专题03 八上易错点、形容词比较级和最高级 （寒假复习讲义）八年级英语新教材人教版

专题03 八上易错点、形容词比较级和最高级 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 八上易错点 形容词比较级和最高级 1.in order to 2.protect 3.play an important role in 4.易混辨析 except、except for、besides 与 but 5.mix 6.dream 7.memory 8.separate 9.born 10.yourself 1.形容词的句法功能 2.比较级和最高级的构成规则 3.比较等级的用法 重点01 八上易错点 1.in order to in order to=so as to;后接短语或者动词 in order that=so that;后接从句 （1）为了能赶上首班公交车，我们很早就起床了 We got up early in order to catch the first bus. = We got up early _________ we could catch the first bus. （2）In order_________for the competition, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. A. not to be late B. not being late C. to be late D. being late 【答案】（1）in order that/ so that；（2）A 2.protect protect v.保护→protection n.保护 protect... from doing=keep...from doing =stop....from doing保护⋯免受⋯⋯伤害 3.play an important role in ①act/play the role of...扮演...的角色 ②play a role in. 在....中扮演角色/发挥作用 （1） 她在剧中扮演麦克白夫人这一角色。 She _________ ________ _________ _________ Lady Macbeth in the play. （2）他被邀请在这部电视剧里扮演一个角色。 He was invited to _________ ________ _________ _________ this TV play. 【答案】（1）acted/played the role of （2）play a role in 4.易混辨析 except、except for、besides 与 but 的用法区别 except 表示“除了⋯…之外”。常用于指从整体中除掉一部分，可概括为“排除在外”。不可用于句首。 except for 表示“除了……之外”。相当于except，可强调整体中的不足之处，可概括为“美中不足"。可用于句首。 besides 表示“除⋯⋯之外（还）”。表示整体中包括了除去的那部分，可概括为“包含在内”。可用于句首。 but 表示“除⋯⋯之外”，常与 no one、none、nothing 等连用，可与 except 互换。 All the students have gone to the science museum____A___Tom. Because he is ill. A. except B. besides C. expect 5.mix ①mix... with...把...和....混合 ②mix up混合 （1）把所有的沙拉都混合起来。 ________ ________all the salad. （2）让我们把水和面粉混合在一起。 Let’s ________ ________ _________ ________ the flour. 【答案】（1）Mix up；（2）mix the water with 6.dream dream 可作名词，意为“梦想”，是可数名词。 dream 还可以作动词，意为“做梦”。 ①dream about/of sb/sth梦到某人/某物 ②dream about/of doing sth梦想做某事 （1）我经常梦见你。 I usually ________ ________ _________. （2）她梦想有一辆车。 She ________ ________ _________ a car. 【答案】（1）dream about you；（2）dreams of having 7.memory ①memory n.记忆力 →memorize v.记忆；记住 ②lose one's memory失去记忆 （1）戴维经常忘记事情。他的记忆力差。 David often forgets things. His ____________ is poor. （2）记住这些单词很难。 It's hard to____________these words. 【答案】（1）memory；（2）memorize 8.separate ①separate from_分离 ②separate A from B把A与B分开 （1）他们两个都不想和彼此分离。 Both of them don't want to___________ ___________each other. （2）你最好把旧的衣服跟新的分开。 You'd better ___________ the old clothes___________the new ones. 【答案】（1）separate from；（2）separate； from 9.born born 可作动词，意为“出生”，还可作形容词，意为“天生的”。 •be born with sth 生来就有某种疾病/性格 • be born + adj.生来... （1） 简天生心脏衰弱。 Jane ________ ________ _________ a weak heart. （2）我生来就耳聋。 I ________ ________ _________. 【答案】（1）was born with； （2）was born deaf 10.yourself 反身代词 我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己 我们自己 你们自己 他们自己 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 常考短语： 靠自己____________________ 自学____________________ 照顾自己____________________ 请自便____________________ 玩得开心____________________ 自己穿衣____________________ 【答案】by oneself;help oneself;look after oneself;help oneself to;enjoy oneself;dress oneself 重点02 形容词比较级和最高级 知识精讲 ( 考点一 形容词的句法功能 ) 形容词通常用于修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、特征和状态。其句法功能如下： 功能 用法 作定语 通常置于名词的前面，修饰中心名词。例：He is a clever boy. 作表语 位于连系动词后，构成系表结构。例：The beautiful flower smells very nice. 作宾语补足语 位于及物动词find、make、think、keep等后，说明宾语的性质、状态或特征。例：I find it easy to learn English. 【拓展】 (1)形容词修饰something、anything、nothing、everything、someone、anyone等不定代词或somewhere、anywhere等不定副词时，要放在这些词的后面。 There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper. 今天的报纸上没有什么有趣的内容。 (2)“基数词－表示长、宽、高或年龄的单数名词-形容词”构成复合形容词，作定语修饰名词。 He is an eight-year-old boy. 他是一个8岁的男孩。 形容词的比较级和最高级的变化形式 ( 考点 二 比较级和最高级的构成规则 ) (1) 规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词末一般直接加­er和­est great greater greatest 单音节词以­e结尾，只加­r和­st brave wide braver wider bravest widest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需先双写这个辅音字母，再加­er和­est big hot bigger hotter biggest hottest 以辅音字母加­y结尾的词，先变­y为­i，再加­er和­est happy happier happiest 多音节词和少数双音节词在前面加more和most difficult more difficult most difficult 少数以­er，­ow结尾的双音节词，加­er和­est clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest 【注意】 (1) 有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加­er和­est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是：common, handsome, polite, quiet, wicked, pleasant, cruel, stupid, tired和以­ow，­er结尾的词。 (2) 有些形容词没有程度可分，或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)，excellent(优秀的)，possible(可能的)，empty(空的)，favorite(最爱的)，perfect(完美的)等。 (2) 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, ill worse worst many, much许多的 more most little less least far farther距离远的 farthest距离最远 far further距离更远；程度更胜 furthest距离最远；程度最深 old older/elder oldest/eldest 【注意】elder 不能与than连用，只能用作定语修饰名词，仅用于同辈之间的排行，即家庭成员的长幼关系，如：elder sister(姐姐)，elder brother(哥哥) ( 考点 三 比较等级的用法 ) (1)原级 ①as＋形容词/副词原级＋as Miss Gao works as hard as Mr. Wang.高小姐和王先生工作一样努力。 ②not＋as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as English is not so difficult as Chinese.英语不如汉语难。 (2)比较级 ①形容词/副词比较级＋than The work is more important than you thought.这项工作比你想的更重要。 ②Which(What， Who)...＋比较级， A or B？ Which do you like better， the dumplings or noodles？ 饺子和面条，你更喜欢吃哪个？ ③A＋be＋the＋形容词比较级＋of＋the two(＋名词). He is the older of the two students.他是两位学生中较大的一个。 ④“比较级＋and＋比较级...”表示“越来越……”。 China has developed more and more quickly.中国发展得越来越快。 ⑤“the＋比较级...， the＋比较级...”意为“越……，就越……”，表示某一事物特征随另一事物变化而变化。 The harder you work， the better you will be.你工作越努力，你就会变得越好。 ⑥“形容词/副词比较级＋than any other＋可数名词单数(＋比较范围)”意为“比同一范围的其他任何一个人或物都……”，表示最高级含义。 John is taller than any other boy in the class.约翰比班里其他任何一位男孩都高。 【拓展】 ①形容词比较级前可加much、still、even、far、a little、a lot、a bit、any、two years、three times、one half等表示程度的词，用以加强语气。 We are living a much happier life than ever before.我们正过着比以前更幸福的生活。 ②倍数表达法 a.A＋be＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B. b.A＋be＋倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than B. c.A＋be＋倍数＋the size/height/width/length of B. This building is three times as tall as that one.这座建筑物是那座的三倍高。 (3)最高级 ①形容词/副词最高级＋of (in， among)＋比较范围 He runs fastest among these boys. 他是这些男孩中跑得最快的。 ②“主语＋be＋one of the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词＋of (in， among)＋比较范围.”表示“……是……中最……之一”。 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.黄河是中国最长的河流之一。 ③Which/Who...＋(the＋)最高级， A， B， or C？ Which is the longest pencil， red， green or blue？ 红色的、绿色的和蓝色的铅笔，哪一个是最长的？ ④the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋范围 Africa is the second largest continent in the world.非洲是世界第二大洲。 好题精练 一、按要求完成下列句子 1. Tom is the same height as Jack. (改为同义句 ) Tom is ______ ______ ______ Jack. 2. Larry is not as hard-working as Huang Lei. (改为同义句 ) Huang Lei is ______ ____________ than Larry. 3. Rita speaks more loudly than me. (改为同义句 ) I speak ______ ______ than Rita. 4. Jane arrives earlier than Kangkang. (改为同义句 ) Kangkang arrives ______ ______ Jane. 5. Tony has ten storybooks. Jimmy has five storybooks. (合并为一个句子 ) Tony has ______ storybooks ______ Jimmy. 【答案】1.as tall as；2.more hard-working；3.more quietly；4.later than；5.more; than 二、根据汉语意思补全句子 6. 事实胜于雄辩。Facts speak ______ ______ words. 7. 杰克吃得比原来少。他正试着减肥。Jack eats ______ ______ before. He’s trying to lose weight. 8. 许多发明使生活变得更好。Many inventions ______ our life ______ . 9. 中国人口比美国多。The population of China is ______ ______ ______ of America. 10. 长江比中国其他任何河流都长。The Yangtze River is ______ ______ any other river in China. 【答案】6.louder than；7.less than；8.make; better；9.larger than that；10.longer than 三、短文填空：阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空(有两项多余) different  favourite  friend  fun  good  library  play  same  start  tall  thing  young I’m ten years old and my name is Freddy. I love going to school because it is 11. _______. All the teachers are friendly and they always teach us useful 12._______ . My 13. ________ subject is geography and I enjoy the PE class. I have a sister, Susan. She is seven years old — three years 14. _______ than me, and she is really beautiful and lovely. Laura is one of my best 15. _______ . We live on the 16. _______ road, so we go to school together. Julio is also my friend. We sometimes 17. _______ basketball in the park or ride our bikes in the country. Julio is quite tall and he is 18. _______ than any other boy in our class. He is very funny, too. He tells me very funny stories. Julio’s parents are Mexican (墨西哥人 ). I get up at 8 o’clock because lessons 19. _______ at 8:45. On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, we study maths, French and history. Lunch is usually at 12:15 in the school dining hall. I often bring my lunchbox because my mom says homemade food is 20. _______ than other food. In the afternoon we usually have the art or IT class. 【答案】11.fun；12.things；13.favourite；14.younger；15.friends ；16.same；17.play；18.taller；19.start；20.better 真题感知 1．（2025·全国·二模）The cookies taste ________, so they sell ________. A．good; well B．good; good C．well; well D．well; good 【答案】A 【详解】句意：饼干味道很好，所以卖得很好。 考查形容词和副词的用法。good好的，是形容词；well好，是副词。第一空，taste是系动词，后接形容词good作表语；第二空，sell是动词，应用副词well修饰动词。故选A。 2．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）What a(n) ________ experience it was to explore the Forbidden City! I learned so much about ancient Chinese history. A．bore B．boring C．excited D．exciting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：探索故宫是一次多么令人兴奋的经历啊！我学到了很多关于中国古代历史的知识。 考查形容词和动词辨析。bore使厌烦（动词）；boring没趣的（形容词，常修饰物）；excited兴奋的（形容词，常修饰人）；exciting令人兴奋的（形容词，常修饰物）。空格处修饰名词experience，应用修饰物的形容词；结合“I learned so much about ancient Chinese history.”可推知，探索故宫的经历是“令人兴奋的”。故选D。 3．（2025·西藏·模拟预测）The old man lives ________, so he may feel ________. A．alone; lonely B．lonely; alone C．alone; alone D．lonely; lonely 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位老人独自生活，因此他可能感到孤独。 考查词义辨析。alone独自；lonely孤独的。空一处表示独自生活，用副词alone，修饰动词lives；空二处表示感到孤独，用lonely，作表语。故选A。 4．（2025·江西吉安·一模）—Everything was expensive in that shop. I bought this toy car. It was 350 yuan. —You are lucky. I saw the same one in a shop window. And the price was ________. A．more expensive B．lower C．cheaper D．higher 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——那家商店的东西都很贵。我买了这辆玩具车，它是350元。——你很幸运。我在一家商店的橱窗里看到一个同样的。而且价格更高。 考查形容词比较级。more expensive更昂贵的；lower更低的；cheaper更便宜的；higher更高的。根据语境可知，第二个人说“你很幸运”，暗示第一个人买的价格相对较低，因此第二个人看到的价格更高。价格通常用high或low描述，而非expensive或cheap，故选D。 5．（2025·江西吉安·模拟预测）—Peter, I can’t hear you over the loud music. —Well, I will speak a little ________ so that you can hear me. A．louder B．loudest C．more quietly D．most quietly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Peter，音乐太吵了，我听不见你说话。——好吧，我会说得稍微大声一点，这样你就能听见我了。 考查形容词比较级。louder更大；loudest最大；more quietly更安静地；most quietly最安静地。根据“I will speak a little...so that you can hear me.”可知，此处表示要说得更大声，用比较级。故选A。 6．（2025·云南玉溪·三模）—The service is very wonderful and the weather is quite fine here. —Yes, this holiday in Dali is so great. We have never had ________ one before. A．a better B．a good C．the better D．the best 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这里的服务非常棒，天气也相当好。——是的，这次大理的假期太棒了。我们以前从来没有过比这更好的假期。 考查形容词比较级和冠词。a表泛指；the表特指。“否定词＋形容词比较级”表示最高级含义，且此处表泛指，用不定冠词a，空处应是a better。故选A。 7．（2025·江苏常州·三模）—How was your job interview yesterday? —Oh, I couldn’t feel _____. I could hardly answer most of the questions they asked. A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天的面试怎么样？——我感觉不能再糟透了。他们问的大部分问题我都答不上来。 考查形容词作表语和形容词比较级。bad坏的，形容词原级；badly严重地，副词原级；worse更坏的，形容词比较级；worst最坏的，形容词最高级。根据答语“I could hardly answer most of the questions they asked.”可知，表达的是“我感觉没有比这更糟糕的了”，feel为感官系动词，后加形容词作表语。故选C。 8．（2025·吉林长春·模拟预测）Sam’s pet dog is _________ of all in the neighborhood. It brings the newspaper to Sam every morning. A．clever B．cleverer C．more cleverly D．the cleverest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：萨姆的宠物狗是邻居中最聪明的。它每天早上给山姆送报纸。 考查最高级。根据“Sam’s pet dog is…of all in the neighborhood”可知，此处填形容词最高级，表示“在邻居中所有的（狗）里”，萨姆的宠物狗是最聪明的，强调最高级范围，填the cleverest 。故选D。 9．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）Among all the subjects, physics is ________ for me. I often find it hard to understand. A．difficult B．more difficult C．most difficult D．the most difficult 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在所有科目中，物理对我来说是困难的。我经常发现它很难理解。 考查形容词最高级。difficult困难的，形容词原级；more difficult更困难的，比较级；most difficult最困难的，最高级；the most difficult最困难的。根据“Among all the subjects”可知，表明是最高级的比较，最高级前常加the。故选D。 10．（2025·吉林长春·一模）People think DeepSeek is one of ________ AI tools on the Internet. A．useful B．more useful C．most useful D．the most useful 【答案】D 【详解】句意：人们认为DeepSeek是互联网上最有用的人工智能工具之一。 考查最高级。此处是结构one of the+最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”。故选D。 11．（2025·广东汕头·二模）________ the old woman watched the picture of her dead uncle, ________ she felt. A．The more; sadder B．More; sadder C．The more; the sadder D．More; sadder 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位老妇人越是看着她去世叔叔的照片，心里就越难过。 考查比较级结构。The more越多；sad悲伤；More更多；sadder更悲伤；The sadder越悲伤。根据句子结构可知，此句为“the+比较级…, the+比较级…”结构，表示“越……，越……”。“more”是“much”或“many”的比较级，修饰动词“watched”表示“越多地看”；“the sadder”是“sad”的比较级，前加定冠词“the”表示“越伤心”。该结构固定且完整，必须有两个“the”。故选C。 综合提升练 （24-25八年级上·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese Tea China is the homeland of tea. Most Chinese people enjoy 1 (drink) tea. Tea is 2 (usual) drunk at tea houses and restaurants. It is also drunk at home. Drinking tea is good for 3 (we) health. There are many 4 (kind) of Chinese tea. And the most famous are green tea, white tea, yellow tea, oolong tea, black tea 5 dark tea. Changsha County is famous for Jinjing Green Tea. It comes from a beautiful place called Jinjing. It’s a type of green tea with tiny, curly leaves that look very pretty. Drinking Jinjing Green Tea is very good for you. It can make you 6 (feel) more awake and help you concentrate better in class. It also helps you relax after a busy day. Jinjing Green Tea is very famous and many people love to drink it. Now it’s time 7 (learn) about some rules: * You can’t drink tea before going to bed. * Drinking overnight tea (隔夜茶) is bad 8 us. * Don’t drink tea along with medicines. You may get 9 (bad). * When you are on 10 empty stomach (空腹), say no to tea. 【答案】1．drinking 2．usually 3．our 4．kinds 5．and 6．feel 7．to learn 8．for 9．worse 10．an 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国茶的种类、饮茶的益处以及饮茶时需要注意的事项。 1．句意：大多数中国人喜欢喝茶。enjoy doing sth“享受做某事”，故填drinking。   2．句意：茶通常在茶馆和餐厅饮用。根据“drunk”可知，此处用副词修饰动词，表示“通常”，故填usually。 3．句意：喝茶对我们的健康有好处。根据“health”可知，这里用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，表示“我们的健康”，故填our。 4．句意：中国茶有很多种类。根据“many”可知，这里表示“很多种类”，用复数形式，故填kinds。   5．句意：最著名的有绿茶、白茶、黄茶、乌龙茶、红茶和黑茶。 根据“And the most famous are green tea, white tea, yellow tea, oolong tea, black tea ...  dark tea.”可知，这里需要一个连词表示并列关系，故填and。   6．句意：它可以使你感觉更清醒。根据“It can make you”可知，make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”为固定搭配，故填feel。   7．句意：现在是时候学习一些规则了。根据“Now it’s time”可知，it’s time to do sth.“到做某事的时间了”为固定搭配，故填to learn。 8．句意：喝隔夜茶对我们有害。根据“is bad”可知，be bad for“对……有害”为固定搭配，故填for。   9．句意：你可能会变得更糟。 根据“get”可知，这里表示“变得更糟”，故填worse。   10．句意：当你空腹时，不要喝茶。on an empty stomach“空腹……”是固定搭配，故填an。 （2） （24-25八年级上·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese New Year is a time for decoration (装饰) and celebration. And one of the 1 (popular) traditions is cutting window flowers. These intricate (精美的) red paper cuttings are believed to bring good luck and 2 (happy) for the new year. To 3 (cut) window flowers, you need to prepare red paper, scissors, pencils and glue. Here’s a simple guide to create your own festive decorations. Firstly, choose your design (设计). Common designs include flowers, animals, and symbols 4 the Chinese character “福” (fu), meaning “good luck”. 5 (two), prepared the paper. Start with a square of red paper. Fold (折叠) it in half, then fold it again. The more folds, the more intricate (复杂的) your cutting will be. Thirdly, draw your design. 6 (light) outline (勾勒) your design on the folded paper. Keep the shapes simple, such as circles, 7 (heart), and so on. In fact, 8 (tradition) designs are often symmetrical (对称的). Then, cut the design. Carefully cut along the pencil lines. Be gentle, as the paper can be broken easily. The folds help create 9 (repeat) patterns when you unfold the paper. Finally, unfold (打开) 10 show. After cutting, unfold the paper to show your beautiful window flower. Put it on your window or wall with glue. The bright red paper is perfect for spreading festive cheer. 【答案】1．most popular 2．happiness 3．cut 4．like 5．Secondly 6．Lightly 7．hearts 8．traditional 9．repeated 10．to 【导语】本文讲述了中国春节时期的一个传统习俗——剪窗花。 1．句意：最受欢迎的传统之一是剪窗花。one of the+形容词最高级，表示“……中最……之一”，故填most popular。 2．句意：这些精美的红色剪纸被认为能为新年带来好运和幸福。and连接两个并列的名词，此处与“good luck”并列，故用名词happiness。故填happiness。 3．句意：为了剪窗花，你需要准备红纸、剪刀、铅笔和胶水。此处是不定式作目的状语，to后接动词原形，故填cut。 4．句意：常见的设计包括花、动物和像汉字“福”这样的符号，意为“好运”。此处表示举例，意为“像”，故用介词like。故填like。 5．句意：其次，准备纸张。根据“Firstly”可知此处表示顺序“其次”，故用副词Secondly。故填Secondly。 6．句意：在折叠的纸上轻轻地勾勒出你的设计。此处用副词lightly修饰动词outline，意为“轻轻地”。故填Lightly。 7．句意：保持形状简单，比如圆形、心形等等。此处列举形状，与circles并列，故用名词复数hearts。故填hearts。 8．句意：事实上，传统设计往往是对称的。此处用形容词traditional修饰名词designs，意为“传统的”。故填traditional。 9．句意：当你展开纸张时，折叠的部分会帮助创造出重复的图案。此处用形容词repeated修饰名词patterns，意为“重复的”。故填repeated。 10．句意：最后，展开以展示。此处是不定式作目的状语，意为“为了展示”，故填to。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 八上易错点、形容词比较级和最高级 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 八上易错点 形容词比较级和最高级 1.in order to 2.protect 3.play an important role in 4.易混辨析 except、except for、besides 与 but 5.mix 6.dream 7.memory 8.separate 9.born 10.yourself 1.形容词的句法功能 2.比较级和最高级的构成规则 3.比较等级的用法 重点01 八上易错点 1.in order to in order to=so as to;后接短语或者动词 in order that=so that;后接从句 （1）为了能赶上首班公交车，我们很早就起床了 We got up early in order to catch the first bus. = We got up early _________ we could catch the first bus. （2）In order_________for the competition, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. A. not to be late B. not being late C. to be late D. being late 2.protect protect v.保护→protection n.保护 protect... from doing=keep...from doing =stop....from doing保护⋯免受⋯⋯伤害 3.play an important role in ①act/play the role of...扮演...的角色 ②play a role in. 在....中扮演角色/发挥作用 （1） 她在剧中扮演麦克白夫人这一角色。 She _________ ________ _________ _________ Lady Macbeth in the play. （2）他被邀请在这部电视剧里扮演一个角色。 He was invited to _________ ________ _________ _________ this TV play. 4.易混辨析 except、except for、besides 与 but 的用法区别 except 表示“除了⋯…之外”。常用于指从整体中除掉一部分，可概括为“排除在外”。不可用于句首。 except for 表示“除了……之外”。相当于except，可强调整体中的不足之处，可概括为“美中不足"。可用于句首。 besides 表示“除⋯⋯之外（还）”。表示整体中包括了除去的那部分，可概括为“包含在内”。可用于句首。 but 表示“除⋯⋯之外”，常与 no one、none、nothing 等连用，可与 except 互换。 All the students have gone to the science museum____A___Tom. Because he is ill. A. except B. besides C. expect 5.mix ①mix... with...把...和....混合 ②mix up混合 （1）把所有的沙拉都混合起来。 ________ ________all the salad. （2）让我们把水和面粉混合在一起。 Let’s ________ ________ _________ ________ the flour. 6.dream dream 可作名词，意为“梦想”，是可数名词。 dream 还可以作动词，意为“做梦”。 ①dream about/of sb/sth梦到某人/某物 ②dream about/of doing sth梦想做某事 （1）我经常梦见你。 I usually ________ ________ _________. （2）她梦想有一辆车。 She ________ ________ _________ a car. 7.memory ①memory n.记忆力 →memorize v.记忆；记住 ②lose one's memory失去记忆 （1）戴维经常忘记事情。他的记忆力差。 David often forgets things. His ____________ is poor. （2）记住这些单词很难。 It's hard to____________these words. 8.separate ①separate from_分离 ②separate A from B把A与B分开 （1）他们两个都不想和彼此分离。 Both of them don't want to___________ ___________each other. （2）你最好把旧的衣服跟新的分开。 You'd better ___________ the old clothes___________the new ones. 9.born born 可作动词，意为“出生”，还可作形容词，意为“天生的”。 •be born with sth 生来就有某种疾病/性格 • be born + adj.生来... （1） 简天生心脏衰弱。 Jane ________ ________ _________ a weak heart. （2）我生来就耳聋。 I ________ ________ _________. 10.yourself 反身代词 我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己 我们自己 你们自己 他们自己 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 常考短语： 靠自己____________________ 自学____________________ 照顾自己____________________ 请自便____________________ 玩得开心____________________ 自己穿衣____________________ 重点02 形容词比较级和最高级 知识精讲 ( 考点一 形容词的句法功能 ) 形容词通常用于修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、特征和状态。其句法功能如下： 功能 用法 作定语 通常置于名词的前面，修饰中心名词。例：He is a clever boy. 作表语 位于连系动词后，构成系表结构。例：The beautiful flower smells very nice. 作宾语补足语 位于及物动词find、make、think、keep等后，说明宾语的性质、状态或特征。例：I find it easy to learn English. 【拓展】 (1)形容词修饰something、anything、nothing、everything、someone、anyone等不定代词或somewhere、anywhere等不定副词时，要放在这些词的后面。 There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper. 今天的报纸上没有什么有趣的内容。 (2)“基数词－表示长、宽、高或年龄的单数名词-形容词”构成复合形容词，作定语修饰名词。 He is an eight-year-old boy. 他是一个8岁的男孩。 形容词的比较级和最高级的变化形式 ( 考点 二 比较级和最高级的构成规则 ) (1) 规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词末一般直接加­er和­est great greater greatest 单音节词以­e结尾，只加­r和­st brave wide braver wider bravest widest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需先双写这个辅音字母，再加­er和­est big hot bigger hotter biggest hottest 以辅音字母加­y结尾的词，先变­y为­i，再加­er和­est happy happier happiest 多音节词和少数双音节词在前面加more和most difficult more difficult most difficult 少数以­er，­ow结尾的双音节词，加­er和­est clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest 【注意】 (1) 有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加­er和­est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是：common, handsome, polite, quiet, wicked, pleasant, cruel, stupid, tired和以­ow，­er结尾的词。 (2) 有些形容词没有程度可分，或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)，excellent(优秀的)，possible(可能的)，empty(空的)，favorite(最爱的)，perfect(完美的)等。 (2) 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, ill worse worst many, much许多的 more most little less least far farther距离远的 farthest距离最远 far further距离更远；程度更胜 furthest距离最远；程度最深 old older/elder oldest/eldest 【注意】elder 不能与than连用，只能用作定语修饰名词，仅用于同辈之间的排行，即家庭成员的长幼关系，如：elder sister(姐姐)，elder brother(哥哥) ( 考点 三 比较等级的用法 ) (1)原级 ①as＋形容词/副词原级＋as Miss Gao works as hard as Mr. Wang.高小姐和王先生工作一样努力。 ②not＋as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as English is not so difficult as Chinese.英语不如汉语难。 (2)比较级 ①形容词/副词比较级＋than The work is more important than you thought.这项工作比你想的更重要。 ②Which(What， Who)...＋比较级， A or B？ Which do you like better， the dumplings or noodles？ 饺子和面条，你更喜欢吃哪个？ ③A＋be＋the＋形容词比较级＋of＋the two(＋名词). He is the older of the two students.他是两位学生中较大的一个。 ④“比较级＋and＋比较级...”表示“越来越……”。 China has developed more and more quickly.中国发展得越来越快。 ⑤“the＋比较级...， the＋比较级...”意为“越……，就越……”，表示某一事物特征随另一事物变化而变化。 The harder you work， the better you will be.你工作越努力，你就会变得越好。 ⑥“形容词/副词比较级＋than any other＋可数名词单数(＋比较范围)”意为“比同一范围的其他任何一个人或物都……”，表示最高级含义。 John is taller than any other boy in the class.约翰比班里其他任何一位男孩都高。 【拓展】 ①形容词比较级前可加much、still、even、far、a little、a lot、a bit、any、two years、three times、one half等表示程度的词，用以加强语气。 We are living a much happier life than ever before.我们正过着比以前更幸福的生活。 ②倍数表达法 a.A＋be＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B. b.A＋be＋倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than B. c.A＋be＋倍数＋the size/height/width/length of B. This building is three times as tall as that one.这座建筑物是那座的三倍高。 (3)最高级 ①形容词/副词最高级＋of (in， among)＋比较范围 He runs fastest among these boys. 他是这些男孩中跑得最快的。 ②“主语＋be＋one of the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词＋of (in， among)＋比较范围.”表示“……是……中最……之一”。 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.黄河是中国最长的河流之一。 ③Which/Who...＋(the＋)最高级， A， B， or C？ Which is the longest pencil， red， green or blue？ 红色的、绿色的和蓝色的铅笔，哪一个是最长的？ ④the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋范围 Africa is the second largest continent in the world.非洲是世界第二大洲。 好题精练 一、按要求完成下列句子 1. Tom is the same height as Jack. (改为同义句 ) Tom is ______ ______ ______ Jack. 2. Larry is not as hard-working as Huang Lei. (改为同义句 ) Huang Lei is ______ ____________ than Larry. 3. Rita speaks more loudly than me. (改为同义句 ) I speak ______ ______ than Rita. 4. Jane arrives earlier than Kangkang. (改为同义句 ) Kangkang arrives ______ ______ Jane. 5. Tony has ten storybooks. Jimmy has five storybooks. (合并为一个句子 ) Tony has ______ storybooks ______ Jimmy. 二、根据汉语意思补全句子 6. 事实胜于雄辩。Facts speak ______ ______ words. 7. 杰克吃得比原来少。他正试着减肥。Jack eats ______ ______ before. He’s trying to lose weight. 8. 许多发明使生活变得更好。Many inventions ______ our life ______ . 9. 中国人口比美国多。The population of China is ______ ______ ______ of America. 10. 长江比中国其他任何河流都长。The Yangtze River is ______ ______ any other river in China. 三、短文填空：阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空(有两项多余) different  favourite  friend  fun  good  library  play  same  start  tall  thing  young I’m ten years old and my name is Freddy. I love going to school because it is 11. _______. All the teachers are friendly and they always teach us useful 12._______ . My 13. ________ subject is geography and I enjoy the PE class. I have a sister, Susan. She is seven years old — three years 14. _______ than me, and she is really beautiful and lovely. Laura is one of my best 15. _______ . We live on the 16. _______ road, so we go to school together. Julio is also my friend. We sometimes 17. _______ basketball in the park or ride our bikes in the country. Julio is quite tall and he is 18. _______ than any other boy in our class. He is very funny, too. He tells me very funny stories. Julio’s parents are Mexican (墨西哥人 ). I get up at 8 o’clock because lessons 19. _______ at 8:45. On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, we study maths, French and history. Lunch is usually at 12:15 in the school dining hall. I often bring my lunchbox because my mom says homemade food is 20. _______ than other food. In the afternoon we usually have the art or IT class. 真题感知 1．（2025·全国·二模）The cookies taste ________, so they sell ________. A．good; well B．good; good C．well; well D．well; good 2．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）What a(n) ________ experience it was to explore the Forbidden City! I learned so much about ancient Chinese history. A．bore B．boring C．excited D．exciting 3．（2025·西藏·模拟预测）The old man lives ________, so he may feel ________. A．alone; lonely B．lonely; alone C．alone; alone D．lonely; lonely 4．（2025·江西吉安·一模）—Everything was expensive in that shop. I bought this toy car. It was 350 yuan. —You are lucky. I saw the same one in a shop window. And the price was ________. A．more expensive B．lower C．cheaper D．higher 5．（2025·江西吉安·模拟预测）—Peter, I can’t hear you over the loud music. —Well, I will speak a little ________ so that you can hear me. A．louder B．loudest C．more quietly D．most quietly 6．（2025·云南玉溪·三模）—The service is very wonderful and the weather is quite fine here. —Yes, this holiday in Dali is so great. We have never had ________ one before. A．a better B．a good C．the better D．the best 7．（2025·江苏常州·三模）—How was your job interview yesterday? —Oh, I couldn’t feel _____. I could hardly answer most of the questions they asked. A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst 8．（2025·吉林长春·模拟预测）Sam’s pet dog is _________ of all in the neighborhood. It brings the newspaper to Sam every morning. A．clever B．cleverer C．more cleverly D．the cleverest 9．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）Among all the subjects, physics is ________ for me. I often find it hard to understand. A．difficult B．more difficult C．most difficult D．the most difficult 10．（2025·吉林长春·一模）People think DeepSeek is one of ________ AI tools on the Internet. A．useful B．more useful C．most useful D．the most useful 11．（2025·广东汕头·二模）________ the old woman watched the picture of her dead uncle, ________ she felt. A．The more; sadder B．More; sadder C．The more; the sadder D．More; sadder 综合提升练 （24-25八年级上·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese Tea China is the homeland of tea. Most Chinese people enjoy 1 (drink) tea. Tea is 2 (usual) drunk at tea houses and restaurants. It is also drunk at home. Drinking tea is good for 3 (we) health. There are many 4 (kind) of Chinese tea. And the most famous are green tea, white tea, yellow tea, oolong tea, black tea 5 dark tea. Changsha County is famous for Jinjing Green Tea. It comes from a beautiful place called Jinjing. It’s a type of green tea with tiny, curly leaves that look very pretty. Drinking Jinjing Green Tea is very good for you. It can make you 6 (feel) more awake and help you concentrate better in class. It also helps you relax after a busy day. Jinjing Green Tea is very famous and many people love to drink it. Now it’s time 7 (learn) about some rules: * You can’t drink tea before going to bed. * Drinking overnight tea (隔夜茶) is bad 8 us. * Don’t drink tea along with medicines. You may get 9 (bad). * When you are on 10 empty stomach (空腹), say no to tea. （2） （24-25八年级上·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese New Year is a time for decoration (装饰) and celebration. And one of the 1 (popular) traditions is cutting window flowers. These intricate (精美的) red paper cuttings are believed to bring good luck and 2 (happy) for the new year. To 3 (cut) window flowers, you need to prepare red paper, scissors, pencils and glue. Here’s a simple guide to create your own festive decorations. Firstly, choose your design (设计). Common designs include flowers, animals, and symbols 4 the Chinese character “福” (fu), meaning “good luck”. 5 (two), prepared the paper. Start with a square of red paper. Fold (折叠) it in half, then fold it again. The more folds, the more intricate (复杂的) your cutting will be. Thirdly, draw your design. 6 (light) outline (勾勒) your design on the folded paper. Keep the shapes simple, such as circles, 7 (heart), and so on. In fact, 8 (tradition) designs are often symmetrical (对称的). Then, cut the design. Carefully cut along the pencil lines. Be gentle, as the paper can be broken easily. The folds help create 9 (repeat) patterns when you unfold the paper. Finally, unfold (打开) 10 show. After cutting, unfold the paper to show your beautiful window flower. Put it on your window or wall with glue. The bright red paper is perfect for spreading festive cheer. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $