内容正文:
艺术生文化课考前100天英语
专题五
非谓语动词
◆感悟真题悟考向、
1.(2025·新课标全国I卷)“We hope
8.(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)They talk to the
(present)the rather abstract Go game and
flood of
international tourists and to
Al in a visual context,and initiate dialogues
visit)Chinese zookeepers who
with minimalist art,conceptual art and
often come to check on the pandas,which
expressionism.”
are on loan from China.
2.(2025·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)Growing up,my
9.(2o23·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging
family and our neighbors never used
the ancient and the modern.From Buddhist
clotheslines to dry clothing,denying me the
temples to museums,narrow hutong to royal
chance
(discover)one of the great
palaces,it is home to more than 3,000 years
wonders of sunshine-the sweet "sunshine
of glorious history even down to its layout,
scent"after sunning clothes for an
with the city keeping its carefully
entire day.
(build)system of ring roads.
3.(2025·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)If you've never
10.(2023·全国乙卷)
(visit)several
experienced the“sunshine scent'”from a
times over the last 10 years,I was amazed
sheet or shirt
(leave)to sun for a
by the co-existence of old and new,and
day,well,you're missing out on one of life's
how a city was able to keep such a rich
wonders.
heritage(遗产)while constantly growing.
4.(2024·新课标全国I卷)These sepals open
11.(2023·全国乙卷)As a photographer,.I
on warm days
(give)the inside
have spent the last two years
plants sunshine and fresh air.
(record)everything I discovered.
5.(2023·新课标全国I卷)Shanghai may be
12.(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years,.
the
(recognize)home of the soup
people have told fables(寓言)
dumplings,but food historians will actually
point you to the neighboring canal town of
(teach)a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
l3.(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town
Nanxiang as xiaolongbao's birthplace.
6.(2023·新课标全国I卷)Nanxiang aside,
in the heart of America where all life
the best xiaolongbao have a fine skin,
seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with
(lift)out of the
its
allowing them
surroundings,”her
fable begins,
steamer basket without tearing or spilling
borrow)some familiar words
any of their contents.
from many age-old fables.
7.(2023·新课标全国I卷)No matter where I
l4.(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style,.
buy them,though,one steamer basket is
however,is a serious message
rarely enough,yet two seems greedy,and so
(intend)for everyone.
I am always left
(want)more next
15.(2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged
time.
man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步)40
-130
第二部分语法突破篇
days to Xi'an,as a first step
the world to have thirty-six hours of
(journey).the Belt and Road route(路线)
uninterrupted live broadcasts.
by foot.
20.(2022·新高考全国I卷)
(cover)
l6.(2o22·全国甲卷)Inspired by the Belt and
an area about three times the size of
Road Forum for International Cooperation
Yellowstone National Park,the GPNP will
(hold)in Beijing,Cao decided to
be one of the first national parks in the
cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬)
country.
to the ancient Silk Road.
21.(2022·新高考全国I卷)The plan will
extend protection to a significant number of
17.(2022·全国甲卷)He flew4,700
kilometers from Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept.
areas that were previously unprotected,
bringing many of the existing protected
20,
(plan)to hike back to Xi'an
areas for giant pandas under one authority
in five months.
increase )effectiveness and
18.(2022·全国乙卷)It can help to build a
reduce inconsistencies in management.
community with a
(share)future
22.(2022·浙江卷)But Cobb and others are
for mankind...
now
questioning that idea-pushing
19.(2022·全国乙卷)
(strengthen)
conferences to provide more chances to
the connection with young people,the event
participate remotely and
(change)
included a number of public promotional
their personal behavior to do their part in
activities on social media,
(invite)
dealing with the climate change crisis.
twenty-nine tea professionals from around
点拨规则明技法
~、非谓语动词的时态和语态
importance.
语态形式
明天举行的会议非常重要。
类别
时态形式
主动
被动
2.时间先后关系
般式
to do
to be done
根据它与谓语动词表示的动作之间的时间先
进行式
后关系定时态。
动词不定式
to be doing
(1)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动
to have been
完成式
to have done
done
词所表示的动作之后或同时发生,用非谓语
般式
doing
being done
动词的一般式。
动词-ing形式
完成式
having been
(2)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动
having done
done
词所表示的动作之前,用非谓语动词的完
动词ed形式
一般式
done
成式。
1.主动形式、被动形式
Having finished his homework,he went
非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)
to bed.
之间存在主谓或动宾关系。与逻辑主语之间
他完成作业之后就去睡觉了。
存在主谓关系时,用主动形式;与逻辑主语之
二、非谓语动词作状语
间存在动宾关系时,用被动形式。
1.动词不定式作状语,表示目的、结果、原因等
The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great
(I)作目的状语,有时用in order to或so as to。
131
艺术生文化课考前100天英语
We will continue our campaign to prevent
Absorbed in the book,he didn't notice me
and control air pollution to make our sky blue
enter the room.
again,
他完全被这本书所吸引,没有注意到我进入
我们将继续我们的运动,以预防和控制空气
房间。
污染,使我们的天空再次蔚蓝。
【点睛】
(2)作结果状语,常用结构enough to,too..
独立成分作状语,其形式不受上下文的影响。
to..,only to等。
常用的有considering that..(鉴于…;考
I'm too tired to stay up any longer.
虑到…);generally speaking(总的来说);
我太累了,实在不能熬夜了。
judging by/from..(从…来看;依据…
(3)作原因状语,此时常与表示情感的形容词连
来判断);supposing that.(假定…);
用,如glad,happy,frightened,surprised等。
providing that..(假定…);owing to..
I was frightened to find that in front of my
(由于…);talking/speaking of..(谈
door sat a dog.
及…);given that..(考虑到…);
我惊恐地发现门前坐着一只狗。
provided that..(如果…);to tell the
2.动词-ing形式作状语
truth(实话实说);to be honest(老实说)等。
动词-ing形式作状语,常表原因、伴随、时间、
三、非谓语动词作定语
结果等,与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓
1.动词不定式作定语
关系。
动词不定式作定语通常置于所修饰的名词或
His parents died,leaving him an orphan.
代词之后,与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的
他的父母去世了,他成了孤儿。
主谓关系、动宾关系或同位关系。
【点睛】
DShe is always the first to come and the last
动词不定式作结果状语时,常表示意想不到
to leave.(主谓关系)
的结果;而动词-ing形式作结果状语时,常表
她总是第一个到最后一个离开。
示自然而然的结果。
2I can't think of any good advice to give
3.过去分词作状语
her.(动宾关系)
(1)过去分词作状语,分词与句子主语之间存
我想不出任何好的建议给她。
在逻辑上的动宾关系。
3His last appeal to come and see her went
Seriously injured,she has to be sent to
unanswered.(同位关系)
hospital at once.
没有人答应他最后要来看她的请求。
她受了重伤,必须马上送往医院。
2.分词作定语
(2)某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化,且往
(1)现在分词作定语
往用于一些系表结构中,此时这些过去分词
该动词与被修饰的名词之间为主谓关系或用
既不表示被动,也不表示完成,而表示一种状
来表示正在进行的动作时,用动词ing形式。
态,如lost(迷路的),seated(坐着的),hidden
The lecture,starting at 7:00 p.m.last
(隐瞒的),lost/absorbed in(沉溺于),
night,was followed by an observation of the
dressed in(穿着…的),tired of(对…感
moon with telescopes.
到厌倦的)等。
这次演讲开始于昨天晚上7点,紧接着是用
132
第二部分
语法突破篇
望远镜观看月球的活动。
玩耍。
【点睛】
2.动词let,make,have,get,leave,.keep,find
被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示
后接非谓语动词形式作宾语补足语。
正在进行时,用现在分词的被动式作定语。
On the contrary,those who let teenagers
(2)过去分词作定语
experience the consequences of their actions
过去分词作定语,分词与被修饰的名词之间
can do better.
是逻辑上的动宾关系。
相反,那些让青少年体会了他们行为后果的
Tsinghua University,founded in 1911,is
人能够做得更优秀。
home to a great number of outstanding
3.固定短语,如advise/allow/encourage/
figures.
request/.warn sb.to do sth.等中,不定式形
始建于1911年的清华大学培养出了众多杰
式的非谓语动词作宾语补足语。
出人物。
4.with/without的复合结构:with/without-+名
【点睛】
词+doing(主动、进行)/done(被动、完成)/
作定语的不及物动词的分词形式有doing和
todo(目的、将来)。
done两种。doing表示正在进行;done表示
Without anyone noticing,I stole into the
已经完成。
room.
3.动名词作定语
没有人注意到,我偷偷溜进了房间。
表示被修饰词的某种用途,在意义上相当于
五、非谓语动词作宾语
“名词十for+doing”,此时动名词常置于被修
1.只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和短语有
饰词的前面。
suggest,imagine,mind,admit,practice,
DIn sight of Shackleton's landing place,our
allow,advise,risk,keep,keep on,avoid,
boat hit rock.
escape,enjoy,consider,excuse,finish,
在能看到沙克尔顿的登陆点时,我们的船触
miss,insist on,look forward to,feel like,
礁了。
get down to,object to等。
2No flying machine will fly from New York
We don't allow diving in the pool.
to Paris.
泳池内不准跳水。
没有飞行器会从纽约飞到巴黎。
2.只能跟不定式作宾语的动词和短语有wish,
四、非谓语动词作补足语
hope,decide,refuse,promise,pretend,
l.感官动词和短语(see,watch,observe,
manage,plan,fail,choose,would like等。
notice,look at,hear,listen to,feel)后面的
Your father has at last decided to stop
宾语补足语常见的非谓语动词形式有三种
smoking.
(do,doing,done)。do表示主动和完成(被
你的父亲终于决定戒烟了。
动句中不定式符号to要还原),doing表示主
【点睛】
动或正在进行,done表示被动或完成:
如果作宾语的不定式有宾语补足语,常用t
The missing boy was last seen playing near
作形式宾语,将真正的宾语后置。
the river.
I find it impossible to change her idea.
失踪的小男孩最后一次被看到时正在河边
我发现不可能改变她的想法。
133
艺术生文化课考前100天英语
3.既可跟动名词又可跟不定式的动词和短语有
六、非谓语动词作主语、表语
remember,forget,regret,stop,go on,
1.非谓语动词中能作主语的有动名词和不定式
mean,start,begin,try等。
(1)动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯
forget/remember to do sth忘记/记得去做某事;
性的动作,不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性
forget/,remember doing sth.忘记/记得做了
的或尚未发生的动作。
某事
Facing up to your problems rather than
regret to do sth.对要做某事感到遗憾;
running away from them is the best approach
regret doing sth.后悔做了某事
to working them out.
try to do sth.尽力去做某事;
直面问题而不是逃避问题才是解决问题的最
try doing sth.尝试做某事
佳途径。
(2)t作形式主语,代替真正作主语的动词不
mean to do想要/打算做;
mean doing意味着做
定式或动名词。常见句型有Itis/was no
use/good doing sth.,It is/was not any use/
DI meant to go,but my father would not
good doing sth.,It is/was of little use/good
allow me to.
doing sth.,It is/was useless doing sth.,It's
我想去,但是我的父亲不让我去。
a waste of time doing sth.,It is easy/
2To raise wage means increasing purchasing
important/vital/necessary/difficult to do sth.
power.
It's important for the figures to be updated
提高工资意味着增加购买力。
regularly.
4.“疑问词十不定式”结构
经常性地更新数据是非常重要的。
动词不定式可以与疑问代词及疑问副词(why
2.非谓语动词中能作表语的有现在分词、过去
除外)等连用,构成不定式短语,在句中作主
分词、动名词和不定式。
语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。
现在分词作表语意为“令人感到…的”,而
1I didn't know how to get back to the
过去分词作表语意为“感到…的”。
village.
Please describe a dog that is frightening.
我不知道怎样回到村子。
请描述一只令人害怕的狗。
2 Experience tells you what to do;
Please describe a dog that is frightened.
confidence allows you to do it.
请描述一只惊恐的狗。
经验告诉你应该做什么,而信心让你去实现
【点睛】
这件事。
get,become,look,seem,appear等系动词
5.固定结构“do/have/其他动词十sth,+but/
后可跟过去分词作表语,表示被动或主语的
except(to)do sth.”中的不定式用法。此结
状态。
构要遵循前有实义动词do,but后则无to,反
This quotation from Winston Churchill tells
之则有to的原则。
us that we shouldn't get discouraged right
She had no choice but to cry in the face of the
after failure.
difficulty.
温斯顿·丘吉尔的这句话告诉我们,失败之
面对困难,除了哭泣,她别无选择。
后不应该气馁。
134一般现在时,且根据句意“19到25之间的BMI(体重指数)被
认为是健康值”可知,BMI与consider之间为被动关系,故用
一般现在时的被动语态。故填is considered.。
l8.was built解析:考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可
知,空处在句中作谓语,与主语t构成动宾关系,故用被动语
态;且根据originally可知,此处描述的是过去的情况,故用
一般过去时。故填was built。.
l9.touched解析:考查动词的时态。根据句子结构可知,the
name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess
是对探测器名称的解释,可以看作是插入成分,故可判断出
空处是谓语动词。再根据句中的时间状语last week可
知,此处用一般过去时。touch down“降落,着陆”。故填
touched
专题五非谓语动词
【感悟真题悟考向】
L.to present解析:考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth.为固定搭
配,动词不定式作宾语,表示“希望做某事”。故填to present。.
2.to discover解析:考查非谓语动词。the chance to do sth,是
固定搭配,表示“做某事的机会”。此处指“(过去)没有机会发
现阳光的神奇之处”。故填to discover。
3.left解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处为非
谓语动词。逻辑主语a sheet or shirt与leave之间是被动关
系,故用过去分词left作后置定语,表被动,相当于which is
left。故填left.
4.to give解析:考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语,应用动词
不定式。故填to give。
5.recognized解析:考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作定语,修
饰名词home,且与home之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。故填过
去分词recognized。
6.to be lifted解析:考查非谓语动词。空前的them指代上文
的xiaolongbao,此处表示“小笼包被从蒸笼里拿出来”。them
与lift是逻辑上的动宾关系,此处构成allow sth.to be done
结构,意为“允许某事被做”。故填to be lifted。
7.wanting解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处
考查“leave sb.doing sth.”结构,表示“使我想着下次多
吃点”。故填wanting。.
8.visiting解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作
前置定语,修饰空后的“Chinese zookeepers”,visit与Chinese
zookeepers之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,此处意为“来访的中国
动物园管理员”。故填visiting。
9.built解析:考查非谓语动词。此处为with的复合结构。
system of ring roads与build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用
过去分词。故填built。
l0.Having visited解析:考查非谓语动词。结合句意及句中的
状语“over the last 10 years'”可知,visit所表示的动作已经发生多
次,且发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。故填aving visited。
ll.recording解析:考查非谓语动词。此处考查“spend some
time(in)doing sth.”结构。故填recording。
l2.to teach解析:考查非谓语动词。空处与后面的“or to pass'”
是并列关系。此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。
l3.borrowing解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,
begins是句子的谓语动词,空处为非谓语,与逻辑主语her
fable之间是主谓关系。故填现在分词borrowing。
l4.intended解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,is是
句子的谓语动词,空处为非谓语作后置定语。be intended for
是固定用法。故填过去分词intended。
l5.to journey解析:考查非谓语动词。a first step to do sth.为
固定搭配,意为“做某事的第一步”。所给词journey在句中
作动词,意为“旅行”。故填to journey。
l6.held解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句已有
谓语动词,故空处应填所给动词的非谓语动词形式。所给词
hold与其逻辑主语the Belt and Road Forum for International
Cooperation之间是动宾关系。故填held。
l7.planning解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句
已有谓语动词flew,故空处应填所给词的非谓语动词形式,
且主语He和plan之间是主动关系。故填planning。
l8.shared解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处需
填非谓语动词。所给动词share与其逻辑主语future之间是
动宾关系,故应用过去分词作定语,修饰名词future。故填
shared。
l9.第一个空填To strengthen解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:
为了加强与年轻人的联系,此次活动包括在社交媒体上(进
行)的许多公众宣传活动…空处应用动词不定式作目的状
语,且空处位于句首,故填To strengthen。
第二个空填inviting解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构
可知,空处应填非谓语动词,逻辑主语event与所给动词
invite之间是主动关系,故空处应填动词的-ing形式。故填
inviting。
2O.Covering解析:考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语the GPNP与
提示动词cover之间是主谓关系,所以此处应用动词的-ing
形式。空处位于句首,所填单词的首字母应大写,故填
Covering。
2l.to increase解析:考查非谓语动词。根据上下文语境可知,
该计划是要提高管理的有效性,并减少管理上的不一致。因
此空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。
22.changing解析:考查非谓语动词。空处与上文的pushing
并列解释说明idea。故填changing。
专题六并列句和状语从句
【感悟真题悟考向】
l.and解析:考查连词。此处连接两个并列动词adapt(适应)
和learn(学习),需用并列连词and。故填and。
2.and解析:考查连词。空前“hear the Chinese language”和空
后“see how Tang's play was being performed”为并列结构,用
and连接。故填and。
3.but/yet解析:考查连词。根据语境可知,前后分句之间是转
折关系。故填but/yet。