Unit 7 The natural world Grammar (课件）2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

该初中英语课件聚焦两种核心句型（S+V+IO+DO、S+V+DO+OC）及并列连词（and, but, or, so），通过“句子结构分析”导入，复习S+V+O等旧句型，搭建“复习-新授-转换-应用”学习支架，帮助学生逐步掌握语法知识。 其亮点在于采用结构化教学，如通过动词分类表（to/for搭配动词）、宾补形式表格梳理知识，培养语言能力；结合“生态系统”主题设计连词练习，将语法与主题融合提升思维品质。任务型输出活动（用句型和连词写生态系统内容）促进学习能力，学生可学以致用，教师可直接使用清晰活动设计提升教学效率。

Grammar Unit 7 The natural world 1 能够掌握并正确运用两种基本句型：S+V+IO+DO、S+V+DO+OC 能够掌握并正确使用and, but, or 和so Learning aims 2 Lead in 1.You love your family. 2.They read books every day. 3.Her brother has good manners. 4.The temperature drops. 5.The fish tastes nice. 6.Sam is a common boy. 说出下列句子的基本结构。 S+V S+V+O S+V+O S+V+O S+V+P S+V+P 3 Activity 1 Learn to use S+V+IO+DO、S+V+DO+OC Verbs and sentence structures (Ⅱ) Some verbs can take two objects, a direct object and an indirect object. S+V+O (indirect)+O(direct) → The sun gives ocean animals light and heat. S V O O We can change the order of the direct and indirect objects by using to or for. The sun gives light and heat to ocean animals. We should build a better home for local wildlife. 4 谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。有的谓语动词后面出现双宾语 (人)间接宾语和(物)直接宾语。 “主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”。在表达时，常常是间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。 He gave me a bike. This term, Mr. Wang teaches us Chinese. 在具体表达时,可以将直接宾语提前。如果直接宾语在前，间接宾语在后，要根据具体的意思在间接宾语前加上相应的介词。 My parents bought some storybooks for me. They gave a lot of storybooks to us. 主+谓+间宾+直宾（S + V + IO +DO）。 Nancy gave me a hat. IO (间接宾语 人) DO (直接宾语 物) Hobo built Eddie a tent. IO (间接宾语 人) DO (直接宾语 物) 在这一结构中，间接宾语可改成一个由to/ for引导的短语。 在双宾语句子中 间接宾语往往是人， 直接宾语往往是物。 These words are often used with to: give hand lend offer pass post read sell send show take teach tell write Tip 主+谓+sb.+sth.=主+谓+sth.+to+sb. I often lend him my book. =I often lend my book to him. give/hand/lend/offer pass/post/read/sell/ send/show/take/teach /tell/write +sb. sth. +sth. to sb. These words are often used with for: build buy cook find get leave make order pick prepare save Tip 主+谓+sb.+sth.=主+谓+sth.+for+sb. I often buy my sister some books. =I often buy some books for my sister. build/buy/cook/find get/leave/make/order /pick/prepare/save +sb. sth. +sth. for sb. 练习：用to/for填空 1.The boy often lends his dictionary _____ others. 2.We want to buy a present _____ our teacher. 3.Don’t give too much money _____ your son. 4. Please pass the form ______ next one. 5. My Mum always cook meals ______ me. to for to to for An object complement can also follow a direct object to give more information about the object. S+V+O (direct)+C→ The mother bird keeps the eggs safe. S V O C 宾语补足语(C或OC),简称宾补(宾语补足语用于补充说明宾语的情况) 补足语跟在宾语后，表明宾语的状态。 S + V + DO + OC. Forms of object complements Examples They named the cat Bob. I found the movie boring. They consider the idea theirs. They left him at home. I asked her to help. I saw him running. Noun or noun phrase Adjective Pronoun Prepositional phrase Infinitive Participle Summarize different forms of object complements The desert Deserts are difficult places for animals to live. Little rain and too much sunshine make deserts dry. Many desert plants give animals water. These plants store water in their leaves. Some animals feed on the leaves, and the water can keep them healthy. Quite a few desert plants also give animals food. Their flowers and fruits can provide animals with energy. S+V+O+O S+V+O+C S+V+O+C S+V+O+O Amy is writing about the desert. Read her writing and write the main structures of the underlined sentences using S+V+O+O or S+V+O+C. Practice Activity 2 Learn to use and, but, or, so We use conjunctions like and, but, or and so to join ideas together. Rainforests are hot. They get a lot of rain. Rainforests are hot, and they get a lot of rain. When joining more than two expressions,we usually only put and before the last. The desert is hot, dry and covered by sand. Oceans provide food for many animals, produce oxygen and store heat from the sun. We use but to join ideas that are different. This kind of fish can find enough space here. They can find little food. This kind of fish can find enough space here, but they can find little food. We use and to join similar or related ideas. Birds can live in the forest. They can also live in the wetland. Birds can live in the forest or in the wetland. In negative sentences, we use or to join two or more ideas. The deep ocean isn’t warm. The deep ocean isn’t bright. The deep ocean isn’t noisy. The deep ocean isn’t warm, bright or noisy. We use so to express the result of something. Deserts are dry. Some plants keep water in their leaves. Deserts are dry, so some plants keep water in their leaves. We use or to introduce another possibility. 从句子结构上来说，句子有三种：简单句、并列句和复合句。 ① 简单句有一个主语或多个主语和一个谓语；一个主语和多个谓语。 Apples, grapes and oranges are my favorite fruit. My mother cleaned the floor, spread the tablecloth and then prepared the dishes. ② 并列句是由并列连词连接的两个或多个简单句. We admire him and he thinks highly of us. I offer to help but she refused. Study hard, or you’ll fail. ③复合句指的是含有两个或更多的主谓结构的句子，复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的主语和谓语。 连词 and、but、or、so 的用法: 1.and:用于连接相似的想法或并列的成分,表示“和;并且”。 e.g. He is tall and strong.他又高又壮。 特殊情况:连接两个以上的表达时,通常只在最后一个前用 and。 e.g. The desert is hot, dry and covered by sand.沙漠炎热、干燥且被沙子覆盖。 2.but:用于连接不同的想法,表示转折,意为 “但是” 。 e.g. It's sunny today, but it's a little cold.今天天气晴朗，但有点冷。 This kind of fish can find enough space here, but they can find little food. 这种鱼在这里能找到足够的空间，但是几乎找不到食物。 3.or（或者;也不） 用法1:用于引出另一种可能性,表示“或者，否则”，在否定句中连接两个或多个并列成分。 e.g. You can go to the park or stay at home.你可以去公园或者待在家里。 用法2:在否定句中，连接两个或多个观点。 e.g. The deep ocean isn’t warm, bright or noisy.深海不温暖、不明亮，也不嘈杂。 4.so:表示结果,意为“所以；因此”。 e.g. He was ill, so he didn't go to school. 他生病了,所以没去上学。 Practice David is writing about ecosystems. Help him join his ideas using and, but, or and so. David is writing about ecosystems. Help him join his ideas using and, but, or and so. 1 Grasslands can be hot. Animals sit under the shade of trees. _____________________________________________________________ 2 Wetlands can have salt water. They can have fresh water. _____________________________________________________________ 3 There are forests in Asia. There are forests in Europe. _____________________________________________________________ 4 Deserts are dry. They are not always hot. _____________________________________________________________ 5 Some rainforest animals don’t like wind. They don’t like rain. ____________________________________________________________ Grasslands can be hot, so animals sit under the shade of trees. Wetlands can have salt water or fresh water. There are forests in Asia and Europe. Deserts are dry, but they are not always hot. Some rainforest animals don’t like wind or rain. Write about what you know about ecosystems using S+V+O+O and S+V+O+C. Use and, but, or and so to join your ideas. Summary ◆两大句型结构 ◆连词 and, but, or, so S+V+O+O S+V+O+C 1 Use to-infinitives to write five sentences on wild animal protection. 2 Preview the next period. Homework 21 $