寒假作业03 形容词和副词（巩固培优）七年级英语新教材外研版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业03 形容词和副词 考点一 形容词和副词的用法 · 知识积累 形容词 形容词是英语常用的词类之一，简称adj. ，是用于描述人或事物的性质、特征、属性及状态的一类词语，在句子中最常见的功能是充当表语、定语或补语，主要用来修饰名词，例如： The train is green. 这个火车是绿色的。（green在句子中充当表语，修饰train） The old train is green. 这个老火车是绿色的。（old在句子中充当定语，同样修饰train） 副词 在英语中，副词用于表示行为或状态的特征，常在句中充当状语，主要用以修饰动词（动作）等，简称adv。此外副词还可以用来修饰形容词、副词或全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。副词可分为：时间副词、频率副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词等。例如： She studies hard. 她努力学习。（副词hard修饰动词studies） Your spoken English is very good！ 你的英语口语非常好！（副词very修饰形容词good） Tom gets up really early. 汤姆起的真的很早。（副词really修饰副词early） Finally, we will have a bright future, 最后，我们将有一个光明的未来。（副词finally修饰全句） 考点二 频度副词 · 知识积累 英语中用来表示动作或状态的频率的副词称为“频度（频率）副词”，下图是常见的频度副词所代表的频率 always 总是 100% usually 通常 80%-90% often 经常 50%-70% sometimes 有时 20%-40% seldom 很少 10%-20% hardly 几乎不 ＜10% never 从不 0% · 用法归纳 在英语句子中，频度副词的位置一般位于行为动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后，例如： He is seldom free. 他很少空闲。 I will never forget this film. 我永远不会忘了这个电影。 We should always follow the rules at school. 我们应该总是在学校遵守规定。 I often go to the library. 我经常去图书馆。 【用法归纳】 · sometimes可以位于句首、句中或句末，often也可以放在句末，例如： Sometimes I do homework in the library. / I do homework in the library sometimes. I finish homework at school often. · 如果句中存在两个助动词，频度副词常常位于第一个助动词之后，例如： He has never been invented to the party. 他从未被邀请去派对。 考点三 形容词和副词的转换 ✎ adj ↔ adv转换规则： 规则 内容 例子 一般规则 形容词后加-ly构成副词 quick → quickly、slow → slowly 以-y结尾的形容词 变y为i加-ly happy → happily、easy → easily 以-le结尾的形容词 去e加-y simple → simply、gentle → gently 以-ll结尾的形容词 直接加-y full → fully 【易错提醒】 · 注意不是每一个以-ly结尾的单词都是副词，例如以下词汇词性为形容词： friendly 友好的，lovely 可爱的，lively 活泼的，daily 日常的，lonely 孤独的， ugly 丑陋的，likely 可能的 · 下列词汇形容词副词同形： early→early 早的，早期地 late→late 晚的，晚地 fast→fast 快速的，快速地 straight→straight 笔直的，径直地 hard→hard adj. 努力的，辛苦的，艰难的，坚硬的 / adv. 努力地，辛苦地，艰难地 daily adj. 日常的 / adv. 每日 likely adj. 可能的 / adv. 大概 · 形容词后加-ly变为副词时，有时意思会截然不同，例如： hard adj. 努力的，辛苦的，艰难的，坚硬的 → hardly adv. 几乎不 close adj. 接近的，亲密的 / adv. （时间或空间）接近地 → closely 严密地 simple adj. 简单的 → simply adv. 简单地，仅仅，简直 wide adj. 宽的，广泛的 → widely adv. 广泛地 deep adj. 深的，厚的 / adv. 深深地 → deeply adv. 很，非常，深刻地 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．I ________ go to the art museum because I like painting. A．often B．hardly C．never D．ever 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我经常去艺术博物馆，因为我喜欢绘画。 考查副词辨析。often经常；hardly几乎不；never从不；ever曾经。根据“because I like painting”可知，喜欢绘画是原因，因此推测出应选择表示高频度的副词“often”，表示我经常去艺术博物馆，故选A。 2．—What do you _______ eat for your birthday dinner, David? —Birthday noodles. They are a symbol of long life. A．well B．even C．usually D．already 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——David，你生日晚餐通常吃什么？——生日面条。它们是长寿的象征。 考查副词辨析。well好地；even甚至；usually通常；already已经。根据答语“Birthday noodles. They are a symbol of long life.”可知，此处询问的是生日晚餐“通常”吃什么，需用表示频率的副词usually。故选C。 3．—How often do you drink coffee? —I _______ drink coffee. It is not good for my health. A．often B．usually C．sometimes D．never 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你多久喝一次咖啡？——我从不喝咖啡。它对我的健康不好。 考查副词辨析。often经常；usually通常；sometimes有时；never从不。根据“It is not good for my health.”可知，对健康不好，说明是从不喝咖啡。故选D。 4．Alice is ________ helping others. So many people like her very much. A．usually B．always C．often D．sometimes 【答案】B 【解析】句意：Alice总是帮助别人。所以很多人非常喜欢她。 考查频度副词辨析。usually通常；always总是；often经常；sometimes有时。根据“So many people like her very much”可推知，Alice“总是”乐于助人，“always”表示频率最高，最能体现她一贯的助人品质，符合语境。故选B。 5．Millie’s mother is busy with her work every day, so she ________ has time to go shopping with her daughter on weekends. A．always B．usually C．often D．seldom 【答案】D 【解析】句意：Millie的妈妈每天忙于工作，所以她周末很少有时间和女儿一起去购物。 考查副词辨析。always总是；usually通常；often经常；seldom很少。根据“Millie’s mother is busy with her work every day”可知，妈妈每天忙于工作，所以周末陪女儿购物的时间应该很少，应使用频度副词seldom。故选D。 6．My father ________ watches TV after dinner. He likes news programs (节目). A．often B．never C．sometimes D．ever 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我父亲经常在晚饭后看电视。他喜欢新闻节目。 考查频率副词辨析。often经常；never从不；sometimes有时；ever曾经。根据“He likes news programs.”可知，他喜欢新闻节目，因此应选择表示高频的副词，often最符合逻辑，故选A。 7．Jerry ________ checks his bag before going to bed, so he ________ forgets his homework. A．sometimes; always B．usually; often C．never; seldom D．always; seldom 【答案】D 【解析】句意：杰瑞总是在睡觉前检查他的书包，所以他很少忘记他的作业。 考查频度副词辨析。sometimes有时；always总是；usually通常；often经常；never从不；seldom很少。根据“Jerry…checks his bag before going to bed, so he…forgets his homework.”可知，前半句和后半句之间是因果关系，因为总是检查书包，所以很少忘记作业。故选D。 8．Alice thinks geography is ________, and she can ________ understand her teacher in class. A．hard; hardly B．hardly; hardly C．hard; hard D．hardly; hard 【答案】A 【解析】句意：爱丽丝认为地理很难，她在课堂上几乎听不懂老师讲课。 考查形容词和副词辨析。hard作形容词时，意为“困难的”，作副词时，意为“努力地”；hardly是副词，意为“几乎不”。第一空需要形容词作表语，描述地理这门学科的特点，所以用hard；第二空需要副词修饰动词understand，结合语境“听不懂”可知，此处用hardly。故选A。 9．This kind of milk tastes ________, but there is ________ in the fridge, we need to buy some. A．good; a little B．well; little C．good; little D．good; few 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这种牛奶味道很好，但是冰箱里几乎快没了，我们需要买一些。 考查形容词和代词。good好的，形容词；well好，副词；little几乎没哟，修饰不可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数。taste是感官系动词，其后跟形容词作表语，所以第一空用good；根据“we need to buy some”可知，要买一下，应是冰箱里几乎没有了，第二空表示否定意义，且修饰不可数名词milk，所以用little。故选C。 10．In the forest fire, many animals went into the river to keep ________. A．alive B．lives C．lively D．to live 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在森林大火中，许多动物跳入河里求生。 考查形容词辨析。alive“活着的”，常作表语、宾语补足语或后置定语；lives“生存”，动词三单形式，“生命”，名词复数；lively生机勃勃的；to live“居住”，动词不定式。系动词keep后接形容词作表语，排除选项B和D；根据“In the forest fire, many animals went into the river to keep...”可知，动物在大火中跳入河内是为了能活命，应用alive，符合语境。故选A。 11．— Good ________ to you, Peter! — Thank you! I’m always a ________ boy. A．lucky; luck B．luck; lucky C．lucky; lucky D．luck; luck 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——祝你好运，彼得！——谢谢！我总是一个幸运的男孩。 考查词性辨析。lucky幸运的，形容词；luck运气，名词。第一空表示“好运”，应用名词，第二空修饰其后的名词，应用形容词形式，故选B。 12．—How do you like the Beijing Opera show? —I think it is _________ and I really enjoy it. A．enough wonderful B．wonderful enough C．enough wonderfully D．wonderfully enough 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你觉得京剧表演怎么样？——我认为它已经足够美妙了，我真的很喜欢它。 考查词性辨析及enough用法。wonderful精彩的、绝妙的，形容词，其副词是wonderfully；enough足够、充足，修饰形容词或者副词时，enough要后置。由此可排除AC选项。其次此处应用形容词在be动词后作表语。故选B。 13．—Do you eat a ________ breakfast? —Yes, I do. I eat ________ every morning. A．well, well B．good, well C．good, good D．well, good 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你早餐吃得好吗？——是的。我每天早上都吃得很好。 考查形容词和副词的用法。第一个空修饰名词breakfast用形容词good；第二个空修饰动词eat用副词well。故选B。 14．The wind sometimes blows ________. A．strong B．hard C．heavily D．strongly 【答案】D 【解析】句意：风有时候刮得很大。 考查副词词义辨析和副词修饰动词。strong形容词，强壮的；hard形容词，困难的；heavily副词，沉重地；strongly副词，强有力地。heavy通常形容雨大，strong通常形容风大；又因为本句中是用来修饰动词blow，故要用strong的副词形式strongly。故选D。 15．Every day he works _______ and _______. A．busy, late B．busily, lately C．busily, late D．busy, lately 【答案】C 【解析】句意：他每天都忙得很晚。 考查词义辨析。busy形容词，忙碌的；late形容词/副词，晚的/晚；busily副词，忙碌地；lately副词，近来。两处均修饰动词works，所以使用副词形式，排除AD；分析“Every day he works…”可知，此处表示工作很晚，所以用late，故选C。 16．It will be ________ in London tomorrow. A．rain B．snow C．cloud D．windy 【答案】D 【解析】句意：明天伦敦将会刮风。 考查形容词作表语。rain雨；snow雪；cloud云；windy刮风的。此处在句中作表语，用形容词。故选D。 17．I’m ________, and I have a ________ sister. A．15 year old; 16-year-old B．15 years old; 16-year-old C．15-year-old; 16 years old D．15 year old; 16 year old 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我15岁了，我有一个16岁的姐姐。 考查年龄的表达。表示确切的年龄时，可用“基数词+years old”结构，所以第一空填写15 years old；第二空在句中作定语修饰sister，应用“数词-可数名词单数-形容词”构成复合形容词，所以第二空填写16-year-old。故选B。 18．I have a ________ volleyball and I can play it ________. A．good, good B．well, well C．well, good D．good, well 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我有一个很好的排球，我可以打得很好。 考查词义辨析。good好的，形容词；well好地，副词；健康的，形容词。第一处作定语修饰volleyball，用形容词good；第二处修饰动词，用副词well。故选D。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Zoe ____________ (usual) goes to the park and paints with friends on Saturday. 【答案】usually 【解析】句意：佐伊通常在周六去公园和朋友们一起画画。此处需用副词修饰动词goes，形容词usual的副词形式为usually，表示“通常”，故填usually。 2．You should be very ____________ (thank) to people who once helped you out. 【答案】thankful 【解析】句意：你应该非常感谢那些曾经帮助过你的人。根据“be very”以及所给单词可知，此处使用形容词thankful“感激的”，在句中作表语，be thankful to“对……感激”。故填thankful。 3．The stars shine ____________ (bright) in the night sky, making it look magical. 【答案】brightly 【解析】】句意：星星在夜空中闪耀，使夜空看起来很梦幻。根据“The stars shine...”可知，此处修饰动词shine，需用副词形式“brightly”。故填brightly。 4．He devotes himself to ____________ (medicine) research. 【答案】medical 【解析】句意：他致力于医学研究。根据“He devotes himself to…research.”可知，这里需要一个形容词来修饰名词research，medicine的形容词形式是medical。故填medical。 5．Their ____________ (culture) backgrounds gave them a spirit of adventure. 【答案】cultural 【解析】句意：他们的文化背景给了他们冒险的精神。根据“Their... backgrounds”可知，此处用culture的形容词形式作定语修饰名词backgrounds；cultural“文化的”，是形容词。 故填cultural。 6．She always drinks water when she’s ____________ (thirst). 【答案】thirsty 【解析】句意：当她口渴的时候，她总是喝水。“she’s”是“she is”的缩写，“is”为系动词，后面接形容词作表语。提示词“thirst”的形容词形式为“thirsty”意为“口渴的”。故填thirsty。 7．The night ____________ (look) bright and ____________ (colour) under fireworks. 【答案】 looks colourful 【解析】句意：在烟花的照耀下，夜晚显得明亮多彩。look“看起来”，动词，且该句描述的一般事实，时态为一般现在时，且主语“The night”表示单数概念，应用其动词三单形式作谓语，则第一空填looks；colour“颜色，色彩”名词，再结合“…bright and…”可知，and连接两个相同成分和感情色彩的词，此处应用其对应的形容词形式作表语，表示“多彩的”，则第二空填colourful。故填looks；colourful。 8．My father ____________ cleans the room on weekends. (usual) 【答案】usually 【解析】句意：我爸爸周末通常打扫房间。根据“My father…cleans the room on weekends.”以及英文提示可知，此处表示频率，所填单词要修饰动词 “cleans”，修饰动词应该用副词形式。usually“通常”，副词，用于一般现在时中，用来描述经常发生的动作或存在的状态。故填usually。 9．Jim goes to bed so early today. This is very ____________ (usual). He always stays up late. 【答案】unusual 【解析】句意：今天吉姆睡得这么早。这真是太不寻常了。他总是熬夜。根据“Jim goes to bed so early today.”和“He always stays up late.”可知，他总是熬夜，所以早睡觉很不寻常，此处使用usual的反义词unusual“不寻常的”，形容词作表语。故填unusual。 10．This morning the traffic was ____________ (crowd) so I was late for work. 【答案】crowded 【解析】句意 ：今天早上交通拥挤，所以我上班迟到了。空处位于was后，修饰交通，填形容词作表语。crows“人群”，名词，其形容词为crowded“拥挤的”。故填crowded。 11．I was so ____________ (shock) that I couldn’t speak. 【答案】shocked 【解析】句意：我震惊得说不出话来。空处位于was后修饰I，填形容词作表语。shock“震惊”，名词，其形容词为shocked“震惊的”。故填shocked。 12．Our school is going to hold the ____________ (five) Culture Festival. 【答案】fifth 【解析】句意：学校将要举办第五届文化节。根据“the ... Culture Festival”可知，此处指“第五届文化节”，表示顺序用序数词，fifth“第五”符合句意。故填fifth。 一、阅读理解 A Diego was looking at the old guitar on the wall of his house. The guitar had an old story. Diego’s grandfather, Miguel, played it everywhere he went. His playing was so good that people came to listen whenever he played it. Diego knew this story well. He wanted to be like his grandfather. So, he started to learn to play the guitar when he was little. After he grew up, he had his own band. So, his grandfather gave him the guitar as a gift. Diego’s grandfather saw how some musicians smashed their guitars on the stage (舞台) during big rock shows. He didn’t like this. He thought people should take care of their guitars. “Promise me you’ll never do this to our guitar,” he said to Diego. “Of course,” said Diego. Diego was now a big rockstar. Once he brought this guitar on the stage and played amazing songs with it. All his family were watching and felt very happy. At the end of the show, Diego got so excited that he lifted (举起) the guitar in the air. When everyone thought that he was going to break it on the stage, he slowly took a bow (鞠躬). He always remembered what his grandfather told him, “If you really love rock, love your guitar, it is your companion (伙伴), not just a thing.” Diego kept his word. He showed his love for rock music. 1．When did Diego start to learn the guitar? A．When he was young. B．After he grew up. C．After he joined a band. D．When he got a guitar as a gift. 2．What does the underlined word “smashed” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Played with something carefully. B．Broke something hard. C．Showed one’s care for something. D．Did some cleaning on something. 3．Which of the following can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Diego’s grandfather would be angry after the show. B．Miguel cared about the old guitar very much. C．Diego’s band members often smash guitars on stage. D．Diego thinks the guitar is only a tool for playing music. 4．What lesson does the story tell us? A．Listen to old men. B．It’s easy to be a music lover. C．It’s never too late to learn. D．Take care of your tools. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 【解析】本文讲述了Diego的祖父告诉他吉他是伙伴，而不只是一个东西，不要在舞台上砸吉他。 1．细节理解题。根据“So, he started to learn to play the guitar when he was little.”可知，他很小的时候就开始学习弹吉他。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“He didn’t like this. He thought people should take care of their guitars.”可知，祖父不喜欢这种行为，他认为应该爱护吉他，结合“on the stage”的场景，可推断“smashed”是“用力毁坏”的意思。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Promise me you’ll never do this to our guitar,”和“If you really love rock, love your guitar, it is your companion (伙伴), not just a thing.”可知，祖父将吉他视为陪伴，还要求Diego爱护它，由此推断，祖父很在乎这把吉他。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，Diego的祖父告诉他吉他是伙伴，而不只是一个东西，不要在舞台上砸吉他，所以这个故事告诉我们保管好我们的工具。故选D。 B A fine rain falls on the tomb-sweeping day, All mourners are heartbroken on their way. “A wine shop to rid my sorrow, but where?” A cowherd points Apricot Cot “Over there.” ① ________ is about the Qingming Festival. It is a traditional festival and usually on April 4th or 5th. It’s the time for Chinese people to honor their lost family members. ② Traditionally, people show their missing by burning spirit money (纸钱). However, in order to protect the environment, some people think of new ways to make the festival greener this year. ③ When people visit tombs, they now take flowers, the wind-bells or food instead of spirit money. ④ People can also join in online memorial activities, such as giving flowers, lighting candles and writing articles to remember the dead family members and friends. ⑤ In some cities, when visiting tombs, many people help tomb sweepers bring fresh flowers and take away their spirit money. “It’s a good, environment-friendly and green idea. I will try it this time,” said a tomb visitor, Mr Zhang, in Sanya. ⑥ People like these ideas because they can both honor the dead and protect the environment. 1．What should we put in the blank? A．This poem B．This song C．This poster D．This letter 2．Which of the following is NOT a green way to honor the dead? A．Burning spirit money. B．Joining in online memorial activities. C．Lighting candles on the Internet. D．Taking flowers to visit tombs. 3．What does Mr Zhang from Sanya think of the green tomb-sweeping idea? A．He prefers traditional ways. B．He supports it. C．He dislikes it. D．He has no opinion. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤/⑥ B．①②/③④⑤/⑥ C．①/②/③④⑤/⑥ D．①②/③④/⑤⑥ 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文围绕清明节展开，先通过一首诗引出清明节，接着介绍传统祭祀方式及为保护环境出现的新绿色祭祀方式，还列举了人们采取的绿色祭祀行为及人们对绿色祭祀方式的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据后文“‘A wine shop to rid my sorrow, but where?’ A cowherd points Apricot Cot ‘Over there.’”可知，这是一首诗的内容，所以空白处应填“This poem”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Traditionally, people show their missing by burning spirit money (纸钱). However, in order to protect the environment, some people think of new ways to make the festival greener this year.”可知，烧纸钱是传统方式，不是绿色祭祀方式，而参加网上纪念活动、在网上点蜡烛、带鲜花去扫墓都属于绿色祭祀方式。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“‘It’s a good, environment-friendly and green idea. I will try it this time,’ said a tomb visitor, Mr Zhang, in Sanya.”可知，三亚的张先生认为这是个绿色环保的好主意，他这次会尝试，说明他支持绿色扫墓的想法。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段通过一首诗引出清明节这个话题；第二段单独一段介绍传统祭祀方式及为保护环境出现新绿色祭祀方式的背景；第三、四、五段具体介绍绿色祭祀的方式及人们采取的绿色祭祀行为；第六段总结人们喜欢这些绿色祭祀想法的原因。所以文章结构是①/②/③④⑤/⑥。故选C。 二、完形填空 A long time ago, there was a family living on the foothills of Mountain Li. They made their living by 1 . They were kind and helpful. One day, a fortuneteller (算命先生) visited their home and asked them to allow him to stay over for a night. Although the family was not 2 , all members welcomed him and gave him a delicious meal. During the night the family 3 on the floor to provide him with the only bed. While leaving the next day, the fortuneteller told them to leave the farm and climb Mountain Li on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month and not to 4 until noon. The family followed his 5 and brought chrysanthemum wine and Chongyang cakes to enjoy the trip to the mountain. However, at noon, great floods (洪水) in the valley carried away all the 6 so the villagers became homeless. Then the family knew the fortuneteller 7 the whole family. This is one of the 8 about the Chongyang Festival. 9 this festival is a day to encourage people to show love and respect for the old people. The day is also a way to tell the old people to 10 when the weather is getting a bit cold. Now young people often come back to their lonely parents and enjoy the lovely scenery of autumn. 1．A．fishing B．farming C．driving D．writing 2．A．rich B．clever C．careful D．happy 3．A．ate B．talked C．slept D．played 4．A．laugh B．return C．drink D．discuss 5．A．example B．rule C．way D．advice 6．A．houses B．plants C．bridges D．chickens 7．A．supported B．forgot C．left D．saved 8．A．stories B．places C．dates D．poems 9．A．Sadly B．Easily C．Traditionally D．Finally 10．A．drink water B．take care C．make money D．do housework 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 【解析】本文是一个关于重阳节起源的民间故事。 1．句意：他们以务农为生。 fishing钓鱼；farming务农；driving驾驶；writing写作。根据后文“leave the farm”可知他们以务农为生。故选B。 2．句意：虽然这家人并不富裕，但所有成员都欢迎他，并给了他一顿美味的饭菜。 rich富有的；clever聪明的；careful仔细的；happy开心的。根据“Although…all members welcomed him and gave him a delicious meal”可知虽然不富有，但是欢迎他并给他美味的食物。故选A。 3．句意：晚上，家人睡在地板上，把唯一的床让给他。 ate吃；talked谈论；slept睡觉；played玩。根据“on the floor to provide him with the only bed”可知家人睡在地板上，把床给他。故选C。 4．句意：第二天离开时，算命先生告诉他们在农历九月初九离开农场，爬上李山，直到中午才能回来。 laugh笑；return返回；drink喝；discuss讨论。根据“leave the farm and climb Mountain Li on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month and not to...until noon”可知是离开农场去爬山，直到中午才能回来。故选B。 5．句意：这家人听从了他的建议，带着菊花酒和重阳糕去享受登山之旅。 example例子；rule规则；way方法；advice建议。根据“The family followed his...”可知是听从了他的建议。故选D。 6．句意：然而，中午时分，山谷中的大洪水冲走了所有的房屋，村民们无家可归。 houses房子；plants植物；bridges桥；chickens鸡。根据“so the villagers became homeless”可知洪水冲走了房子。故选A。 7．句意：然后这家人知道算命先生救了他们全家。 supported支持；forgot忘记；left离开；saved拯救。根据“great floods (洪水) in the valley carried away all the...so the villagers became homeless”可知洪水冲走了房子，他们听从了算命先生的建议，所以是算命先生救了他们。故选D。 8．句意：这是关于重阳节的故事之一。 stories故事；places地方；dates日期；poems诗。根据“about the Chongyang Festival”可知是关于重阳节的故事。故选A。 9．句意：传统上，这个节日是鼓励人们表达对老年人的爱和尊重的日子。 Sadly悲伤地；Easily容易地；Traditionally传统上；Finally最终。根据“this festival is a day to encourage people to show love and respect for the old people. The day is also a way to”可知后面在讲述这个节日的传统内容。故选C。 10．句意：这一天也是告诉老人在天气变冷时要照顾好自己的方式。 drink water喝水；take care照顾；make money赚钱；do housework做家务。根据“when the weather is getting a bit cold”可知天气变冷要照顾好自己。故选B。 还原文章 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从方框内的五个选项中选择四个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。 10-year-old Mike is famous as a young cook. He started cooking at an early age. When he was four, he became interested in cooking. 1 At the age of six, he could make some simple dishes like vegetable salad. One year later, he could make a fruit pie all by himself. 2 His parents really like the dishes and they are glad that they don’t have to make dinner every day. One day his parents shared some of Mike’s cooking videos online. 3 A lot of people watched and liked them very much. Many people want to know how to become good at cooking from this young cook. “I don’t go to cooking classes. Sometimes I watch videos on the phone. And I often read books about cooking,” he said. 4 “If the food is not good enough this time, you can try to cook it in another way next time,” he said. “You can’t expect to be good at it in a day.” Mike really enjoys himself in cooking. He will keep learning and trying to improve himself. A．Soon, Mike got popular on the Internet. B．He wants to have his own cooking show. C．Now, Mike often prepares (准备) dishes for his family. D．He believes the best way is to practice as much as possible (尽可能多地). E．He started helping his mom in the kitchen when he was five. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．A 4．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了10岁小厨师Mike的烹饪经历以及他对于烹饪的看法。 1．根据“When he was four, he became interested in cooking.”以及“At the age of six, he could make some simple dishes like vegetable salad.”可知，此处应是介绍Mike五岁时的情况，选项E“他五岁时就开始在厨房帮妈妈干活了。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“His parents really like the dishes and they are glad that they don’t have to make dinner every day.”可知，此处应是说Mike为家人做饭，选项C“现在，Mike经常为家人准备饭菜。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“One day his parents shared some of Mike’s cooking videos online.”以及“A lot of people watched and liked them very much.”可知，此处应是说Mike在网上变得受欢迎，选项A“很快，Mike在网上走红了。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“I don’t go to cooking classes. Sometimes I watch videos on the phone. And I often read books about cooking”以及“If the food is not good enough this time, you can try to cook it in another way next time”可知，此处应是介绍Mike对于如何提高厨艺的看法，选项D“他认为最好的方法是尽可能多地练习。”符合语境。故选D。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业03 形容词和副词 考点一 形容词和副词的用法 · 知识积累 形容词 形容词是英语常用的词类之一，简称adj. ，是用于描述人或事物的性质、特征、属性及状态的一类词语，在句子中最常见的功能是充当表语、定语或补语，主要用来修饰名词，例如： The train is green. 这个火车是绿色的。（green在句子中充当表语，修饰train） The old train is green. 这个老火车是绿色的。（old在句子中充当定语，同样修饰train） 副词 在英语中，副词用于表示行为或状态的特征，常在句中充当状语，主要用以修饰动词（动作）等，简称adv。此外副词还可以用来修饰形容词、副词或全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。副词可分为：时间副词、频率副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词等。例如： She studies hard. 她努力学习。（副词hard修饰动词studies） Your spoken English is very good！ 你的英语口语非常好！（副词very修饰形容词good） Tom gets up really early. 汤姆起的真的很早。（副词really修饰副词early） Finally, we will have a bright future, 最后，我们将有一个光明的未来。（副词finally修饰全句） 考点二 频度副词 · 知识积累 英语中用来表示动作或状态的频率的副词称为“频度（频率）副词”，下图是常见的频度副词所代表的频率 always 总是 100% usually 通常 80%-90% often 经常 50%-70% sometimes 有时 20%-40% seldom 很少 10%-20% hardly 几乎不 ＜10% never 从不 0% · 用法归纳 在英语句子中，频度副词的位置一般位于行为动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后，例如： He is seldom free. 他很少空闲。 I will never forget this film. 我永远不会忘了这个电影。 We should always follow the rules at school. 我们应该总是在学校遵守规定。 I often go to the library. 我经常去图书馆。 【用法归纳】 · sometimes可以位于句首、句中或句末，often也可以放在句末，例如： Sometimes I do homework in the library. / I do homework in the library sometimes. I finish homework at school often. · 如果句中存在两个助动词，频度副词常常位于第一个助动词之后，例如： He has never been invented to the party. 他从未被邀请去派对。 考点三 形容词和副词的转换 ✎ adj ↔ adv转换规则： 规则 内容 例子 一般规则 形容词后加-ly构成副词 quick → quickly、slow → slowly 以-y结尾的形容词 变y为i加-ly happy → happily、easy → easily 以-le结尾的形容词 去e加-y simple → simply、gentle → gently 以-ll结尾的形容词 直接加-y full → fully 【易错提醒】 · 注意不是每一个以-ly结尾的单词都是副词，例如以下词汇词性为形容词： friendly 友好的，lovely 可爱的，lively 活泼的，daily 日常的，lonely 孤独的， ugly 丑陋的，likely 可能的 · 下列词汇形容词副词同形： early→early 早的，早期地 late→late 晚的，晚地 fast→fast 快速的，快速地 straight→straight 笔直的，径直地 hard→hard adj. 努力的，辛苦的，艰难的，坚硬的 / adv. 努力地，辛苦地，艰难地 daily adj. 日常的 / adv. 每日 likely adj. 可能的 / adv. 大概 · 形容词后加-ly变为副词时，有时意思会截然不同，例如： hard adj. 努力的，辛苦的，艰难的，坚硬的 → hardly adv. 几乎不 close adj. 接近的，亲密的 / adv. （时间或空间）接近地 → closely 严密地 simple adj. 简单的 → simply adv. 简单地，仅仅，简直 wide adj. 宽的，广泛的 → widely adv. 广泛地 deep adj. 深的，厚的 / adv. 深深地 → deeply adv. 很，非常，深刻地 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．I ________ go to the art museum because I like painting. A．often B．hardly C．never D．ever 2．—What do you _______ eat for your birthday dinner, David? —Birthday noodles. They are a symbol of long life. A．well B．even C．usually D．already 3．—How often do you drink coffee? —I _______ drink coffee. It is not good for my health. A．often B．usually C．sometimes D．never 4．Alice is ________ helping others. So many people like her very much. A．usually B．always C．often D．sometimes 5．Millie’s mother is busy with her work every day, so she ________ has time to go shopping with her daughter on weekends. A．always B．usually C．often D．seldom 6．My father ________ watches TV after dinner. He likes news programs (节目). A．often B．never C．sometimes D．ever 7．Jerry ________ checks his bag before going to bed, so he ________ forgets his homework. A．sometimes; always B．usually; often C．never; seldom D．always; seldom 8．Alice thinks geography is ________, and she can ________ understand her teacher in class. A．hard; hardly B．hardly; hardly C．hard; hard D．hardly; hard 9．This kind of milk tastes ________, but there is ________ in the fridge, we need to buy some. A．good; a little B．well; little C．good; little D．good; few 10．In the forest fire, many animals went into the river to keep ________. A．alive B．lives C．lively D．to live 11．— Good ________ to you, Peter! — Thank you! I’m always a ________ boy. A．lucky; luck B．luck; lucky C．lucky; lucky D．luck; luck 12．—How do you like the Beijing Opera show? —I think it is _________ and I really enjoy it. A．enough wonderful B．wonderful enough C．enough wonderfully D．wonderfully enough 13．—Do you eat a ________ breakfast? —Yes, I do. I eat ________ every morning. A．well, well B．good, well C．good, good D．well, good 14．The wind sometimes blows ________. A．strong B．hard C．heavily D．strongly 15．Every day he works _______ and _______. A．busy, late B．busily, lately C．busily, late D．busy, lately 16．It will be ________ in London tomorrow. A．rain B．snow C．cloud D．windy 17．I’m ________, and I have a ________ sister. A．15 year old; 16-year-old B．15 years old; 16-year-old C．15-year-old; 16 years old D．15 year old; 16 year old 18．I have a ________ volleyball and I can play it ________. A．good, good B．well, well C．well, good D．good, well 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Zoe ____________ (usual) goes to the park and paints with friends on Saturday. 2．You should be very ____________ (thank) to people who once helped you out. 3．The stars shine ____________ (bright) in the night sky, making it look magical. 4．He devotes himself to ____________ (medicine) research. 5．Their ____________ (culture) backgrounds gave them a spirit of adventure. 6．She always drinks water when she’s ____________ (thirst). 7．The night ____________ (look) bright and ____________ (colour) under fireworks. 8．My father ____________ cleans the room on weekends. (usual) 9．Jim goes to bed so early today. This is very ____________ (usual). He always stays up late. 10．This morning the traffic was ____________ (crowd) so I was late for work. 11．I was so ____________ (shock) that I couldn’t speak. 12．Our school is going to hold the ____________ (five) Culture Festival. 一、阅读理解 A Diego was looking at the old guitar on the wall of his house. The guitar had an old story. Diego’s grandfather, Miguel, played it everywhere he went. His playing was so good that people came to listen whenever he played it. Diego knew this story well. He wanted to be like his grandfather. So, he started to learn to play the guitar when he was little. After he grew up, he had his own band. So, his grandfather gave him the guitar as a gift. Diego’s grandfather saw how some musicians smashed their guitars on the stage (舞台) during big rock shows. He didn’t like this. He thought people should take care of their guitars. “Promise me you’ll never do this to our guitar,” he said to Diego. “Of course,” said Diego. Diego was now a big rockstar. Once he brought this guitar on the stage and played amazing songs with it. All his family were watching and felt very happy. At the end of the show, Diego got so excited that he lifted (举起) the guitar in the air. When everyone thought that he was going to break it on the stage, he slowly took a bow (鞠躬). He always remembered what his grandfather told him, “If you really love rock, love your guitar, it is your companion (伙伴), not just a thing.” Diego kept his word. He showed his love for rock music. 1．When did Diego start to learn the guitar? A．When he was young. B．After he grew up. C．After he joined a band. D．When he got a guitar as a gift. 2．What does the underlined word “smashed” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Played with something carefully. B．Broke something hard. C．Showed one’s care for something. D．Did some cleaning on something. 3．Which of the following can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Diego’s grandfather would be angry after the show. B．Miguel cared about the old guitar very much. C．Diego’s band members often smash guitars on stage. D．Diego thinks the guitar is only a tool for playing music. 4．What lesson does the story tell us? A．Listen to old men. B．It’s easy to be a music lover. C．It’s never too late to learn. D．Take care of your tools. B A fine rain falls on the tomb-sweeping day, All mourners are heartbroken on their way. “A wine shop to rid my sorrow, but where?” A cowherd points Apricot Cot “Over there.” ① ________ is about the Qingming Festival. It is a traditional festival and usually on April 4th or 5th. It’s the time for Chinese people to honor their lost family members. ② Traditionally, people show their missing by burning spirit money (纸钱). However, in order to protect the environment, some people think of new ways to make the festival greener this year. ③ When people visit tombs, they now take flowers, the wind-bells or food instead of spirit money. ④ People can also join in online memorial activities, such as giving flowers, lighting candles and writing articles to remember the dead family members and friends. ⑤ In some cities, when visiting tombs, many people help tomb sweepers bring fresh flowers and take away their spirit money. “It’s a good, environment-friendly and green idea. I will try it this time,” said a tomb visitor, Mr Zhang, in Sanya. ⑥ People like these ideas because they can both honor the dead and protect the environment. 1．What should we put in the blank? A．This poem B．This song C．This poster D．This letter 2．Which of the following is NOT a green way to honor the dead? A．Burning spirit money. B．Joining in online memorial activities. C．Lighting candles on the Internet. D．Taking flowers to visit tombs. 3．What does Mr Zhang from Sanya think of the green tomb-sweeping idea? A．He prefers traditional ways. B．He supports it. C．He dislikes it. D．He has no opinion. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤/⑥ B．①②/③④⑤/⑥ C．①/②/③④⑤/⑥ D．①②/③④/⑤⑥ 二、完形填空 A long time ago, there was a family living on the foothills of Mountain Li. They made their living by 1 . They were kind and helpful. One day, a fortuneteller (算命先生) visited their home and asked them to allow him to stay over for a night. Although the family was not 2 , all members welcomed him and gave him a delicious meal. During the night the family 3 on the floor to provide him with the only bed. While leaving the next day, the fortuneteller told them to leave the farm and climb Mountain Li on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month and not to 4 until noon. The family followed his 5 and brought chrysanthemum wine and Chongyang cakes to enjoy the trip to the mountain. However, at noon, great floods (洪水) in the valley carried away all the 6 so the villagers became homeless. Then the family knew the fortuneteller 7 the whole family. This is one of the 8 about the Chongyang Festival. 9 this festival is a day to encourage people to show love and respect for the old people. The day is also a way to tell the old people to 10 when the weather is getting a bit cold. Now young people often come back to their lonely parents and enjoy the lovely scenery of autumn. 1．A．fishing B．farming C．driving D．writing 2．A．rich B．clever C．careful D．happy 3．A．ate B．talked C．slept D．played 4．A．laugh B．return C．drink D．discuss 5．A．example B．rule C．way D．advice 6．A．houses B．plants C．bridges D．chickens 7．A．supported B．forgot C．left D．saved 8．A．stories B．places C．dates D．poems 9．A．Sadly B．Easily C．Traditionally D．Finally 10．A．drink water B．take care C．make money D．do housework 还原文章 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从方框内的五个选项中选择四个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。 10-year-old Mike is famous as a young cook. He started cooking at an early age. When he was four, he became interested in cooking. 1 At the age of six, he could make some simple dishes like vegetable salad. One year later, he could make a fruit pie all by himself. 2 His parents really like the dishes and they are glad that they don’t have to make dinner every day. One day his parents shared some of Mike’s cooking videos online. 3 A lot of people watched and liked them very much. Many people want to know how to become good at cooking from this young cook. “I don’t go to cooking classes. Sometimes I watch videos on the phone. And I often read books about cooking,” he said. 4 “If the food is not good enough this time, you can try to cook it in another way next time,” he said. “You can’t expect to be good at it in a day.” Mike really enjoys himself in cooking. He will keep learning and trying to improve himself. A．Soon, Mike got popular on the Internet. B．He wants to have his own cooking show. C．Now, Mike often prepares (准备) dishes for his family. D．He believes the best way is to practice as much as possible (尽可能多地). E．He started helping his mom in the kitchen when he was five. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $