2026届高考英语语法填空主题专项训练--中国的农业与农学

高考英语语法填空主题专项训练 ——中国的农业与农学 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 Passage 1: The Wisdom of Traditional Chinese Agriculture For thousands of years, Chinese agriculture [1] ________ (operate) in harmony with nature. One [2] ________ (remark) practice is crop rotation, which helps maintain soil fertility. Farmers [3] ________ (deep) understand that planting the same crop repeatedly would exhaust the land. [4] ________, they alternate rice with legumes like soybeans. [5] ________ legumes can fix nitrogen from the air into the soil, [6] ________ (provide) natural fertilizer for the next crop. This method [7] ________ (be) both sustainable and effective. Another key element is water management. In southern China, intricate networks of canals and ponds [8] ________ (build) to irrigate terraced fields. [9] ________ system ensures that every plot receives enough water, [10] ________ wasting this precious resource. Passage 2: The Rise of Modern Agronomy in China Modern agronomy, the science of soil management and crop production, [1] ________ (play) a crucial role in China's food security. Agronomists work tirelessly to develop seeds that [2] ________ (be) more resistant to diseases and droughts. Their research often leads to [3] ________ (high) yields and better quality grains. [4] ________ important aspect is precision farming. By using sensors and drones, farmers can monitor field conditions [5] ________ (accurate). This data helps them make informed decisions about [6] ________ much water or fertilizer to use, [7] ________ (reduce) waste significantly. The government [8] ________ (strong) supports these technological advancements. [9] ________ a result, China has managed to feed nearly 20% of the world's population [10] ________ only about 9% of its arable land. Passage 3: Sustainable Farming: Organic Trends In response to environmental concerns, organic farming is gaining [1] ________ (popular) in China. This method avoids synthetic chemicals and [2] ________ (rely) on natural processes. Farmers use compost [3] ________ fertilize the soil and introduce beneficial insects to control pests. Consumers are increasingly [4] ________ (will) to pay a premium for organic produce, [5] ________ they believe it is healthier. However, organic farming typically requires [6] ________ (much) labor and can have lower outputs initially. To encourage this shift, many [7] ________ (university) now offer courses in organic agriculture. [8] ________ is a growing market both domestically and for export. The challenge lies [9] ________ balancing productivity [10] ________ ecological protection. Passage 4: The Story of Hybrid Rice No discussion of Chinese agriculture is complete [1] ________ mentioning Yuan Longping, known as the "Father of Hybrid Rice." His [2] ________ (breakthrough) work in the 1970s led to the development of high-yield hybrid rice strains. These strains [3] ________ (significant) increased grain output, helping to avert famine for millions. Hybrid rice is created by [4] ________ (cross) different parental lines to produce offspring with superior traits. [5] ________ process is complex and requires [6] ________ (care) selection. Today, hybrid rice technology [7] ________ (apply) not only across China but also in many other countries. Yuan's dedication [8] ________ his research serves as [9] ________ inspiration to scientists worldwide, [10] ________ (demonstrate) how science can serve humanity. Passage 5: Technology in Agriculture: Smart Greenhouses [1] ________ traditional farming is often at the mercy of the weather, smart greenhouses offer a [2] ________ (control) environment. In China, these high-tech facilities are becoming increasingly common. Sensors automatically adjust temperature, humidity, and light levels [3] ________ create optimal growing conditions. [4] ________ means vegetables can be grown all year round, regardless of the season outside. The water used here is recycled, [5] ________ (make) the system highly water-efficient. [6] ________ main advantage is the drastic reduction in pesticide use, as the sealed environment keeps most pests out. [7] ________ (operate) such a greenhouse requires technical knowledge, [8] ________ it represents the future of [9] ________ (efficient) and clean agriculture. For urban areas, it promises a more [10] ________ (rely) supply of fresh produce. Passage 6: The Role of Agricultural Cooperatives For small-scale farmers in China, joining an agricultural cooperative can be a game-changer. [1] ________ pooling their resources, members can achieve economies of scale. They can purchase seeds and fertilizer in bulk at lower prices and share [2] ________ (expense) machinery like harvesters. Cooperatives also provide [3] ________ (value) training on the latest farming techniques. [4] ________ (equal) important, they help farmers connect directly [5] ________ supermarkets or online platforms, [6] ________ (allow) them to get a better price for their goods and bypass middlemen. This collective model [7] ________ (strength) the bargaining power of individual farmers. It fosters a sense of community and [8] ________ (share) responsibility. As a result, farmers' incomes become [9] ________ (stable) and their livelihoods more secure, [10] ________ benefits the entire rural economy. Passage 7: Ancient Irrigation Systems: The Dujiangyan Built over 2,200 years ago, the Dujiangyan irrigation system is [1] ________ testament to ancient Chinese engineering genius. [2] ________ of building a dam, its creators cleverly diverted the Min River through a mountain. This design uses natural topography to control water flow, [3] ________ (prevent) floods in the rainy season and providing irrigation in the dry season. What's most [4] ________ (astonish) is that it still functions perfectly today, watering vast farmland in Sichuan Province. [5] ________ system has made the region one of China's most [6] ________ (product) agricultural bases, known as the "Land of Abundance." It requires minimal maintenance and operates [7] ________ any external power source. Dujiangyan stands as a symbol of [8] ________ (harmony) coexistence between humans and nature. Every year, many visitors come [9] ________ marvel at this timeless wonder [10] ________ continues to serve the people. Passage 8: Agricultural Education and the Next Generation Ensuring the future of agriculture depends on [1] ________ (inspire) young people. In China, agricultural universities are [2] ________ (active) working to make farming appear more modern and attractive. Curricula now include high-tech subjects like bioinformatics and drone operation, alongside [3] ________ (tradition) agronomy. Students are encouraged to participate in hands-on projects on experimental farms. The government offers scholarships and startup funds to graduates [4] ________ wish to pursue careers in rural areas or agri-business. [5] ________ goal is not only to pass on knowledge but also to foster [6] ________ (innovate). By showing that farming can be a smart, [7] ________ (respect) profession, educators hope to change public perception. [8] ________ young, talented minds enter the field, they bring new ideas that are [9] ________ (essence) for tackling future challenges like climate change and food safety. Their involvement is key to [10] ________ sustainable rural development. Passage 9: Combating Desertification through Agri-Forestry In northern China, desertification poses a serious threat to farmland. [1] ________ (combat) this, a large-scale agri-forestry project known as the "Green Great Wall" has been implemented. The idea is [2] ________ plant drought-resistant trees and shrubs alongside crops. These vegetation belts act as windbreaks, [3] ________ (slow) down the encroaching sand and reducing soil erosion. Over time, the microclimate improves, and soil quality [4] ________ (gradual) recovers. Farmers are taught techniques for growing suitable cash crops in these marginal lands. This [5] ________ (integrate) approach turns a problem into an opportunity. [6] ________ requires long-term commitment, [7] ________ the results are promising. The newly stabilized land can support both forestry and [8] ________ (limit) agriculture, providing income for local communities. It's a vivid example of using ecological methods to restore [9] ________ (product) to damaged landscapes. Such efforts are vital for [10] ________ nation's environmental security. Passage 10: From Field to Table: The Food Supply Chain Modern Chinese agriculture is part of a complex global supply chain. After [1] ________ (harvest), crops must be sorted, packaged, and transported quickly to maintain [2] ________ (fresh). Cold chain logistics, which involves refrigerated storage and transport, is [3] ________ (increase) important for perishable goods like fruits and vegetables. This technology minimizes spoilage and ensures food safety. [4] ________ the consumer end, e-commerce platforms have revolutionized access. People in cities can now order farm produce online and have it delivered to their doorstep within hours. This direct link [5] ________ farmers and consumers reduces waste and allows farmers to receive [6] ________ (fair) prices. Tracking systems using QR codes let consumers know the exact origin of their food, [7] ________ (build) trust. [8] ________ the chain grows more efficient, it also faces challenges like higher energy costs and the need for strict quality control. Managing this chain effectively is crucial for a stable and [9] ________ (rely) food supply for China's vast population, making agriculture not just about growing food, but about smart [10] ________ (distribute) as well. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高考英语语法填空主题专项训练 ——中国的农业与农学 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 Passage 1: The Wisdom of Traditional Chinese Agriculture For thousands of years, Chinese agriculture [1] ________ (operate) in harmony with nature. One [2] ________ (remark) practice is crop rotation, which helps maintain soil fertility. Farmers [3] ________ (deep) understand that planting the same crop repeatedly would exhaust the land. [4] ________, they alternate rice with legumes like soybeans. [5] ________ legumes can fix nitrogen from the air into the soil, [6] ________ (provide) natural fertilizer for the next crop. This method [7] ________ (be) both sustainable and effective. Another key element is water management. In southern China, intricate networks of canals and ponds [8] ________ (build) to irrigate terraced fields. [9] ________ system ensures that every plot receives enough water, [10] ________ wasting this precious resource. 答案与解析： 1. has operated (实词。根据时间状语“For thousands of years”，谓语动词需用现在完成时。) 2. remarkable (实词。形容词修饰名词“practice”。) 3. deeply (实词。副词修饰动词“understand”。) 4. Instead (虚词。逻辑副词，表示替代或转折关系。) 5. because / as / since (虚词。从属连词，引导原因状语从句。) 6. providing (实词。现在分词作伴随状语，表示主动和同时进行的动作。) 7. is (实词。主语“This method”为单数，需用一般现在时第三人称单数。) 8. are built (实词。主语“networks”与动词“build”为被动关系，描述事实可用一般现在时。) 9. The (虚词。定冠词，指代前文提到的灌溉系统。) 10. without (虚词。介词，表示“没有，不”，后接动名词。) Passage 2: The Rise of Modern Agronomy in China Modern agronomy, the science of soil management and crop production, [1] ________ (play) a crucial role in China's food security. Agronomists work tirelessly to develop seeds that [2] ________ (be) more resistant to diseases and droughts. Their research often leads to [3] ________ (high) yields and better quality grains. [4] ________ important aspect is precision farming. By using sensors and drones, farmers can monitor field conditions [5] ________ (accurate). This data helps them make informed decisions about [6] ________ much water or fertilizer to use, [7] ________ (reduce) waste significantly. The government [8] ________ (strong) supports these technological advancements. [9] ________ a result, China has managed to feed nearly 20% of the world's population [10] ________ only about 9% of its arable land. 答案与解析： 1. plays (实词。主语为单数，可用一般现在时。) 2. are (实词。定语从句主语“seeds”为复数，谓语动词需用“are”。) 3. higher (实词。形容词比较级修饰名词“yields”。) 4. Another (虚词。限定词，与上文呼应，表示“另一个”。) 5. accurately (实词。副词修饰动词“monitor”。) 6. how (虚词。连接副词，引导宾语从句，表示程度或方式。) 7. reducing (实词。现在分词作结果状语。) 8. strongly (实词。副词修饰动词“supports”。) 9. As (虚词。固定搭配“As a result”。) 10. with (虚词。介词，表示“用，凭借”。) Passage 3: Sustainable Farming: Organic Trends In response to environmental concerns, organic farming is gaining [1] ________ (popular) in China. This method avoids synthetic chemicals and [2] ________ (rely) on natural processes. Farmers use compost [3] ________ fertilize the soil and introduce beneficial insects to control pests. Consumers are increasingly [4] ________ (will) to pay a premium for organic produce, [5] ________ they believe it is healthier. However, organic farming typically requires [6] ________ (much) labor and can have lower outputs initially. To encourage this shift, many [7] ________ (university) now offer courses in organic agriculture. [8] ________ is a growing market both domestically and for export. The challenge lies [9] ________ balancing productivity [10] ________ ecological protection. 答案与解析： 1. popularity (实词。动词“gain”后需接名词。) 2. relies (实词。主语“This method”为单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数。) 3. to (虚词。动词不定式符号，表目的。) 4. willing (实词。形容词作表语，构成“be willing to”结构。) 5. because / as / since (虚词。从属连词，引导原因状语从句。) 6. more (实词。形容词比较级修饰不可数名词“labor”。) 7. universities (实词。被“many”修饰，需用名词复数。) 8. There / It (虚词。存在句“There is...”或代词“It”指代市场。) 9. in (虚词。固定搭配“lie in”（在于）。) 10. with (虚词。固定搭配“balance A with B”。) Passage 4: The Story of Hybrid Rice No discussion of Chinese agriculture is complete [1] ________ mentioning Yuan Longping, known as the "Father of Hybrid Rice." His [2] ________ (breakthrough) work in the 1970s led to the development of high-yield hybrid rice strains. These strains [3] ________ (significant) increased grain output, helping to avert famine for millions. Hybrid rice is created by [4] ________ (cross) different parental lines to produce offspring with superior traits. [5] ________ process is complex and requires [6] ________ (care) selection. Today, hybrid rice technology [7] ________ (apply) not only across China but also in many other countries. Yuan's dedication [8] ________ his research serves as [9] ________ inspiration to scientists worldwide, [10] ________ (demonstrate) how science can serve humanity. 答案与解析： 1. without (虚词。介词，构成“not complete without...”固定表达。) 2. breakthrough (实词。名词作定语修饰“work”。) 3. significantly (实词。副词修饰动词“increased”。) 4. crossing (实词。动名词作介词“by”的宾语。) 5. The (虚词。定冠词，特指前文提到的杂交过程。) 6. careful (实词。形容词修饰名词“selection”。) 7. is applied (实词。主语“technology”与动词为被动关系，需用一般现在时被动语态。) 8. to (虚词。固定搭配“dedication to”。) 9. an (虚词。不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的单词前。) 10. demonstrating (实词。现在分词作伴随状语。) Passage 5: Technology in Agriculture: Smart Greenhouses [1] ________ traditional farming is often at the mercy of the weather, smart greenhouses offer a [2] ________ (control) environment. In China, these high-tech facilities are becoming increasingly common. Sensors automatically adjust temperature, humidity, and light levels [3] ________ create optimal growing conditions. [4] ________ means vegetables can be grown all year round, regardless of the season outside. The water used here is recycled, [5] ________ (make) the system highly water-efficient. [6] ________ main advantage is the drastic reduction in pesticide use, as the sealed environment keeps most pests out. [7] ________ (operate) such a greenhouse requires technical knowledge, [8] ________ it represents the future of [9] ________ (efficient) and clean agriculture. For urban areas, it promises a more [10] ________ (rely) supply of fresh produce. 答案与解析： 1. While (虚词。从属连词，引导让步状语从句表示对比。) 2. controlled (实词。过去分词作定语，修饰“environment”，表被动。) 3. to (虚词。动词不定式符号，表目的。) 4. It (虚词。代词，指代前一句的整体情况。) 5. making (实词。现在分词作结果状语。) 6. The (虚词。限定词，特指“这个”。) 7. Operating (实词。动名词作主语。) 8. and (虚词。并列连词，表示递进。) 9. efficiency (实词。介词“of”后需接名词。) 10. reliable (实词。形容词修饰名词“supply”。) Passage 6: The Role of Agricultural Cooperatives For small-scale farmers in China, joining an agricultural cooperative can be a game-changer. [1] ________ pooling their resources, members can achieve economies of scale. They can purchase seeds and fertilizer in bulk at lower prices and share [2] ________ (expense) machinery like harvesters. Cooperatives also provide [3] ________ (value) training on the latest farming techniques. [4] ________ (equal) important, they help farmers connect directly [5] ________ supermarkets or online platforms, [6] ________ (allow) them to get a better price for their goods and bypass middlemen. This collective model [7] ________ (strength) the bargaining power of individual farmers. It fosters a sense of community and [8] ________ (share) responsibility. As a result, farmers' incomes become [9] ________ (stable) and their livelihoods more secure, [10] ________ benefits the entire rural economy. 答案与解析： 1. By (虚词。介词，表示方式。) 2. expensive (实词。形容词修饰名词“machinery”。) 3. valuable (实词。形容词修饰名词“training”。) 4. Equally (实词。副词修饰形容词“important”。) 5. with (虚词。固定搭配“connect with”。) 6. allowing (实词。现在分词作结果状语。) 7. strengthens (实词。主语“model”为单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数。) 8. shared (实词。过去分词作定语，修饰“responsibility”，表“共同的”。) 9. more stable (实词。形容词比较级，构成“become + 比较级”结构。) 10. which (虚词。关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句。) Passage 7: Ancient Irrigation Systems: The Dujiangyan Built over 2,200 years ago, the Dujiangyan irrigation system is [1] ________ testament to ancient Chinese engineering genius. [2] ________ of building a dam, its creators cleverly diverted the Min River through a mountain. This design uses natural topography to control water flow, [3] ________ (prevent) floods in the rainy season and providing irrigation in the dry season. What's most [4] ________ (astonish) is that it still functions perfectly today, watering vast farmland in Sichuan Province. [5] ________ system has made the region one of China's most [6] ________ (product) agricultural bases, known as the "Land of Abundance." It requires minimal maintenance and operates [7] ________ any external power source. Dujiangyan stands as a symbol of [8] ________ (harmony) coexistence between humans and nature. Every year, many visitors come [9] ________ marvel at this timeless wonder [10] ________ continues to serve the people. 答案与解析： 1. a (虚词。可数名词“testament”需加不定冠词。) 2. Instead (虚词。与“of”连用，表示“而不是”。) 3. preventing (实词。现在分词与“providing”并列作伴随状语。) 4. astonishing (实词。形容词用于“What's most + adj.”结构。) 5. The (虚词。定冠词，特指该灌溉系统。) 6. productive (实词。形容词作定语修饰“bases”。) 7. without (虚词。介词，表示“没有”。) 8. harmonious (实词。形容词修饰名词“coexistence”。) 9. to (虚词。动词不定式符号，表目的。) 10. that / which (虚词。关系代词引导定语从句修饰“wonder”。) Passage 8: Agricultural Education and the Next Generation Ensuring the future of agriculture depends on [1] ________ (inspire) young people. In China, agricultural universities are [2] ________ (active) working to make farming appear more modern and attractive. Curricula now include high-tech subjects like bioinformatics and drone operation, alongside [3] ________ (tradition) agronomy. Students are encouraged to participate in hands-on projects on experimental farms. The government offers scholarships and startup funds to graduates [4] ________ wish to pursue careers in rural areas or agri-business. [5] ________ goal is not only to pass on knowledge but also to foster [6] ________ (innovate). By showing that farming can be a smart, [7] ________ (respect) profession, educators hope to change public perception. [8] ________ young, talented minds enter the field, they bring new ideas that are [9] ________ (essence) for tackling future challenges like climate change and food safety. Their involvement is key to [10] ________ sustainable rural development. 答案与解析： 1. inspiring (实词。动名词作介词“on”的宾语。) 2. actively (实词。副词修饰动词“working”。) 3. traditional (实词。形容词修饰名词“agronomy”。) 4. who (虚词。关系代词引导定语从句修饰“graduates”。) 5. The (虚词。定冠词，特指上文提到的整体目标。) 6. innovation (实词。动词“foster”后接名词。) 7. respected (实词。过去分词作定语，修饰“profession”，表“受尊敬的”。) 8. When / As (虚词。从属连词，引导时间状语从句。) 9. essential (实词。形容词作表语。) 10. achieving / ensuring (实词。动名词作介词“to”的宾语。) Passage 9: Combating Desertification through Agri-Forestry In northern China, desertification poses a serious threat to farmland. [1] ________ (combat) this, a large-scale agri-forestry project known as the "Green Great Wall" has been implemented. The idea is [2] ________ plant drought-resistant trees and shrubs alongside crops. These vegetation belts act as windbreaks, [3] ________ (slow) down the encroaching sand and reducing soil erosion. Over time, the microclimate improves, and soil quality [4] ________ (gradual) recovers. Farmers are taught techniques for growing suitable cash crops in these marginal lands. This [5] ________ (integrate) approach turns a problem into an opportunity. [6] ________ requires long-term commitment, [7] ________ the results are promising. The newly stabilized land can support both forestry and [8] ________ (limit) agriculture, providing income for local communities. It's a vivid example of using ecological methods to restore [9] ________ (product) to damaged landscapes. Such efforts are vital for [10] ________ nation's environmental security. 答案与解析： 1. To combat (实词。动词不定式作目的状语。) 2. to (虚词。动词不定式符号，用于“The idea is to do...”结构。) 3. slowing (实词。现在分词与“reducing”并列作伴随状语。) 4. gradually (实词。副词修饰动词“recovers”。) 5. integrated (实词。形容词修饰名词“approach”，表示“综合的”。) 6. It (虚词。代词，指代前文的“This integrated approach”。) 7. but (虚词。并列连词，表示转折。) 8. limited (实词。形容词作定语，修饰“agriculture”，表示“有限的”。) 9. productivity (实词。动词“restore”后接名词。) 10. the (虚词。定冠词，用于特指“国家的”。) Passage 10: From Field to Table: The Food Supply Chain Modern Chinese agriculture is part of a complex global supply chain. After [1] ________ (harvest), crops must be sorted, packaged, and transported quickly to maintain [2] ________ (fresh). Cold chain logistics, which involves refrigerated storage and transport, is [3] ________ (increase) important for perishable goods like fruits and vegetables. This technology minimizes spoilage and ensures food safety. [4] ________ the consumer end, e-commerce platforms have revolutionized access. People in cities can now order farm produce online and have it delivered to their doorstep within hours. This direct link [5] ________ farmers and consumers reduces waste and allows farmers to receive [6] ________ (fair) prices. Tracking systems using QR codes let consumers know the exact origin of their food, [7] ________ (build) trust. [8] ________ the chain grows more efficient, it also faces challenges like higher energy costs and the need for strict quality control. Managing this chain effectively is crucial for a stable and [9] ________ (rely) food supply for China's vast population, making agriculture not just about growing food, but about smart [10] ________ (distribute) as well. 答案与解析： 1. being harvested (实词。动名词（被动）作介词“after”的宾语。) 2. freshness (实词。动词“maintain”后接名词。) 3. increasingly (实词。副词修饰形容词“important”。) 4. At (虚词。固定搭配“at the ... end”。) 5. between (虚词。介词，表示两者之间。) 6. fairer (实词。形容词比较级修饰名词“prices”。) 7. building (实词。现在分词作结果状语。) 8. As / While (虚词。从属连词，引导时间或让步状语从句。) 9. reliable (实词。形容词与“stable”并列，修饰“food supply”。) 10. distribution (实词。形容词“smart”修饰名词。) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $