four yesterday afternoon”可知，“昨天下午四点半”这是一个具体的过去时间点，强调动作在当时正在进行，需用过去进行时。选项C符合此语境，表示在那个时刻Tom正在复习功课。故选C。 2．The woman _________ the two bags on the floor and then left. A．lied B．lay C．laid 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那个女人把两个包放在地板上，然后离开了。 考查动词辨析和时态。lied是lie“说谎”的过去式；lay是lie“躺；位于”的过去式；laid是lay“放置；下蛋”的过去式。根据“the two bags on the floor”可知，此处指把包放在地板上，应用lay的过去式laid。故选C。 3．— Where is your sales manager, Jessica? — She’s not here. She ________ to Beijing to attend a meeting. She left this morning. A．had gone B．had been C．has gone D．have been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的销售经理在哪里，杰西卡？——她不在这里。她去北京参加会议了。她今天早上离开的。 考查现在完成时。had gone已去未回，过去完成时；had been去过已回，过去完成时；has gone已去未回，现在完成时；have been去过已回，现在完成时。根据“She’s not here”可知，她去了北京还没回来，主语“She”是第三人称单数，此处用现在完成时has gone。故选C。 4．Unfortunately, the train ________ by the time I reached the railway station. A．left B．has left C．had left D．leaves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不幸的是，当我到达火车站时，火车已经离开了。 考查过去完成时的用法。left离开，过去式；has left已经离开，现在完成时；had left已经离开，过去完成时；leaves离开，动词三单形式。根据“by the time I reached the railway station”（当我到达火车站时）可知，“到达”是过去的动作，而“火车离开”发生在“到达”之前，表示过去某个时间点之前已完成的动作，需用过去完成时（had + 过去分词）。故选C。 5．Susan ________ a scholarship offer from a foreign university. However, she needs to think carefully before she ________ it. A．received; receives B．accepted; receives C．received; accepts D．accepted; accepts 【答案】C 【详解】句意：苏珊从一个国外大学收到了奖学金录取通知。然而，她需要仔细考虑之后才能接受它。 考查动词词义辨析和时态运用。received收到，过去式/过去分词； receives收到，第三人称单数形式；accepted接受过去式/过去分词；accepts接受，第三人称单数形式。第一空，“收到奖学金”是已经发生的动作，应用过去式received；第二空，“接受奖学金”是她之后需要做的动作，before引导的时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来，且根据语境，此处应是“接受”，应用accepts。故选C。 6．—Another three astronauts traveled into space in October 2024. —Yeah. How wonderful! Our country ________ great progress in space technology by now. A．will make B．made C．has made D．was making 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——2024年10月，又有三名宇航员进入太空。——是的。太棒了！到目前为止，我国在航天技术方面已取得了巨大进展。 考查动词时态辨析。will make将取得，一般将来时；made取得，一般过去时；has made已经取得，现在完成时；was making正在取得，过去进行时。根据“by now”可知，句子时态为现在完成时。故选C。 7．The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travel B．travels C．travelled D．travelling 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。 考查动词时态。根据句子结构可知，“that light...faster than sound”为宾语从句，在宾语从句中，当描述的是客观事实或普遍真理时，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。本句描述的是光传播速度比声音快这一客观事实，所以从句用一般现在时，主语“light”为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式“travels”。故选B。 8．The small island ________ off the eastern coast of China. A．lie B．lies C．lay D．laid 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这座小岛位于中国东海岸附近。   考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语the small island是单数，且描述客观事实需用一般现在时。lie表示“位于”时，第三人称单数形式为lies。lay（躺/放置）和laid（lay的过去式）均不符合句意。故选B。 9．At the company meeting, only 20% supported the project; the rest ________against it. A．in B．are C．was D．were 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在公司会议上，只有20%的人支持这个项目；其余的人反对它。 考查主谓一致和时态一致。“the rest”指代剩余的人（复数概念），且前半句“supported”为过去时，故动词需用复数过去式。in在……里，介词；are是，一般现在时复数；was是，过去时单数；were是，过去时复数。故选D。 10．—______ Tom ______ to the Great Wall? —Yes. He ______ there with his parents last summer. A．Has; been; went B．Did; go; has been C．Has; been; has gone D．Did; go; went 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Tom去过长城吗？——是的。他去年夏天和他的父母去了那里。 考查动词时态。根据“Yes. He...there with his parents last summer.”可知，问句询问“是否去过”（经历），需用现在完成时（has/have been to）；答句有具体过去时间“last summer”，需用一般过去时描述过去事件，所以填went。故选A。 11．We ________ at the hotel at the beach for quite a while until the ferries start running again. A．stayed B．were staying C．have stayed D．will stay 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们会在海边的酒店待上相当长一段时间，直到渡船重新运营。 考查动词时态。stayed过去式；were staying过去进行时；have stayed现在完成时；will stay一般将来时。根据“until the ferries start running again”可知，“待在酒店”是将来要发生的动作，应用一般将来时。故选D。 12．—Jack, could you please help me take out the rubbish now? —Sorry, I can’t. I ________ that after finishing my homework. A．am doing B．will do C．was doing D．have done 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——杰克，你现在能帮我把垃圾拿出去吗？——对不起，我不能。我完成作业后会做那件事的。 考查动词时态。根据“Sorry, I can’t.”以及“after finishing my homework.”可知，此处表示完成作业后将去做那件事，用一般将来时will do的结构。故选B。 13．Lingling isn’t here at the moment. She ________ with her friends on the playground now. A．chatted B．will chat C．is chatting D．was chatting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：玲玲现在不在这里。她现在在操场上和朋友们聊天。 考查时态。根据时间状语“now”以及“isn’t here at the moment”可知动作是正在进行的，需用现在进行时be doing，主语是She，be动词用is。故选C。 14．The students ________ so happily that they didn’t notice the teacher coming in. A．were talking B．are talking C．will talk D．talk 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学生们当时正在如此开心地聊天，以至于他们没有注意到老师进来。 考查时态。根据“that they didn’t notice the teacher coming in”可知动作发生在过去，且“聊天”是当时持续进行的动作，因此应使用过去进行时“was/were doing”。故选A。 15．Mary ________ an interesting book when her mother came in. A．reads B．read C．is reading D．was reading 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当她的妈妈进来时，玛丽正在读一本有趣的书。 考查过去进行时。reads读，一般现在时；read读，一般过去时；is reading正在读，现在进行时；was reading正在读，过去进行时。根据“when her mother came in”可知，当她的妈妈进来时，表示过去某个时间点发生的动作，主句描述在该时间点正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时was/were + doing。由于主语是第三人称单数形式，应用was reading，故选D。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 16．This is the first time I (visit) the Great Wall. 【答案】have visited 【详解】句意：这是我第一次参观长城。根据“This is the first time…”可知，此处是固定句型“This/It is the first/second/... time that...”，表示“这是第……次做……”，从句中谓语动词要用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+done”，主语是I，助动词用have，visit的过去分词是visited。故填have visited。 17．The children (perform) two plays in the school hall last week. 【答案】performed 【详解】句意：上周孩子们在学校礼堂表演了两部戏剧。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语动词。“perform”是动词，意为“表演”。根据句中的“last week”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以时态应用一般过去时，动词“perform”的过去式是“performed”。故填performed。 18．Tom (become) a pilot when he was twenty years old. 【答案】became 【详解】句意：Tom在二十岁时成为了飞行员。根据时间状语“when he was twenty years old”可知是一般过去时，故谓语动词用过去式。故填became。 19．He (be) busy hanging those famous paintings since early this morning. 【答案】has been 【详解】句意：他从今天清晨起就一直忙着挂那些名画。根据“since early this morning”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时（has/have done）。主语“He”为第三人称单数，故填has been。 20．After he drew the pictures on the cards, he (go) on to colour them. 【答案】went 【详解】句意：他在卡片上画完图后，接着开始给它们上色。根据“After he drew...”可知，主句动作发生在过去已完成，且“go on to do”表示“接着做另一件事”，需用一般过去时。故填went。 21．Every day (matter), so never put off what you can do today till tomorrow. 【答案】matters 【详解】句意：每天都很重要，所以永远不要把今天能做的事拖到明天。matter“要紧”，动词，根据“so never put off what you can do till tomorrow”可知句子时态为一般现在时，而主语“Every day”为第三人称单数，故填matters。 22．We (visit) the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang next summer holiday. 【答案】will visit/are going to visit 【详解】句意：明年暑假我们将参观敦煌莫高窟。根据“next summer holiday”可知，时态是一般将来时，强调动作发生在未来。一般将来时的常见结构有will+动词原形或be going to+动词原形，主语we是第一人称，be动词用are，故填will visit/are going to visit。 23．—Hello, may I speak to Sophia? —Wait a minute. She (discuss) the fashion show with Sarah in the next room. 【答案】is discussing 【详解】句意：——你好，我能和索菲亚通话吗？——等一下。她正在隔壁房间和萨拉讨论时装秀。discuss“讨论”，根据“Wait a minute.”可知动作正在进行，需用现在进行时，主语She为第三人称单数，be动词用is，discuss的现在分词形式为discussing。故填is discussing。 24．The old couple have been (marry) for fifty years. 【答案】married 【详解】句意： 这对老夫妇已经结婚五十年了。根据“have been... for fifty years”可知，此处是现在完成时态，表示持续的状态。表示“结婚”这一状态，应用形容词“married”。故填married。 25．They (spread) the good news all over the school since they heard about it. 【答案】have spread 【详解】句意：自从他们听说这个消息后，已经把这个好消息传遍了整个学校。根据“since they heard about it.”可知动作从过去持续到现在，强调对现在的影响（消息已传开），需用现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词）。主语“They”为复数，故用“have”，spread的过去分词为spread。故填have spread。 一、语法选择 In 2024, a student from Chongqing shared delicious tanghulu in the UK. And she quickly caught many 1 eyes. The student 2 beautiful hanfu and gave her homemade tanghulu to people on the streets of Edinburgh. She showed them different tastes of tanghulu and the way to make the snack. Everyone was happy and 3 about it. A British girl was so happy when she saw the candied haws (糖制山楂) and said “Tanghulu” in 4 loud voice. The student gave the snack to the girl. The girl was glad 5 it. She said she had seen it in Chinese TV shows. 6 , another child the student met was nicknamed (给……起绰号) “Tanghulu”. He never went to China, but at that time, he learned 7 his name came from and enjoyed the taste of the traditional Chinese snack. Tanghulu is a famous snack 8 the north of China. Bright red haws line up on a stick. Their candy coats are shining in the light like glass balls. Haws are sour, 9 they taste amazing with the candy coats. Because tanghulu looks pretty and tastes great, it 10 by the world now. It is true that Chinese special food and snacks are brought to other countries and they are becoming more and more popular now. 1．A．people B．people’s C．people’ 2．A．wear B．wears C．wore 3．A．excited B．more excited C．the most excited 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．taste B．to taste C．tasting 6．A．Surprise B．Surprising C．Surprisingly 7．A．why B．where C．when 8．A．with B．on C．from 9．A．and B．or C．but 10．A．is loved B．was loved C．will be loved 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述2024年，一位来自重庆的学生在英国分享美味的糖葫芦，她迅速吸引了许多人的目光，文章还介绍了糖葫芦的特点和受欢迎程度。 1．句意：她很快就吸引了许多人的目光。 people人们；people’s人们的；people’错误表达。根据“caught many...eyes”可知，此处指吸引了许多人的目光，用名词所有格people’s修饰名词eyes。故选B。 2．句意：这位学生穿着漂亮的汉服，把自己做的糖葫芦送给爱丁堡街头的人们。 wear穿，动词原形；wears穿，动词三单形式；wore穿，动词过去式。根据“and gave”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选C。 3．句意：每个人都很高兴和兴奋。 excited兴奋的；more excited更兴奋的；the most excited最兴奋的。根据“Everyone was happy and...”可知，此处没有比较之意，用形容词原形即可。故选A。 4．句意：一个英国女孩看到糖葫芦时非常高兴，大声说“糖葫芦”。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，特指。根据“in...loud voice”可知，此处表示泛指，且loud是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故选A。 5．句意：女孩很高兴品尝它。 taste品尝，动词原形；to taste品尝，动词不定式；tasting品尝，动词现在分词。根据“The girl was glad...it.”可知，此处是固定搭配be glad to do sth.“很高兴做某事”，应用动词不定式。故选B。 6．句意：令人惊讶的是，学生遇到的另一个孩子被起了个绰号叫“糖葫芦”。 Surprise惊讶，名词；Surprising令人惊讶的，形容词；Surprisingly令人惊讶地，副词。根据“...another child the student met was nicknamed (给……起绰号) ‘Tanghulu’.”可知，此处指令人惊讶的是，应用副词修饰整个句子，句首首字母大写。故选C。 7．句意：他从未去过中国，但那时，他知道了自己的名字的由来，并喜欢上了中国传统零食的味道。 why为什么；where哪里；when什么时候。根据“he learned...his name came from”可知，此处指知道了自己的名字的由来，应用where引导宾语从句。故选B。 8．句意：糖葫芦是中国北方著名的零食。 with和；on在……上面；from来自。根据“Tanghulu is a famous snack...the north of China.”可知，此处指来自中国北方，应用介词from。故选C。 9．句意：山楂是酸的，但和糖衣搭配起来味道很棒。 and和；or或者；but但是。根据“Haws are sour,...they taste amazing with the candy coats.”可知，前后句是转折关系，应用but连接。故选C。 10．句意：因为糖葫芦看起来漂亮，味道也很好，所以现在受到了全世界的喜爱。 is loved被喜爱，一般现在时的被动语态；was loved被喜爱，一般过去时的被动语态；will be loved将被喜爱，一般将来时的被动语态。根据“now”可知，句子是一般现在时，且主语it和动词love之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。 二、完形填空 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 What is a teacher? Well, a teacher is someone who teaches things, and you remember them. But I didn’t 11 that this opinion was too simple until I met my music teacher. When I first arrived at my music class at school, I had almost no knowledge of how to play the violin. I couldn’t get the 12 notes (音符) right. It seemed like a dream for me to 13 in front of the school. However, Mr Hayes 14 me to work toward my dreams. It took him much time to find the right violin book for me and he spent time teaching me. When I was 15 to remember the notes, he taught me the trick: FACE. F means “fa”; A means “la”; C means “do”; E means “mi”. This way, I can remember the notes more 16 . He also tried to make music class fun. We played games that helped develop our 17 of beat. We talked about the background of music pieces from all over the world and 18 the development of music in the US. Sometimes when we were too 19 , instead of forcing us to practice more, Mr Hayes would talk about relaxing things. Thanks to Mr Hayes, I truly fell in love with the violin. After six months, I could play several pieces of music by myself. This might not seem like a huge 20 , however, I am still proud of it and thankful to Mr Hayes. 11．A．realize B．guess C．forget D．doubt 12．A．main B．key C．basic D．primary 13．A．achieve B．finish C．behave D．perform 14．A．encouraged B．invited C．warned D．sent 15．A．able B．helpful C．unable D．helpless 16．A．quickly B．quietly C．carefully D．slowly 17．A．taste B．sound C．sense D．touch 18．A．heard about B．learned about C．cared about D．worried about 19．A．pleased B．interested C．moved D．tired 20．A．surprise B．success C．failure D．benefit 【答案】 11．A 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．C 16．A 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者起初对小提琴几乎一无所知，在音乐老师Hayes先生的鼓励和教导下，作者逐渐掌握了记音符的技巧，音乐课也变得有趣，最终能够独自演奏多首乐曲，作者对这一成果感到自豪并对Hayes先生心怀感激。 11．句意：但直到遇到我的音乐老师，我才意识到这个观点太简单了。 realize意识到；guess猜测；forget忘记；doubt怀疑。根据“that this opinion was too simple until I met my music teacher”可知，遇到音乐老师后才意识到之前的观点简单。故选A。 12．句意：我无法把基本的音符弹对。 main主要的；key关键的；basic基本的；primary主要的。根据“I had almost no knowledge of how to play the violin.”可知，几乎不知道如何拉小提琴，所以无法把基本音符弹对。故选C。 13．句意：对我来说在全校师生面前表演似乎是一个梦想。 achieve实现；finish完成；behave表现；perform表演。根据“in front of the school”可知，此处指在学校面前表演。故选D。 14．句意：然而，Hayes先生鼓励我朝着我的梦想努力。 encouraged鼓励；invited邀请；warned警告；sent发送。根据“However, Mr Hayes...me to work toward my dreams.”可知，此处指老师鼓励作者朝着梦想努力。故选A。 15．句意：当我记不住音符时，他教了我一个技巧：FACE。 able能够的；helpful有帮助的；unable不能的；helpless无助的。根据“he taught me the trick”可知，此处指记不住音符时，be unable to do sth“不能做某事”。故选C。 16．句意：这样，我可以更快地记住音符。 quickly快速地；quietly安静地；carefully仔细地；slowly慢慢地。根据“This way, I can remember the notes more...”可知，这个技巧帮助更快地记住音符。故选A。 17．句意：我们玩有助于培养我们节奏感的游戏。 taste味道；sound声音；sense感觉；touch触摸。根据“of beat”可知，此处指节奏感，a sense of beat“节奏感”。故选C。 18．句意：我们谈论了来自世界各地的音乐作品的背景，并了解了美国音乐的发展。 heard about听说；learned about了解；cared about关心；worried about担心。根据“the development of music in the US”可知，此处指了解美国音乐的发展。故选B。 19．句意：有时当我们太累了，Hayes先生不会强迫我们多练习，而是会谈论一些放松的事情。 pleased高兴的；interested感兴趣的；moved感动的；tired累的。根据“instead of forcing us to practice more, Mr Hayes would talk about relaxing things”可知，此处指太累的时候，老师不会强迫多练习。故选D。 20．句意：这可能看起来不是一个巨大的成功，然而，我仍然为此感到自豪，并感谢Hayes先生。 surprise惊讶；success成功；failure失败；benefit利益。根据“I could play several pieces of music by myself”可知，能够独自演奏多首乐曲，这是一个成功。故选B。 三、阅读理解 Chinese scientists have discovered a new water reservoir (蓄水池) on the moon in the form of glass beads (玻璃珠). The glass beads might help with astronauts’ work in the future. China’s Chang’e-5 lunar probe (月球探测器) collected something from the moon. Scientists found glass beads were hiding in it and that they held water. ▲ They are created when small things moving in space hit the moon’s surface. They take in hydrogen atoms (氢原子) carried by the solar wind and are important in the water cycle of the lunar surface. Even though each glass bead only holds a little water, there are so many of them on the moon that scientists think there might be 270 billion metric tons of water on the moon! This is a very important discovery. Scientists thought the moon was completely dry. But now they know it’s not! This finding helps scientists understand more about how water is stored and moves with objects in space. Do you know what is even more exciting? This discovery could help people in the future. Scientists think it might be useful for planning to build homes for humans on other planets. Isn’t that amazing? However, some problems have to be solved. The first problem is where exactly the water on the moon comes from. Some scientists think it could be from the solar wind. Others believe it might have gotten trapped (困住) when the moon was hot. Another idea is that other objects or planets brought the water to the moon. Using these special glass beads to support future tasks about the moon sounds like a great idea, right? But there’s also another problem. We need to find out how to turn these glass beads into water in space. Isn't it fascinating to learn about all these discoveries? There’s still so much to find out in space! 21．Which of the following sentences can be put into “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2? A．Why are there glass beads? B．How many glass beads are there? C．How did scientists find glass beads? D．Where did scientists find glass beads? 22．What’s the main idea of paragraph 4? A．The process of the discovery. B．The idea of storing water in space. C．The importance of the discovery. D．The plan of building homes on other planets. 23．Which of the following statement is true according to the passage? A．Scientists believe there might be little water on the moon. B．Scientists know exactly where the water on the moon comes from. C．Scientists have found out how to turn the glass beads into water in space. D．Scientists think it might be possible to build homes for humans on other planets. 24．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Mysteries on Different Planets. B．A Water Reservoir on the Moon. C．A Journey to the Moon’s Surface. D．A New Way to Get Water on Earth. 25．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a travel guide. B．In a story book. C．In a science book. D．In a health magazine. 【答案】21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国科学家在月球上发现了一种新的蓄水池形式——玻璃珠，并阐述了这些玻璃珠的来源、作用以及它们对未来太空探索的潜在意义。 21．推理判断题。根据第二段“They are created when small things moving in space hit the moon’s surface. They take in hydrogen atoms carried by the solar wind and are important in the water cycle of the lunar surface.”可知，此处在解释玻璃珠是如何形成的，即为什么会有玻璃珠。因此，选项A“为什么会有玻璃珠？”可以填入空白处。故选A。 22．主旨大意题。根据第四段“This is a very important discovery...This finding helps scientists understand more about how water is stored and moves with objects in space...This discovery could help people in the future.”可知，本段主要介绍了这个发现的重要性，包括帮助科学家了解更多关于水在太空中的存储和移动方式，以及这个发现对未来人类的帮助。因此，选项C“这个发现的重要性”是本段的主旨大意。故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据第四段“Scientists think it might be useful for planning to build homes for humans on other planets.”可知，科学家认为这个发现可能对未来在其他星球上为人类建造家园有用。因此，选项D“科学家认为在其他星球上为人类建造家园可能是可能的”是正确的。故选D。 24．最佳标题题。根据第一段“Chinese scientists have discovered a new water reservoir on the moon in the form of glass beads.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国科学家在月球上发现的一种新的蓄水池形式——玻璃珠。因此，选项B“月球上的蓄水池”是最佳标题。故选B。 25．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国科学家在月球上发现的一种新的蓄水池形式——玻璃珠，以及这些玻璃珠的来源、作用和潜在意义。这是一篇科学类文章，因此最有可能出现在科学书籍中。故选C。 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。把答案写在答题卡的横线上。 Have you ever 26 (hear) of the Hanging Garden of Babylon (巴比伦空中花园)? It is said that they 27 (build) in the 6th century BC． They are considered as one of the seven 28 (wonder) of the ancient world. It’s a large collection of plants that are hung from the walls of a place in Iraq. 29 , nobody knew exactly where they were built. When it comes to 30 (it) height, some stories described that the Hanging Gardens were as tall as hundreds of feet, but some historians said they were truly not that high. The reason behind the Hanging Gardens sounds like a fairy tale. 31 emperor built the gardens around 600 BC for a special purpose—preventing his wife from 32 (miss) her home in Media which had great mountains, so the emperor decided 33 (bring) the mountains to his palace. 34 the same time, he ordered the slaves (奴隶) to build a huge hill and plant plenty 35 trees and flowers on it. Unluckily, in the 1st century BC, an earthquake happened in Babylon, destroying a large part of the city. 【答案】 26．heard 27．were built 28．wonders 29．However 30．its 31．An 32．missing 33．to bring 34．At 35．of 【导语】本文主要介绍了巴比伦空中花园的相关信息，包括其建造时间、被认为是古代世界七大奇迹之一、具体位置不明、高度说法不一，还讲述了其建造原因以及最终因地震被毁等情况。 26．句意：你曾经听说过巴比伦空中花园吗？根据“Have you ever...of the Hanging Garden of Babylon”可知，此处是现在完成时的一般疑问句形式，hear的过去分词是heard，表示“听说”。故填heard。 27．句意：据说它们建于公元前6世纪。根据“It is said that they...in the 6th century BC.”可知，主语they指代the Hanging Garden of Babylon，和build之间是被动关系，且时间是过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were + 过去分词，主语是复数，be动词用were，build的过去分词是built。故填were built。 28．句意：它们被认为是古代世界的七大奇迹之一。根据“one of the seven...of the ancient world”可知，one of后接名词复数，wonder的复数形式是wonders，表示“奇迹”。故填wonders。 29．句意：然而，没有人确切知道它们建在哪里。根据“nobody knew exactly where they were built”可知，这与前文介绍巴比伦空中花园是古代世界七大奇迹之一形成转折，however表示“然而”，后接逗号，用于句首，首字母大写。故填However。 30．句意：当谈到它的高度时，一些故事描述说巴比伦空中花园高达数百英尺，但一些历史学家说它们实际上没有那么高。根据“When it comes to...height”可知，此处修饰名词height，要用形容词性物主代词，it的形容词性物主代词是its，表示“它的”。故填its。 31．句意：大约在公元前600年，一位皇帝建造了这些花园，有一个特殊的目的——防止他的妻子想念她在米底亚的家，那里有大山。根据“...emperor built the gardens around 600 BC”可知，此处泛指“一位皇帝”，且以元音音素开头，用an，位于句首，首字母大写。故填An。 32．句意：大约在公元前600年，一位皇帝建造了这些花园，有一个特殊的目的——防止他的妻子想念她在米底亚的家，那里有大山。根据“preventing his wife from...her home”可知，prevent sb. from doing sth.表示“阻止某人做某事”，miss的动名词形式是missing，表示“想念”。故填missing。 33．句意：所以皇帝决定把山搬到他的宫殿。根据“the emperor decided...the mountains to his palace”可知，decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，所以此处应填to bring，bring表示“带来”。故填to bring。 34．句意：同时，他命令奴隶们建造一座大山并在上面种植大量的树和花。根据“...the same time”可知，at the same time表示“同时”，位于句首首字母要大写。故填At。 35．句意：同时，他命令奴隶们建造一座大山并在上面种植大量的树和花。根据“plant plenty...trees and flowers on it”可知，plenty of表示“大量的”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，trees是可数名词复数，所以此处应填of。故填of。 五、任务型阅读 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整，并把答案写在答题卡指定的位置。 What do you think is the most important thing in life? I think it is health. If someone takes away our money, houses or cars, we can still survive. But if our health was taken away, we would surely die. That is why we should keep healthy. But how? Here is some advice. First, we should take exercise every day. It can help us build a strong body. We should exercise no less than five days a week and at least 30 minutes every time. And exercise should be taken in the afternoon or evening. Second, in order to keep healthy, we should eat healthily. It is very important for us to keep a healthy diet. For example, we should eat more fruit and vegetables and keep away from food with lots of sugar and fat. Last but not least, enough sleep is also very necessary. As students, we should make sure we have at least nine hours’ sleep every day. If you can follow the advice given above, I’m sure you will lead a healthy life. 1．What does the writer think is the most important thing in life, health or wealth? 2．What can help us build a strong body? 3．How long should we exercise every time? 4．What’s the writer’s second suggestion on keeping healthy? 5．How many pieces of advice does the writer give in the passage? 【答案】1．The writer thinks health is the most important thing in life. 2．Taking exercise every day can help us build a strong body. 3．We should exercise at least 30 minutes every time. 4．The writer’s second suggestion on keeping healthy is to eat healthily. 5．The writer gives three pieces of advice in the passage. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述健康是生活中最重要的东西，并给出了保持健康的一些建议。 1．根据文章第1段“What do you think is the most important thing in life? I think it is health.”可知，作者认为健康是生活中最重要的东西。故填The writer thinks health is the most important thing in life. 2．根据文章第2段“First, we should take exercise every day. It can help us build a strong body.”可知，每天锻炼能帮助我们塑造强壮的身体。故填Taking exercise every day can help us build a strong body. 3．根据文章第2段“We should exercise no less than five days a week and at least 30 minutes every time.”可知，我们每次应该锻炼至少30分钟。故填We should exercise at least 30 minutes every time. 4．根据文章第2段“Second, in order to keep healthy, we should eat healthily.”可知，作者关于保持健康的第二条建议是健康饮食。故填The writer’s second suggestion on keeping healthy is to eat healthily. 5．根据文章第2段中“First... Second... Last but not least...”的表述可知，作者在文中给出了三条建议。故填The writer gives three pieces of advice in the passage. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业01 六大时态 到目前为止，我们已经学过了六种常用时态，它们分别是一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时和现在完成时。下面，我们来复习一下这六种时态。 时态 含义 结构 时间状语 一般现在时 表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。 am / is / are或其他动词的一般现在时形式 usually, always, often, every day等 一般过去时 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常性的动作。 was / were或其他动词的过去式形式 yesterday, in 1992, last year, three days ago等 现在进行时 表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事。 am / is / are+动词-ing形式 now, at the moment等 一般将来时 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 be going to / will+动词原形 tomorrow, next week，in the future等 过去进行时 表示在过去某段时间内正在发生的事情或行为。 was/were +动词-ing形式 at 2:00 yesterday，at this time yesterday，while / when，then / at that time / at that moment；when my father got home 现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，或者表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 has/have+动词的过去分词形式 since，for，so far，already，yet，recently，ever，twice，in the last /past few years 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．— Where were you at half past four yesterday afternoon, Tom? —I ________ lessons in my bedroom. A．reviewed B．am reviewing C．was reviewing D．have reviewed 2．The woman _________ the two bags on the floor and then left. A．lied B．lay C．laid 3．— Where is your sales manager, Jessica? — She’s not here. She ________ to Beijing to attend a meeting. She left this morning. A．had gone B．had been C．has gone D．have been 4．Unfortunately, the train ________ by the time I reached the railway station. A．left B．has left C．had left D．leaves 5．Susan ________ a scholarship offer from a foreign university. However, she needs to think carefully before she ________ it. A．received; receives B．accepted; receives C．received; accepts D．accepted; accepts 6．—Another three astronauts traveled into space in October 2024. —Yeah. How wonderful! Our country ________ great progress in space technology by now. A．will make B．made C．has made D．was making 7．The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travel B．travels C．travelled D．travelling 8．The small island ________ off the eastern coast of China. A．lie B．lies C．lay D．laid 9．At the company meeting, only 20% supported the project; the rest ________against it. A．in B．are C．was D．were 10．—______ Tom ______ to the Great Wall? —Yes. He ______ there with his parents last summer. A．Has; been; went B．Did; go; has been C．Has; been; has gone D．Did; go; went 11．We ________ at the hotel at the beach for quite a while until the ferries start running again. A．stayed B．were staying C．have stayed D．will stay 12．—Jack, could you please help me take out the rubbish now? —Sorry, I can’t. I ________ that after finishing my homework. A．am doing B．will do C．was doing D．have done 13．Lingling isn’t here at the moment. She ________ with her friends on the playground now. A．chatted B．will chat C．is chatting D．was chatting 14．The students ________ so happily that they didn’t notice the teacher coming in. A．were talking B．are talking C．will talk D．talk 15．Mary ________ an interesting book when her mother came in. A．reads B．read C．is reading D．was reading 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 16．This is the first time I (visit) the Great Wall. 17．The children (perform) two plays in the school hall last week. 18．Tom (become) a pilot when he was twenty years old. 19．He (be) busy hanging those famous paintings since early this morning. 20．After he drew the pictures on the cards, he (go) on to colour them. 21．Every day (matter), so never put off what you can do today till tomorrow. 22．We (visit) the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang next summer holiday. 23．—Hello, may I speak to Sophia? —Wait a minute. She (discuss) the fashion show with Sarah in the next room. 24．The old couple have been (marry) for fifty years. 25．They (spread) the good news all over the school since they heard about it. 一、语法选择 In 2024, a student from Chongqing shared delicious tanghulu in the UK. And she quickly caught many 1 eyes. The student 2 beautiful hanfu and gave her homemade tanghulu to people on the streets of Edinburgh. She showed them different tastes of tanghulu and the way to make the snack. Everyone was happy and 3 about it. A British girl was so happy when she saw the candied haws (糖制山楂) and said “Tanghulu” in 4 loud voice. The student gave the snack to the girl. The girl was glad 5 it. She said she had seen it in Chinese TV shows. 6 , another child the student met was nicknamed (给……起绰号) “Tanghulu”. He never went to China, but at that time, he learned 7 his name came from and enjoyed the taste of the traditional Chinese snack. Tanghulu is a famous snack 8 the north of China. Bright red haws line up on a stick. Their candy coats are shining in the light like glass balls. Haws are sour, 9 they taste amazing with the candy coats. Because tanghulu looks pretty and tastes great, it 10 by the world now. It is true that Chinese special food and snacks are brought to other countries and they are becoming more and more popular now. 1．A．people B．people’s C．people’ 2．A．wear B．wears C．wore 3．A．excited B．more excited C．the most excited 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．taste B．to taste C．tasting 6．A．Surprise B．Surprising C．Surprisingly 7．A．why B．where C．when 8．A．with B．on C．from 9．A．and B．or C．but 10．A．is loved B．was loved C．will be loved 二、完形填空 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 What is a teacher? Well, a teacher is someone who teaches things, and you remember them. But I didn’t 11 that this opinion was too simple until I met my music teacher. When I first arrived at my music class at school, I had almost no knowledge of how to play the violin. I couldn’t get the 12 notes (音符) right. It seemed like a dream for me to 13 in front of the school. However, Mr Hayes 14 me to work toward my dreams. It took him much time to find the right violin book for me and he spent time teaching me. When I was 15 to remember the notes, he taught me the trick: FACE. F means “fa”; A means “la”; C means “do”; E means “mi”. This way, I can remember the notes more 16 . He also tried to make music class fun. We played games that helped develop our 17 of beat. We talked about the background of music pieces from all over the world and 18 the development of music in the US. Sometimes when we were too 19 , instead of forcing us to practice more, Mr Hayes would talk about relaxing things. Thanks to Mr Hayes, I truly fell in love with the violin. After six months, I could play several pieces of music by myself. This might not seem like a huge 20 , however, I am still proud of it and thankful to Mr Hayes. 11．A．realize B．guess C．forget D．doubt 12．A．main B．key C．basic D．primary 13．A．achieve B．finish C．behave D．perform 14．A．encouraged B．invited C．warned D．sent 15．A．able B．helpful C．unable D．helpless 16．A．quickly B．quietly C．carefully D．slowly 17．A．taste B．sound C．sense D．touch 18．A．heard about B．learned about C．cared about D．worried about 19．A．pleased B．interested C．moved D．tired 20．A．surprise B．success C．failure D．benefit 三、阅读理解 Chinese scientists have discovered a new water reservoir (蓄水池) on the moon in the form of glass beads (玻璃珠). The glass beads might help with astronauts’ work in the future. China’s Chang’e-5 lunar probe (月球探测器) collected something from the moon. Scientists found glass beads were hiding in it and that they held water. ▲ They are created when small things moving in space hit the moon’s surface. They take in hydrogen atoms (氢原子) carried by the solar wind and are important in the water cycle of the lunar surface. Even though each glass bead only holds a little water, there are so many of them on the moon that scientists think there might be 270 billion metric tons of water on the moon! This is a very important discovery. Scientists thought the moon was completely dry. But now they know it’s not! This finding helps scientists understand more about how water is stored and moves with objects in space. Do you know what is even more exciting? This discovery could help people in the future. Scientists think it might be useful for planning to build homes for humans on other planets. Isn’t that amazing? However, some problems have to be solved. The first problem is where exactly the water on the moon comes from. Some scientists think it could be from the solar wind. Others believe it might have gotten trapped (困住) when the moon was hot. Another idea is that other objects or planets brought the water to the moon. Using these special glass beads to support future tasks about the moon sounds like a great idea, right? But there’s also another problem. We need to find out how to turn these glass beads into water in space. Isn't it fascinating to learn about all these discoveries? There’s still so much to find out in space! 21．Which of the following sentences can be put into “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2? A．Why are there glass beads? B．How many glass beads are there? C．How did scientists find glass beads? D．Where did scientists find glass beads? 22．What’s the main idea of paragraph 4? A．The process of the discovery. B．The idea of storing water in space. C．The importance of the discovery. D．The plan of building homes on other planets. 23．Which of the following statement is true according to the passage? A．Scientists believe there might be little water on the moon. B．Scientists know exactly where the water on the moon comes from. C．Scientists have found out how to turn the glass beads into water in space. D．Scientists think it might be possible to build homes for humans on other planets. 24．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Mysteries on Different Planets. B．A Water Reservoir on the Moon. C．A Journey to the Moon’s Surface. D．A New Way to Get Water on Earth. 25．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a travel guide. B．In a story book. C．In a science book. D．In a health magazine. 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。把答案写在答题卡的横线上。 Have you ever 26 (hear) of the Hanging Garden of Babylon (巴比伦空中花园)? It is said that they 27 (build) in the 6th century BC． They are considered as one of the seven 28 (wonder) of the ancient world. It’s a large collection of plants that are hung from the walls of a place in Iraq. 29 , nobody knew exactly where they were built. When it comes to 30 (it) height, some stories described that the Hanging Gardens were as tall as hundreds of feet, but some historians said they were truly not that high. The reason behind the Hanging Gardens sounds like a fairy tale. 31 emperor built the gardens around 600 BC for a special purpose—preventing his wife from 32 (miss) her home in Media which had great mountains, so the emperor decided 33 (bring) the mountains to his palace. 34 the same time, he ordered the slaves (奴隶) to build a huge hill and plant plenty 35 trees and flowers on it. Unluckily, in the 1st century BC, an earthquake happened in Babylon, destroying a large part of the city. 五、任务型阅读 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整，并把答案写在答题卡指定的位置。 What do you think is the most important thing in life? I think it is health. If someone takes away our money, houses or cars, we can still survive. But if our health was taken away, we would surely die. That is why we should keep healthy. But how? Here is some advice. First, we should take exercise every day. It can help us build a strong body. We should exercise no less than five days a week and at least 30 minutes every time. And exercise should be taken in the afternoon or evening. Second, in order to keep healthy, we should eat healthily. It is very important for us to keep a healthy diet. For example, we should eat more fruit and vegetables and keep away from food with lots of sugar and fat. Last but not least, enough sleep is also very necessary. As students, we should make sure we have at least nine hours’ sleep every day. If you can follow the advice given above, I’m sure you will lead a healthy life. 1．What does the writer think is the most important thing in life, health or wealth? 2．What can help us build a strong body? 3．How long should we exercise every time? 4．What’s the writer’s second suggestion on keeping healthy? 5．How many pieces of advice does the writer give in the passage? 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $