Unit 5 Poems三-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册期末词汇复习（人教版）

期末词汇复习 选修3·人教版·Unit5 Poems三 一、 重点单词详解 1：sympathetic 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：sympathy(n.同情；赞同) 形容词：sympathetic(由sympathy+-etic构成，表”具有…性质的) 副词：sympathetically(adv.同情地；赞同地)》 反义词：nsympathetic(adj.无同情心的) 三、必记搭配与例句 be sympathetic to/towards sb./sth.(对某人/某事同情；赞同某事) feel sympathetic for sb.(为某人感到同情) a sympathetic smile/response(同情的微笑/▣应) 四、作文高级句型 We should always be sympathetic to those in need,as kindness and empathy can bridge the gap between hearts 2:correspond 一、核心考点 词性：动词(.) 核心义：ⅵ.相一致；符合；相当于；通信 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：com'espondence(n.来往信件；通信联系) 动词：correspond（由correspondence去后缀-ence构成) 形容词：corresponding(adj.相应的：符合的) 副词：correspondingly(adv.相应地) 三、必记搭配与例句 correspond with sb.(与某人通信) correspond to/with sth.（与某物一致/符合) correspond in sth.(在某方面一致) 四、作文高级句型 The results of the experiment correspond perfectly with our initial hypothesis,proving the theory to be valid 3:variation 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.变化；变体；变奏曲 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：vay(v.变化；改变) 名词：variation(由vay+-ation构成，表”动作或结果”) 形容词：various(adj.各种各样的)；variable（adj.多变的) 副词：variously(adv.不同地；多方面地) 三、必记搭配与例句 variation in sth.(某事物的变化) a variation of sth.(某物的变体) seasonal variations(季节性变化) 四、作文高级句型 Cultural variation enriches our world,making it a more diverse and fascinating place to live. 4:prejudice 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(t.) 核心义：n.偏见；成见t.使怀有（或形成）偏见 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：prejudiced(adj.有偏见的) 反义词：nprejudiced(ad.无偏见的) 三、必记搭配与例句 have prejudice against sb./sth.(对某人/某事有偏见) without prejudice(无偏见地；不损害…的权利) prejudice sb.against sth.（使某人对某事产生偏见) 四、作文高级句型 Overcoming prejudice requires open-mindedness and a willingness to understand different perspectives 5:complicated 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.复杂的；难懂的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：complicate(v.使复杂化) 形容词：complicated（由complicate+-ed构成，表”被复杂化的) 名词：complication(n.并发症；复杂情况) 三、必记搭配与例句 a complicated process(复杂的过程) get complicated(变得复杂) 四、作文高级句型 Solving environmental issues is a complicated task that requires cooperation from govern- ments,businesses,and individuals. 6:dominant 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.首要的：占支配地位的；显著的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：dominate(v.支配；控制) 形容词：dominant(由dominate+-ant构成，表”具有…性质的”) 名词：dominance(n.支配地位；优势) 三、必记搭配与例句 a dominant role(主导作用) be dominant in sth.(在某方面占支配地位) the dominant culture(主流文化) 四、作文高级句型 In today's digital age,social media plays an increasingly dominant role in shaping public opinion 7:polish “、核心考点 词性：动词(t.)、名词(n.) 核心义：t.修改：润色；抛光n.上光剂；抛光：擦亮 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：polished(adj.抛光的；精炼的) 三、必记搭配与例句 polish sth.up(润色/改进某物，如polish up an essay) polish sth.with sth.（用某物抛光某物) mental polish（文雅；修养) 四、作文高级句型 Before submitting your paper,remember to polish the language to make it more precise and coherent. 8:grief 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.悲伤：悲痛：伤心事 二、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：grievous(ad.令人悲痛的：严重的) 动词：grieve(v.悲伤；使悲伤) 三、 必记搭配与例句 deep/great grief(深切的悲伤) come to terms with grief(接受悲伤) grief over sth.(因某事悲伤) 四、作文高级句型 It takes time to heal from grief,but with the support of loved ones,we can gradually move forward. 9:racial 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.种族的；人种的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：race(n.种族；人种) 形容词：racial（由ace+-ial构成，表”与…有关的) 名词：racism(n.种族主义)；racist(n.种族主义者ad.种族主义的) 三、必记搭配与例句 racial discrimination(种族歧视) 1 acial equality(种族平等) racial tension(种族矛盾) 四、作文高级句型 Promoting racial harmony is essential for building an inclusive society where everyone is treated equally 10:dominant 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：dominate(v.支配；控制) 形容词：dominant(由dominate+-ant构成，表”具有…性质的”) 名词：dominance(n.支配地位；优势) 三、必记搭配与例句 a dominant role(主导作用) be dominant in sth.(在某方面占支配地位) the dominant culture(主流文化) 四、作文高级句型 In today's digital age,social media plays an increasingly dominant role in shaping public opinion 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.She always tries to be to people who are going through hard times. A)sympathetic B)sympathetically C)unsympathetic D)sympathy 2.The results of the study_with our previous findings,confirming the theory. A)correspond B)communicate C)connect D)compare 3.There are significant in temperature between day and night in the desert. A)variations B)varieties C)varies D)various 4.It is important to treat everyone without_based on their background. A)prejudice B)prejudiced C)prejudicing D)unprejudiced 5.Solving this math problem requires understanding its-structure. A)complicated B)complex C)complication D)complicating 6.In many ecosystems,one species is usually_and influences others. A)dominant B)dominance C)dominate D)dominantly 7.Before submitting the essay,she spent hours_the language to make it clearer. A)polishing B)polish C)polished D)polishes 8.The family is still in deep_after the sudden loss of their loved one. A)grief B)grievous C)grieve D)sorrow 9.equality is a fundamental human right that should be protected worldwide. A)Racial B)Race C)Racism D)Racist 10.The color of the door does not to the one described in the design plan A)correspond B)correspond with C)correspond to D)communicate (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.Her(sympathy)smile made him feel better during the difficult time. 2.The data from the two experiments should(correspondence)with each other to be valid. 3.Climate change has led to extreme(vary)in rainfall patterns recently 4.People should avoid making(prejudice)judgments about others based on appearance. 5.The(complicate)of the problem requires a team of experts to solve it. 6.The company's_(dominance)position in the market has lasted for over a decade. 7.After several revisions,her essay was-(polish)and ready for publication 8.He expressed his_(grieve)over the loss of his childhood friend. 9.(race)discrimination is illegal in most countries around the world. 10.The project's success_(correspondingly)improved the team's reputation. （三)首字母填空(10题) 1.We should always be sto those in need,as small acts of kindness matter. 2.The witness's statement did not c_with the evidence found at the scene. 3.There is a wide vof opinions on this topic among the students. 4.Overcoming p requires education and exposure to diverse cultures. 5.The instructions were so c_that no one could figure out how to assemble the machine 6.In the animal kingdom,the strongest male often holds a d role in the group 7.Before the interview,she decided to pher introduction to make a good impression. 8.The community came together to support the family in their time of g 9.Laws against rdiscrimination must be strictly enforced to ensure fairness. 10.The number on the label does not c to the actual quantity inside the package. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AAAAAAAAAC 解析1（第1题）： 考查sympathetic的用法。此处需要形容词作表语，sympathetic表示”有同情心的”，符 合句意”她总是尽力对经历困难的人表示同情”；sympathetically是副词，nsympathetic 是反义词，sympathy是名词，均不符合语法要求，故选A。 解析2（第2题）： 考查correspond的固定搭配。correspond with表示”与…一致”，符合句意研究结果 与我们之前的发现一致，证实了该理论；communicate with强调”交流”，connect with 强调”连接”，compare with强调”比较”，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析3（第4题）： 考查prejudice的用法。without prejudice是固定搭配，表示”无偏见地”，符合句意” 重要的是要不带偏见地对待每个人”；prejudiced是形容词，prejudicing是现在分词， nprejudiced是反义词，均不符合语法要求，故选A。 2.补全句子答案： 1.sympathetic 2.correspond 3.variations 4.prejudiced 5.complication 6.dominant 7.pol- ished 8.grief9.Racial 10.correspondingly 3.首字母填空答案： 1.sympathetic 2.correspond 3.variety 4.prejudice 5.complicated 6.dominant 7.polish 8. grief9.racial 10.correspond 英语词汇复习手册·选修3·Unit5 Poems三