Unit 3 Environmental Protection二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册期末词汇复习（人教版）

期末词汇复习 选修3·人教版·Unit3 EnvironmentalProtection二 一、 重点单词详解 1:frequently 一、核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) split义：adv.频繁地；经常 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：frequent(adj.频繁的；常见的) 副词：frequently(由frequent+-y构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 修饰动词：appear frequently(频繁出现)、visit frequently(经常拜访) 修饰形容词：frequently asked questions（常见问题，FAQ) 四、拓展辨析 frequently vs.often:frequently强调动作发生的频率高且有规律性；often侧重动作重复 的次数多，语气较casual。 例句：She frequently travels abroad for business..(她因工作频繁出国。) 2:restrict 一、核心考点 词性：动词(t) split义：t.限制；限定；束缚 二、构词法（词汇变形） 词根：strict(adj.严格的) 派生词：restriction(n.限制规定)、restrictive(adj.限制性的) 三、 词性转换 动词：restrict→名词：restriction→形容词：restrictive 四、常见搭配 restrict sb.sth.to sth.(将…限制在…范围内) be restricted by(受…限制) impose restrictions on（对…实施限制) 五、例句 The government restricted the use of plastic bags.(政府限制塑料袋的使用。) 3:undergo 一、核心考点 词性：动词(vt.) split义：t.经历；经受（变化、不快等） 二、构词法 前缀under-(”经历；在…之下)+g0(v.去)→”经历过程 三、词汇变形 过去式：nderwent;过去分词：ndergone 「四、常见搭配 ndergo changes(经历变化)、ndergo treatment(接受治疗)、ndergo tests（经受测试) 五、注意事项 主语通常为”人或事物”，不用于被动语态。 例句：The city has undergone great changes in the past decade.(这座城市在过去十年经历 了巨大变化。) 4:implement 一、核心考点 词性：动词(vt.) split义：t.使生效；贯彻：执行 词性转换 动词：implement→名词：implementation（n.实施；执行) 三、常见搭配 implement a policy（执行政策)、implement changes(落实变革)、implementation plan (实施方案) 四、辨析 implement vs.carry out:二者均有执行之意，implement更强调将计划或政策转化为 实际行动：carry out侧重完成具体任务。 例句：The new regulations will be implemented next month.(新规定将于下月生效。) 5:submit 、 核心考点 词性：动词(t.&vi) split义：t.&vi提交；呈递；屈服 二、构词法 前缀sub-(”向下；服从”)+mit（词根”送；放出”，如transmit传送)”向下送→ 提交；屈服 三、词汇变形 过去式/过去分词：submitted;现在分词：submitting 四、常见搭配 submit sth..tosb./sth.（向…提交…) submit to sb./sth.（屈服于…) submit an application（提交申请) 五、例句 You must submit your essay by Friday.（你必须在周五前提交论文。) 6:moderate 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.)、动词(vi.&vt.) split义：adj.适度的；中等的；温和的vi.&t.缓和；使适中 一、 词性转换 形容词：moderate动词：moderate(同形异音)→名词：moderation(n.适度；节制) 三、常见搭配 adj.:moderate temperature(适宜温度)、moderate views(温和观点) v.:moderate a debate（主持辩论)、moderate the speed(减速) 四、固定短语 in moderation(适度地) 例句：Exercise regularly and eat in moderation.(定期锻炼，饮食适度。) 7:harmonious 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) split义：adj.和谐的 二、构词法 词根：harmony(n.和谐)+-ous（形容词后缀，”充满…的”)→harmonious 三、词性转换 名词：harmony→形容词：harmonious→副词：harmoniously(和谐地) 四、常见搭配 harmonious relationship(和谐关系)、harmonious society(和谐社会) in harmony with(与…和谐相处) 五、例句 We should live in harmony with nature.(我们应与自然和谐共处。) 8:chaos 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) split义：n.混乱；杂乱；紊乱 词性转换 名词：chaos→形容词：chaotic(混乱的) 三、常见搭配 in chaos(处于混乱中)、cause chaos(引发混乱) chaotic situation（混乱局面) 四、例句 The traffic was in chaos after the accident..(事故后交通陷入混乱。) 9:on behalf of “、 核心考点 词性：短语 split义：短语代表（代替）某人 二、用法说明 介词短语，后接人或机构，不可单独使用，需置于句中作状语。 三、常见搭配 speak on behalf of sb.(代表某人发言)、sign on behalf of the company(代表公司签字) 四、注意事项 =omsb.s behalf,不可加所有格，如on behalf of him(√)，on his behalf(√)。 例句：I'm writing this letter on behalf of my team.(我代表团队写这封信。) 10:nuclear 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) split义：adj.原子能的；核能的；原子核的 、 构词法 词根：nucleus(n.核；核心)+-ar(形容词后缀)→nuclear 常见搭配 nuclear energy(核能)、nuclear power(核电站)、uclear weapons(核武器) 四、拓展 形近词：nucleus(n.细胞核；核心)；nuclear family(核心家庭，即父母与子女的家庭) 例句：Many countries are developing nuclear technology for peaceful purposes.(许多国家 为和平目的发展核技术。) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.She_travels to Europe for academic conferences,usually once every two months. A)frequently B)often C)always D)sometimes 2.The new law will the sale of tobacco products to minors under 18. A)restrict B)submit C)undergo D)implement 3.The patient_three major operations in the past year and is now recovering slowly. A)implemented B)underwent C)submitted D)restricted 4.The government plans to_a new policy to reduce carbon emissions next quarter. A)carry out B)implement C)submit D)moderate 5.All applicants musttheir resumes and cover letters by the end of this week A)submit B)restrict C)undergo D)implement 6.A-amount of exercise,such as 30 minutes of walking daily,is beneficial for health A)harmonious B)nuclear C)moderate D)chaotic 7.The community aims to build a relationship between residents and local businesses. A)harmonious B)nuclear C)frequent D)restrictive 8.After the storm,the city center was in complete with fallen trees and broken windows everywhere. A)harmony B)chaos C)moderation D)implementation 9.The manager signed the contract_the company,as the CEO was abroad on a business trip A)in behalf of B)on behalf of C)behalf of D)on the behalf of 10.energy is considered a clean alternative to fossil fuels,though it carries potential risks A)Nuclear B)Harmonious C)Moderate D)Chaotic (二)根据提示补全句子(6题) 1.The(restrict)on public gatherings will be lifted next month. 2.The company has announced the_(implement)of a new salary system starting next year. 3.After(submit)her application,she waited anxiously for a response from the university. 4.The(moderate)of the debate ensured that both sides had equal speaking time. 5.The team worked_(harmonious)to complete the project ahead of schedule 6.The sudden rain caused(chaos)in the outdoor concert,with people rushing for shelter. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Cycling to work f can help reduce carbon footprint and improve fitness. 2.To protect endangered species,the government has i restrictions on hunting in national parks. 3.The small town has u remarkable changes since the opening of the new highway. 4.The committee will vote next week on whether to ithe proposed reforms. 5.Students are required to stheir homework through the online platform by 8 PM every day 6.It's important to eat in m_to maintain a balanced diet and avoid health issues. 7.The design of the building emphasizes h with its natural surroundings,using local mate- rials. 8.Without proper management,the event descended into c,with attendees arguing and pushing. 9.The chairman spoke oofthe entire staff,expressing gratitude for their hard work this year. 10.Npower plants generate electricity by splitting atoms,a process known as nuclear fis- sion (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AAB B A CAB B A 解析1（第1题）： 考查frequently的用法。frequently表示”频繁地；经常”，强调动作发生的频率高且有规 律性，符合句意”她经常去欧洲参加学术会议，通常每两个月一次；of侧重动作重 复的次数多，语气较casual,故选A。 解析2（第2题）： 考查restrict的用法。1 estrict表示限制：限定，符合句意”新法律将限制向18岁以下 未成年人销售烟草产品”；submit表示”提交”，ndergo表示”经历，implement表示” 执行，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析3（第3题）： 考查nderg0的用法。nderg0表示”经历：经受”，符合句意”患者在去年经历了三次大 手术，现在正在缓慢恢复”；implement表示”执行”，submit表示”提交”，restrict表示” 限制”，均不符合语境，故选B。 2.补全句子答案： 1.restriction 2.implementation 3.submitting 4.moderator 5.harmoniously 6.chaos 3.首字母填空答案： 1.frequently 2.imposed 3.undergone 4.implement 5.submit 6.moderation 7.harmony 8. chaos 9.on behalf 10.Nuclear 英语词汇复习手册·选修3·Unit3 Environmental Protection二