Unit 4 Space Exploration三-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册期末词汇复习（人教版）

期末词汇复习 必修三·人教版·Unit4 Space Exploration三 一、重点单词详解 1:devote 一、核心考点 词性：动词(t.) 核心义：致力于；献身于；专心于 二、构词法（词汇变形） 词根：vot(=vow,发誓)，de-（加强语气)→“发誓投入”→献身 形容词：devoted(忠诚的；献身的) 名词：devotion(献身；热爱；虔诚) 三、用法与常见搭配 固定搭配：devote oneself to(doing)sth.(致力于/献身于某事) devote sth.to(doing)sth.(把时间/精力等用于某事) 四、辨析 devote vs.dedicate:两者均含献身”义，但dedicate更强调“正式承诺’（如dedicate a book to sb.题献)，devote侧重持续投入”（如devote life to research)。 例：She devoted herself to helping the poor.(她毕生致力于帮助穷人。) 2:contribute 核心考点 词性：动词(i.&vt) 核心义：贡献；捐助；促成：投稿 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：ribute（贡品；贡献)，con-（共同)→共同给予”→贡献 名词：contribution（贡献；捐款；稿件) 形容词：contributive(有贡献的) 三、用法与常见搭配 contribute to sth.（促成某事；有助于；捐献) contribute sth.to sth.（向..捐献某物；向..投稿) 四、拓展 to为介词，后接名词或动名词：Smoking contributes to lung cancer.(吸烟导致肺癌。) 例：He contributed an article to the magazine.(他向该杂志投稿一篇文章。) 3:commit 一、核心考点 词性：动词(vt.) 核心义：承诺；保证；犯（罪、错）：i.忠于；全心全意投入 二、构词法（词汇变形） 名词：commitment(承诺；献身；犯罪) 形容词：committed(坚定的；忠诚的) 三、用法与常见搭配 commit oneself to(doing)sth.（承诺/致力于做某事) commit a crime/mistake(犯罪/犯错) commit suicide（自杀，注意用主动语态) 四、辨析 commit vs..promise:commit强调“正式承诺且付诸行动”，promise侧重“口头保证”。 例：He committed himself to improving the environment..（他承诺改善环境。) 4:ambitious 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：有雄心的：有抱负的：野心勃勃的 构词法（词性转换） 名词：ambition(雄心：抱负；野心) 三、用法与常见搭配 be ambitious for sth.(渴望某物) be ambitious to do sth.(渴望做某事) 四、辨析 褒贬性：可表褒义有抱负的”(an ambitious plan宏伟计划)或贬义“野心勃勃的”(an ambitious politician野心家)。 例：She is ambitious to become a CEO.(她立志成为首席执行官。) 5:inspire 、 核心考点 词性：动词(t.) 核心义：鼓舞；激励；启发思考 二、构词法（词汇变形） 名词：inspiration（灵感；鼓舞人心的人/事物) 形容词：inspired（受鼓舞的：有灵感的)；inspiring（鼓舞人心的) 三、用法与常见搭配 inspire sb.to do sth.(激励某人做某事) inspire sth.imsb.(在某人心中激起某种情感) 四、辨析 inspired vs.inspiring:-ed表感到..的”(inspired workers受鼓舞的工人)；-ing表“令 人.的”(inspiring speech鼓舞人心的演讲)。 例：His words inspired us to keep trying.(他的话激励我们继续努力。) 6:curious 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：好奇的；求知欲强的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：curiosity(好奇心；求知欲) 副词：curiously(好奇地) 三、用法与常见搭配 be curious about sth.(对某事好奇) be curious to do sth.(渴望做某事，想知道) 四、注意 curiosity构成短语out of curiosity（出于好奇)：I asked out of curiosity.（我因好奇而问。) 例：Children are naturally curious about everything.（f孩子天生对一切好奇。) 7:eager 核心考点 词性：形容词（ad.) 核心义：渴望的：热切的 二、构词法（词汇变形） 副词：eagerly(热切地) 名词：eagemess(渴望) 三、 用法与常见搭配 be eager to do sth.(渴望做某事) be eager for sth.(渴望某物) 四、辨析 eager vs.anxious:eager表积极的渴望”，anxious含焦虑的期待”。 例：They are eager for success.(他们渴望成功。) 8:dedication 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：奉献：献身：忠诚 构词法（词性转换） 动词：dedicate(致力于；题献) 固定搭配：dedicate.to..(致力于；题献) 三、用法 不可数名词：Her dedication to teaching is impressive..(她对教学的奉献令人敬佩。) 四、拓展 与devotion近义，但dedication更强调长期专注的投入”。 例：The project requires great dedication.(该项目需要全身心投入。) 9:inspiration 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：灵感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：inspire(鼓舞；启发) 形容词：inspiring（鼓舞人心的) 三、用法 既可数（鼓舞人心的人/事”）也不可数(“灵感)： -不可数：He drew inspiration from nature.(他从自然中汲取灵感。) -可数：She is an inspiration to us all.(她是我们所有人的榜样。) 例：Poets often get inspiration from daily life.(诗人常从日常生活中获得灵感。) 10:passionate 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：热情的；狂热的：酷爱.的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：passion(激情；热情) 副词：passionately(热情地) 三、用法与常见搭配 be passionate about sth.(酷爱某事) 四、辨析 passionate vs.enthusiastic:passionate强调强烈的情感”，enthusiastic侧重c“积极的兴 趣”。 例：She is passionate about music..（她酷爱音乐。) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.She devoted herself to(help)the poor in rural areas A)help B)helping C)helped D)to help 2.Regular exercise contributes_better health A)for B)in C)to D)with 3.He committed himself to(improve)the local environment. A)improve B)improves C)improving D)improved 4.The young scientist isto make a breakthrough in his research. A)ambitious B)curious C)eager D)passionate 5.Her speech was sothat many students decided to study harder. A)inspired B)inspiring C)inspire D)inspiration 6.Children are naturallyabout how things work. A)eager B)curious C)anxious D)ambitious 7.They are for the results of the final exam. A)eager B)curious C)anxious D)passionate 8.The project's success depends on the team's-to their work. A)devotion B)dedication C)contribution D)inspiration 9.Many poets get their from nature and daily life. A)inspire B)inspiration C)inspired D)inspiring 10.She is__about classical music and practices the piano every day. A)enthusiastic B)eager C)passionate D)curious (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.His(devote)to teaching has influenced many students 2.She made a significant(contribute)to the development of the company 3.We need a strong-(commit)to finish the project on time. 4.Her_(ambitious)led her to start her own business at a young age 5.The artist drew(inspire)from the beautiful scenery. 6.Out of(curious),he opened the mysterious box 7.The children waited(eager)for the arrival of their parents 8.His(dedicate)to the job earned him the respect of his colleagues 9.The team's(passionate)for victory drove them to work harder 10.The teacher's_(encourage)made the students more confident (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.He d his life to scientific research and made great achievements. 2.Smoking is known to cto many serious diseases. 3.The government has c itself to reducing air pollution. 4.As an a student,she aims to study abroad after graduation. 5.The coach's words ithe players to win the game. 6.The little boy was cabout the stars and often stayed up late watching them. 7.They were eto hear the good news from their son. 8.The success of the event showed the team's great d. 9.The old man's story was an ito everyone present. 10.She has a pfor painting and spends hours in her studio every day. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：B CC A BB A BB C 解析1（第1题）： 考查devote的固定用法。devote oneself to doing sth.表示致力于做某事’，to为介词， 后接动名词，故选B。 解析2（第2题）： 考查contribute的固定搭配。contribute to sth.表示“促成某事；有助于，故选C。 解析3（第5题）： 考查inspiring的用法。inspiring表示“鼓舞人心的”，修饰speech,符合句意她的演讲 如此鼓舞人心，以至于许多学生决定更加努力学习”，故选B。 2.补全句子答案： 1.devotion 2.contribution 3.commitment 4.ambition 5.inspiration 6.curiosity 7.eagerly 8. dedication 9.passion 10.encouragement 3.首字母填空答案： 1.devoted 2.contribute 3.committed 4.ambitious 5.inspired 6.curious 7.eager 8.dedica- tion 9.inspiration 10.passion 英语词汇复习手册·必修三·Unit4 Space Exploration三