Unit 6 When disaster strikes（能力提升篇）-【蓝海英语】八年级上册英语话题阅读(外研版·新教材)

Unit 6 When disaster strikes 能力提升篇 一、阅读理解 答案：P31 A 主题：人与自然一自然灾害与防范措施语篇类型：应用文词数：238难度：★★★☆女建议用时：5正确率：_4 Listening to“Natural Disasters” Do you know how we can survive in an earthquake?Natural disasters such as earthquakes,floods or wildfires have been a great danger to the human beings since the beginning.Every year,thousands of lives die of them. Just as the old saying goes,"Know yourself,know your enemy.A hundred battles,a hundred victories."Only when we know more about natural disasters can we come up with excellent ideas to fight against them.This Saturday,we invite Malika Sultanova,the professor()of Yale University and expert in environmental science,to give a speech on what you need to know about natural disasters.Let's go and enjoy it! Date and Time 21May,20249:00am-11:30am Location 302 classroom 3F,Teaching Building What you will learn in this speech Considering where we live,Professor Sultanova will introduce information about earthquakes,as well as tsunamis caused by them.In the speech,you will learn: How an earthquake and a tsunami happen. How close we are to an earthquake or a tsunami. Useful experience about surviving an earthquake or a tsunami. After the speech,we'd move to questioning.All of you can ask questions.So you can think what you want to know ahead of time.Getting your questions ready would be better. If you want to learn more about the speech or the speaker,please visit thefirstschool.edu.org. ()1.What can we know about Malika Sultanova? A.She once experienced a tsunami. B.She studies earthquakes in a university. C.She is a professor of Harvard University. D.She knows a lot about environmental science )2.How long will the speech last? A.For an hour. B.For an hour and a half. C.For two hours. D.For two hours and a half. )3.Where will the speech be given? A.In 202 classroom 2F,Teaching Building.B.In 302 classroom 3F,Office Building. C.In 302 classroom 3F,Teaching Building.D.In 302 classroom 3F,School Hall. )4.From this speech,we can learn A.an expert's own experience about a tsunami B.how an earthquake and a tsunami happen C.how far we are from an earthquake or a tsunami D.useful experience about stopping an earthquake or a tsunami X 101 初中英语话题阅读丨八年级上册 B 主题：人与自然一自然灾害与防范措施语篇类型：记叙文词数：322难度：★★★★☆建议用时：8正确率：/5 The morning of 2 April,2007 was sunny.The school day was about to start.Durie Hickie,a teacher at Kalarao Primary School on Simbo Island,was on her way to school by boat when a strong earthquake happened.Luckily,she was close to the coast.She held on to a tree and didn't get hurt. "I was used to earthquakes.After the quake,I continued my trip and didn't think much of it. Suddenly,I heard a loud sound.I looked up at the sky expecting to see dark storm clouds,but the sky was very clear.I was scared.I didn't know what was going to happen,"Durie said. Then,Durie saw a huge ocean wave rushing towards her.She stood still in fear,not knowing what to do."After a couple of seconds,the huge wave hit me,throwing me off my boat.And I passed out, Durie said."When I woke up,I found myself under a pile of debris().I could not move.Luckily, the next wave carried the debris away and I could free my body.My arms were cut open,and a lot of blood was running out of each cut.Still,I managed to make it to my aunt's house.And then I was carried to the local medical centre." Later,Durie learnt that the tsunami she had experienced was deadly.The 12-metre-high tsunami waves washed away two villages and killed 52 people.Durie's experience of the tsunami made her realise the importance of preparing students for a tsunami.She hoped there could be more tsunami safe schools. Many schools,including Kalarao Primary School,have been holding tsunami evacuation ( practices in recent years.Durie is happy to see this.She said,"Now,our school has an emergency plan and we know where the safe places are near the school.All of this has made our future evacuations much faster.” ()5.The tsunami Durie experienced A.happened on her way back home B.happened in May,2007 C.happened deadly D.washed away thousands of people ()6.What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A.Durie was afraid of earthquakes. B.Durie knew how to protect herself in an earthquake. C.The place where Durie lived hardly had earthquakes. D.Durie thought that there would be a tsunami happened. ()7.Which of the following can replace the phrase "a couple of"in Paragraph 3? A.A few. B.A little. C.A lot of. D.Two. ( )8.During the tsunami,Durie A.was hit by the heavy wind B.kept still all the time C.was saved by a stranger D.hurt her arms ()9.From the passage,we know that A.preparing students for a tsunami is not important B.the tsunami Durie experienced didn't hurt herself C.many schools have been holding tsunami evacuation practices D.Durie is teaching a subject of tsunami evacuation 102 Unit 6 When disaster strikes C 主题：人与自然一自然灾害与动物预警语篇类型：说明文词数：310难度：★★★★☆建议用时：8”正确率：/5 It may sound hard to believe that animals can predict earthquakes,but many events seem to support this idea. The earliest record we have of unusual animal behaviour before a big earthquake is from Greece in 373 BC.Rats and weasels()reportedly left their homes and headed for safety several days before a powerful earthquake. On 4 February 1975,Chinese officials ordered people in Haicheng,Liaoning Province to leave their homes and stay outdoors.They believed a disaster was coming,partly because of animals'strange behaviour.For example,people reported seeing groups of toads (appear in the streets and hibernating()snakes coming out of the ground.Just hours later,a large 7.3-magnitude earthquake rocked the city. Another example happened in December 2004 in a national park in Sri Lanka.The animals seemed to sense that something was wrong that day.The birds flew away for no reason,and the elephants ran to higher ground.A few minutes later,there was a huge earthquake deep under the sea. However,scientists say that while these are interesting examples of animals behaving strangely before earthquakes,it doesn't necessarily mean that animals have the ability to predict all disasters.It could just be a reaction.All animals have the instinct()to avoid dangers. So how do they do it?Well,animals have highly developed senses that allow them to pick up on environmental changes that we might not even notice.Some have extremely strong hearing or smell,while others can detect changes in atmospheric pressure ()For example,fish can sense changes in water pressure,so they may jump out of the water or swim in unusual ways before an earthquake. Although scientists may not agree on animals'special ability,it doesn't hurt to pay a little more attention to the animals around you. ( )l0.(新考法·图片理解题)What animal could be seen to leave their homes before the earthquake in Greece in 373 BC? ( )11.Why did officials ask people in Haicheng to stay outdoors? A.To get the snakes off the streets. B.To get away from the earthquake. C.To celebrate the coming of winter. D.To watch the strange behaviour of animals. ( )12.Animals in a national park in Sri Lanka behaved strangely because A.they were trying to get away from the staff B.they were fighting among themselves C.they sensed that danger was coming D.they were scared by the earthquake ( ）l3.What does the underlined word“detect'”in Paragraph6mean? A.Notice. B.Prevent. C.Reflect. D.Cause. ( )14.Which of the following might the author agree with? A.We shouldn't trust animals. B.We can use animal behaviour as a reminder C.We need to study the special abilities of animals. D.We should pay no attention to animals'strange behaviour. X 103 初中英语话题阅读丨八年级上册 D 主题：人与自然一自然灾害与防范措施语篇类型：说明文词数：265难度：★★★☆☆建议用时：7′正确率：/4 ①Hail(冰雹)，also called hailstorm,is a form of precipitation(降水)一-like rain or snow-一that is made up of ice.Hailstorms may happen all year long.Hail can even form in summer as long as the storms are strong. 2Hailstorms often visit the United States.The area where Nebraska,Colorado and Wyoming meet is known as "Hail Alley"and it suffers seven to nine hail days every year.It's hard to tell exactly when a hailstorm might come. 3Hailstorms are very dangerous.They can cause lots of damage to people,buildings,cars,plants and animals.In fact,hailstorms can even cause deaths.For example,a hailstorm killed around 1,000 English soldiers in 1360.So we should know how to stay safe during it. One way to protect yourself from a hailstorm is to have your tools prepared throughout the year,and one of them must be helmets.They can help you save your head from both the hail itself and other things brought by heavy storm.You should also make a plan for your family so that you all know where to go for safety. 5What's more,make sure you stay inside until the hail stops and stay away from windows.If possible,find a room at least one level down from the top of the house.Finally,if you get caught outside in a hailstorm and can't find a house to stay in,find something to protect your head.Remember:stay out of lowland areas,because they could be filled with water.And don't forget to avoid trees. ()15.What does the underlined word "helmets"in Paragraph 4 mean? A.Thick coats.B.Big knives. C.Hard hats. D.Light umbrellas. ( )16.How many ways of staying safe during a hailstorm are mentioned in the passage? A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four. )17.What may be the right reason why you should stay away from trees when a hailstorm is outside? A.The broken branch falls and it may hit you. B.There is more rain under the trees. C.The trees are not beautiful because of the hailstorm. D.The tree leaves will drop on the head. ()l8.(新考法·篇章结构题)What is the structure of the passage? ① ① (2 ② B 5 5 ⑤ 艺积累小筏 ☆英汉互译 1.be known as 2.一整年 ☆翻译句子 3.Remember:stay out of lowland areas,because they could be filled with water. 104 Unit 6 When disaster strikes 二、阅读还原六选五 答案：P32 主题：人与自然一自然灾害与防范措施语篇类型：说明文词数：228难度：★★★☆☆建议用时：7'正确率：/5 There are lots of natural disasters every year.19. Typhoons are some of the worst storms,usually around the Pacific Ocean()and the South China Sea.Most happen in July,August and September. How does a typhoon happen?When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun,it evaporates( )into the air.This makes the air hotter.20.Then cooler air around it rushes in.It fills the space that is left.After the air gets warmer,it starts to move