Unit 7 The natural world Grammar 课件 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

Grammar Unit 7 The natural world A Verbs and sentence structures (Ⅱ) Some verbs can take two objects, a direct object and an indirect object. S+V+O (indirect)+O(direct) ——→ The sun gives ocean animals light and heat. S V O O 自主学习·教材剖析 We can change the order of the direct and indirect objects by using to or for. The sun gives light and heat to ocean animals. We should build a better home for local wildlife /'waɪldlaɪf/. 自主学习·教材剖析 TIP These verbs are often used with to: give hand lend offer pass post read sell send show take teach tell write 自主学习·教材剖析 An object complement can also follow a direct object to give more information about the object. S+V+O (direct)+C ——→ The mother bird keeps the eggs safe. They call the ocean the ”heart“ of the earth. We made the forest the topic /'tɒpɪk/ of this class. S V O C 自主学习·教材剖析 We can add an adverbial to the structures above. We use an adverbial to show when, where or how an action is done. The ocean provides a home for animals all year round. 自主学习·教材剖析 TIP These verbs are often used with for: build buy cook find get leave make order pick prepare save 自主学习·教材剖析 A1 Amy is writing about the desert. Read her writing and write the main structures of the underlined sentences using S+V+O+O or S+V+O+C. The desert Deserts are difficult places for animals to live. Little rain and too much sunshine make deserts dry. Many desert plants give animals water. These plants store the water in their leaves. S+V+O+C S+V+O+O 自主学习·教材剖析 Some animals feed on the leaves and the water can keep them healthy. Quite a few desert plants also give animals food. Their flowers and fruit can provide animals with energy. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ provide... with... 给……提供…… S+V+O+C S+V+O+O 自主学习·教材剖析 B Using and, but, or and so We use conjunctions like and, but, or and so to join ideas together. We use and to join ideas that are similar. Rainforests are hot. They get a lot of rain. Rainforests are hot, and they get a lot of rain. 自主学习·教材剖析 With more than two expressions, we usually only put and before the last. The desert is hot, dry and sandy/'sændi/. Oceans provide food for many animals, produce oxygen and store heat from the sun. 自主学习·教材剖析 We use but to join ideas that are different. This kind of fish can find enough space here. They can find little food. This kind of fish can find enough space here, but they can find little food. 自主学习·教材剖析 We use or to introduce another possibility. Birds can live in the forest. They can also live in the wetland. Birds can live in the forest or in the wetland. 自主学习·教材剖析 In negative sentences, we use or to join two or more ideas. The deep ocean isn’t warm. The deep ocean isn‘t bright. The deep ocean isn‘t noisy/'nɔɪzi/. The deep ocean isn’t warm, bright or noisy. 自主学习·教材剖析 We use so to express the result of something. Deserts are dry. Some plants keep water in their leaves. Deserts are dry, so some plants keep water in their leaves. 自主学习·教材剖析 B1 David is writing about ecosystems. Help him join his ideas using and, but, or and so. 1 Grasslands can be hot. Animals sit under the shade of trees. ___________________________________________________ 2 Wetlands can have salt water. They can have fresh water. ___________________________________________________ Grasslands can be hot, so animals sit under the shade of trees. Wetlands can have salt water or fresh water. 自主学习·教材剖析 3 There are forests in Asia. There are forests in Europe. ___________________________________________________ 4 Deserts are dry. They are not always hot. ___________________________________________________ 5 Some rainforest animals don‘t like wind. They don’t like rain. ___________________________________________________ There are forests in Asia and Europe. Deserts are dry, but they are not always hot. Some rainforest animals don’t like wind or rain. 自主学习·教材剖析 noisy /'nɔɪzi/ adj. 充满噪声的；吵闹的 (教材P99) (观察)· The street outside our school is very noisy. 我们学校外面的街道很吵。 · Look at the noisy children. Ask them to play outside. 看那些吵闹的孩子。让他们到外面去玩。 · The party was too noisy for me, with too many people and loud music. 聚会对我来说太吵，人太多，音乐太响。 探究一 核心单词 合作探究·教材重点 归纳拓展 noisy 是形容词，由名词noise 变化而来。主要表达以下几种意思：(1) 噪音大或喧闹的；(2) 指环境或事物发出噪音；(3) 指人的话太多或活动过多；(4) 描述过于复杂或混乱的场景。 · You can’t make noise here. The baby is sleeping. 你们不能在这里制造噪音，婴儿在睡觉。 合作探究·教材重点 学会运用1: —Peter, the music sounds too _________ (noise). Please turn it down. —Sorry, I’ll do it at once. 学会表达2: 我们不应当在学校图书馆里制造噪音。 We shouldn’t _________ _________ in the school library. noisy make noise 合作探究·教材重点 1 too much 太多(教材P98) (观察)· Don’t spend too much time on your smart phone. 不要在手机上花费太多时间。 · Don’t play games too much. 不要玩太多游戏。 · It’s much too cold today. Let’s stay at home. 今天太冷了。我们待在家里吧。 · There are too many people on the bus. It’s very crowded. 公交车上人太多了。非常拥挤。 探究二 核心短语 合作探究·教材重点 辨析: too much, much too 与too many too much 意为“太多”，修饰不可数名词，表达数量多。也可修饰动词或整个句子，表示“过分地”。 much too 意为“太……”，修饰形容词或副词，表示程度大。 too many 意为“太多”，修饰可数名词复数，表示数量多。 合作探究·教材重点 学会运用1: It’s bad for your teeth to eat ________ sugar every day. A. too many B. many too C. much too D. too much 学会表达2: 他看电视的时间太多。 He spends __________ __________ time watching TV. 学会表达3: 这件衬衫太贵，我不能买。 The shirt is __________ __________ expensive and I can’t buy it. D too much much too 合作探究·教材重点 2 quite a few 相当多，不少( 教材P98) (观察)· Quite a few students took part in the sports meeting. 相当多的学生参加了运动会。 · You can see quite a few books on the shelf. 在书架上你能看到相当多的书。 合作探究·教材重点 归纳拓展 quite a few 表示存在一定数量的人或物，这个数量比a few 要多，但还没有达到many 的程度。其后面要使用可数名词复数。 合作探究·教材重点 学会运用4: Tom has been in Shanghai for five years, so he has _________ Chinese friends. A. few B. a little C. quite few D. quite a few 学会表达5: 好多天过去了，但他依然没有出现。 _________ _________ _________ days have passed, but he still hasn’t come out. D Quite a few 合作探究·教材重点 $$