Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle一-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册期末词汇复习（人教版）

期末词汇复习 选修3·人教版·Unit2 [ealthy Lifestyle一 一、重点单词详解 1:abuse 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词（v) 核心义：n.滥用；虐待；辱骂t滥用；虐待：辱骂 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：use(v.使用) 前缀ab-(偏离，相反)+use→偏离正常使用→滥用 三、必记搭配与例句 dug/alcohol abuse(药物/酗酒) child abuse(虐待儿童) verbal abuse(言语辱骂) abuse power/authority(滥用权力/权威) abuse sb.physically/emotionally(身体/情感虐待某人) be abused by(被…虐待) 四、重点辨析 abuse vs.misuse:abuse强调”恶意滥用”或”虐待，如abuse children;misuse侧重错 误使用，如misuse a tool(误用工具)。 2:facilitate 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：vt促进；促使；使便利 构词法（词性转换） 词根：facile(adj.容易的，来自拉丁语facilis) 后缀-ate(动词后缀)→facilitate（使变得容易) 名词：facilitation(促进；便利) 形容词：facilitative(促进性的) 三、必记搭配与例句 facilitate sth.(促进某事) facilitate the process/,progress（促进过程/进展) facilitate communication between A and B(促进A和B之间的交流) 四、重点用法 无被动语态，不用于”人”作宾语，如不能说facilitate students'”,需说facilitate students? learning”。 3:dominate 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(t.&i.) 核心义：t&i.支配；控制；占有优势 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：domin(统治，来自拉丁语dominus'”主人”) 后缀-ate(动词后缀)→dominate(统治，支配) 名词：dominance(支配地位；优势)：dominator(支配者) 形容词：dominant(占主导地位的；显性的) 三、必记搭配与例句 dominate sb./sth.（支配某人/某物) dominate the market(主导市场) be dominated by(被…支配) dominate in/over（在…中占优势) 四、重点辨析 dominate vs.control:dominate强调”权威或影响力上的主导”，如dominate a conversation (主导谈话)：control侧重”通过权力或手段控制”，如control a machine(控制机器)。 4:discipline 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v) 核心义：n自制力；纪律；学科vt自我控制；管教；处罚 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：disciple(n.弟子，门徒)→门徒需遵守纪律→discipline 形容词：disciplined(守纪律的；有自制力的) 三、必记搭配与例句 self-discipline(自制力) military discipline（军纪) academic disciplines(学科) discipline oneself(自我约束) discipline sb.for sth.(因某事惩罚某人) 四、拓展 ”学科”含义时，与subject辨析：discipline侧重”学术领域的学科”，如social disciplines (社会学科)；subject泛指学校课程科目”，如math subject(数学科目)。 5:compose 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(t.&vi.) 核心义：t&i.组成；作曲；撰写 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀com-(共同)+pose（放置)→共同放置→组成 名词：composition（组成；作文；作曲) 形容词：composite(混合的；合成的) 三、必记搭配与例句 be composed of(由…组成，=consist of,无被动语态) compose music/a poem(作曲/写诗) compose oneself(使自己平静下来) 四、重点辨析 be composed of vs.compose:The team is composed of 10 members..(主动表被动)；10 members compose the team.（主动语态，主语为组成部分)。 6:negative 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.消极的；有害的；否定的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 前缀neg-(否定)+ative（形容词后缀)→negative(否定的) 名词：negativity（消极性；否定性) 动词：negate（否定；否认) 反义词：positive(积极的；肯定的) 三、必记搭配与例句 negative attitude/impact(消极态度/负面影响) negative feedback(负面反馈) in the negative(否定地；持否定态度) 四、多义辨析 数学：negative number（负数) 电学：negative charge（负电荷) 语法：negative sentence(否定句) 7:pessimistic 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.悲观的；悲观主义的 一、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：pessimist(n.悲观主义者，来自拉丁语pessimus'”最坏的) 后缀-ic(形容词后缀)→pessimistic(悲观的) 名词：pessimism(悲观主义) 反义词：optimistic（乐观的) 三、必记搭配与例句 be pessimistic about（对…悲观) a pessimistic view/outlook(悲观看法/前景) 四、重点用法 后接介词about,.不可用for,如He is pessimistic about the future.”(正确)；Heis pessimistic for the future.”(错误)。 8:rely 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(vi.) 核心义：vⅵ.依赖；依靠；信赖 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：rely（依赖) 形容词：reliable(可靠的；可信赖的) 名词：reliance(依赖；信赖)；reliability(可靠性) 三、必记搭配与例句 rely on/upon sb.sth.(依赖某人/某物) rely on sb.to do sth.(指望某人做某事) rely on it that..(相信…，如I rely on it that he will come.) 四、重点辨析 rely vs.depend:两者意义相近，但rely更强调”信任”，depend侧重”客观上的依赖”， 如depend on weather(取决于天气)；rely on his promise(信赖他的承诺)。 9:examine 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：vt（仔细)检查；审查；测验 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀ex-(出)+amine(检查，来自拉丁语aminare”检查)→examine（仔细检查出) 名词：examination(考试；检查)；exam（缩写，考试) 三、必记搭配与例句】 examine sth.carefully（仔细检查某物)》 examine sb.on sth.(测验某人某方面知识) be examined by(被…检查，如The patient was examined by the doctor.) 四、重点辨析 examine vs.check:examine强调”深入、细致检查”，如examine a1epot(审查报告)； check侧重”核对是否正确”，如check answers（核对答案)。 10:delete 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.删去：删除 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀de-(去掉)+lete(擦掉，来自拉丁语delere”擦掉)→delete(删除) 名词：deletion(删除； 被删除的内容) 三、必记搭配与例句 delete sth.from sth.(从某物中删除某物) delete a file/word(删除文件/单词) 四、重点用法 及物动词，直接接宾语，无被动语态（主动表被动)，如The par'agraph was deleted.”(正 确)；Someone deleted the paragraph.”(正确)。 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The manager was accused of his power to get benefits for his relatives. A)misusing B)abusing C)using D)handling 2.Modern technology has greatly_the communication between people from different coun- tries. A)facilitated B)dominated C)composed D)examined 3.In many families,parents often_the decision-making process,leaving little room for children's opinions. A)control B)check C)dominate D)delete 4.Military training is designed to develop students'sense ofand teamwork. A)subject B)discipline C)examination D)reliability 5.The committee_of five experts with different academic backgrounds. A)composes B)is composed C)is made D)consists 6.Constant complaints and aattitude can affect your relationships with others A)pessimistic B)negative C)reliable D)dominant 7.Some experts are_about the future of Al,warning that it may replace humanjobs on a large scale. A)pessimistic B)optimistic C)negative D)facilitative 8.You can always_on her to keep her promises,she is very trustworthy A)depend B)rely C)check D)examine 9.The doctor_the patient carefully and prescribed some medicine for her. A)checked B)deleted C)examined D)composed 10.Before submitting the report,please__any unnecessary information to make it concise. A)delete B)examine C)dominate D)facilitate (二)根据提示补全句子(6题) 1.The_(compose)of the team includes members from three different departments. 2.Her(pessimistic)about the project made others doubt its success. 3.The company has achieved market(dominate)through years of innovation 4.(rely)on others too much may prevent you from developing independent thinking. 5.The teacher praised the student for his_(discipline)study habits. 6.The(delete)of the file caused the loss of important data. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Drug a is a serious social problem that affects many young people. 2.The new software is designed to f online collaboration among team members. 3.The company d the market with its high-quality products and excellent service. 4.Learning a foreign language requires patience and self-d. 5.The United Nations is c_of representatives from almost every country in the world 6.Negative feedback can be helpful if you avoid taking it in a n way. 7.Being o is better than being pwhen facing challenges. 8.We can ron the data provided by the research institute,it is accurate and up-to-date 9.The police ethe crime scene carefully to find any clues left by the suspect. 10.Don't forget to d the draft email before sending the final version. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：B A C BBB A B C A 解析1（第1题）： 考查abuse的固定用法。abuse power表示”滥用权力”，符合句意”经理被指控滥用权力 为亲属谋取利益；misuse侧重”误用，using和handling不符合语境，故选B。 解析2（第2题)： 考查facilitate的固定用法。facilitate communication表示促进交流”，符合句意'现代技 术极大地促进了不同国家人们之间的交流”；dominate表示”支配”，compose表示”组 成”，examine表示检查”，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析3（第5题）： 考查be composed of的固定用法。be composed of表示”由…组成”，符合句意”委员 会由五位不同学术背景的专家组成”；consists需要与of连用，其他选项不符合语法，故 选B。 2.补全句子答案： 1.composition 2.pessimism 3.dominance 4.Relying 5.disciplined 6.deletion 3.首字母填空答案： 1.abuse 2.facilitate 3.dominates 4.discipline 5.composed 6.negative 7.optimistic,pes- simistic 8.rely 9.examined 10.delete 英语词汇复习手册·选修3·Unit2 Healthy Lifestyle一