专题02 动词不定式和动名词作宾语（寒假复习讲义）八年级英语新教材外研版

专题02 动词不定式和动名词作宾语 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考/高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 知识精讲 动词不定式和动名词作宾语 ( 考点一 动词不定式作宾语 ) （1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+to do” 结构）常见的有： learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定 try 尽力 choose 选择 agree 同意 refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 offer 主动 would like / want 想要 expect 期望 hope / wish 希望 promise 承诺 afford 负担得起 prefer 喜欢 help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing) continue 继续(continue to do / doing) begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing) 如：I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。 （2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。 如：We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。 （3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构），常见的有：show 表明、指示；know 知道；tell 告诉；teach 教；learn 学习；decide 决定。 如：Larry didn’t know how to tell her the bad news. 拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。 ( 考点二 动名词作宾语 ) （1）作动词的宾语 某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语， 不能用不定式。常见的此类动词(词组)有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, enjoy, finish, keep, mind, practice, give up, suggest, consider, keep on, can't help(情不自禁)等。 如：I have already finished reading this book. 我已经读完这本书了。 （2）作介词的宾语 介词后如果接动词作宾语， 常要用动名词形式。如：think about, worry about, be/get used to, look forward to, pay attention to等。 如：We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制订新的计划。 We're looking forward to receiving your letter. 我们盼望收到你的来信。 其他带有动名词的常见结构： be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 spend time/money doing sth. 花时间/钱做某事　 have difficulty/problems/trouble/fun doing sth. 做某事有困难/乐趣 be worth doing sth 值得做某事 既可以接不定式又可以接动名词的动词 1. 有的动词后面既可接动词不定式， 也可接动名词作宾语， 意义不变。如：begin, start, hate, like, love等。 2. 有些动词后接不定式或动名词时， 意义差别较大。如： forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事(事还没做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(事已做) remember to do sth. 记得要做某事(事还没做) remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(事已做) stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事(去做另一件事) 　　　 stop doing sth. 停止做某事(不做了) try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 go on to do sth. 继续去做某事(继续做不同的事) 　 go on doing sth. 继续不停地做某事(同一动作的继续) 如：Don't forget to close the windows before you leave. 你离开前别忘记关窗户。 Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport? 你忘了在北京机场已经见过她了吗？ 好题精练 1．（25-26八年级上·安徽·期末）—Do you want ________ shopping with me? —Yes. Let’s go. A．go B．to go C．goes D．going 2．（25-26八年级上·云南昆明·月考）The fact that we are ready ________ the school sports meeting makes everyone excited. A．attend B．attending C．to attend D．attended 3．（25-26八年级上·福建莆田·期中）—What will your sister do tomorrow morning? —She plans ________ soccer with me if it’s sunny. A．practicing B．practices C．to practice 4．（25-26八年级上·江苏南京·期末）My sister hopes __________ a famous singer one day. A．become B．becomes C．becoming D．to become 5．（24-25八年级上·云南文山·期末）The winter vacation is coming. Jim decides ________ a trip to Kunming with his family. A．take B．took C．to take D．taking 6．（24-25八年级上·北京门头沟·期末）—What did you do to help the boy? —We tried ________ the boy to a comfortable place. A．move B．moved C．moving D．to move 7．（25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）Though I’m an adult now, I still find it difficult ________ with pressure. A．deal B．to deal C．dealing D．dealt 8．（22-23八年级下·全国·单元测试）I wasn’t sure what ________ for my school project, so I asked my dad what I should do. A．write B．writing C．wrote D．to write 9．（24-25八年级上·黑龙江绥化·期末）We don’t allow _________ in our offices, but we allow people ________ in the smoking rooms. A．to smoke ; to smoke B．smoking; smoking C．smoking; to smoke 10．（24-25八年级上·福建三明·期末）Many children spend too much time ________ computer games now. It’s bad for their studies. A．play B．playing C．to play 11．（24-25八年级上·四川广安·期末）You must stop _________ football in the busy street. It’s too dangerous. A．playing B．play C．to play 12．（24-25八年级上·安徽六安·期末）—Would you like ________ swimming with me this afternoon? —Sorry, it’s too hot. I feel like ________ a cartoon on TV at home. A．going; watching B．to go; watch C．going; to watch D．to go; watching 13．（25-26八年级上·福建福州·期中）—Tom, you look worried. What’s up? —I have difficulty ________ the new science class today. A．understanding B．to understand C．understood 14．（24-25九年级上·安徽安庆·期中）They were wondering where ________ the office party and I suggested ________ to the Chinese restaurant near the station. A．to hold; going B．holds; to go C．to hold; to go D．holding; going 15．（24-25八年级上·重庆·期末）She is preparing for the final exam because she looks forward to ________ good grades. A．get B．getting C．got D．gets 16．（24-25八年级下·甘肃陇南·期末）—Why are you so quiet? —Because I’m considering ________ a new car. A．buy B．bought C．buying D．to buy 17．（24-25八年级下·黑龙江绥化·期末）The film is worth _________. I want to see it for the second time. A．see B．seeing C．sees 18．（23-24八年级上·吉林辽源·期末）—Remember ________ to my daughter’s dance show next Friday. —Of course I will. I’ll never forget ________ her dance for the first time last year A．to come; to see B．coming; to see C．to come; seeing 19．（22-23八年级下·黑龙江绥化·期末）He is rich, but he isn’t happy because he’s always worried about ________ his money. A．to lose B．lose C．losing 20．（24-25八年级上·天津和平·期末）—Why didn’t the surgeon stop ________ supper? —Because he was too busy ________a dying patient at that time. A．to have, saving B．to have, to save C．having, saving D．having, to save 真题感知 1．（2024·四川·中考真题）—What are you going to do this summer vacation? —I plan ________ my cousin in Hangzhou. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 2．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A．hundreds, to buy B．hundreds, buy C．hundred, to buy 3．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）Qiqi hopes ________ medicine in Sichuan University. A．studies B．studying C．to study 4．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—Jack, remember ________ off the lights when you leave your bedroom. —OK, I will. A．turned B．turn C．turning D．to turn 5．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—How do you improve your English listening skills? —I spend about twenty minutes ________ English videos every day. A．watch B．to watch C．watching 6．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）The teachers used to ________ key points on the blackboard, but now they are getting used to ________ them through PPTs. A．write; showing B．writing; show C．write; show D．writing; showing 7．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）By reading the public signs, he had no difficulty in _______ the shopping mall. A．find B．found C．to find D．finding 8．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My little brother suggested ________ for a walk. A．to go B．going C．goes 综合提升练 一、单项选择 1．Try to sing more English songs, and you will find ________ interesting ________ a foreign language. A．it, learning B．that, learn C．it, learn D．it, to learn 2．I decide ________ to the mountains, but my sister wants ________ at home. A．going; staying B．to go; staying C．going; to stay D．to go; to stay 3．—Why do you plan ________ the farm this afternoon? —Because I feel like ________ cows with my family. A．to visit; feeding B．to visit; to feed C．visiting; to feed D．visiting; feeding 4．—I promised ________ care of the pet cat for my neighbor when he was on business. —How friendly you are! A．take B．to take C．taking 5．You can’t expect ________ a new language in a few months. A．learn B．learning C．to learn 6．—Why didn’t you go to the party last night? —Because I _______ my alarm clock and overslept. A．forgot to set B．forgot setting C．remember to set D．remember setting 7．Tina will get good grades as long as she sticks to ________ hard. A．studying B．study C．studied D．studies 8．—Why does he keep on ________ his hands? —It seems that he just would like to keep them ________. A．washing; cleaning B．to wash; clean C．washing; clean 9．He had trouble ________ after the accident ________ he was very afraid. A．to think clearly; because B．thinking clear; because of C．thinking clearly; because 10．To reduce the air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of ________. A．drive B．drove C．driving D．to drive 11．To become a painter, I will keep on ________ my drawing skills. A．practice B．practicing C．to practice D．practiced 12．To keep healthy, we should avoid ________ junk food. A．eat B．to eat C．eating D．ate 13．Easton LaChappelle enjoys ______ problems to improve his inventions. A．fix B．fixing C．to fix D．fixed 14．The boy dreamed of __________ an inventor when he grew up. A．becoming B．to become C．become D．became 15．With her great efforts, she succeeded in ________ into the best high school in her city and all her relatives and friends are proud of her. A．get B．getting C．to get 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 16．Tom finds it difficult (express) his ideas in English during the class discussion. 17．The company offered (give) him a high-paying job after the interview. 18．This company is always trying (produce) the newest toys all by itself. 19．I can’t wait (see) the wonderful photos. 20．I can teach you how (make) more money if you promise (work) hard. 21．He refused (share) his worries with me! What’s up? 22．We were very lucky to manage (get) what we wanted. 23．His help makes it possible for me (learn) a foreign language well. 24．Are you good at (make) turns while skiing? 25．He sat on the sofa without (turn) on the light (灯). It was very dark. 26．Mr. Brown often gives me some advice about (learn) English. 27．He can improve his listening skills by (watch) English programs. 28．Stephen is looking forward to (meet) his new friend David from Australia. 29．I usually finish (do) my homework at 10:30. 30．I gradually get used to (make) daily study plans ahead of time. 三、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Thanks to an understanding son, a cake shop became popular after things seemed hopeless. Billy’s dad used to run a cake shop in the USA．Then his mom got sick and his dad 31 give up the business (生意). Now Billy is grown-up and his mom is 32 than before. Billy’s dad decided 33 cakes and get back into the cake business again. Billy’s dad worked hard to set up his shop and got everything ready, but there were almost no customers (顾客) to buy his cakes. Seeing his dad work so hard on the business and not get any customers, Billy was sad and wanted to do something about it. One day, 34 idea came to him. One Saturday in March, Billy wrote a post online. The post said, “ 35 dad is sad because no one is coming to his new cake shop.” Billy put the address (地址) of his 36 shop in the post, too. Thanks to the post, the next day was much different. 37 many people waiting to buy cakes in the cake shop. The shop 38 out of all the cakes in the morning. Billy was 39 and wrote online, “I can’t thank everyone enough for helping us. This means so 40 to my family. My heart is full.” Business is so good now that Billy’s dad is no longer sad. 31．A．could B．must C．had to 32．A．well B．better C．best 33．A．make B．making C．to make 34．A．a B．an C．the 35．A．My B．I C．Mine 36．A．dad B．dad’s C．dads 37．A．There was B．There are C．There were 38．A．sells B．sold C．will sell 39．A．excited B．exciting C．excitement 40．A．many B．much C．little 四、短文填空 Mr. Zhang is not just 41 successful businessman but also a person who cares about a balanced (平衡的) life. He often says that to do business well, one must first live 42 (healthy)—after all, good physical health plays the most important part in everything. When he 43 (start) his company ten years ago, many people didn’t believe him, but he chose to keep on 44 (achieve) his dream. He used his money 45 (wise) and focused on making high-quality products (产品) instead of chasing quick profits (利润). After three years of hard work, his company finally became profitable (盈利的), and his office is now full 46 laughter and trust (信任) among one another. The 47 (different) between Mr. Zhang and other bosses is that he cares about both business growth and his team’s pleasure. He often prepares healthy snacks for his employees (员工), which not only bring 48 (sweet) to their workdays but also help them stay 49 (energy) all day. 50 there are always new challenges in the market, he never loses confidence. He believes that with strong will (意志) and honesty, any difficulty can be overcome (克服). 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 动词不定式和动名词作宾语 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考/高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 知识精讲 动词不定式和动名词作宾语 ( 考点一 动词不定式作宾语 ) （1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+to do” 结构）常见的有： learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定 try 尽力 choose 选择 agree 同意 refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 offer 主动 would like / want 想要 expect 期望 hope / wish 希望 promise 承诺 afford 负担得起 prefer 喜欢 help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing) continue 继续(continue to do / doing) begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing) 如：I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。 （2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。 如：We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。 （3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构），常见的有：show 表明、指示；know 知道；tell 告诉；teach 教；learn 学习；decide 决定。 如：Larry didn’t know how to tell her the bad news. 拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。 ( 考点二 动名词作宾语 ) （1）作动词的宾语 某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语， 不能用不定式。常见的此类动词(词组)有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, enjoy, finish, keep, mind, practice, give up, suggest, consider, keep on, can't help(情不自禁)等。 如：I have already finished reading this book. 我已经读完这本书了。 （2）作介词的宾语 介词后如果接动词作宾语， 常要用动名词形式。如：think about, worry about, be/get used to, look forward to, pay attention to等。 如：We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制订新的计划。 We're looking forward to receiving your letter. 我们盼望收到你的来信。 其他带有动名词的常见结构： be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 spend time/money doing sth. 花时间/钱做某事　 have difficulty/problems/trouble/fun doing sth. 做某事有困难/乐趣 be worth doing sth 值得做某事 既可以接不定式又可以接动名词的动词 1. 有的动词后面既可接动词不定式， 也可接动名词作宾语， 意义不变。如：begin, start, hate, like, love等。 2. 有些动词后接不定式或动名词时， 意义差别较大。如： forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事(事还没做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(事已做) remember to do sth. 记得要做某事(事还没做) remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(事已做) stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事(去做另一件事) 　　　 stop doing sth. 停止做某事(不做了) try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 go on to do sth. 继续去做某事(继续做不同的事) 　 go on doing sth. 继续不停地做某事(同一动作的继续) 如：Don't forget to close the windows before you leave. 你离开前别忘记关窗户。 Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport? 你忘了在北京机场已经见过她了吗？ 好题精练 1．（25-26八年级上·安徽·期末）—Do you want ________ shopping with me? —Yes. Let’s go. A．go B．to go C．goes D．going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你想和我一起去购物吗？——是的，我们走吧。 考查非谓语动词。want to do sth“想要做某事”，因此空格处应填不定式作宾语。故选B。 2．（25-26八年级上·云南昆明·月考）The fact that we are ready ________ the school sports meeting makes everyone excited. A．attend B．attending C．to attend D．attended 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们准备好参加学校运动会这一事实让每个人都很兴奋。 考查非谓语动词。“are ready”后缺少宾语，且此处指“准备好做某事”，用“be ready to do sth.”的结构，空处应填不定式“to attend”。故选C。 3．（25-26八年级上·福建莆田·期中）—What will your sister do tomorrow morning? —She plans ________ soccer with me if it’s sunny. A．practicing B．practices C．to practice 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你妹妹明天早上要做什么？——如果天气晴朗，她计划和我一起练习足球。 考查非谓语动词。根据“She plans”可知，考查plan to do表示“计划做某事”，因此填不定式。故选C。 4．（25-26八年级上·江苏南京·期末）My sister hopes __________ a famous singer one day. A．become B．becomes C．becoming D．to become 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我姐姐希望有一天成为一名著名的歌手。 考查动词不定式。动词hope后需接不定式（to do）表示“希望做某事”。故选D。 5．（24-25八年级上·云南文山·期末）The winter vacation is coming. Jim decides ________ a trip to Kunming with his family. A．take B．took C．to take D．taking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：寒假即将来临。吉姆决定和家人一起去昆明旅行。 考查非谓语动词。decide后接不定式to do，表示“决定做某事”。故选C。 6．（24-25八年级上·北京门头沟·期末）—What did you do to help the boy? —We tried ________ the boy to a comfortable place. A．move B．moved C．moving D．to move 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你们做了什么来帮助那个男孩？——我们试着把男孩移到一个舒适的地方。 考查非谓语动词。try to do sth.表示“试图/努力做某事”，强调努力去完成某个动作；try doing sth.表示“尝试做某事”，强调尝试某种方法。根据句意“帮助男孩”可知，此处应是努力把男孩移到舒适的地方，应用try to move。故选D。 7．（25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）Though I’m an adult now, I still find it difficult ________ with pressure. A．deal B．to deal C．dealing D．dealt 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然我现在已经是成年人了，但我仍然发现应对压力很困难。 考查非谓语动词。“sb. + find(s)+ it + adj. + to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“发现做某事是……的”， “it”作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的“to do sth”，形容词作宾语补足语。故选B。 8．（22-23八年级下·全国·单元测试）I wasn’t sure what ________ for my school project, so I asked my dad what I should do. A．write B．writing C．wrote D．to write 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我不确定我的学校作业该写些什么，所以我问我爸爸我该写什么。 考查非谓语动词。根据“I wasn’t sure”可知，what引导宾语从句，此时可用“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构，故此处应用动词不定式to write。故选D。 9．（24-25八年级上·黑龙江绥化·期末）We don’t allow _________ in our offices, but we allow people ________ in the smoking rooms. A．to smoke ; to smoke B．smoking; smoking C．smoking; to smoke 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们不允许在办公室吸烟，但我们允许人们在吸烟室吸烟。 考查非谓语动词。to smoke吸烟，动词不定式；smoking吸烟，动名词/现在分词。根据“We don’t allow...in our offices, but we allow people...in the smoking rooms.”可知，allow doing sth.“允许做某事”，后接动名词作宾语，故第一空填smoking；allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，后接宾语再加不定式作宾补，故第二空填to smoke。故选C。 10．（24-25八年级上·福建三明·期末）Many children spend too much time ________ computer games now. It’s bad for their studies. A．play B．playing C．to play 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多孩子现在花太多时间玩电脑游戏。这对他们的学习有害。 考查非谓语动词。play玩，动词原形；playing玩，动名词或现在分词；to play玩，动词不定式。spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”。故选B。 11．（24-25八年级上·四川广安·期末）You must stop _________ football in the busy street. It’s too dangerous. A．playing B．play C．to play 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你必须停止在繁忙的街道上踢足球。太危险了。 考查非谓语动词。playing动名词/现在分词；play动词原形；to play不定式。stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事”；stop to do sth.表示“停下来去做另一件事”。根据“It’s too dangerous”可知，是要停止正在进行的“在繁忙街道踢足球”的动作，用playing。故选A。 12．（24-25八年级上·安徽六安·期末）—Would you like ________ swimming with me this afternoon? —Sorry, it’s too hot. I feel like ________ a cartoon on TV at home. A．going; watching B．to go; watch C．going; to watch D．to go; watching 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——今天下午你愿意和我一起去游泳吗？——抱歉，天气太热了。我想在家看电视上的卡通片。 考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth表示“愿意做某事”，空一处用不定式；feel like doing sth“想要做某事”，空二处用动名词。故选D。 13．（25-26八年级上·福建福州·期中）—Tom, you look worried. What’s up? —I have difficulty ________ the new science class today. A．understanding B．to understand C．understood 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Tom，你看起来很担心。怎么了？——我今天理解新的科学课有困难。 考查非谓语动词。“have difficulty (in) doing sth.”意为“在做某事方面有困难”，故此处用动名词作宾语。故选A。 14．（24-25九年级上·安徽安庆·期中）They were wondering where ________ the office party and I suggested ________ to the Chinese restaurant near the station. A．to hold; going B．holds; to go C．to hold; to go D．holding; going 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们正在琢磨在哪里举行办公室聚会，我建议去车站附近的中国餐馆。 考查非谓语动词。“where + 动词不定式”结构作“wonder”的宾语，表示“在哪里做某事”；“suggest”后接动名词作宾语，表示“建议做某事”。故选A。 15．（24-25八年级上·重庆·期末）She is preparing for the final exam because she looks forward to ________ good grades. A．get B．getting C．got D．gets 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她正在为期末考试做准备，因为她期待着取得好成绩。 考查非谓语动词。look forward to doing sth“期待做某事”，此处用get“得到”的动名词形式。故选B。 16．（24-25八年级下·甘肃陇南·期末）—Why are you so quiet? —Because I’m considering ________ a new car. A．buy B．bought C．buying D．to buy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你为什么这么安静？  ——因为我正在考虑买一辆新车。 考查非谓语动词。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里需用动名词buying。故选C。 17．（24-25八年级下·黑龙江绥化·期末）The film is worth _________. I want to see it for the second time. A．see B．seeing C．sees 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这部电影值得一看。我想再看一次。 考查非谓语动词。be worth doing“值得做某事”是固定搭配，空处应是seeing。故选B。 18．（23-24八年级上·吉林辽源·期末）—Remember ________ to my daughter’s dance show next Friday. —Of course I will. I’ll never forget ________ her dance for the first time last year A．to come; to see B．coming; to see C．to come; seeing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——记得下周五来看我女儿的舞蹈表演。——当然会来的。我永远不会忘记去年第一次看她跳舞的事。 考查非谓语动词。remember to do sth.记得去做某事，事情未做；remember doing sth.记得做过某事，事情已做。forget doing sth.忘记做过某事，事情已做；forget to do sth.忘记去做某事，事情未做。此处第一空指记得去做某事，第二空指从来不会忘记做过某事，故选C。 19．（22-23八年级下·黑龙江绥化·期末）He is rich, but he isn’t happy because he’s always worried about ________ his money. A．to lose B．lose C．losing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他很富有，但他并不快乐，因为他总是担心失去他的钱。 考查非谓语动词。to lose动词lose的不定式形式；lose动词原形；losing动词lose的动名词形式。根据“he’s always worried about”可知，考查be worried about doing sth.“担心做某事”，故用动词lose的动名词形式losing。故选C。 20．（24-25八年级上·天津和平·期末）—Why didn’t the surgeon stop ________ supper? —Because he was too busy ________a dying patient at that time. A．to have, saving B．to have, to save C．having, saving D．having, to save 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——为什么这位外科医生没有停下来去吃晚饭？——因为当时他忙于拯救一个垂死的病人。 考查非谓语动词的用法。stop to do停下来去做某事；stop doing sth停止做某事；too...to do太……而不能做某事；be busy doing忙于做某事。根据“he was too busy...a dying patient at that time”可知，应是忙于救治病人，第二空用saving；结合“Why didn’t the surgeon stop ...supper”可知，应是询问为什么没停下来去指晚饭，第一空用不定式。故选A。 真题感知 1．（2024·四川·中考真题）—What are you going to do this summer vacation? —I plan ________ my cousin in Hangzhou. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个暑假你打算做什么？——我计划去杭州看望我的堂兄。 考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 2．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A．hundreds, to buy B．hundreds, buy C．hundred, to buy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：两百美元足够买自行车了，但是我买不起。 考查数词用法和不定式用法。hundred前面有具体数字时，用单数；动词短语afford to do sth表示“负担得起做某事”。故选C。 3．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）Qiqi hopes ________ medicine in Sichuan University. A．studies B．studying C．to study 【答案】C 【详解】句意：琪琪希望去四川大学学医。 考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth“希望做某事”，故选C。 4．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—Jack, remember ________ off the lights when you leave your bedroom. —OK, I will. A．turned B．turn C．turning D．to turn 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰克，你离开卧室时记得关灯。 ——好的，我会的。 考查非谓语动词。remember to do sth.记得去做某事，事情未做；remember doing sth.记得做过某事，事情已做。turn off表示“关灯”，根据“when you leave your bedroom”可知，灯还没有关，此处表示“要记得关灯”。故选D。 5．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—How do you improve your English listening skills? —I spend about twenty minutes ________ English videos every day. A．watch B．to watch C．watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你如何提高自己的英语听力水平？——我每天大约花二十分钟观看英语视频。 考查动名词作宾语。spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”，故选C。 6．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）The teachers used to ________ key points on the blackboard, but now they are getting used to ________ them through PPTs. A．write; showing B．writing; show C．write; show D．writing; showing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老师们过去常常在黑板上写关键点，但现在他们习惯于通过PPT展示。 考查非谓语动词。used to do sth表示“过去常常做某事”，可排除BD选项；get used to doing sth表示“习惯于做某事”，可排除C选项。故选A。 7．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）By reading the public signs, he had no difficulty in _______ the shopping mall. A．find B．found C．to find D．finding 【答案】D 【详解】句意：通过阅读公共标志，他毫不费力地找到了购物中心。 考查动名词作宾语。have difficulty in doing sth“做某事有困难”。故选D。 8．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My little brother suggested ________ for a walk. A．to go B．going C．goes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的小弟弟建议去散步。 考查非谓语动词。suggest doing sth“建议做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动名词，故选B。 综合提升练 一、单项选择 1．Try to sing more English songs, and you will find ________ interesting ________ a foreign language. A．it, learning B．that, learn C．it, learn D．it, to learn 【答案】D 【详解】句意：尝试多唱英文歌，你会发现学习一门外语很有趣。 考查it固定句型。根据“and you will find…interesting…a foreign language”可知，此处是“find it+adj.+to do sth.”结构，其中it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语，第一空使用it，第二空使用to learn。故选D。 2．I decide ________ to the mountains, but my sister wants ________ at home. A．going; staying B．to go; staying C．going; to stay D．to go; to stay 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我决定去山里，但是我妹妹想待在家里。 考查动词不定式的用法。第一个空，decide to do sth“决定做某事”，需用动词不定式to go作宾语；第二个空，want to do sth“想要做某事”，需用动词不定式to stay作宾语。故选D。 3．—Why do you plan ________ the farm this afternoon? —Because I feel like ________ cows with my family. A．to visit; feeding B．to visit; to feed C．visiting; to feed D．visiting; feeding 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你为什么计划今天下午去参观农场？——因为我想和家人一起喂牛。 考查非谓语动词。第一空，plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，所以第一空用to visit；第二空，feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”，动名词作宾语，所以第二空用feeding。故选A。 4．—I promised ________ care of the pet cat for my neighbor when he was on business. —How friendly you are! A．take B．to take C．taking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我答应在邻居出差时会照顾他的宠物猫。——你真友好！ 考查非谓语动词。根据“I promised...care of the pet cat for my neighbor when he was on business.”可知，此处使用“promise to do sth.”这一短语，意为“承诺做某事”，故选B。 5．You can’t expect ________ a new language in a few months. A．learn B．learning C．to learn 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你不能指望在几个月内学会一门新语言。 考查动词的用法。learn学习，动词原形；learning学习，动名词；to learn去学习，动词不定式。expect to do sth.“期望做某事”，因此用动词不定式。故选C。 6．—Why didn’t you go to the party last night? —Because I _______ my alarm clock and overslept. A．forgot to set B．forgot setting C．remember to set D．remember setting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你昨晚为什么没去派对？——因为我忘记设置闹钟，睡过头了。 考查动词辨析和非谓语动词。forget to do忘记要做某事；forget doing忘记做过某事；remember to do记住要做某事；remember doing记住做过某事。根据“Why didn’t you go to the party last night?”和“Because I...my alarm clock and overslept.”可知，睡过头是由于忘了设置闹钟，因此应用“forgot to set”表示忘记去做设置动作。故选A。 7．Tina will get good grades as long as she sticks to ________ hard. A．studying B．study C．studied D．studies 【答案】A 【详解】句意：只要蒂娜坚持努力学习，她就会取得好成绩。 考查非谓语动词。studying学习，动名词；study学习，动词原形；studied学习，动词过去式；studies学习，动词三单形式。stick to doing sth“坚持做某事”，其后接名词或动名词形式。故选A。 8．—Why does he keep on ________ his hands? —It seems that he just would like to keep them ________. A．washing; cleaning B．to wash; clean C．washing; clean 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——他为什么一直不停地洗手？——好像他只是想让手保持干净。 考查非谓语动词和形容词。washing洗，动名词；to wash洗，动词不定式；cleaning打扫，动名词；clean干净的，形容词。keep on doing sth.一直做某事；keep sth.+形容词，使某物保持某种状态。根据“keep on...his hands”可知，第一空用动名词washing；根据“keep them...”可知，第二空用形容词clean。故选C。 9．He had trouble ________ after the accident ________ he was very afraid. A．to think clearly; because B．thinking clear; because of C．thinking clearly; because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：事故后，他很难清晰地思考，因为他非常害怕。 考查非谓语动词、副词的用法和原因状语从句。because因为，后加句子；because of因为，后加名词、代词和动名词。have trouble doing sth.“做某事有困难”，修饰动词用副词clearly，第二个空后是句子，用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。 10．To reduce the air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of ________. A．drive B．drove C．driving D．to drive 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了减少空气污染，我们应该乘坐公交车或地铁，而不是开车。 考查非谓语动词。drive动词原形；drove过去式；driving动名词/现在分词；to drive动词不定式。固定搭配“instead of”中“of”是介词，后接动词时需用动名词形式，driving符合语法要求。故选C。 11．To become a painter, I will keep on ________ my drawing skills. A．practice B．practicing C．to practice D．practiced 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了成为一名画家，我将继续练习我的绘画技巧。 考查动名词作宾语。practice动词原形；practicing动名词或现在分词；to practice不定式；practiced过去式或过去分词。根据“To become a painter, I will keep on…my drawing skills.”可知，这里是keep on后接动名词，表示“持续做某事”。故选B。 12．To keep healthy, we should avoid ________ junk food. A．eat B．to eat C．eating D．ate 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，我们应该避免吃垃圾食品。 考查非谓语动词。动词avoid后应接动名词作宾语，avoid doing sth表示“避免做某事”。故选C。 13．Easton LaChappelle enjoys ______ problems to improve his inventions. A．fix B．fixing C．to fix D．fixed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：伊斯顿·拉沙佩尔喜欢通过解决问题来改进他的发明。 考查非谓语动词。enjoy doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”，因此空格处应填入动名词fixing。故选B。 14．The boy dreamed of __________ an inventor when he grew up. A．becoming B．to become C．become D．became 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个男孩梦想长大后成为一名发明家。 考查非谓语动词。dream of意为“梦想”，其中of是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，所以这里应填becoming。故选A。 15．With her great efforts, she succeeded in ________ into the best high school in her city and all her relatives and friends are proud of her. A．get B．getting C．to get 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在她的努力下，她成功地考入她城市最好的高中，她的所有亲戚和朋友都为她感到骄傲。 考查动词短语。根据“succeeded in…”可知，succeed in后必须接动名词，表示“成功做某事”。故选B。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 16．Tom finds it difficult (express) his ideas in English during the class discussion. 【答案】to express 【详解】句意：汤姆发现在课堂讨论中很难用英语表达自己的想法。此处是“find it+形容词+to do sth.”，是固定搭配，意为“发现做某事是……的”，空处应是不定式。故填to express。 17．The company offered (give) him a high-paying job after the interview. 【答案】to give 【详解】句意：面试后，公司提出给他一份高薪工作。“offer to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“主动提出做某事”，此处需用动词不定式作宾语。故填to give。 18．This company is always trying (produce) the newest toys all by itself. 【答案】to produce 【详解】句意：这家公司一直试图独自生产最新的玩具。根据“trying”可知，此处考查try to do sth.结构，意为“试图做某事”，需用动词不定式形式。produce的不定式形式是to produce。故填to produce。 19．I can’t wait (see) the wonderful photos. 【答案】to see 【详解】句意：我迫不及待地想要看那些精彩的照片。根据“can’t wait”可知，此处考查固定搭配“can’t wait to do sth.”，意为“迫不及待地做某事”，所以横线处需填动词不定式形式，see“看见”，动词，其不定式形式为to see。故填to see。 20．I can teach you how (make) more money if you promise (work) hard. 【答案】 to make to work 【详解】句意：如果你答应努力工作，我可以教你如何赚更多钱。第一空，考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构；英语中，“疑问词 (how, what, where等)+动词不定式 (to do)”可作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句，句中“how … more money”作动词“teach”的宾语，需用“how to make”；第二空：考查promise to do sth.“承诺做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词不定式to work。故填to make；to work。 21．He refused (share) his worries with me! What’s up? 【答案】to share 【详解】句意：他拒绝和我分享他的烦恼！发生什么事了？refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”，此处应用动词不定式to share，作宾语。故填to share。 22．We were very lucky to manage (get) what we wanted. 【答案】to get 【详解】句意：我们很幸运地设法得到了我们想要的东西。manage to do sth“设法做到某事”，空处填动词不定式；get“得到”，动词，不定式为to get。故填to get。 23．His help makes it possible for me (learn) a foreign language well. 【答案】to learn 【详解】句意：他的帮助使我能够很好地学习一门外语。此处是“make it possible for sb. to do sth.”结构，表示“使某人能够做某事”。其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。故填to learn。 24．Are you good at (make) turns while skiing? 【答案】making 【详解】句意：你擅长滑雪时转弯吗？根据“Are you good at...(make) turns while skiing?”可知，此处是固定搭配“be good at doing sth.”，意为“擅长做某事”，“at”是介词，后接动名词形式，“make”的动名词是“making”。故填making。 25．He sat on the sofa without (turn) on the light (灯). It was very dark. 【答案】turning 【详解】句意：他没开灯就坐在了沙发上。非常暗。 “without”是介词，介词后接动词时需用动名词形式；“turn”的动名词形式是“turning”。故填turning。 26．Mr. Brown often gives me some advice about (learn) English. 【答案】learning 【详解】句意：布朗先生经常给我一些关于学习英语的建议。此处需要填动名词形式作介词about的宾语，learn为动词，意为“学习”，其动名词形式为learning，故填learning。 27．He can improve his listening skills by (watch) English programs. 【答案】watching 【详解】句意：他可以通过看英语节目来提高听力技能。watch“观看”，by是介词，后跟动名词形式。故填watching。 28．Stephen is looking forward to (meet) his new friend David from Australia. 【答案】meeting 【详解】句意：斯蒂芬期待着见到他的新朋友，来自澳大利亚的大卫。meet“遇见”是动词。look forward to doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“期待做某事”，因此填动名词。故填meeting。 29．I usually finish (do) my homework at 10:30. 【答案】doing 【详解】句意：我通常在十点半做完作业。finish doing sth.“完成做某事”，因此填动名词。故填doing。 30．I gradually get used to (make) daily study plans ahead of time. 【答案】making 【详解】句意：我逐渐习惯提前制定每日学习计划。make“制定”，是动词，根据“get used to”可知，此处应用动名词作宾语，故填making。 三、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Thanks to an understanding son, a cake shop became popular after things seemed hopeless. Billy’s dad used to run a cake shop in the USA．Then his mom got sick and his dad 31 give up the business (生意). Now Billy is grown-up and his mom is 32 than before. Billy’s dad decided 33 cakes and get back into the cake business again. Billy’s dad worked hard to set up his shop and got everything ready, but there were almost no customers (顾客) to buy his cakes. Seeing his dad work so hard on the business and not get any customers, Billy was sad and wanted to do something about it. One day, 34 idea came to him. One Saturday in March, Billy wrote a post online. The post said, “ 35 dad is sad because no one is coming to his new cake shop.” Billy put the address (地址) of his 36 shop in the post, too. Thanks to the post, the next day was much different. 37 many people waiting to buy cakes in the cake shop. The shop 38 out of all the cakes in the morning. Billy was 39 and wrote online, “I can’t thank everyone enough for helping us. This means so 40 to my family. My heart is full.” Business is so good now that Billy’s dad is no longer sad. 31．A．could B．must C．had to 32．A．well B．better C．best 33．A．make B．making C．to make 34．A．a B．an C．the 35．A．My B．I C．Mine 36．A．dad B．dad’s C．dads 37．A．There was B．There are C．There were 38．A．sells B．sold C．will sell 39．A．excited B．exciting C．excitement 40．A．many B．much C．little 【答案】 31．C 32．B 33．C 34．B 35．A 36．B 37．C 38．B 39．A 40．B 【导语】本文是记叙文，文章讲述了比利爸爸的蛋糕店面临倒闭，但比利通过网上发帖吸引顾客，最终使生意好转。 31．句意：然后他的妈妈生病了，他的爸爸不得不放弃生意。 could能；must必须；had to不得不。根据“his mom got sick”可知，妈妈生病了，爸爸“不得不”放弃生意，故选C。 32．句意：现在比利长大了，他的妈妈比以前更好了。 well好；better更好；best最好。根据“than before”可知，此处使用比较级，故选B。 33．句意：比利的爸爸决定做蛋糕，重新进入蛋糕生意。 make制作，动词原形；making制作，动名词/现在分词；to make制作，动词不定式。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，使用动词不定式作宾语，故选C。 34．句意：一天，他想到了一个主意。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，定冠词。此处泛指一个主意，idea以元音音素开头，使用不定冠词an，故选B。 35．句意：我爸爸很伤心，因为没有人来他的新蛋糕店。 My我的，形容词性物主代词；I我，人称代词主格；Mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据“dad”可知，此处使用形容词性物主代词“My”修饰名词，故选A。 36．句意：比利还把爸爸的蛋糕店的地址放在了帖子里。 dad爸爸；dad’s爸爸的；dads爸爸们。根据“shop”可知，此处使用名词所有格“dad’s”修饰名词“shop”，指的是“爸爸的蛋糕店”。故选B。 37．句意：蛋糕店里有很多人在等着买蛋糕。 There was有，一般过去时，主语是单数；There are有，一般现在时，主语是复数；There were有，一般过去时，主语是复数。根据“many people waiting to buy cakes”可知，此处使用there be句型，根据“was”可知，此处为一般过去时，主语为复数，使用were，故选C。 38．句意：这家店早上所有的蛋糕都卖光了。 sells卖，一般现在时；sold卖，一般过去时；will sell卖，一般将来时。该句描述的动作发生在过去，为一般过去时，使用动词过去式，故选B。 39．句意：比利很兴奋，在网上写道。 excited兴奋的，修饰人；exciting令人兴奋的，修饰物；excitement兴奋，名词。根据“Billy was”可知，此处使用形容词作表语，且修饰人，故选A。 40．句意：这对我的家人来说意义重大。 many许多，修饰可数名词复数；much许多，修饰不可数名词；little很少，修饰不可数名词。根据“This means so...to my family.”可知，此处指这对我的家人来说意义重大，so much“非常，如此”，故选B。 四、短文填空 Mr. Zhang is not just 41 successful businessman but also a person who cares about a balanced (平衡的) life. He often says that to do business well, one must first live 42 (healthy)—after all, good physical health plays the most important part in everything. When he 43 (start) his company ten years ago, many people didn’t believe him, but he chose to keep on 44 (achieve) his dream. He used his money 45 (wise) and focused on making high-quality products (产品) instead of chasing quick profits (利润). After three years of hard work, his company finally became profitable (盈利的), and his office is now full 46 laughter and trust (信任) among one another. The 47 (different) between Mr. Zhang and other bosses is that he cares about both business growth and his team’s pleasure. He often prepares healthy snacks for his employees (员工), which not only bring 48 (sweet) to their workdays but also help them stay 49 (energy) all day. 50 there are always new challenges in the market, he never loses confidence. He believes that with strong will (意志) and honesty, any difficulty can be overcome (克服). 【答案】 41．a 42．healthily 43．started 44．achieving 45．wisely 46．of 47．difference 48．sweetness 49．energetic 50．Although/Though 【导语】本文介绍了张先生不仅是一位成功的商人，还重视平衡生活，既专注事业也关心员工，秉持诚信与意志面对挑战。 41．句意：张先生不仅是一位成功的商人，还是一个注重平衡生活的人。successful是辅音音素开头的形容词，“一位成功的商人”需用不定冠词a修饰，符合语境。故填a。 42．句意：他常说，要把生意做好，首先得健康生活——毕竟，良好的身体健康在一切事物中都起着最重要的作用。healthy是形容词“健康的”，此处修饰动词live，需用副词形式healthily“健康地”。故填healthily。 43．句意：十年前他创办公司时，很多人都不相信他，但他选择坚持实现自己的梦想。根据“ten years ago (十年前)”可知，此处用一般过去时，start的过去式是started。故填started。 44．句意：十年前他创办公司时，很多人都不相信他，但他选择坚持实现自己的梦想。achieve是动词“实现”，“keep on doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“坚持做某事”，故填achieving。 45．句意：他明智地使用资金，专注于打造高质量产品，而非追逐快钱。wise是形容词“明智的”，此处修饰动词used，需用副词形式wisely“明智地”。故填wisely。 46．句意：经过三年的努力，他的公司终于开始盈利，现在他的办公室里充满了欢声笑语和彼此间的信任。“full of”是固定短语，意为“充满……”，符合语境。故填of。 47．句意：张先生和其他老板的不同之处在于，他既关心业务增长，也在意团队的愉悦。different是形容词“不同的”，此处作主语，需用名词形式difference“不同之处”，结合“is” 可知用单数。故填difference。 48．句意：他经常为员工准备健康的零食，这不仅给他们的工作日带来甜蜜，还能帮助他们一整天都充满活力。sweet是形容词“甜蜜的”，此处作bring的宾语，需用名词形式sweetness “甜蜜” (不可数名词)。故填sweetness。 49．句意：他经常为员工准备健康的零食，这不仅给他们的工作日带来甜蜜，还能帮助他们一整天都充满活力。energy是名词“能量”，此处作表语，需用形容词形式energetic“充满活力的”。故填energetic。 50．句意：尽管市场上总有新的挑战，但他从不失去信心。根据前后句的转折关系，“虽然、尽管”用Although/Though引导让步状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填Although/Though。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $