内容正文:
艺术生文化课考前100天英语
专题七
定语从句
◆◆
感悟真题悟考向
l.(2025·新课标全国I卷)An exhibition at
lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car
the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is
accident,crossed 40 cities and counties in
featuring artwork inspired by Go,or weigi in
three provinces.
Chinese,
originated in China more
7.(2022·新高考全国I卷)The GPNP is
than 4,000 years ago.
intended to provide stronger protection for
2.(2025·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)Yet now,I live in
all the species
live within the Giant
the countryside of Zhejiang,China with my
Panda Range and significantly improve the
Chinese husband and his family,
health of the ecosystem in the area.
bamboo and tea bushes(灌木)grow wild in
8.(2022·淅江卷)Kim Cobb,a professor at the
the mountains,chickens are always free-
Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta,is
range,and central heating doesn't exist.
one of a small but growing minority of
3.(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural
academics
are cutting back on their
elements commemorating(纪念)Tang
air travel because of climate change.
Xianzu,
、is known as“the
9.(2o21·浙江卷)BMI is an internationally
Shakespeare of Asia,"add an international
recognized measurement tool
gives
character to Stratford-upon-Avon,William
an indication of whether someone is a
Shakespeare's hometown.
healthy weight.
4.(2023·全国甲卷)Yet,the form of the fable
l0.(2020·全国卷I)Because the moon's body
still has values today,
Rachel
blocks direct radio communication with a
Carson says in“A Fable for Tomorrow”.
probe,China first had to put a satellite in
5.(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town
orbit above the moon in a spot
it
in the heart of America
all life
could send signals to the spacecraft and to
seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with
Earth,
its surroundings,"her fable begins...
ll.(2o20·全国卷Ⅲ)In ancient China lived an
6.(2022·全国甲卷)On the1,100-kilometer
artist
paintings were almost
journey,the man Cao Shengkang,
lifelike.
点拨规则明技法、
一、关系代词的用法
代词;
l.关系代词that与which的用法辨析
(2)先行词被all,any,every,no,little,
只用that的情况:
much,some等词修饰;
(l)先行词是all,something,everything,
(3)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰,或
anything,nothing,little,much,few等不定
先行词本身是序数词或形容词最高级;
138
第二部分语法突破篇
(4)先行词被the only,the very(正是,恰
She married again,as we expected.
是),the last等修饰;
正如我们预料的那样,她再婚了。
(5)先行词中既有人也有物;
3.其他关系代词的用法辨析
(6)在which或who引导的特殊疑问句中含
关系代词
先行词
在从句中所作成分
有定语从句;
主语、宾语(限制性定语
who
(7)先行词是the way.,并在定语从句中充当
从句中可省略)、表语
状语时,关系代词用that/in which或省略关
宾语(限制性定语从句
whom
系词。
中可省略)
This is the very film that I want to see.
whose(-of
人或物
定语
这正是我想看的一部影片。
whom/of which
The famous writer and his book that you
Each graduate standing on the playground,
referred to just now are well-known now.
who was accompanied by a parent,would be
你刚才提到的那位著名作家和他的书现在非
awarded a diploma by the headmaster.
常有名。
每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场
只用which的情况:
上,等待校长给他们颁发文凭
(1)引导非限制性定语从句;
My daughter,whose job requires her to do a
(2)关系代词充当介词的宾语,且介词位于关
lot of travelling,is always away from home.
我的女儿总不在家,她的工作需要经常出差。
系代词之前;
二、关系副词的用法
(3)引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句,代
关系副词指代的先行词及其作用
替主句所表示的整体或部分概念。
The result was not the same as they had
关系
在从句中
与“介词+关系
先行词
expected,which was rather disappointing.
副词
的作用
代词”的关系
结果与他们当初预料的不一样,这让人觉得
表示时间的名词:
作时间
=at/in/on/
when
很失望。
time,day,year等
状语
during which
2.which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别
表示场所的名词:
作地点
=in/at/to/
park,place,
where
类别
which
as
状语
on which
country,house等
只能放在先
位置灵活,可位于句首、句
表示理由的名词:
作原因
位置上
why
-for which
行词的后面
中也可置于句末
the reason
状语
谓语动词通常是表示感觉
We live in an age when more i
information is
无动词的
或心理活动的动词,如
搭配上
available with great ease than ever before.
限制
see,hear,know,expect,
我们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得
remember等
更多信息的时代。
正如…,正像…的
意思上
这一点
Ancient China was a place where states were
那样
often at war with each other.
She married again,which was unexpected.
古代中国是各诸侯国之间经常发生战争的地方。
她再婚了,这是始料不及的。
Can you tell me the reason why(=for which)
139
艺术生文化课考前100天英语
you are late again?
在黑暗的街道上,没有一个她可以求助的人。
你能告诉我你又迟到了的原因吗?
(turn to sb.for help)
【点睛】
2 Physics is the subject in which every
(1)当先行词为point,position,situation,
student in our school is interested.
stage,state,case,scene等抽象名词且关系词
物理是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课
在从句中作状语时,后也常用where引导定语
程。(be interested in)
从句。
(2)根据与先行词搭配的具体含义而定。
He said if we really got to the point where we
I'll never forget the time during which I spent
needed to use life jackets,he would have
my childhood in the country.
already died of terror.
我永远不会忘记我在乡下度过童年的那段时
他说如果我们真的到了需要用救生衣的地步,
光。(during that time)
他早就吓死了。
(3)根据所表达的意思来确定。
(2)reason作先行词时,若关系词在从句中作主
The colorless gas without which we can't live
语或宾语,定语从句要用that或which引导。
is called oxygen.
The boss doesn't want to hear any reason(that/
这种无色的气体就是氧气,离了它我们无法
which)you give.
生存。
老板不想听你所给的任何理由。
3.“介词十关系代词”结构的变式
三、“介词十关系代词”结构
(1)“介词十关系代词十不定式”结构:
1.“介词+关系代词”结构的用法
“介词十关系代词”引导的定语从句有时可以
“介词十关系代词”既能引导限制性定语从
与“介词十关系代词十不定式”转换。
句,又能引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指
1She must have time in which she could
物时,关系代词用which;先行词指人时,关系
grow calm (=in which to grow calm).
代词用whom;关系代词whose与所修饰的名
她需要时间冷静。
词也可同时放在介词之后。
2Frank's dream is to have his own garden in
The USA is a large country in which many
which he can produce many beautiful flowers
different dialects are spoken
(=in which to produce many beautiful flowers).
美国是一个大国,有着许许多多不同的方言。
弗兰克的梦想是拥有自己的花园,在里面可
He is the person on whom you can depend.
以种植许多漂亮的花。
他是你可以信赖的人。
(2)“名词/代词/数词+介词十关系代词”结构:
He was the man from whose room the thief
DHe told us a story in English,the meaning
had stolen his bag.
of which I couldn't understand completely.
他就是被小偷从房间里偷走包的那个人。
他用英语给我们讲了一个故事,我不能完全
2.“介词十关系代词”结构中介词的确定
理解它的意思。
(1)根据定语从句中动词、形容词所需要的某
2There are about 400 students in our grade,
种习惯搭配来确定。
most of whom are from Haidian District.
DIn the dark street,there wasn't a single
我们年级大约有400名学生,其中大多数来
person to whom she could turn for help.
自海淀区。
-1404.and解析:考查连词。根据语境可知,international cooperation
和cultural exchanges之间为并列关系。故填并列连词and。
5.and解析:考查连词。空后的“leaving...”和上文中的
“protecting,,”“preserving,,”“protecting,,”之间为并列
关系,应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
6.and解析:考查连词。分析句子结构可知,空格后的动词
offers与前面的动词highlights构成并列关系。故填and。
7.and解析:考查连词。分析句子结构可知,此空前后连接两
个that引导的宾语从句,且根据语境可知,前后两个从句之间
是并列关系。故填并列连词and。
8.When/As解析:考查状语从句。这是一个主从复合句,逗号
前面是时间状语从句。句意:当他问河两岸的村民哪里能找
到那位传奇艺术家时,他们笑着指向河边。应用when或as
引导,且首字母需大写。故填When或As。
9.or解析:考查并列连词。根据句意“他们把收藏品保存在家
中直到收藏数量过大或者直到他们去世…”可知,填入表示
选择关系的并列连词。故填or。
l0.and解析:考查并列连词。根据句意“首先我把西红柿切片
并把它们放在一边”可知,cut与put是顺承关系。故填and。
11.but/yet解析:考查并列连词。根据句意“事实上,我在七岁
时开始学习功夫,但是我已经长时间没有练习了”可知,前后
是转折关系。故填but或yet。
12.but解析:考查并列连词。分析句子结构并根据句意“…
我工作不是因为我不得不工作,而是因为我想工作”可知,使
用了固定句式not.but.“不是…而是…”。故
填but。
13.and解析:考查并列连词。根据句意“…我重新考虑了一
下我的目标,决定成为一名医生”可知,两个动作之间为顺承
关系。故填and。
专题七定语从句
【感悟真题悟考向】
1.which解析:考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导
非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词G0,并在定语从句中作主语,
指物。故填which。
2.where解析:考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导
定语从句,修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang,并在定语
从句中作地,点状语,故用关系副词引导。故填where.。
3.who解析:考查定语从句。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行
词为“Tang Xianzu'”,在非限制性定语从句中担当主语,表示
人,用关系代词who引导。故填who。
4.s解析:考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限
制性定语从句,从句缺少宾语,且先行词是前面的整个主句,
此处表示“正如”。故填as。
5.where解析:考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导
限制性定语从句,先行词是表示地,点的名词,关系词在从句中
作地,点状语,故填where。
6.wh0解析:考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非
限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Cao Shengkang。该定语从句缺
少主语,且先行词指人,需用wh0来引导该定语从句。故
填who。
7.that解析:考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定
语从句,修饰先行词species;空处在定语从句中作主语,先行
词species前有all修饰,故只能用that来引导该定语从句。
故填that。
8.who/that解析:考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引
导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为指代人的
academics。故填who或that。
9.that/which解析:考查定语从句。根据语境和句子结构可
知,空处引导定语从句,并在定语从句中作主语,而先行词ool
为物。故填关系代词that或which。
10.where解析:分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句且在从
句中作地,点状语。故填where。
1l.whose解析:考查定语从句。空前后是两个独立的句子,缺
少连接词,根据后面的paintings可知,空处应该和paintings
构成所属关系。故填whose。
专题八名词性从句
【感悟真题悟考向】
1.why解析:考查表语从句。根据句意“他们还需要准备好接
受国际记者的英文采访。这就是他们需要一个英语培训师的
原因”可知,此处考查固定句型“This is why.·.”。故填why。
2.whether/if解析:考查宾语从句。就Cobb而言,她开始询问
邀请她发言的会议组织者她是否可以远程发言。空处引导宾
语从句,表示“是否”。故填whether/if。
3.What解析:考查名词性从句。分析句子成分可知,“
is so breathtaking about the experience”是主语从句,空处在
从句中作主语,意为“…的东西或事”,且位于句首。故填What。
4.what解析:考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾
语从句,作depend on的宾语,且宾语从句中缺少主语,表示
“…的(东西)”。故填what。
5.that解析:考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导
同位语从句,解释说明evidence的具体内容,从句中不缺少成
分且意义完整。故填that。
6.w0解析:考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处作宾语
从句的主语,联系下文中me or the female gorilla可知,此处作
者把自己和大猩猩作对比,“我不知道我和大猩猩谁更害怕”。
故填who。
7.what解析:考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表
语从句,并在从句中作taught的宾语。故填what。
8.where解析:考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导
宾语从句,且从句中缺少地,点状语。故填where。.
9.where解析:考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,介词to之
后为宾语从句,而宾语从句中缺少地,点状语,应用where引
导。故填where。
专题九特殊句式
【感悟真题悟考向】
l.or解析:考查连词。whether…or.…意为“是…还