quickly,making wind.The wind goes in circles and it keeps moving higher in the sky.The warmer the air gets,the quicker the wind moves.And when wind moves faster than 30 metres a second,a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts.One is called the "eye".21. The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye.Here are the strongest winds and hardest rains. Typhoons are very dangerous.In November 2013,Typhoon Haiyan killed more than 6,000 people in Philippines.22. What should we do when a typhoon hits? Stay inside.23. Try to bring all of your things inside.Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! Listen to the radio or TV or search on the internet for important information. If you're told to go to a safer place,do it right now. A.More people were hurt and some others were missing B.Close all the windows and stay away from them. C.Typhoons are among them. D.For example,strong winds cause many problems. E.In the eye,the wind does not move so fast F.When the air gets warm enough,it starts to move high up into sky. 艺积累小筏 ☆英汉互译 1.blow away 2.move up 3.远离… 4.听收音机 ☆猜测词义 5.What should we do when a typhoon hits? ☆完成句子 6.太阳和它的行星被称为太阳系。 The sun and its planets the solar system. X 105 初中英语话题阅读丨八年级上册 三、完形填空 令答案：P32 主题：人与自然一自然灾害与自我保护语篇类型：记叙文词数：262难度：★★★☆☆建议用时：7'正确率：/10 Life is full of the unexpected.In December 2023,an earthquake 24 on Jishi Mountains in Gansu Province.This made people feel very 25 because it made more than 100 people dead and over 500 people wounded and it even caused most people to lose their homes.However,during the disaster, the 26 actions of a mother moved and warmed us deeply. When the earthquake happened,the mother was lying on the bed and 27 her baby.As soon as she realised the earthquake had come,she picked up her baby quickly and would rush out of the door. 28,the house fell down all of a sudden and got in the way of going outside.They were trapped inside.But the mother supported the collapsed()walls with her body and hugged her baby tightly in her 29.Although her hands and back were full of blood,she didn't give up protecting her baby. Finally,they were 30 when the firemen showed up.Seeing them,the firemen's eyes all got wet. Indeed,mother's love is the 31 and it's also the warmest and most selfless.All the mothers in the world will not regret doing anything for their kids. From the story,along with mother's love,we should also 32 that difficulties can be overcome( in the end as long as our hearts are filled with courage,hope and belief.Natural disasters are heartless,but people in the world have 33.Ahead of disasters,warmth that makes Chinese people pull together can deal with any disaster. ()24.A.changed B.ended C.remained D.happened ( )25.A.bored B.afraid C.relaxed D.excited ( )26.A.friendly B.strict C.brave D.angry )27.A.looking after B.running after C.looking for D.waiting for )28.A.Luckily B.Hardly C.Politely D.Unluckily )29.A.arms B.legs C.feet D.eyes )30.A.taught B.saved C.refused D.risen ( )31.A.widest B.quickest C.greatest D.heaviest ( )32.A.stop B.learn C.help D.watch ( )33.A.message B.advice C.progress D.love 贮积累小筏 ☆完成句子 1.我们需要齐心协力，在截止日期前完成这个项目。 We need to and finish this project before the deadline. ☆仿写句子 2.:All the mothers in the world will not regret doing anything for their kids.regret doing sth 后悔做了某事) 仿写： (我确定他后悔伤害了你。)》 106 Unit 6 When disaster strikes 四、语法填空 答案：P33 主题：人与自然一自然灾害与防范措施语篇类型：说明文词数：293难度：★★★☆☆建议用时：8'正确率：/10 Over the last two days,much of Spain has been coated with dust,and the skies 34. （tun) bright orange.A huge cloud of dust from the Sahara Desert is causing the strange weather.The dust cloud is expected 35. (spread)to other parts of Europe. Across much of Spain on Tuesday morning,a thin layer()of red dust coated everything outside. From streets to sidewalks,everything was covered with a layer of dust.This included cars,buses,trees, and plants. As the sun rose,the dust in the air turned the skies in some cities bright orange.The cause of the dust and unusual sky colour wasn't a forest fire,36. dust from the Sahara Desert. Every year a large cloud of dust rises from the Sahara Desert.It's called the Saharan Air Layer. Usually,it crosses the Atlantic Ocean as part of a 37. (nature)cycle that helps develop farmland and 38.(beach)in Central and South America. But sometimes,39. (depend)on the weather,the layer of dust gets forced to the north. Large sandstorms in northern Africa lift sand and dust into the air,40.it gets blown towards Spain.This kind of storm is so strong that it can be seen from space.It's like a river of dust in the air. Spain's weather service described the dust storm as"very intense".At one point on Tuesday,the air quality in Madrid was the 41. (bad)in the world.Government health experts warned people not to go outside 42. a mask,and to keep their windows and doors closed at home. Some weather experts warn 43. (serious)that climate change could make dust storms from the Sahara Desert even more intense in the future. 艺积累小筏 ☆英汉互译 1.a huge cloud of dust 2.在某一时刻；一度；曾经 ☆翻译句子 3.Spain's weather service described the dust storm as "very intense". ☆长难句分析 This kind of storm is so strong that it can be seen from space. 这种风暴强度极大，甚至从太空中都能被看到。 句式分析：这是一个包含结果状语从句的复合句。主句是This kind of storm is so strong,结果 状语从句是that it can be seen from space,此句式由so..that..引导，意为“如此…以至 于”。 X 107 初中英语话题阅读丨八年级上册 五、阅读表达 令答案：P33 主题：人与自然一自然灾害语篇类型：说明文词数：258难度：★★★☆女建议用时：7正确率：/5 Floods,droughts,storms,hot days..·.extreme(极端的)weather is becoming more and more common all over the world..This is caused by greenhouse gas emissions(温室气体排放)from human activities,reported China Daily. This summer,big storms hit areas of Europe.At least 13 people died in Austria,France and Italy by 19 August.In Portugal and Spain,huge wildfires have forced thousands of people to leave their homes.In the US,more than 80 percent of the west is in drought,causing three quarters of farmers in these areas have stopped growing food. In China,the heat has hit the south since June..The duration(持续时间)of this year's high temperatures has broken the 62-day record in 2013,becoming the longest heat wave in 61 years.If you visit Chongqing this summer,.you may see a very“dark”city:no more neon lights(霓虹灯)in the streets with only a few lights on in shopping malls.The highest temperature there reached 45C!People there have no choice but to turn on the air conditioner the whole day,which is a big burden for the power system. Extreme weather has also made 218 of the known 375 diseases more serious.You may have recently heard the word“thermoplegia(热射)”.It is the most serious type of sunstroke(中暑).Many cases of death are reported to be caused by it this summer.If people stay in high temperatures for too long,the heat will damage their organs()and make people feel sick,even die. 44.How many countries are mentioned in the passage? 45.What is thermoplegia? 46.What made Chongqing a "dark"city according to the passage? 47.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 48.(新考法·开放性设问)As a student,what can you do to help with the problems in the passage? 积累小筏 ☆完成句子 1.农作物在干旱中受损严重。 Crops are seriously damaged ☆仿写句子 2.:People there have no choice but to turn on the air conditioner the whole day,which is a big burden for the power system.(have no choice but to do sth别无选择，只能做某事) 仿写： (她今天只能乘公共汽车去上学。) 108 Unit 6 When disaster strikes 六、书面表达 答案：P33 【写作目标】 本模块以“自然灾害”为话题，要求能准确介绍常见自然灾害（如地震、洪水、台风）的危害或防 灾措施，呼吁公众增强防灾意识，倡导人与自然和谐相处。 【素材积累】 ★单词 1.丢失的，遗失的 2.害怕的，恐惧的 3.(使)关（合）上，（使）关闭 4.公共马车，四轮大马车 5.惊人的，骇人的，令人难以置信的 6.洪水，水灾 7.浓密的；混浊的 8.(燃烧产生的)烟 9.一大批，一阵（在空中洒落或出现的小而轻的东西） 10.（火山)爆发，喷发 ★短语 1.参加 2.在…的前面 3.从一边到另一边 4.把某人（物）留在某处 5.充满了… 6.最重要的是 7.吸引了大家的注意力 8.在…的支持下 9.向前看；期待 10.过了一会儿 ★句型 l.所有的学生都参加了活动。(take part in) 2.突然，我前面的一名学生摔倒了。(fall down) 3.就在那时，一件令人吃惊的事情发生了。(shocking) 4.我拒绝把她留下。(refuse) 5.人们在黑暗中努力寻找他们的家人。(y) 【典例剖析】 假如昨天上午全校师生进行了一次地震逃生演练(a practice of escaping from an earthquake)。 请你展开合理想象，写一篇英语短文介绍这次演练的情况。词数100左右。 提示词：under the desk,cover the head,run out,one after another,.walk down the stairs on the right,get to 【审题指导】 1.体裁：记叙文 2.时态：一般过去时 3.人称：第一、三人称 X 109 初中英语话题阅读丨八年级上册 【写作提纲】 介绍学校举行了 Yesterday morning,our school gave us a 次地震逃生演练 practice... 详细描述地震逃生 Before it,our head teacher,Miss Wang,told... 演练的过程 All the students stayed under... My classmates ran out of... ↓ 点评这次地震逃生 This activity is popular with.. 演练，并收尾 We learnt a lot... 【范文实践】 Yesterday morning,our school gave us a practice of escaping from an earthquake.All the teachers and students took part in the activity. Before it,our head teacher,Miss Wang,told us the rules for escaping again.It started on time at 10:00 am.Miss Wang shouted,"Under your desk!All the students stayed under the desks,1. (用手盖住头).Next,she shouted“Group One,gol”.“Group Two, go!"...My classmates 2. （从教室里跑出来)one after another.When I was walking down the stairs on the right,Lucy,who was in front of me,fell down suddenly.I 3. (把她拉起来)quickly.All of my classmates 4. (到达操场)atl0:02am.No one was left..“We only spent two minutes,"said Miss Wang happily. This activity is popular with both parents and students.We learnt a lot from it. 【类文训练】 请结合下图内容及提示，以“The Importance of Fire Safety”为题，根据写作要求，写一篇不少于 80词的英语短文。 2.What should we do in a fire? 1.What may 3.How can we prevent cause a fire? a fire from happening? 参考词汇：fire extinguisher灭火器；electrical problems电气问题；escape from..从…逃离 写作要求：1.短文须包含图中所有信息，并适当拓展； 2.重点谈谈如何预防火灾的发生； 3.文中不能出现真实的人名和校名。 The Importance of Fire Safety 11045.changes此处作主语，根据谓语动词“make”可 知，主语用复数形式，change的复数是changes。 故填changes。 【积累小筏】 1.到日前为止2.stay indoors 3.附近的其他地区，如浙江和江苏两省，也制订了类 似计划以保护民众免受风暴影响。 五、阅读表达 【语篇解读】本文通过解释雪崩的危害和预防措 施，旨在强调尊重大自然，提高安全意识。 46.An avalanche. 47.4/Four. 48.Cover people,houses and villages,and cause death from cold. 49.Get education and right training. 50.To introduce avalanches and the ways to keep safe. (答案不唯一) 【积累小筏】 1.all year around 2.He was too nervous to speak at the meeting. 能力提升篇 一、阅读理解 A【语篇解读】本文是关于自然灾害的讲座公告。 l.D细节理解题。根据“This Saturday,we invite Malika Sultanova,the professor of Yale University and expert in environmental science”可知，她对环境科学 很了解。故选D。 2.D细节理解题。根据Date and Time中“9：00am 11:30am”可知，演讲持续两个半小时。故选D。 3.C细节理解题。根据Location中“302 classroom 3F,Teaching Building'”可知，讲座地点在教学楼3 楼302教室。故选C。 4.B细节理解题。根据“What you will learn in this speech”中“How an earthquake and a tsunami happen.”可知，我们可以学到地震和海啸是如何发 生的。故选B。 B[语篇解读】本文主要讲述了Durie Hickie在海啸 中的亲身经历。 5.C细节理解题。根据第四段中“Later,.Durie learnt that the tsunami she had experienced was deadly.The 12-metre-high tsunami waves washed away two villages and killed52 people..”可知，Durie 所经历的这场海啸是致命的，并且造成了两个村庄 被冲毁和52人死亡的严重后果。故选C。 6.B推理判断题。根据第二段中“I was used to earthquakes.After the quake,I continued my trip and didn't think much of it.”可知，Durie对地震已经 习以为常，地震发生后她还能继续行程且不怎么在 意，这表明她知道在地震中如何保护自己，不惊慌 失措。故选B。 7.A词义猜测题。根据第三段中“After a couple of seconds,the huge wave hit me,throwing me off my boat.And I passed out'”可知，这里是描述在很短的 时间海浪就击中了她。“a couple of'”在这里表示 “几个”，修饰可数名词复数“seconds'”。A选项“a fw”意为“几个，一些”，同样修饰可数名词复数，与 “a couple of'”意思相近。故选A。 8.D细节理解题。根据第三段中“My arms were cut open,and a lot of blood was running out of each cut.”可知，海啸期间，Duie的手臂受伤了。故 选D。 9.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Many schools, including Kalarao Primary School,have been holding tsunami evacuation practices in recent years.”可知， 近年来，包括Kalarao小学在内的许多学校一直在 进行海啸疏散演练。故选C。 C【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了动物在地震前表现 出异常行为的现象，并探讨了动物是否具有预测地震 的能力。 10.A图片理解题。根据第二段内容可知，公元前 373年希腊地震前几天，老鼠和黄鼠狼离开了它 们的家园，前往安全的地方。故选A。 11.B细节理解题。根据第三段中“0n4 February 1975,Chinese officials ordered people in Haicheng, Liaoning Province to leave their homes and stay outdoors.They believed a disaster was coming..." 可知，官员们要求人们待在户外是为了躲避即将 到来的灾难。故选B。 l2.C细节理解题。根据第四段中“Another example happened in December 2004 in a national park in Sri Lanka.The animals seemed to sense that something was wrong that day..”可知，斯里兰卡一个国家公园 的动物们的异常行为表明它们感知到了危险即将 来临。故选C。 13.A词义猜测题。根据第六段中“..while others can detect changes in atmospheric pressure.For example,fish can sense changes in water pressure..." 可知，此处举例说明鱼能察觉到水压的变化。由 此可知，此处指其他动物能察觉到变化，detect的 意思是“察觉”或“注意到”。故选A。 14.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“..it doesn't hurt to pay a little more attention to the animals around you.”可知，多关注一下周围的动物并没有 什么坏处。由此可知，作者认为动物的行为也不 是完全不可信的，可以将动物的异常行为作为一 种提醒。故选B。 D【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了冰雹的形成、危害以 及如何在冰雹天气中保护自己。 l5.C词义猜测题。根据第四段中“They can help you save your head from both the hail itself and other things brought by heavy storm.”可推知，helmets是 用来保护头部的工具，选项C符合这一描述。故 选C。 16.D细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章提到了四 种保护自己的方法：准备工具，尤其是头盔：为家 人制订安全计划；待在室内，远离窗户；如果在户 外，找到保护头部的东西，远离低洼地区和树木。 故选D。 17.A推理判断题。根据第五段中“And don't forget to avoid trees.”并结合常识可知，冰雹天气中，树 木的树枝可能会折断并砸到人，因此远离树木是 为了避免被断裂的树枝击中。故选A。 18.C篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段介绍冰 雹的定义和形成；第二段介绍冰雹在美国的常见 地区；第三段介绍冰雹的危害：第四段和第五段介 绍如何保护自己。选项C符合文章结构。故选C。 【积累小筏】 1.被称为…；作为…而闻名 2.all year long 3.记住：远离低洼地区，因为这些地方可能会被水 淹没。 二、阅读还原六选五 【语篇解读】本文介绍了台风形成的过程、结构和 危害，并给出了台风来临时应采取的措施。 l9.C根据上文“There are lots of natural disasters every year..”和下文“Typhoons are some of the worst storms,usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea.”可知，空处应说明台风是自然灾 害之一。选项C“台风就是其中之一。”符合语境。 故选C。 20.F根据第二段首句“How does a typhoon happen??” 可知，本段讲的是台风是如何形成的。再根据空 前“This makes the air hotter..”可知，选项F“当空 气变得足够热时，它开始向高空移动。”承接上文， 符合语境。故选F。 21.E根据上文“A typhoon has two parts..One is called the‘eye’.”可知，空处的内容应和“台风 眼”有关。选项E“在台风眼里，风不会移动得这 么快。”符合语境。故选E。 22.A根据上文“In November2013,Typhoon Haiyan killed more than 6,000 people in Philippines. 知，空处讲的是台风的危害。选项A“更多的人受 伤，一些人失踪。”符合语境。故选A。 23.B根据上文“Stay inside..”可知，空处的内容和待 在室内有关。选项B“关上所有的窗户，并远离它 们。”符合语境。故选B。 【积累小筏】 1.吹走2.向上移动3.stay away from.· 4.listen to the radio5.来袭6.are called 三、完形填空 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了在甘肃积石山地震发 生期间母亲救孩子的故事及作者的感想。 24.D根据上文“In December2023”可知，此处说的 是地震发生的时间和地点。故选D。 25.B根据下文“because it made more than 100 people dead and over 500 people wounded and it even caused most people to lose their homes'”可知， 地震会使人感到恐惧。故选B。 26.C根据下文可知，母亲在地震中保护着自己的 孩子，这是非常勇敢的行为。故选C。 27.A looking after照顾；running after追逐；looking for寻找；waiting for等待。根据“the mother was lying on the bed and..her baby”可知，母亲在照顾 孩子。故选A。 28.D根据上下文语境可知，不幸的是，房子突然倒 塌了，她们没能跑出去。故选D。 29.A根据语境及生活常识可知，母亲用双臂紧紧 地抱着孩子。故选A。 30.B根据空后“when the firemen showed up”可知， 她们被消防员救了出来。故选B。 31.C句意：的确，母爱是最伟大的，也是最温暖、最 无私的。greatest意为“最伟大的”，符合语境。故 选C。 32.B根据空后“difficulties can be overcome in the end as long as our hearts are filled with courage, hope and belief”可知，此处指从故事中我们应该学 习的道理。故选B。 33.D根据“Natural disasters are heartless”可知，上下 文表示转折关系，此处转折说明人间有爱。故 选D。 【积累小筏】 1.pull together 2.I'm sure he regretted hurting you. 四、语法填空 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了西班牙遭遇的撒哈拉 沙漠沙尘暴天气。 34.have turned根据“Over the last two days”可知， 句子时态是现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分 词，主语the skies是复数。故填have turned。 35.to spread be expected to do sth意为“预计/被期 望/应该做某事”。故填to spread。 36.but根据语境可知，此处是说沙尘和不寻常的天 空颜色的成因不是森林大火，而是来自撒哈拉沙 漠的沙尘。but“但是”，符合句意。故填but。 37.natural此处用形容词作定语修饰cycle,.nature 的形容词形式为natural。故填natural。 38.beaches根据“develop farmland and”可知，开发 海滩，beach是可数名词，此处需要用复数。故填 beaches。 39.depending根据整个句子结构可知，句子已有谓 语动词，此处是非谓语，现在分词作状语， depending符合句意。故填depending。 40.and根据上下文语境可知，前后句为顺承关系， and符合句意。故填and。 41.worst根据句意可知，此处需要最高级，worst符 合句意。故填worst。 42.without根据“Government health experts warned people not to go outside”可知，此处表示不戴口罩 不要外出，without符合句意。故填without。. 43.seriously根据warn可知，此处用副词修饰动词， serious的副词形式为seriously。.故填seriously。 【积累小筏】 1.一大团尘埃；一大片尘雾2.at one point 3.西班牙气象部门将这场沙尘暴描述为“强度极大”。 五、阅读表达 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了高温以及极端天气产 生的严重影响。 44.Seven. 45.It is the most serious type of sunstroke. 46.High temperature./It was the high temperature. 47.据报道，今年夏天有多起死亡病例是由它引起的。 48.I think I should plant more trees and turn off lights 3 when I leave the room.（开放性试题，言之有理 即可) 【积累小筏】 1.in the drought 2.She has no choice but to go to school by bus/take the bus to school today. 六、书面表达 【素材积累】 ★单词 1.lost 2.scared/afraid 3.shut 4.coach 5.shocking 6.flood 7.thick 8.smoke 9.shower 10.erupt ★短语 1.take part in 2.in front of 3.from side to side 4.leave sb/sth behind 5.be thick/filled with/full of 6.above all 7.draw everyone's attention 8.with the support of 9.look forward 10.after a while ★句型 1.All the students took part in the activity. 2.Suddenly a student in front of me fell down. 3.Just then a shocking thing happened. 4.I refused to leave her behind. 5.People tried to find their families in the dark. 【范文实践】 1.covering their heads with their hands 2.ran out of the classroom 3.held her up 4.got to the playground 【类文训练】 The Importance of Fire Safety Fire safety is important for everyone to understand. There are several things that can cause fires.These include human activities,such as electrical problems, cooking accidents,and natural causes.As a result,it's important to know how to respond to and prevent a fire. In case of a small fire,we should stay calm and call 119.Try to put out the fire with a fire extinguisher or water if possible.Escape from the fire area immediately and call 119 if the fire is too large to control. To prevent fires,first,we should be careful when using electronics and make sure they're in good condition.Second,when cooking,we can't leave the kitchen.What's more,we should get basic fire safety knowledge and practise escape plans regularly at school or at home. 0