Unit 5 Poems二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册期末词汇复习（人教版）

期末词汇复习 选修3·人教版·Unit5 Poems.二 一、重点单词详解 1:respective 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.分别的；各自的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：respect(v.m.尊重；方面) 副词：respectively/'spektrvli/(adv.分别；各自；依次为) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(respective) 后接名词复数：respective jobs(各自的工作)、respective families(各自的家庭) 固定搭配：in their respective fields(在他们各自的领域) 副词(respectively) 用于句尾或列举后：Tom and Mary are18and17 respectively..(汤姆和玛丽分别是18岁 和17岁。) 「四、重点辨析 respective vs.respectful:respective强调”各自的”，respectful表示”尊敬的（如a respectful attitude)。 2:delicate 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.精美的；精致的；脆弱的 、 构词法 词根：delic-（来自拉丁语delicatus,表”令人愉悦的；精致的) 派生词：delicately(adv.精致地；脆弱地)、delicacy(n.精致；微妙；佳肴) 三、用法与常见搭配 描述物品：delicate china(精致瓷器)、delicate design(精美设计) 描述状态：delicate health(虚弱的身体)、delicate balance(微妙的平衡) 描述感官：delicate smell/taste(清淡的气味/味道) 四、拓展 反义词：rough(粗糙的)、strong(坚固的) 3:revolve 一、核心考点 词性：动词(vi.) 核心义：i.旋转；环绕：转动 二、构词法（词性转换） 派生词：revolution/reve'lu:n/(n.革命；旋转) revolutionary/,1 eva'lu:ani/(adj.革命的；n.革命者) 三、用法与常见搭配 固定短语：revolve around（围绕…转动；以…为中心) 例句：The earth revolves around the sun.(地球绕太阳旋转。) Her life revolves around her children.(她的生活以孩子为中心。) 四、重点辨析 revolve vs.rotate:均表”旋转”，revolve侧重”绕外部轴心”（如地球绕太阳），rotate侧 重”自身旋转”（如地球自转）。 4:utter 核心考点 词性：动词(t.)、形容词(adj.) 核心义：t.出声；说；讲adj.完全的：十足的：彻底的 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：utter(发音/表达) 形容词：utter(完全的) 派生词：utterly/atli/(adv完全地；绝对地) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词：utter a word/sound(发出一个词/声音)、utter threats(发出威胁) 形容词：utter silence（死寂)、utter nonsense(一派胡言)、utter failure(彻底的失败) 副词：utterly impossible(完全不可能) 四、注意 形容词utter仅用于名词前作定语，不用于系动词后（不可说The silence was utter.应说 utter silence)。 5:comprehension 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.理解力：领悟力；理解练习 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：comprehend/komprI'hend/(t.理解；领悟) 形容词：comprehensive./,komprI'hensiv/(adj.全面的；综合的) 名词：comprehension(由comprehend+-sion构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词搭配：improve one's comprehension(提高理解力) 名词短语：reading comprehension(阅读理解)、listening comprehension(听力理解) 固定句型：beyond comprehension(难以理解) 例句：The problem is beyond my comprehension..(这个问题我无法理解。) 四、拓展 comprehensive常见搭配：comprehensive knowledge(全面的知识)、comprehensive exam (综合考试) 6:core 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.核心：精髓：（水果的）核儿 二、 构词法 派生词：coreless(adj.无核心的)、corelli(n.科雷利小提琴) 三、用法与常见搭配 固定短语：at the core of(在…的核心)、core values(核心价值观)、the core of the problem（问题的核心) 例句：Honesty is at the core of his character..(诚实是他性格的核心。) 动词搭配：remove the core（去核)、strengthen the core（加强核心) 四、拓展 比喻用法：the core of a story(故事的核心) 7:blank 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.)、名词(n.) 核心义：adj.空白的：无图画的：没表情的n.空白：空格 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：blank(空白的) 名词：blank(空白处) 派生词：blankly(adv.茫然地)、blankness(n.空白；茫然) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词：blank paper(白纸)、blank expression(茫然的表情)、blank mind(一片空白的 大脑) 名词：fill in the blanks(填空)、a blank on the form(表格上的空白处) 固定短语：draw a blank(一无所获；记不起来) 例句：I tried to remember his name,.but drew a blank.(我想不起他的名字了。) 8:civilian 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.平民；老百姓 二、构词法 词根：civil/sv/(ad.公民的：民事的) 派生词：civilization/.srvalar'zeIfn/(n.文明)、civilize/sIvelarz/(vt.使文明) 三、用法与常见搭配 反义词：military(军人) 固定短语：civilian life（平民生活)、civilian population（平民人口) 例句：After the war,he returned to civilian life.(战后，他回归了平民生活。) 四、辨析 civilian vs.citizen:civilian强调？非军人，citizen强调”公民身份”（如a French citizen)。 9:tease →、 核心考点 词性：动词(i.&vt) 核心义：ⅵ.&t.取笑（某人）：揶揄；逗弄 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：tease(取笑) 名词：tease(爱开玩笑的人：戏弄) 派生词：teasing/i:z/(adj.揶揄的；戏弄的) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词短语：tease sb.about sth.(因某事取笑某人) tease sb.into/out of doing sth.(逗某人做/不做某事) 例句：Don't tease her about her weight..（别拿她的体重开玩笑。) He teased the dog with a stick.(他用棍子逗狗。) 四、注意 tease作动词时可用于被动语态：She was teased by her classmates..（她被同学取笑。) 10:format 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(t.) 核心义：n.格式；总体安排；（出版物的）版式t.格式化 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：format(格式) 动词：format(格式化) 三、 用法与常见搭配 名词短语：file format(文件格式)、essay format(论文格式)、page format(页面版式) 动词搭配：format a computer/disk(格式化电脑/磁盘) format a document(设置文档格式) 例句：The report should follow a standard format.（报告应遵循标准格式。) 四、拓展 近义词：layout（布局；版式)、structure(结构) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The two sisters returned to their homes after the party. A)respective B)respectful C)respecting D)respected 2.The_vase on the shelf should be handled with care. A)rough B)delicate C)strong D)tough 3.The Moon_around the Earth every 27 days. A)rotates B)revolves C)rolls D)runs 4.She stared at me insilence,unable to say a word. A)utter B)entire C)total D)complete 5.Reading more books can help improve your_of complex ideas A)comprehensive B)comprehend C)comprehension D)comprehending 6.At the_of her argument was the belief that education changes lives A)core B)center C)middle D)heart 7.When I asked him for his name,he drew a_and couldn't remember. A)blank B)space C)hole D)gap 8.After serving in the army for 10 years,he finally returned to life A)citizen B)civilian C)civil D)civilized 9.Don't your little brother about his new glasses-it hurts his feelings A)laugh B)tease C)smile D)joke 10.Before submitting your essay,check the_to ensure it meets the teacher's requirements. A)structure B)layout C)format D)pattern (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The team members discussed their(respect)responsibilities in the project. 2.The artist(delicate)painted the details of the flower. 3.The invention of the steam engine led to the Industrial(revolve) 4.His explanation was_(utter)confusing,so no one understood it. 5.The course provides a_(comprehension)overview of world history. 6.The company aims to strengthen its_(core)business areas this year. 7.She looked at him(blank)when he asked the unexpected question. 8.The country's_(civil)was destroyed after years of war 9.The children's_(tease)remarks made her feel uncomfortable 10.Please(format)the document using Arial font and double spacing. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Each student has their r locker in the classroom 2.The soup has a d flavor that's hard to describe 3.The Earth's raround the sun causes the change of seasons 4.The room was filled with u darkness after the power went out. 5.This passage is beyond my cI need to read it again 6.Kindness is at the c_of her personality. 7.Fill in the bwith the correct words from the passage 8.The museum displays artifacts from both military and clife 9.It's not polite to tothers about their physical appearance. 10.The report must follow a specific f with an introduction and conclusion. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：ABBACAABBC 2.补全句子答案： 1.respective 2.delicately 3.Revolution 4.utterly 5.comprehensive 6.core 7.blankly 8.civ- ilization 9.teasing 10.format 3.首字母填空答案： 1.respective 2.delicate 3.revolution 4.utter 5.comprehension 6.core 7.blanks 8.civilian 9.tease 10.format 英语词汇复习手册·选修3·Unit5 Poems二